A large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combined fixture and clamping method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a large-scale thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combination fixture and a clamping method, which belong to the field of clamping technology. The fixture and clamping method provided by the present invention can provide supporting force and adsorption force at the same time, have a stronger ability to hold the original surface of the workpiece, and reduce the occurrence of processing deformation. The fixture has a built-in spring structure, which provides a spring soft support force after the inner support plate contacts the inner wall of the workpiece, thereby reducing the occurrence of inner support clamping deformation. The present invention divides the integral inner support plate into multiple layers and multiple groups, improves local adaptability, and thus reduces the under-clamping area; adopts a servo electric cylinder as the rear drive device, and automatically clamps and releases the workpiece by controlling the servo electric cylinder and the air source, thereby reducing manual clamping time and improving processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of clamping technology and relates to a large-scale thin-wall rotary shell workpiece supporting and sucking combined clamp and a clamping method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the aerospace industry, large, thin-walled rotating shell workpieces are widely used in the aerospace field. These include hemispherical shell bottoms and ellipsoidal shell heads in the final stage propellant tanks of launch vehicles; conical shell nozzles in rocket engines; and complex curved shell workpieces for large radomes. These workpieces are characterized by large dimensions, thin walls, and weak rigidity, posing stringent manufacturing requirements and significant clamping challenges. Traditional integral internal support contour clamping is prone to under-clamping areas and poor workpiece retention. The internal support device directly contacts the workpiece, providing rigid support, which can easily lead to clamping deformation. While traditional vacuum suction clamping provides uniform clamping force, it lacks sufficient support, leading to machining deformation. Furthermore, most fixtures for these workpieces are mechanical manual clamps, which require long clamping times and low processing efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a combined support and suction fixture and clamping method for large, thin-walled rotating shell workpieces. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a large-scale thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combination fixture and clamping method. The fixture and clamping method provided by the present invention can provide supporting force and adsorption force at the same time, have a stronger ability to hold the original surface of the workpiece, and can reduce the occurrence of processing deformation. The fixture has a built-in spring structure, which can provide a spring soft support force after the inner support plate contacts the inner wall of the workpiece, thereby reducing the occurrence of inner support clamping deformation. The integral inner support plate is divided into multiple layers and multiple groups, and the local adaptability is improved, thereby reducing the under-clamping area. A servo electric cylinder is used as the rear drive device, and the workpiece can be automatically clamped and released by controlling the servo electric cylinder and the air source, which reduces the manual clamping time and improves the processing efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0005] A large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combination fixture comprises a base plate 1, a circumferential support device 3, a top support device 4, and a central support platform 5. The base plate 1 is used to support the internal structure of the fixture and the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2, so that the two are located in the same horizontal plane. The thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2 is the workpiece to be clamped, and can be a hemispherical shell, a conical shell, an ellipsoidal shell, a cylindrical shell, etc.; the circumferential support device 3 provides clamping force in the circumferential direction of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2; the top support device 4 provides clamping force at the top of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2; and the central support platform 5 is mainly used to fix the driving mechanism of the circumferential support device 3 and the top support device 4.

[0006] The bottom plate 1 is a circular plate, and its diameter is larger than the diameter of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2 .

[0007] The central support platform 5 comprises an upper support plate 5-1, a middle support plate 5-2, a bottom support plate 5-3, and connecting columns 5-5. The upper support plate 5-1, the middle support plate 5-2, and the bottom support plate 5-3 are sequentially connected to each other via the connecting columns 5-5, and the bottom support plate 5-3 is fixed at the center of the base plate 1. The upper support plate 5-1 is symmetrically provided with top guide holes 5-4, which mainly serve as a guide.

[0008] The circumferential support device 3 is provided in multiple pieces and is evenly arranged on the base plate 1 around the central support platform 5. It includes an inner support plate, a vacuum suction cup 3-2, a circumferential positioning ring, a fixed support 3-9, a sliding support 3-10, a reinforcing rib 3-11, a circumferential servo electric cylinder 3-12, a hinge support 3-13, a slide rail module 3-14, a triangular bracket 3-15, a support box, a push plate 3-21, a positioning ring mounting plate 3-22, a hinge connection seat 3-23, and a push rod connection device 3-24. Among them, the triangular bracket 3-15 is fixed to the base plate 1, and the slide rail module 3-14 is provided on its inclined surface; the push plate 3-21 is installed on the slider of the slide rail module 3-14, and the end face of the push plate 3-21 is also connected to the lower surface of the sliding support 3-10; the push plate 3-21 and the sliding support 3-10 are fixedly connected with a reinforcing rib 3-11 to enhance the connection rigidity between the push plate and the sliding support. The sliding support 3-10 is in the shape of an arc, and a hinge connection seat 3-23 is fixed to its lower surface; the hinge connection seat 3-23, the push rod connection device 3-24, and the push rod end of the circumferential servo electric cylinder 3-12 are connected in sequence, and the servo motor end of the circumferential servo electric cylinder 3-12 is connected to the hinge support 3-13. The inner support plate is divided into multiple layers along the busbar and circumference of the large thin-walled rotary shell, and each inner support plate is installed with multiple vacuum suction cups 3-2. The fixed support 3-9 is in the shape of an arc and is arranged above the sliding support 3-10; multiple support boxes are installed on the fixed support 3-9, and the ends of the support boxes pass through the fixed support 3-9 and are slidably connected to the upper surface of the sliding support 3-10; the top of the support box is connected to the inner support plate of the corresponding number of layers. The circumferential positioning ring has two layers, which are connected to the fixed support 3-9 through the positioning ring mounting plate 3-22, and play a role in circumferential positioning and guiding.

[0009] The top support device 4 comprises a top inner support plate 4-1, a top support box 4-2, top guide rods 4-3, a top support plate 4-4, and a top servo electric cylinder 4-5. The base of the top servo electric cylinder 4-5 is fixed to the middle support plate 5-2, and the top servo electric cylinder 4-5 is fixedly connected to the top support plate 4-4. The top support box 4-2 is positioned above the top support plate 4-4 and fixedly connected to the top inner support plate 4-1. Two top guide rods 4-3 are provided, one end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top support box 4-2, and the other end of which passes through the top guide hole 5-4 of the center support platform 5 to provide guidance.

[0010] Furthermore, the vacuum suction cup 3 - 2 is higher than the inner support plate and is in full contact with the inner wall of the workpiece. The number of the vacuum suction cups 3 - 2 can be arranged according to the size of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2 .

[0011] Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the inner support plates are respectively consistent with the inner surfaces of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2 at different clamping positions.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner support plates are divided into five layers along the busbar direction and six groups along the circumferential direction, namely, a first-layer inner support plate 3-1, a second-layer inner support plate 3-3, a third-layer inner support plate 3-5, a fourth-layer inner support plate 3-6 and a fifth-layer inner support plate 3-8, a total of six groups of circumferential support devices 3.

[0013] Furthermore, the circumferential positioning ring includes a first circumferential positioning ring 3-4 and a second circumferential positioning ring 3-7. The first circumferential positioning ring 3-4 is located between the second inner support plate 3-3 and the third inner support plate 3-5, and the second circumferential positioning ring 3-7 is located between the fourth inner support plate 3-6 and the fifth inner support plate 3-8.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixed support 3-9 includes a housing step 3-9-1, a positioning ring step 3-9-2, and a positioning plate 3-9-3. The number of housing steps 3-9-1 is equal to the number of supporting housings and is used to install the supporting housings; the number of positioning ring steps 3-9-2 is equal to the number of circumferential positioning rings and is used to install the circumferential positioning rings; the supporting housing slides on the two side surfaces of the housing step 3-9-1, both of which require wear-resistant treatment; and the positioning plate 3-9-3 is fan-shaped and fixed to the bottom plate 1, used to position the bottom of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece.

[0015] Furthermore, a slide 3-10-1 is provided on the upper surface of the sliding support 3-10, and is in contact with the sliding ball 3-16-7b, and the side groove of the slide 3-10-1 cooperates with the limiting cylinder 3-16-7a; a curved weight-reducing through hole 3-10-2 is provided on the sliding support 3-10; a connecting base 3-10-3 is provided at the bottom of the sliding support 3-10, which is used to connect with the hinge connecting seat 3-23, and is mainly used to push the support box body to move along the radial direction of the thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 2, thereby driving the inner support plate to realize the inner support clamping action.

[0016] Furthermore, the reinforcing ribs 3-11 are arranged symmetrically and have circular weight-reducing through holes.

[0017] Furthermore, the slide rail module 3-14 is symmetrically arranged, and two sliders are used to enhance the connection rigidity. The angle between the slide rail module 3-14 and the base plate 1 is adjusted by the triangular bracket 3-15.

[0018] Furthermore, the different support boxes have similar structures and have different sizes according to the different positions of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2 to be clamped. Taking the first layer of the support box 3-16 as an example, its specific structure is described, including a support connecting rod 3-16-1, a box frame 3-16-2, a guide rail lock 3-16-3, a fixing plate 3-16-4, a spring box 3-16-5, an end cover 3-16-6, a guide rod 3-16-7, a spring 3-16-8 and a thickened area 3-16-9. Among them, the flange end of the support connecting rod 3-16-1 is connected to the inner support plate, and the other end is placed above the spring 3-16-8 and placed inside the spring box 3-16-5; the end cover 3-16-6 is used to seal the spring box 3-16-5; the bottom of the box frame 3-16-2 is fixedly connected to the guide rod 3-16-7; the guide rail lock 3-16-3 is placed inside the box frame 3-16-2, and it is fixed to the inner wall of the box frame 3-16-2 through the fixing plate 3-16-4 and placed above the spring box 3-16-5, which is used to hold the support connecting rod 3-16-1.

[0019] Furthermore, the supporting connecting rod 3-16-1 includes a connecting flange 3-16-1a, a limiting column 3-16-1b, a flat locking surface 3-16-1c and an arc surface 3-16-1d. Among them, the connecting flange 3-16-1a is fixedly connected to a layer of inner support plate 3-1; the limiting column 3-16-1b is located inside the spring box 3-16-5, and is used to limit the support connecting rod 3-16-1 from being separated from the elastic box 3-16-5; the flat locking surface 3-16-1c is planar in shape, with four of them, arranged symmetrically, and with clearance fit with the guide rail lock 3-16-3; the guide rail lock 3-16-3 is pneumatically controlled, and when the air is cut off, the symmetrically arranged flat locking surfaces 3-16-1c can be tightly locked without moving, and when the air is ventilated, the flat locking surfaces 3-16-1c can move inside the guide rail lock 3-16-3; the arc surface 3-16-1d is the remaining part of the flat locking surface 3-16-1c cut out of the cylinder.

[0020] Furthermore, the support connecting rod 3-16- can compress the spring 3-16-8 after being loaded.

[0021] Furthermore, the two thickened areas 3-16-9 of the box frame 3-16-2 need to be treated for wear resistance.

[0022] Furthermore, the number of the top support boxes 4-2 is determined according to the actual clamping area. Preferably, the top inner support plate 4-1 is connected to two groups of top support boxes 4-2.

[0023] A clamping method using the large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combined fixture specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Assemble the support and suction combination fixture

[0025] 1.1: Fix the assembled center support platform 5 on the base plate 1 and make the rotation centers of the two coincide.

[0026] 1.2: Fix the base of the top servo electric cylinder 4-5 of the assembled top support device 4 to the middle support plate 5-2.

[0027] 1.3: Arrange the assembled circumferential support device 3 evenly along the circumference of the base plate 1, and fix the fixed support 3-9 on the top of the base plate 1 so that the rotation centers of the two coincide; fix the triangular bracket 3-15 to the base plate 1, and fix the hinge support 3-13 to the bottom support plate 5-3.

[0028] Step 2: Clamp the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece

[0029] 2.1: Place the thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 2 on the positioning plate 3-9-3, and the rotation center of the thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 2 coincides with the rotation center of the base plate 1.

[0030] 2.2: Initially, the circumferential locating ring is in close contact with the inner surface of the thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 2, providing circumferential positioning of the workpiece. Guide rail lock 3-16-3 is in the air-off locking state, and the inner support plate and vacuum cup are retracted, maintaining a certain distance from the inner wall of the thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 2.

[0031] 2.3: The guide rail lock 3-16-3 is controlled to be in the ventilation state, and the control system drives the push rod of the circumferential servo electric cylinder 3-12 to move forward, thereby driving the sliding support 3-10, the reinforcement rib 3-11 and the push plate 3-21 to move forward on the guide rail of the slide rail module 3-14; during the radial movement of the sliding support 3-10, the guide rod 3-16-7 is pushed to slide in the slideway 3-10-1, thereby driving the support box to move radially; after the support connecting rod 3-16-1 drives the inner support plate to contact the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2, the spring 3-16-8 is compressed, thereby providing circumferential support force for the workpiece.

[0032] 2.4: The control system drives the push rod of the top servo electric cylinder 4-5 to push the top support plate 4-4 to move toward the top, thereby driving the top support box 4-2 to move toward the top. After the top inner support plate 4-1 is fully in contact with the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2, the spring 3-16-8 is compressed, thereby providing top support force for the workpiece.

[0033] 2.5: Put the guide rail lock 3-16-3 in the air-off locking state. After the vacuum suction cup 3-2 is fully in contact with the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2, start the air source of the vacuum suction cup 3-2. After vacuuming, it tightly adsorbs the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2, thereby providing uniform adsorption force for the workpiece.

[0034] Step 3: Release and clamp the thin-walled rotating shell workpiece

[0035] 3.1: The control system puts the guide rail lock 3-16-3 into the ventilation state, and then cuts off the vacuum of the vacuum suction cup 3-2.

[0036] 3.2: The control system drives the push rod of the circumferential servo electric cylinder 3-12 to move backward, thereby driving the sliding support 3-10, the reinforcing rib 3-11, and the push plate 3-21 to move backward on the guide rail of the slide rail module 3-14, and driving the support box and the support plate to move backward until the inner support plate and the vacuum suction cup are no longer in contact with the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2.

[0037] 3.3: The control system drives the push rod of the top servo electric cylinder 4-5 to drive the top support plate 4-4 to move downward, thereby driving the top support box 4-2 to move downward until the top inner support plate 4-1 is no longer in contact with the top of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2.

[0038] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0039] (1) The present invention has both supporting and adsorption functions, and has a stronger ability to hold the original surface of the workpiece, thereby reducing the occurrence of machining deformation.

[0040] (2) Different from the traditional clamp that directly provides support force for the workpiece, the support and suction combination clamp provided by the present invention includes a spring structure. After the inner support plate contacts the inner wall of the workpiece, a spring soft support force is provided, thereby reducing the occurrence of deformation of the inner support clamping.

[0041] (3) The fixture provided by the present invention divides the integral inner support plate into multiple layers and groups, thereby improving local adaptability and reducing the under-clamping area.

[0042] (4) The present invention can realize automatic clamping and releasing of workpieces by controlling the servo electric cylinder and the air source, thereby reducing manual clamping time and improving processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a front view of the clamping of a large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combination fixture.

[0044] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Clamping section view along AA direction.

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the circumferential support device; (a) is the isometric view and (b) is the front view.

[0046] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the top support device.

[0047] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the center support platform.

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed support.

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding support: (a) is the axonometric view and (b) is the front view.

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a single-layer support box: (a) is an axonometric view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0051] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the supporting connecting rod.

[0052] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the guide rod.

[0053] Including: 1 bottom plate; 2 thin-walled rotary shell workpiece; 3 circumferential support device; 4 top support device; 5 center support platform; 3-1 first layer inner support plate; 3-2 vacuum suction cup; 3-3 second layer inner support plate; 3-4 circumferential first positioning ring; 3-5 third layer inner support plate; 3-6 fourth layer inner support plate; 3-7 circumferential second positioning ring; 3-8 fifth layer inner support plate; 3-9 fixed support; 3-10 sliding support; 3-11 reinforcement rib; 3-12 circumferential Servo electric cylinder; 3-13 hinge support; 3-14 slide rail module; 3-15 triangular bracket; 3-16 first-layer support box; 3-17 second-layer support box; 3-18 third-layer support box; 3-19 fourth-layer support box; 3-20 fifth-layer support box; 3-21 push plate; 3-22 positioning ring mounting plate; 3-23 hinge connector; 3-24 push rod connector; 3-9-1 box step; 3-9-2 positioning ring step 3-9-3 positioning plate; 3-10-1 slideway; 3-10-2 curved weight-reducing through hole; 3-10-3 connecting base; 3-16-1 supporting connecting rod; 3-16-2 box frame; 3-16-3 guide rail lock; 3-16-4 fixing plate; 3-16-5 spring box; 3-16-6 end cover; 3-16-7 guide rod; 3-16-8 spring; 3-16-9 thickened area; 3-16-1a connecting flange ;3-16-1b limit column;3-16-1c flat locking surface;3-16-1d arc surface;3-16-7a limit cylinder;3-16-7b sliding ball;4-1 top inner support plate;4-2 top support box;4-3 top guide rod;4-4 top support plate;4-5 top servo electric cylinder;5-1 upper support plate;5-2 middle support plate;5-3 bottom support plate;5-4 top guide hole;5-5 connecting column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

[0055] In Example 1, the thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 2 is a hemispherical shell structure, and the material is a high-strength aluminum alloy.

[0056] First, assemble a large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combination fixture, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes a base plate 1, a thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 2, a circumferential support device 3, a top support device 4 and a central support platform 5.

[0057] Assemble the circumferential support device 3: In this example, a total of six sets of circumferential support devices 3 are used, which mainly provide clamping force for the circumference of the thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 2. First, connect the hinge end of the hinge support 3-13 to the servo motor end of the circumferential servo electric cylinder 3-12; the circumferential servo electric cylinder 3-12 is connected to the push rod connecting device 3-24, the hinge connecting seat 3-23, and the connecting base 3-10-3 in sequence; connect the sliding support 3-10 to the two sets of reinforcing ribs 3-11 and the push plate 3-21 respectively; the triangular bracket 3-15, the slide rail module 3-14 and the push plate 3-21 are connected in sequence; fix the fixed support 3-9 above the base plate 1; the sliding ball 3-16-7b end of the guide rod 3-16-7 is in contact with the slide 3-10-1, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the box frame 3-16-2; the fixed plate One side of 3-16-4 is connected to the inner wall of the box frame 3-16-2, and the other end is fixed to the guide rail lock 3-16-3; the spring 3-16-8 and the limit column 3-16-1b are respectively placed in the spring box 3-16-5; the supporting connecting rod 3-16-1 is respectively fixed to the first layer inner support plate 3-1, the second layer inner support plate 3-3, the third layer inner support plate 3-5, the fourth layer inner support plate 3-6, and the fifth layer inner support plate 3-8, and the vacuum suction cup 3-2 is placed in the inner support plate; finally, one side of the positioning ring mounting plate 3-22 is connected to the positioning ring step 3-9-2, and the other side is connected to the first circumferential positioning ring 3-4 and the second circumferential positioning ring 3-7.

[0058] Assemble top support device 4: Top support device 4 primarily provides clamping force for the top of thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2. Sequentially connect the top servo electric cylinder 4-5, top support plate 4-4, two sets of top support boxes 4-2, and top inner support plate 4-1. Secure two sets of top guide rods 4-3 to the top support boxes 4-2 and place them in the guide holes of top support plate 4-4.

[0059] Assemble the center support platform 5: Securely connect the upper support plate 5-1, middle support plate 5-2, and bottom support plate 5-3 in sequence using connecting columns 5-5. In this embodiment, ten sets of connecting columns 5-5 are used: six sets connect the upper support plate 5-1 to the middle support plate 5-2, and four sets connect the middle support plate 5-2 to the bottom support plate 5-3.

[0060] Assemble a large, thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combination fixture: First, place the center support platform 5 above the base plate 1, securing it so that their rotational centers coincide. Secure the base of the top servo electric cylinder 4-5 of the top support device 4 to the middle support plate 5-2. Arrange six sets of circumferential support devices 3 evenly around the circumference of the base plate 1, securing the fixed supports 3-9 above the base plate 1 so that their rotational centers coincide. Secure the triangular supports 3-15 to the base plate 1, and the hinge supports 3-13 to the bottom support plate 5-3. This completes the assembly of a large, thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combination fixture.

[0061] A method for clamping using the above-mentioned large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combined fixture, the specific steps are as follows:

[0062] Step 1: Hoist the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2.

[0063] The thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 2 is hoisted and fixed above the fixed support 3-9, with the rotation center of the thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 2 aligned with the rotation center of the base plate 1. At this time, the first circumferential positioning ring 3-4 and the second circumferential positioning ring 3-7 position the thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 2 circumferentially, and the fixed support 3-9 positions the bottom of the thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 2.

[0064] Step 2: Initial state of the fixture.

[0065] In the initial state, the guide rail lock 3-16-3 is in the air-cut locking state, and the first layer inner support plate 3-1, the vacuum suction cup 3-2, the second layer inner support plate 3-3, the third layer inner support plate 3-5, the fourth layer inner support plate 3-6, and the fifth layer inner support plate 3-8 are at a certain distance from the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2.

[0066] Step 3: Clamping action.

[0067] The guide rail lock 3-16-3 is placed in the ventilation state, and the control system drives the push rod of the circumferential servo electric cylinder 3-12 to move, thereby driving the sliding support 3-10, the reinforcing rib 3-11 and the push plate 3-21 to move forward on the guide rail of the slide rail module 3-14; during the radial movement of the sliding support 3-10, it pushes the guide rod 3-16-7 to slide in the slideway 3-10-1, thereby driving the first-layer support box 3-16, the second-layer support box 3-17, the third-layer support box 3-18, the fourth-layer support box 3-19 and the fifth-layer support box 3-20 to move forward; after the support connecting rod 3-16-1 drives the inner support plate to contact the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2, the spring 3-16-8 is compressed, thereby providing circumferential support force for the workpiece.

[0068] The control system drives the push rod of the top servo electric cylinder 4-5 to push the top support plate 4-4, the top support box 4-2 and the top support plate 4-1 to move toward the top. After the top support plate 4-1 contacts the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2, the spring 3-16-8 is compressed, thereby providing top support force for the workpiece.

[0069] Put the guide rail lock 3-16-3 in the air-off state, and after the vacuum suction cup 3-2 is fully in contact with the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2, start the air source of the vacuum suction cup 3-2, and after vacuuming, tightly adsorb the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2, thereby providing uniform adsorption force for the workpiece.

[0070] Step 4: Release the clamping action.

[0071] First, the control system puts the guide rail lock 3-16-3 into a ventilated state, and then cuts off the vacuum of the vacuum suction cup 3-2.

[0072] The control system drives the push rod of the circumferential servo electric cylinder 3-12 to move, thereby driving the sliding support 3-10, the reinforcing rib 3-11, and the push plate 3-21 to move backward on the guide rail of the slide rail module 3-14. The guide rod 3-16-7 drives the first-layer support box 3-16, the second-layer support box 3-17, the third-layer support box 3-18, the fourth-layer support box 3-19, the fifth-layer support box 3-20, and the support plate to move backward until the first-layer inner support plate 3-1, the vacuum suction cup 3-2, the second-layer inner support plate 3-3, the third-layer inner support plate 3-5, the fourth-layer inner support plate 3-6, and the fifth-layer inner support plate 3-8 no longer contact the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2 and stop moving.

[0073] The control system drives the push rod of the top servo electric cylinder 4-5 to drive the top support plate 4-4 to move downward, thereby driving the top support box 4-2 and the top inner support plate 4-1 to move downward until the top inner support plate 4-1 stops moving after it stops contacting the top of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2.

[0074] The present invention provides a large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combination fixture and clamping method, which can simultaneously realize the support and adsorption clamping of large thin-walled rotary shell workpieces, has a stronger ability to hold the original surface of the workpiece, and can reduce the occurrence of processing deformation. Different from the traditional fixture that directly provides support force for the workpiece, the support and suction combination fixture includes a spring structure, which can provide spring soft support force after the inner support plate contacts the inner wall of the workpiece, thereby reducing the occurrence of internal support clamping deformation. The integral inner support plate is divided into multiple layers and multiple groups, and the local adaptability is improved, thereby reducing the under-clamping area. A servo electric cylinder is used as the rear drive device, and the workpiece can be automatically clamped and released by controlling the servo electric cylinder and the air source, which reduces the manual clamping time and improves the processing efficiency.

[0075] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described in the specification, these embodiments are only for reference and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Various omissions, substitutions and changes without departing from the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combination fixture, characterized in that: The large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combined fixture comprises a base plate (1), a circumferential support device (3), a top support device (4) and a central support platform (5); The bottom plate (1) is a circular plate, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece; The central support platform (5) comprises an upper support plate (5-1), a middle support plate (5-2), a bottom support plate (5-3) and a connecting column (5-5); wherein the upper support plate (5-1), the middle support plate (5-2) and the bottom support plate (5-3) are sequentially connected to each other via the connecting column (5-5), and the bottom support plate (5-3) is fixed at the center position of the bottom plate (1); top guide holes (5-4) are symmetrically provided on the upper support plate (5-1) to play a guiding role; The circumferential support device (3) is provided with a plurality of circumferential support devices (3) uniformly arranged on the bottom plate (1) around the central support platform (5); the circumferential support device (3) comprises an inner support plate, a vacuum suction cup (3-2), a circumferential positioning ring, a fixed support (3-9), a sliding support (3-10), a reinforcing rib (3-11), a circumferential servo electric cylinder (3-12), a hinge support (3-13), a slide rail module (3-14), a triangular bracket (3-15), a support box, a push plate (3-21), and a positioning ring mounting plate. (3-22), a hinge connection seat (3-23) and a push rod connection device (3-24); wherein the triangular bracket (3-15) is fixed on the bottom plate (1), and a slide rail module (3-14) is provided on the inclined surface thereof; the push plate (3-21) is installed on the slider of the slide rail module (3-14), and the end surface of the push plate (3-21) is connected to the lower surface of the sliding support (3-10) at the same time; a reinforcing rib (3-11) is fixedly connected between the push plate (3-21) and the sliding support (3-10) to strengthen the The connection rigidity between the push plate (3-21) and the sliding support (3-10); the sliding support (3-10) is in an arc shape, and a hinge connection seat (3-23) is fixed on the lower surface; the hinge connection seat (3-23), the push rod connection device (3-24), and the push rod end of the circumferential servo electric cylinder (3-12) are connected in sequence, and the servo motor end of the circumferential servo electric cylinder (3-12) is connected to the hinge support (3-13); the inner support plate is divided into multiple layers along the busbar and circumferential direction of the large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece, and each inner support A plurality of vacuum suction cups (3-2) are installed in the plate; the fixed support (3-9) is arc-shaped and is arranged above the sliding support (3-10); a plurality of support boxes are installed on the fixed support (3-9), and the ends of the support boxes pass through the fixed support (3-9) and are slidably connected to the upper surface of the sliding support (3-10); the top of the support box is connected to the inner support plate of the corresponding layer; the circumferential positioning ring is provided with two layers, and is connected to the fixed support (3-9) through the positioning ring mounting plate (3-22), and plays a role in circumferential positioning and guiding; The top support device (4) comprises a top inner support plate (4-1), a top support box (4-2), a top guide rod (4-3), a top support plate (4-4) and a top servo electric cylinder (4-5); wherein the base of the top servo electric cylinder (4-5) is fixed on the middle support plate (5-2), and the top servo electric cylinder (4-5) is fixedly connected to the top support plate (4-4); the top support box (4-2) is arranged above the top support plate (4-4) and is fixedly connected to the top inner support plate (4-1); there are two top guide rods (4-3), one end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top support box (4-2), and the other end of which passes through the top guide hole (5-4) of the central support platform (5) to play a guiding role.

2. A large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combined fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner support plates are divided into five layers along the busbar direction and six groups along the circumferential direction, namely, a first-layer inner support plate (3-1), a second-layer inner support plate (3-3), a third-layer inner support plate (3-5), a fourth-layer inner support plate (3-6) and a fifth-layer inner support plate (3-8), for a total of six groups of circumferential support devices (3); the circumferential positioning rings include a first circumferential positioning ring (3-4) and a second circumferential positioning ring (3-7); the first circumferential positioning ring (3-4) is located between the second-layer inner support plate (3-3) and the third-layer inner support plate (3-5), and the second circumferential positioning ring (3-7) is located between the fourth-layer inner support plate (3-6) and the fifth-layer inner support plate (3-8).

3. A large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combined fixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The fixed support (3-9) comprises a box step (3-9-1), a positioning ring step (3-9-2) and a positioning plate (3-9-3), wherein the positioning ring step (3-9-2) is located on the boss surface of the box step (3-9-1); wherein the number of the box steps (3-9-1) is equal to the number of the supporting box, and is used for installing the supporting box; the number of the positioning ring steps (3-9-2) is equal to the number of the circumferential positioning rings, and is used for installing the circumferential positioning rings; the supporting box slides on the two side surfaces of the box step (3-9-1), and the two side surfaces thereof are subjected to wear-resistant treatment; the positioning plate (3-9-3) is fan-shaped and fixedly connected to the bottom plate (1), and is used for bottom positioning of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece.

4. A large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combined fixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The support box includes a support connecting rod, a box frame, a guide rail lock, a fixed plate, a spring box, an end cover, a guide rod, a spring and a thickened area; wherein, the flange end of the support connecting rod is connected to the inner support plate, and the other end is placed above the spring and inside the spring box; the end cover is used to seal the spring box; the guide rod is fixed to the bottom of the box frame; the guide rail lock is placed inside the box frame, and is fixed to the inner wall of the box frame through the fixed plate and is placed above the spring box, and is used to hold the support connecting rod tightly.

5. A large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combined fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support connecting rod includes a connecting flange, a limiting column, a flat locking surface and an arc surface; wherein the connecting flange is fixedly connected to the corresponding inner support plate; the limiting column is located inside the spring box body, and is used to limit the support connecting rod from being separated from the elastic box body; the flat locking surface is a plane shape, with four of them, arranged symmetrically, and matched with the guide rail lock clearance; the guide rail lock is pneumatically controlled, and when the air is cut off, the symmetrically arranged flat locking surfaces are tightly locked without moving, and when the air is ventilated, the flat locking surfaces move inside the guide rail lock; the arc surface is the remaining part of the flat locking surface cut out of the cylinder.

6. A large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combined fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper surface of the sliding support (3-10) is provided with a slideway (3-10-1) and contacts the sliding ball at the bottom of the guide rod, and the side groove of the slideway (3-10-1) cooperates with the limiting cylinder at the lower end of the guide rod; the sliding support (3-10) is provided with a curved surface weight-reducing through hole (3-10-2); and the bottom of the sliding support (3-10) is provided with a connecting base (3-10-3) for connecting to the hinge connecting base.

7. A large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combined fixture according to claim 1, 2, 5 or 6, characterized in that: The vacuum suction cups (3-2) are higher than the inner support plate and are in full contact with the inner wall of the workpiece. The number of the vacuum suction cups (3-2) is arranged according to the size of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece.

8. A large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combined fixture according to claim 1, 2, 5 or 6, characterized in that: The outer profiles of the inner support plates are respectively consistent with the inner profiles of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece at different clamping positions.

9. A large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece support and suction combined fixture according to claim 1, 2, 5 or 6, characterized in that: The reinforcing ribs (3-11) are symmetrically arranged and have circular weight-reducing through holes; the slide rail module (3-14) is symmetrically arranged and uses two sliders to enhance connection rigidity; the angle between the slide rail module (3-14) and the base plate (1) is adjusted by the triangular bracket (3-15).

10. A method for clamping a large thin-walled rotary shell workpiece using the support and suction combined fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the support and suction combination fixture 1.1: Fix the assembled center support platform (5) on the base plate (1) and make the rotation centers of the two coincide; 1.2: Fix the top servo electric cylinder (4-5) base of the assembled top support device (4) to the middle support plate (5-2); 1.3: Arrange the assembled circumferential support devices (3) evenly along the circumference of the base plate (1), and fix the fixed support (3-9) above the base plate (1) so that the rotation centers of the two coincide; fix the triangular bracket (3-15) to the base plate (1), and fix the hinge support (3-13) to the bottom support plate (5-3); Step 2: Clamp the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece 2.1: Place the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece on the positioning plate (3-9-3), and the rotation center of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece coincides with the rotation center of the base plate (1); 2.2: In the initial state, the circumferential positioning ring is in close contact with the inner surface of the positioning portion of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece, used to circumferentially position the workpiece; the guide rail lock is in the air-off locking state, the inner support plate and the vacuum suction cup are in the retracted state, and there is a certain distance between them and the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece; 2.3: The guide rail lock is controlled to be in the ventilation state, and the control system drives the push rod of the circumferential servo electric cylinder (3-12) to move forward, thereby driving the sliding support (3-10), the reinforcing rib (3-11) and the push plate (3-21) to move forward on the guide rail of the slide rail module (3-14); during the radial movement of the sliding support (3-10), the guide rod is pushed to slide in its slideway (3-10-1), thereby driving the support box to move radially; after the support connecting rod drives the inner support plate to contact the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece, the spring is compressed, thereby providing circumferential support force for the workpiece; 2.4: The control system drives the push rod of the top servo electric cylinder (4-5) to push the top support plate (4-4) to move toward the top, thereby driving the top support box (4-2) to move toward the top. After the top inner support plate (4-1) is fully in contact with the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece, the spring is compressed, thereby providing top support force for the workpiece; 2.5: Put the guide rail lock in the air-off locking state. After the vacuum suction cup (3-2) is fully in contact with the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece, start the air source of the vacuum suction cup (3-2). After vacuuming, it tightly adsorbs the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece, thereby providing uniform adsorption force for the workpiece. Step 3: Release and clamp the thin-walled rotating shell workpiece 3.1: The control system locks the guide rail in the ventilation state, and then cuts off the vacuum of the vacuum cup (3-2); 3.2: The control system drives the push rod of the circumferential servo electric cylinder (3-12) to move backward, thereby driving the sliding support (3-10), the reinforcing rib (3-11) and the push plate (3-21) to move backward on the guide rail of the slide rail module (3-14), driving the support box and the support plate to move backward until the inner support plate and the vacuum suction cup are no longer in contact with the inner wall of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece; 3.3: The control system drives the push rod of the top servo electric cylinder (4-5) to drive the top support plate (4-4) to move downward, thereby driving the top support box (4-2) to move downward until the top inner support plate (4-1) is no longer in contact with the top of the thin-walled rotary shell workpiece.

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