GNSS antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antenna, which comprises a polymer bracket, a first metal radiation part and a second metal radiation part, the macromolecular stent comprises a top wall located at the top end of the macromolecular stent, and a through hole is formed in the top wall; the first metal radiation part comprises a first main body part and a first bent branch knot, the first main body part is installed on the upper surface of the top wall, and the first bent branch knot penetrates through the through hole from the upper end of the top wall and extends towards the lower end of the GNSS antenna; the second metal radiation part is mounted on the lower surface of the top wall, and the second metal radiation part and the first metal radiation part are separated from each other; wherein the frequency bands supported by the first metal radiation part and the second metal radiation part are different. The GNSS antenna is used for covering multiple frequency bands, the size of the GNSS antenna is reduced, and miniaturization of the GNSS antenna is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of positioning antennas, and in particular to a GNSS antenna. Background Art

[0002] GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antennas are widely used in mobile terminals to achieve positioning, navigation and other functions. In the field of vehicle-mounted antennas, GNSS antennas are usually integrated to achieve vehicle positioning and navigation.

[0003] GNSS antennas include single-frequency antennas and multi-frequency antennas. Single-frequency antennas support one frequency band, such as the L1 band, which is the main frequency relied on by civil GNSS applications. Multi-frequency antennas can support multiple frequency bands, such as the L1 band and the L2 band, or the L1 band and the L5 band. Multi-frequency antennas support a wider range of frequency bands, and are superior to single-frequency antennas in terms of accuracy and anti-interference capabilities. Existing GNSS antennas need to be larger in size to achieve multi-frequency bands, resulting in a larger size of the GNSS antenna, which is not convenient for flexible installation of the GNSS antenna. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a GNSS antenna for covering multiple frequency bands and reducing the size of the GNSS antenna to achieve miniaturization of the GNSS antenna.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A GNSS antenna, comprising:

[0007] A polymer support, comprising a top wall located at the top of the polymer support, wherein the top wall is provided with a through hole;

[0008] A first metal radiation element, comprising a first main body and a first bent branch, wherein the first main body is mounted on the upper surface of the top wall, and the first bent branch extends from the upper end of the top wall through the through hole and toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna;

[0009] a second metal radiation member installed on the lower surface of the top wall, and the second metal radiation member is separated from the first metal radiation member;

[0010] The first metal radiator and the second metal radiator support different frequency bands.

[0011] Preferably, the first metal radiator supports the L1 frequency band, and is compatible with the 1559-1610 MHz frequency band; the second metal radiator supports the L5 frequency band, and is compatible with the 1164-1189 MHz frequency band; the polymer bracket is a plastic bracket.

[0012] Preferably, the second metal radiating member is provided with a hollow portion, the first bent branch passes through the second metal radiating member from the hollow portion and is spaced apart from the second metal radiating member, and the second metal radiating member is separated from the first main body by the top wall.

[0013] Preferably, the second metal radiator is provided with a second bending branch node, which extends toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna; the first bending branch node and / or the second bending branch node are set in two, and the first bending branch node and the second bending branch node are used to connect to the circuit board.

[0014] Preferably, the first bending branch is formed by bending from the first main body of the first metal radiator, and the first bending branch and the first main body are an integrated structure;

[0015] And / or, the second bent branch node includes an extension portion extending from the second main body toward the hollow portion, and a bending portion formed by bending from the free end of the extension portion, and the second bent branch node and the second main body are an integrated structure; the extension portion is located in the hollow portion.

[0016] Preferably, the first metal radiator is provided with four first extension grooves which are centrally symmetrically distributed, and the first extension grooves extend from the edge of the first metal radiator toward the center of the first metal radiator;

[0017] And / or, the second metal radiator is provided with four second extension grooves which are centrally symmetrically distributed, and the second extension grooves extend from the edge of the second metal radiator toward the center of the second metal radiator.

[0018] Preferably, the four corners of the first metal radiator are respectively provided with first chamfers, and the frequency of the first metal radiator is adjusted by adjusting the size of the first chamfers;

[0019] And / or, the four corners of the second metal radiator are respectively provided with second chamfers, and the frequency of the second metal radiator is adjusted by adjusting the size of the second chamfers.

[0020] Preferably, the polymer support also includes a side wall, the second metal radiator is arranged on the inner side of the side wall and adjacent to the side wall, the outer wall surface of the side wall is provided with a metal branch, the metal branch includes an extended branch extending toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna, and the extended branch is grounded.

[0021] Preferably, eight metal branches are provided, the side walls include four, two metal branches are installed on each side wall, and the metal branches are in a "T"-shaped structure.

[0022] Preferably, the polymer support is provided with a plurality of heat-riveted posts, and the first metal radiation piece, the second metal radiation piece and the metal branches are fixed to the polymer support by heat-riveting through the corresponding heat-riveted posts.

[0023] Preferably, the first metal radiator and the second metal radiator are spaced 2.5-3.5 mm apart.

[0024] Preferably, the length and width of the GNSS antenna are 55-61 mm respectively, and the thickness of the GNSS antenna is 10-14 mm.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0026] By setting the first metal radiator and the second metal radiator, it is possible to cover multiple different frequency bands to improve the positioning accuracy and reliability of the GNSS antenna. The first metal radiator and the second metal radiator are set on both sides of the top wall of the polymer bracket, and the first metal radiator and the second metal radiator are separated, so that the first metal radiator and the second metal radiator can work separately, and the profile of the GNSS antenna can be low, the size of the GNSS antenna can be reduced, and the miniaturization of the GNSS antenna can be achieved, so that the antenna structure is simple and easy to manufacture, and the installation is more flexible. By using a polymer bracket, the weight of the GNSS antenna can be reduced, and the structure of the polymer bracket is more flexible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a polymer scaffold according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a polymer stent according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first metal radiation element according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second metal radiation element according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal branch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 is a return loss diagram of the GNSS antenna in a low frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 is a return loss diagram of the GNSS antenna in the high frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 is a gain diagram of the GNSS antenna in the low frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.11 is a gain diagram of the GNSS antenna of an embodiment of the present invention in a high frequency band;

[0038] Fig.12 is an axial ratio diagram of a GNSS antenna in a low frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.13 is an axial ratio diagram of a GNSS antenna in a high frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.14 is a 2D diagram of the E-plane radiation direction of the GNSS antenna of an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 1176 MHz;

[0041] Fig.15 It is a 2D diagram of the E-plane radiation direction of the GNSS antenna of an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 1575 MHz.

[0042] In the figure: 1. polymer bracket; 11. top wall; 111. through hole; 12. side wall; 13. hot riveting column; 2. first metal radiation part; 21. first bent branch; 22. hollow part; 23. first extension groove; 24. first chamfer; 25. first main body; 251. first mounting hole; 3. second metal radiation part; 31. second bent branch; 311. extension part; 312. bending part; 32. second extension groove; 33. second chamfer; 34. second main body; 341. second mounting hole; 4. metal branch; 41. extension branch; 42. main body branch; 43. third mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more comprehensive and complete and to fully convey the concepts of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted.

[0044] The words expressing positions and directions described in the present invention are all explained with reference to the accompanying drawings as examples, but they can be changed as needed, and all such changes are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a GNSS antenna, including a polymer support 1, a first metal radiator 2 and a second metal radiator 3, and may also include a metal branch 4.

[0046] The polymer bracket 1 is made of polymer material. Preferably, the polymer bracket 1 is a plastic bracket made of plastic. Existing GNSS antenna materials mainly include ceramics, high-frequency dielectric boards and PCB (Printed Circuit Board). The antenna using a plastic bracket in the present application is significantly lighter than a ceramic antenna, and the price of the plastic bracket is lower than that of the high-frequency dielectric board. In addition, the impact resistance of the plastic bracket is better than that of the PCB, so that the antenna using a plastic bracket in the present application can have the characteristics of light weight, low cost, and strong impact resistance. In addition, the polymer bracket 1 can be formed by injection molding, 3D printing, etc., and the shape of the polymer bracket 1 can be set more flexibly to facilitate the structural design of the GNSS antenna.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The polymer support 1 may include a top wall 11 located at the top of the polymer support 1 and a side wall 12 connected to the top wall 11. The side wall 12 extends from the outer edge of the top wall 11 toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna. The top wall 11 may be roughly a quadrilateral structure, and four side walls 12 are provided, each of which extends from one edge of the top wall 11 toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna, and the top wall 11 and the side wall 12 are an integrated structure, so that the polymer support 1 forms a hollow structure with one end open.

[0048] In order to facilitate the installation of the first metal radiation part 2, the second metal radiation part 3 and the metal branch 4 on the polymer support 1, a plurality of heat riveting columns 13 are provided on the polymer support 1. Specifically, one or more heat riveting columns 13 are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the top wall 11 of the polymer support 1, and one or more heat riveting columns 13 are provided on the outer wall surface of the side wall 12 of the polymer support 1. Preferably, a plurality of heat riveting columns 13 are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the top wall 11 of the polymer support 1, and a plurality of heat riveting columns 13 are provided on the surrounding side walls 12 of the polymer support 1, so as to ensure the stable installation of the first metal radiation part 2, the second metal radiation part 3 and the metal branch 4.

[0049] The first metal radiator 2 is used to support the L1 frequency band, and the first metal radiator 2 is compatible with the 1559-1610 MHz frequency band. The L1 frequency band is an existing frequency band of the GNSS antenna, and the L1 frequency band is the main frequency relied on by civil GNSS applications.

[0050] The first metal radiation element 2 can be made of metal tinplate material, and the thickness of the material used for the first metal radiation element 2 can be 0.4-0.6 mm, preferably 0.5 mm.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 , the first metal radiation part 2 may specifically include a first main body 25 and a first bent branch 21. The first main body 25 is installed on the upper surface of the top wall 11. Specifically, the first main body 25 may be provided with a first mounting hole 251 that cooperates with the hot rivet column 13 on the upper surface of the top wall 11. When the first main body 25 is installed on the top wall 11 of the polymer support 1, the hot rivet column 13 on the upper surface of the top wall 11 is located in the corresponding first mounting hole 251, and the first main body 25 is fixed to the polymer support 1 by hot riveting. The number of the first mounting holes 251 on the first main body 25 is the same as the number of the hot rivet columns 13 on the upper surface of the top wall 11 and corresponds one to one. Among them, the first main body 25 can be a plate-like structure, and the thickness of the first main body 25 is 0.4-0.6mm, preferably 0.5mm.

[0052] The first bending branch node 21 and the first main body 25 can be an integrated structure, and the first bending branch node 21 and the first main body 25 can be processed and formed on the same material strip. The first bending branch node 21 is formed by punching, bending and other processes. Among them, two first bending branches 21 can be provided, and the two first bending branches 21 constitute a double feed. The two first bending branches 21 are respectively bent from the first main body 25, and the thickness of each first bending branch node 21 is 0.4-0.6mm, preferably 0.5mm.

[0053] The first bent branch 21 can pass through the top wall 11 of the polymer support 1 and extend toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna. When the GNSS antenna is installed, the lower end of the GNSS antenna is connected to the circuit board. By passing the first bent branch 21 through the top wall 11 and extending toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna, the first bent branch 21 can be connected to the circuit board to achieve the connection between the first metal radiator 2 and the circuit board. Among them, the two first bent branches 21 of the first metal radiator 2 are welded to the circuit board, and the 3dB bridge on the circuit board is combined to form the L1 frequency band.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, in order to allow the first bent branch 21 to pass through the top wall 11, the top wall 11 is provided with a through hole 111 that passes through the thickness direction of the GNSS antenna, and the through hole 111 can be slightly larger than the radial cross section of the first bent branch 21. The first bent branch 21 passes through the top wall 11 from the through hole 111 and extends toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna. The number of through holes 111 is the same as the number of the first bent branch 21 and corresponds one to one. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the first bent branch 21 is set to two, the through hole 111 can also be set to two.

[0055] In some specific embodiments, the first metal radiator 2 is provided with four first extension grooves 23 that are symmetrically distributed in the center, and the first extension grooves 23 extend from the edge of the first metal radiator 2 toward the center of the first metal radiator 2. Specifically, the first extension portion 311 is provided on the first main body 25. The first main body 25 is roughly rectangular in structure and has four sides that surround the rectangular structure, and each first extension portion 311 extends from the middle of one side toward the center of the first main body 25. By providing the first extension grooves 23, the frequency of the first metal radiator 2 can be reduced, the size of the first metal radiator 2 can be reduced, the miniaturization of the GNSS antenna can be achieved, and the weight of the GNSS antenna can be reduced. Among them, the first extension groove 23 can be roughly rectangular in structure, and the edge of the first extension groove 23 adjacent to the center of the first main body 25 forms an arc chamfer. Among the four first extension grooves 23, in the circumferential direction along the first main body 25, the adjacent first extension grooves 23 are perpendicular to each other, and the relative first extension grooves 23 are parallel to each other.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, the four corners of the first metal radiator 2 may be respectively provided with first chamfers 24, and the coverage frequency of the first metal radiator 2 may be fine-tuned by adjusting the size of the first chamfers 24. The first chamfers 24 are oblique chamfers.

[0057] The second metal radiator 3 can be used to support the L5 frequency band, and the second metal radiator 3 is compatible with the 1164-1189 MHz frequency band. The L5 frequency band is an existing frequency band of the GNSS antenna, and the L5 frequency band has stronger anti-multipath effect and anti-interference capabilities, which can make the GNSS antenna of the present application suitable for urban applications. In other embodiments, the second metal radiator 3 can also be used to support other frequency bands.

[0058] The second metal radiation member 3 may be made of metal tinplate material, and the thickness of the material used for the second metal radiation member 3 is 0.4-0.6 mm, preferably 0.5 mm.

[0059] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 The second metal radiator 3 is installed on the lower surface of the top wall 11 and is separated from the first metal radiator 2. The second metal radiator 3 supports different frequency bands from the first metal radiator 2, so that the GNSS antenna can support multiple frequency bands to improve the accuracy, anti-interference ability and reliability of the GNSS antenna.

[0060] Through the cooperation between the first metal radiator 2 and the second metal radiator 3, the GNSS antenna can cover the GNSS L1 / L5 frequency band and can receive signals from multiple satellite navigation systems, such as Galileo (Europe's global satellite navigation system), GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System, Russia's global satellite navigation system), the United States' GPS (Global Positioning System, Global Positioning System), BEIDOU (Beidou, China's global satellite navigation system), etc. The GNSS antenna has high positioning accuracy, strong anti-interference ability and strong reliability, and can provide high-precision positioning in scenarios such as the autonomous driving market, geographic surveying and mapping, and agricultural precision fertilization. In addition, by installing the first metal radiator 2 and the second metal radiator 3 on opposite sides of the top wall 11, the layout of the radiators is optimized, the cross-section of the GNSS antenna is reduced, and the miniaturization of the GNSS antenna is facilitated.

[0061] The second metal radiation member 3 may include a second main body 34 and a second bending branch 31. The second main body 34 is mounted on the lower surface of the top wall 11, and the second main body 34 may be provided with a hollow portion 22. The hollow portion 22 is located inside the second main body 34, and the hollow portion 22 may reduce the weight of the second metal radiation member 3 and is used to avoid the first bending branch 21. Specifically, the hollow portion 22 may be connected to the through hole 111 of the top wall 11, so that the first bending branch 21 may pass through the second metal radiation member 3 from the hollow portion 22 after passing through the through hole 111 and maintain a gap with the second metal radiation member 3. The second metal radiation member 3 is separated from the first main body 25 by the top wall 11, and is separated from the first bending branch 21 by the hollow portion 22, so as to realize the separation of the second metal radiation member 3 and the first metal radiation member 2. The second main body 34 may be a plate-like structure, and the thickness of the second main body 34 is 0.4-0.6 mm, preferably 0.5 mm.

[0062] Among them, when the first metal radiator 2 and the second metal radiator 3 are close to each other, the first metal radiator 2 and the second metal radiator 3 are seriously coupled with each other, which will cause the bandwidth of the L1 frequency band supported by the first metal radiator 2 to decrease; and when the first metal radiator 2 and the second metal radiator 3 are far apart, if the overall height of the GNSS antenna is kept unchanged, the distance between the second main body 34 of the second metal radiator 3 and the circuit board is reduced, resulting in a decrease in the bandwidth of the L5 frequency band supported by the second metal radiator 3. In order to balance the bandwidth of the L1 frequency band and the L5 frequency band, the distance between the second metal radiator 3 and the first metal radiator 2 can be set to 2.5-3.5mm, preferably 3mm. Specifically, the distance between the second main body 34 of the second metal radiator 3 and the first main body 25 of the first metal radiator 2 is 2.5-3.5mm, preferably 3mm; the minimum distance between the first bent branch 21 of the first metal radiator 2 and the second metal radiator 3 can be 2.5-3.5mm, preferably 3mm.

[0063] There may be multiple hollow portions 22 on the second main body 34, and some of the hollow portions 22 may be used to avoid the first bending branches 21, while some of the hollow portions 22 may not be used to avoid the first bending branches 21. Specifically, four hollow portions 22 may be provided on the second main body 34, and two hollow portions 22 correspond to two first bending branches 21 one by one, so that each first bending branch 21 can pass through the second metal radiation member 3 through a corresponding hollow portion 22 and remain separated from the second metal radiation member 3. The other two hollow portions 22 may be used to accommodate a part of the structure of the second bending branch 31.

[0064] In order to facilitate the installation between the second metal radiation member 3 and the polymer support 1, the second main body 34 of the second metal radiation member 3 is provided with a second mounting hole 341 that matches the heat rivet column 13 on the lower surface of the top wall 11. When the second metal radiation member 3 is installed on the polymer support 1, the heat rivet column 13 on the lower surface of the top wall 11 is located in the corresponding second mounting hole 341, and the second main body 34 is fixed to the polymer support 1 by heat riveting, so that the second metal radiation member 3 is installed on the polymer support 1. The number of the second mounting holes 341 on the second main body 34 is the same as the number of the heat rivet columns 13 on the lower surface of the top wall 11 and corresponds one to one.

[0065] In order to reduce the size of the GNSS antenna and realize the miniaturization of the GNSS antenna, the second metal radiator 3 is located on the inner side of the side wall 12 of the polymer support 1 and is adjacent to the side wall 12. Specifically, the edge of the second main body 34 of the second metal radiator 3 is adjacent to the side wall 12. By reducing the gap between the second main body 34 and the side wall 12, the outer contour size of the side wall 12 can be effectively reduced, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the GNSS antenna.

[0066] In some specific embodiments, the second bending branch node 31 includes an extension portion 311 and a bending portion 312, the extension portion 311 extends from the second main body portion 34 toward the corresponding hollow portion 22 and forms a free end, and the extension portion 311 is accommodated in the corresponding hollow portion 22. The bending portion 312 extends from the free end of the extension portion 311 toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna, and the bending portion 312 is used to connect with an external circuit board. Among them, the second bending branch node 31 and the second main body portion 34 can be an integrated structure, and the second bending branch node 31 and the second main body portion 34 can be processed and formed on the same material strip. The second bending branch node 31 is formed by punching, bending and other processes. Preferably, two second bending branch nodes 31 can be provided, and the two second bending branch nodes 31 constitute dual feed. The bending portion 312 of the second bending branch node 31 is bent by a bending process. The thickness of the second bending branch node 31 is 0.4-0.6mm, preferably 0.5mm.

[0067] In some specific embodiments, the bent portions 312 of the two second bent branches 31 are respectively welded to the circuit board, and the L5 frequency band is formed by the 3dB bridge on the circuit board. The first bent branch 21 and the second bent branch 31 both form corresponding frequency bands through the 3dB bridge, so that the first metal radiator 2 and the second metal radiator 3 can both be output through the 3dB bridge, and then output through the rear-end low-noise amplifier RF circuit.

[0068] The bending portions 312 of the two second bending branches 31 and the two first bending branches 21 can be symmetrically distributed relative to the center of the GNSS antenna, that is, the bending portion 312 of each second bending branch 31 is symmetrically distributed with respect to the center of a corresponding first bending branch 21. The bending portions 312 of the two second bending branches 31 and the two first bending branches 21 extend to the same height and are welded to the circuit board together.

[0069] In some specific embodiments, the second metal radiator 3 is provided with four second extension grooves 32 that are symmetrically distributed in the center, and the second extension grooves 32 extend from the edge of the second metal radiator 3 toward the center of the second metal radiator 3. Specifically, the second extension portion 311 is provided on the second main body 34. The second main body 34 is roughly rectangular in structure and has four sides that form a rectangular structure, and each second extension portion 311 extends from the middle of one side toward the center of the second main body 34. By providing the second extension grooves 32, the frequency of the second metal radiator 3 can be reduced, the size of the second metal radiator 3 can be reduced, the miniaturization of the GNSS antenna can be achieved, and the weight of the GNSS antenna can be reduced. Among them, the second extension portion 311 can be roughly rectangular in structure, and the edge of the second extension portion 311 adjacent to the center of the second main body 34 forms an arc chamfer. Among the four second extension grooves 32, in the circumferential direction along the second main body 34, the adjacent second extension grooves 32 are perpendicular to each other, and the relative second extension grooves 32 are parallel to each other.

[0070] In some specific embodiments, the second metal radiator 3 is provided with second chamfers 33 at four corners respectively, and the frequency covered by the second metal radiator 3 can be fine-tuned by adjusting the size of the second chamfers 33. The second chamfers 33 are oblique chamfers.

[0071] The metal branch 4 is installed on the side wall 12 of the polymer support 1, specifically, on the outer wall surface of the side wall 12. The metal branch 4 is separated from the second metal radiator 3 by the side wall 12. The metal branch 4 includes a main branch 42 and an extension branch 41 extending from the main branch 42 toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna. The extension branch 41 is used to connect with an external circuit board. Specifically, the extension branch 41 is welded to the circuit board and grounded.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7, a plurality of metal branches 4 may be provided, and the metal branches 4 are distributed on a plurality of side walls 12. Specifically, in the present embodiment, eight metal branches 4 are provided, and every two metal branches 4 are installed on the same side wall 12. The main branches 42 and the extended branches 41 in the metal branches 4 may be perpendicular to each other, so that the metal branches 4 may be in a "T"-shaped structure. The metal branches 4 may significantly reduce the antenna frequency, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the GNSS antenna, and may increase the bandwidth of the L5 frequency band supported by the second metal radiator 3. When the second metal radiator 3 is adjacent to the side wall 12, the distance between the metal branch 4 and the second metal radiator 3 is small, which effectively shortens the size of the GNSS antenna.

[0073] In order to facilitate the installation of the metal branch 4 on the polymer support 1, the metal branch 4 is provided with a third installation hole 43 that cooperates with the heat riveting column 13 on the side wall 12. When the metal branch 4 is installed on the polymer support 1, the heat riveting column 13 on the side wall 12 is located in the corresponding third installation hole 43, and the metal branch 4 is fixed to the side wall 12 of the polymer support 1 by heat riveting. Among them, each metal branch 4 is provided with a plurality of third installation holes 43, and each side wall 12 is provided with a plurality of heat riveting columns 13 correspondingly, so that each third installation hole 43 can be connected to a corresponding heat riveting column 13.

[0074] In the present application, the GNSS antenna can be miniaturized. Specifically, the length and width of the GNSS antenna can be 55-61 mm, preferably, the length and width of the GNSS antenna can be 58 mm, respectively; the thickness of the GNSS antenna can be 10-14 mm, preferably, the thickness of the GNSS antenna can be 12 mm. The installation of the miniaturized GNSS antenna can be more flexible.

[0075] Through simulation test, we get Figures 8 to 15 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 is the return loss diagram of the GNSS antenna, Figure 8 and Fig. 9 It can be seen that the return loss of the GNSS antenna of the present application in the low frequency band (1160-1189 MHz) and the high frequency band (1559-1610 MHz) is less than -10 dB. Fig.10 and Fig.11 is the gain diagram of the GNSS antenna, given by Fig.10 and Fig.11 It can be seen that the gain of the GNSS antenna of the present application in the low frequency band (1160-1189 MHz) is greater than 4 dBi, and the gain in the high frequency band (1559-1610 MHz) is greater than >5 dBi. Fig.12 and Fig.13 is the axial ratio diagram when θ is 0 degrees, that is, the main beam of the antenna is facing the reference direction without any offset, Fig.12 and Fig.13 It can be seen that the axial ratio of the GNSS antenna of the present application in the low frequency band (1160-1189 MHz) and the high frequency band (1559-1610 MHz) is less than 1.5 dB. Fig.14 and Fig.15 It is a 2D diagram of the E-plane radiation direction of the GNSS antenna at the frequency points of 1176MHz and 1575MHz. It can be seen that the GNSS antenna provided in this application is small in size and can have good gain performance and axial ratio performance, which can meet the requirements of high-precision positioning. Among them, the low frequency band (1160-1189MHz) corresponds to the L5 frequency band, and the high frequency band (1559-1610MHz) corresponds to the L1 frequency band.

[0076] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, substitute and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the invention without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. All such changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A GNSS antenna, characterized in that: include: A polymer support (1), comprising a top wall (11) located at the top of the polymer support (1), wherein the top wall (11) is provided with a through hole (111); A first metal radiation element (2), comprising a first main body (25) and a first bent branch (21), wherein the first main body (25) is mounted on the upper surface of the top wall (11), and the first bent branch (21) passes through the through hole (111) from the upper end of the top wall (11) and extends toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna; A second metal radiation element (3) is installed on the lower surface of the top wall (11), and the second metal radiation element (3) and the first metal radiation element (2) are separated from each other; The first metal radiator (2) and the second metal radiator (3) support different frequency bands.

2. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first metal radiator (2) supports the L1 frequency band, and the first metal radiator (2) is compatible with the 1559-1610 MHz frequency band; the second metal radiator (3) supports the L5 frequency band, and the second metal radiator (3) is compatible with the 1164-1189 MHz frequency band; the polymer bracket (1) is a plastic bracket.

3. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second metal radiation member (3) is provided with a hollow portion (22), the first bent branch (21) passes through the second metal radiation member (3) from the hollow portion (22) and is separated from the second metal radiation member (3), and the second metal radiation member (3) is separated from the first main body (25) by the top wall (11).

4. The GNSS antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second metal radiating element (3) is provided with a second bending branch node (31), and the second bending branch node (31) extends toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna; the first bending branch node (21) and / or the second bending branch node (31) are provided in two, and the first bending branch node (21) and the second bending branch node (31) are used for connecting to a circuit board.

5. The GNSS antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first bent branch node (21) is formed by bending from the first main body portion (25) of the first metal radiating element (2), and the first bent branch node (21) and the first main body portion (25) are an integrated structure; And / or, the second bent branch node (31) comprises an extension portion (311) extending from the second main body portion (34) toward the hollow portion (22), and a bent portion (312) formed by bending from the free end of the extension portion (311), and the second bent branch node (31) and the second main body portion (34) are an integrated structure; the extension portion (311) is located in the hollow portion (22).

6. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first metal radiation member (2) is provided with four first extension grooves (23) which are centrally symmetrically distributed, and the first extension grooves (23) extend from the edge of the first metal radiation member (2) toward the center of the first metal radiation member (2); And / or, the second metal radiator (3) is provided with four second extension grooves (32) distributed symmetrically with respect to the center, and the second extension grooves (32) extend from the edge of the second metal radiator (3) toward the center of the second metal radiator (3).

7. The GNSS antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The four corners of the first metal radiator (2) are respectively provided with first chamfers (24), and the frequency of the first metal radiator (2) is adjusted by adjusting the size of the first chamfers (24); And / or, the four corners of the second metal radiator (3) are respectively provided with second chamfers (33), and the frequency of the second metal radiator (3) is adjusted by adjusting the size of the second chamfers (33).

8. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer support (1) also includes a side wall (12), the second metal radiator (3) is arranged on the inner side of the side wall (12) and adjacent to the side wall (12), the outer wall surface of the side wall (12) is provided with a metal branch (4), the metal branch (4) includes an extension branch (41) extending toward the lower end of the GNSS antenna, and the extension branch (41) is grounded.

9. The GNSS antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: Eight metal branches (4) are provided, and four side walls (12) are provided. Two metal branches (4) are installed on each side wall (12), and the metal branches (4) are in a "T"-shaped structure.

10. The GNSS antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The polymer support (1) is provided with a plurality of heat-riveted columns (13), and the first metal radiation piece (2), the second metal radiation piece (3) and the metal branch (4) are fixed to the polymer support (1) by heat-riveting via the corresponding heat-riveted columns (13).

11. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first metal radiator (2) and the second metal radiator (3) are spaced 2.5-3.5 mm apart.

12. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length and width of the GNSS antenna are 55-61 mm respectively, and the thickness of the GNSS antenna is 10-14 mm.

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