PCB carrying and positioning device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a PCB carrying and positioning device and method, and relates to the technical field of circuit board carrying, the device comprises a carrying and positioning mechanism, the carrying and positioning mechanism comprises a U-shaped frame body, rollers and sliding blocks are arranged at the bottom of the frame body, a bottom plate and a front shovel are arranged on the inner side of the frame body, a hollow part is arranged on the bottom plate, the front shovel is used for shoveling a PCB onto the bottom plate, and the hollow part is used for shoveling the PCB onto the PCB. The frame body is pressed to enable the sliding block to make close contact with the conveying belt, the sliding block is driven by power of the conveying belt to move, then the distance between the two elastic columns is increased through the spring and the swing arm mechanism, when the frame body is lifted, the elastic columns rapidly retract under the action of the spring, the edge of a PCB is clamped, and three-point type positioning is achieved. Electric drive is not needed, stable grabbing and positioning of the PCB can be achieved through power of the transmission belt, operation is easy and convenient, and positioning is accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit board handling, and specifically to a device and method for handling and positioning a PCB circuit board, which are used to achieve efficient, stable handling and precise positioning of the PCB circuit board. Background Art

[0002] In the existing electronic manufacturing process, the handling and positioning of PCB circuit boards is a key link. Traditional handling and positioning devices mostly adopt structures such as mechanical jaws or suction cups. These devices usually require electric drive, not only with high energy consumption, but also with complex structures and high costs. In addition, traditional devices are prone to damage the PCB circuit board during the handling process, and it is difficult to guarantee the positioning accuracy. Especially on the automated production line, traditional devices often cannot cooperate effectively with automated equipment such as conveyor belts, resulting in low production efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that does not require electric drive, has a simple structure, low cost, and can firmly grasp and precisely position the PCB circuit board. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a device and method for handling and positioning a PCB circuit board to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Through a clever mechanical structure design, the present invention realizes efficient, stable handling and precise positioning of the PCB circuit board, and does not require electric drive, reducing the equipment cost and operation complexity.

[0004] The above technical object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A device for handling and positioning a PCB circuit board, which includes a handling and positioning mechanism. The handling and positioning mechanism includes a U-shaped frame. The frame includes front columns located on both sides near its open end, rear columns far from its open end, and a connecting column connected between the two rear columns. A cushion strip is provided at the bottom of the connecting column. The bottom surface height of the cushion strip is equal to that of the front columns and lower than that of the rear columns, so that gaps are formed at the bottom surfaces on both sides of the frame. A plurality of rollers with the same height are provided at the bottoms of the front columns and the cushion strip;

[0005] Elastic hinge seats are provided on the front columns or rear columns on both sides of the frame. An oscillating arm is elastically hinged on the elastic hinge seats. An elastic column is provided at the end of the oscillating arm. Sliders are slidably arranged in the gaps on both sides of the frame. The sliders are at the same height as the rollers, and springs are connected between the sliders and the elastic columns or the oscillating arms;

[0006] A bottom plate is provided inside the frame. A hollowed-out part is opened on the bottom plate. The coverage range of the hollowed-out part includes the moving ranges of the two elastic columns, and the elastic columns pass through the hollowed-out part and extend below the bottom plate;

[0007] A front shovel is provided on the bottom plate at the open end of the frame. There is a height difference at the connection between the bottom plate and the front shovel. The height of the front shovel at this place is higher than that of the bottom plate.

[0008] In some embodiments, an extension frame is further included, and the extension frame is installed on the frame body.

[0009] In some embodiments, anti-slip patterns are provided on the bottom surface of the slider.

[0010] In some embodiments, a plurality of annular grooves are concentrically formed on the side wall of the elastic column.

[0011] In some embodiments, the elastic column is made of a high-elastic polymer material.

[0012] In some embodiments, the front shovel has a triangular prism structure with a right-angled triangle cross-section, its inclined plane faces upward, one right-angled surface is connected to the end of the bottom plate to form a stepped height difference, and the other right-angled surface is parallel to the conveyor belt.

[0013] In some embodiments, a flexible cutting piece is provided at the convex edge on the side of the front shovel away from the bottom plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, a lower driven roller and an upper driven roller that are in contact with each other and in transmission cooperation are provided inside the front shovel. The rolling surface of the lower driven roller protrudes below the bottom surface of the front shovel, and the rolling surface of the upper driven roller protrudes above the inclined plane of the front shovel. Moreover, the upper driven roller is located at the top of the inclined plane of the front shovel. When the frame body is pressed down, the lower driven roller will come into contact with the conveyor belt.

[0015] A method for transporting and positioning a PCB circuit board, which is based on any one of the above-mentioned PCB circuit board transporting and positioning devices, includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Fit the frame body onto the running conveyor belt and ensure that the front shovel is aligned with the upcoming PCB circuit board;

[0017] S2. Press the frame body downward forcefully so that the slider is in close contact with the conveyor belt to generate frictional force, and then the slider moves along with the conveyor belt, and the swing arm is pulled by the spring to swing, gradually increasing the distance between the two elastic columns;

[0018] S3. Continuously press the frame body until the slider moves to the farthest stroke. At this time, the distance between the two elastic columns reaches the maximum state, and the spring and the elastic hinge seat store a large amount of elastic potential energy. At the same time, the PCB circuit board on the conveyor belt is shoveled onto the bottom plate by the front shovel, and a part of it extends into the hollow part to remain suspended;

[0019] S4. Lift the frame to disengage the slider from the conveyor belt. Under the action of the elastic potential energy of the spring and the elastic hinge seat, the slider, the swing arm and the elastic column quickly reset, and the distance between the two elastic columns quickly retracts. During this process, the elastic columns firmly clamp the edge of the PCB board and generate a huge frictional force with it. This frictional force pushes the PCB board forward to the front shovel. Due to the height difference at the connection between the bottom plate and the front shovel, the end of the PCB board will abut against the front shovel, forming a "three-point" positioning.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] The present invention does not require electric drive and can achieve the firm grasping and positioning of the PCB board only by relying on the power of the conveyor belt, greatly reducing energy consumption and conforming to the concept of energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0022] The present invention adopts a simple mechanical structure and does not require a complex electrical control system, so the cost is low and it is easy to promote and apply.

[0023] The operation of the present invention is very simple. It only needs to press down the frame at the position where the PCB board is about to come on the conveyor belt and lift the frame after grasping, greatly simplifying the operation process.

[0024] The present invention adopts a "three-point" positioning method. Through the cooperation of the elastic columns and the front shovel, it can achieve the firm clamping and precise positioning of the PCB board, avoiding damage or adverse effects caused by shaking or falling off during the handling process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the handling and positioning mechanism of the present invention (top view);

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the handling and positioning mechanism of the present invention (bottom view);

[0028] Figure 4 is a detailed structural diagram of the elastic column of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is an assembly schematic diagram of the front shovel and the bottom plate of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a detailed structural diagram of the front shovel of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the process of using the front shovel to lift the PCB board from the conveyor belt (when the PCB board has not yet contacted the front shovel);

[0032] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the process of using the front shovel to lift the PCB circuit board from the conveyor belt (when one end of the PCB circuit board leans against the front shovel but has not yet contacted the upper driven roller);

[0033] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the process of using the front shovel to lift the PCB circuit board from the conveyor belt (when the PCB circuit board is completely placed on the front shovel and one end contacts the upper driven roller);

[0034] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the process of using the front shovel to lift the PCB circuit board from the conveyor belt (when the PCB circuit board is overturned onto the bottom plate and completely disengages from the front shovel).

[0035] In the figure: 100, handling and positioning mechanism; 200, extension frame; 300, PCB circuit board; 400, conveyor belt; 1, front section column; 2, rear section column; 3, connecting column; 4, cushion strip; 5, slider; 6, elastic hinge seat; 7, swing arm; 8, elastic column; 801, annular groove; 9, spring; 10, bottom plate; 11, hollow part; 12, front shovel; 1201, lower driven roller; 1202, upper driven roller; 1203, flexible cutting piece; 13, roller. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] The following details the embodiments of the present invention. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0038] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "connection", "linkage", "fixation", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] This embodiment provides a PCB circuit board handling and positioning device, as Figure 2-3 shown, which includes a handling and positioning mechanism 100. The handling and positioning mechanism 100 includes a U-shaped frame body. The frame body includes a front column 1 located on both sides near its open end, a rear column 2 located on both sides away from its open end, and a connecting column 3 connected between the two rear columns 2. A cushion strip 4 is provided at the bottom of the connecting column 3. The bottom surface height of the rear column 2 is higher than the bottom surface height of the front column 1, and the bottom surface height of the cushion strip 4 is equal to the bottom surface height of the front column 1, so that gaps are formed at the bottom surfaces on both sides of the frame body. A plurality of rollers 13 with the same height are provided at the bottoms of the front column 1 and the cushion strip 4;

[0041] Elastic hinge seats 6 are provided on both the front column 1 or the rear column 2 on both sides of the frame body. An oscillating arm 7 is elastically hinged on the elastic hinge seat 6. An elastic column 8 is provided at the end of the oscillating arm 7. Sliders 5 are slidably arranged in the gaps on both sides of the frame body. The sliders 5 are at the same height as the rollers 13, and a spring 9 is connected between the sliders 5 and the elastic column 8 or the oscillating arm 7. The sliding of the sliders 5 can drive the oscillating arm 7 to swing reciprocally, thereby driving the elastic column 8 to move along an arc path. During this period, the distance between the two elastic columns 8 switches between approaching each other and moving away from each other. When both the elastic hinge seat 6 and the spring 9 are in the natural state without external force, the distance between the two elastic columns 8 is the closest;

[0042] A bottom plate 10 is provided inside the frame body. A hollow part 11 is formed on the bottom plate 10. The coverage range of the hollow part 11 includes the movement range of the two elastic columns 8, and the elastic columns 8 pass through the hollow part 11 and extend below the bottom plate 10;

[0043] A front shovel 12 is provided on the bottom plate 10 at the open end of the frame body for shoveling the PCB circuit board 300 on the conveyor belt 400 onto the bottom plate 10, as Figure 5 shown. There is a height difference at the connection between the bottom plate 10 and the front shovel 12. The height of the front shovel 12 at this place is higher than the height of the bottom plate 10 to limit the reverse movement of the PCB circuit board 300 that has completely fallen onto the bottom plate 10.

[0044] When picking up the PCB circuit board 300 from the conveyor belt 400, the frame needs to be first attached to the conveying surface of the running conveyor belt 400 and pressed downward forcefully. At this time, under the action of the roller 13, neither the front column 1 nor the cushion strip 4 will be subject to the frictional force of the conveyor belt 400, while the slider 5 is in close contact with the conveyor belt 400 and generates a large frictional force. Under the action of this frictional force, the slider 5 will move along with the conveyor belt 400 in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 400. During the movement of the slider 5, it will pull the swing arm 7 to swing through the spring 9. When the slider 5 moves to the farthest stroke, the degree of opening of the two swing arms 7 is also the largest. At this time, the distance between the two elastic columns 8 is in the maximum state, and at this time, the spring 9 and the elastic hinge seat 6 also accumulate a large amount of elastic potential energy. Once the slider 5 is separated from the conveyor belt 400, under the action of this elastic potential energy, the slider 5, the swing arm 7, and the elastic column 8 will all quickly return to the initial state. When the distance between the two elastic columns 8 remains in the maximum state, as the conveyor belt 400 continues to run, the PCB circuit board 300 on the conveyor belt 400 will gradually approach the front shovel 12 and will be shoveled onto the bottom plate 10 by the front shovel 12 subsequently. One end of the PCB circuit board 300 located on the bottom plate 10 will extend into the hollow part 11 and remain in a suspended state. Then, the entire frame is lifted to separate the slider 5 from the conveyor belt 400. At this time, due to the reset of the slider 5, the swing arm 7, and the elastic column 8, the distance between the two elastic columns 8 will quickly retract from the maximum state. During the retraction process, the edge of the PCB circuit board 300 is firmly clamped, realizing the clamping of the PCB circuit board 300. And during the retraction of the two elastic columns 8, a huge frictional force will be generated between them and the edge of the PCB circuit board 300. This frictional force will push the PCB circuit board 300 towards the front shovel 12. Since there is a height difference at the connection between the bottom plate 10 and the front shovel 12, and the height of the front shovel 12 at this place is higher than the height of the bottom plate 10, the end of the PCB circuit board 300 will firmly abut against the front shovel 12 under the action of this frictional force. In this way, a "three-point" positioning of the PCB circuit board 300 is formed, which is very stable and reliable. This device does not install any electric drive facilities and can realize the stable grasping of the flat PCB circuit board 300 only by relying on the power of the conveyor belt 400 for transporting the PCB circuit board 300. It does not consume electric energy, has a simple structure, a low cost, and during operation, only the frame needs to be pressed down at the position where the PCB circuit board 300 is about to come on the conveyor belt 400, and the frame is lifted after the grasping is completed, and the operation is very convenient and fast.When it is necessary to remove the PCB circuit board 300 from this device, it is only necessary to place the frame on the conveyor belt 400 again and press it down. After the frame is placed on the conveyor belt 400, due to the movement of the conveyor belt 400, the slider 5 will be subjected to the frictional force between it and the conveyor belt 400 again. Under the action of this frictional force, the slider 5 will slide along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 400 and pull the swing arm 7 to swing through the spring 9. As the slider 5 slides, the distance between the two elastic columns 8 will gradually increase, thereby releasing the clamping of the PCB circuit board 300. In this state, the PCB circuit board 300 will no longer be subjected to the clamping force of the elastic columns 8 and can move freely. After the clamping is released, the operator can easily remove the PCB circuit board 300 and pull it out or slide it out of the frame. If necessary, the PCB circuit board 300 can be gently pushed by hand or tools to ensure its smooth departure from the frame. Of course, if it is also possible to directly manually or with the help of tools bend the two elastic columns 8 to separate, this can also release the clamping of the PCB circuit board 300.

[0045] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, it further includes an extension frame 200. The extension frame 200 is installed on the frame. The extension frame 200 is designed as a strong and open frame structure, and its top and / or side are provided with standard interfaces or connection points. These interfaces or connection points are specifically used for externally connecting a robotic arm, a lifting mechanism or other automated electrical equipment. Through these externally connected devices, the automated lifting and pressing actions of the handling and positioning mechanism 100 can be realized without direct manual operation, thereby significantly improving the production efficiency and automation level. In addition, the structural design of the extension frame 200 ensures its stable connection with the frame, ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire device during the automated operation process.

[0046] In some embodiments, as Figure 3As shown, the bottom surface of the slider 5 is provided with anti-slip patterns, which are made of wear-resistant materials with a high coefficient of friction, such as rubber, silica gel, or special anti-slip alloy materials. The design of the anti-slip patterns includes, but is not limited to, geometric shapes such as grooves, bumps, grids, or diamonds, which are densely and evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the slider 5, effectively increasing the contact area and friction between the slider 5 and the conveyor belt 400. The setting of the anti-slip patterns significantly improves the grip of the slider 5 on the conveyor belt 400. Even under adverse conditions such as high-speed operation of the conveyor belt 400 or the presence of slight oil stains and water stains on the surface, it can ensure a stable and reliable frictional force between the slider 5 and the conveyor belt 400, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the entire handling and positioning process. Moreover, when the handling and positioning device presses down and fits onto the conveyor belt 400, the anti-slip patterns can effectively prevent the slider 5 from accidentally sliding or shifting due to the movement of the conveyor belt 400, ensuring that the slider 5 can slide stably along the predetermined path, and further ensuring that the elastic column 8 can accurately clamp and position the PCB circuit board 300, reducing the positioning error caused by sliding or shifting.

[0047] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 shown, a number of annular grooves 801 are concentrically formed on the side wall of the elastic column 8. These annular grooves 801 are evenly distributed and extend from the bottom to the top of the elastic column 8. The design of the annular grooves 801 not only reduces the overall weight of the elastic column 8, achieving material savings, but also enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the elastic column 8 when clamping the PCB circuit board 300. The presence of the annular grooves 801 enables the elastic column 8 to distribute the clamping force more evenly when subjected to the restoring force of the spring 9. When the two elastic columns 8 retract and clamp the edge of the PCB circuit board 300, the annular grooves 801 can tightly hold the edge of the circuit board like "fingers", increasing the clamping stability and effectively preventing the PCB circuit board 300 from sliding or falling off during handling or positioning. Moreover, since the thickness and edge shape of the PCB circuit board 300 may vary, the design of the annular grooves 801 enables the elastic column 8 to better adapt to PCB circuit boards 300 with different thicknesses and edge shapes. During the clamping process, the annular grooves 801 can automatically adjust the contact points with the circuit board edge to ensure the stability and accuracy of clamping without the need for additional adjustment or replacement of components for the device. Additionally, the annular grooves 801 can also play a role in heat dissipation and vibration damping to a certain extent. During the automated operation process, the equipment may generate a certain amount of heat and vibration. The design of the annular grooves 801 helps to dissipate heat and absorb vibration, thereby protecting the elastic column 8 and the entire handling and positioning device from damage and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0048] In some embodiments, the elastic column 8 is made of a polymer material with high elasticity, such as polyurethane, nylon, or rubber. This material not only has good elasticity and resilience, enabling it to quickly return to its original shape after being subjected to an external force, but also is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant, capable of maintaining stable performance for a long time. First, since the elastic column 8 is made of a polymer material with high elasticity, when clamping the PCB circuit board 300, the elastic column 8 can adaptively adjust according to the shape and thickness of the circuit board, ensuring uniform distribution of the clamping force, thereby improving the stability of clamping. Even after long-term use, the elastic column 8 can still maintain good elasticity and resilience, ensuring the long-term stability of the clamping effect. Second, the polymer material has excellent wear and corrosion resistance, which can avoid damaging the PCB circuit board 300 during the clamping process. Compared with hard materials such as metal, the polymer material is less likely to scratch or damage the surface of the circuit board, thus protecting the quality and integrity of the PCB circuit board 300. Moreover, the polymer material has good vibration damping performance, which can effectively absorb and disperse the generated noise and vibration during the clamping and handling processes. This not only improves the comfort of the working environment but also helps to protect the PCB circuit board 300 from vibration damage. In addition, the elastic column 8 made of the polymer material has good flexibility and plasticity, making it easier to adapt to PCB circuit boards 300 of different shapes and sizes. This improves the versatility and adaptability of the handling and positioning device, enabling it to be applied to the handling and positioning of more different types of PCB circuit boards 300.

[0049] In some embodiments, such as Figures 6-10 As shown, the front shovel 12 has a triangular prism structure with a right-angled triangle cross-section, its inclined plane facing upwards, one right-angled surface connected to the end of the bottom plate 10 to form a stepped height difference, and the other right-angled surface parallel to the conveyor belt 400. The front shovel 12 is designed to have a triangular prism structure with a right-angled triangle cross-section and its inclined plane facing upwards. This design enables the PCB circuit board 300 to slide more smoothly along the inclined plane onto the bottom plate 10 when shoveling the PCB circuit board 300, reducing the resistance during the shoveling process and improving the shoveling efficiency. At the same time, the design of the inclined plane also reduces the wear on the edge of the PCB circuit board 300, protecting the quality of the PCB circuit board 300.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figures 6-10As shown in the figure, a flexible cutting piece 1203 is provided at the convex edge on the side of the front shovel 12 away from the bottom plate 10. The design of the flexible cutting piece 1203 can provide a buffering and protective effect when the front shovel 12 shovels the PCB circuit board 300. Since the flexible cutting piece 1203 has flexibility, it can avoid causing hard impacts or scratches on the PCB circuit board 300 during the shoveling process, thus effectively protecting the quality and integrity of the PCB circuit board 300. And the flexible cutting piece 1203 can more easily insert into the tiny gap between the PCB circuit board 300 and the conveyor belt 400, helping the front shovel 12 to shovel the PCB circuit board 300 more quickly and accurately. This improves the shoveling efficiency and reduces the positioning error caused by inaccurate shoveling. Moreover, during the process of shoveling the PCB circuit board 300, the flexible cutting piece 1203 can absorb and disperse the generated noise and vibration. This not only improves the comfort of the working environment but also helps to protect the PCB circuit board 300 from vibration damage and extends its service life.

[0051] In some embodiments, as Figures 6-10 shown in the figure, a lower driven roller 1201 and an upper driven roller 1202 which are in contact with each other and in transmission cooperation are provided inside the front shovel 12. The rolling surface of the lower driven roller 1201 protrudes below the bottom surface of the front shovel 12, and the rolling surface of the upper driven roller 1202 protrudes above the slope surface of the front shovel 12. And the upper driven roller 1202 is located at the top of the slope surface of the front shovel 12. When the frame is pressed down, the lower driven roller 1201 will contact the conveyor belt 400. Exemplarily, as Figures 7-10 shown in the figure, when the transmission direction of the conveyor belt 400 is to the right, the lower driven roller 1201 will rotate counterclockwise, and the upper driven roller 1202 will rotate clockwise. When the PCB circuit board 300 passes over the surface of the front shovel 12, it will be subjected to the guiding and transmitting action from the upper driven roller 1202. During this period, the upper driven roller 1202 plays a role of transfer and relay transmission, and can quickly and accurately transmit the PCB circuit board 300 to the bottom plate 10 on the right side. In this way, by providing the lower driven roller 1201 and the upper driven roller 1202 inside the front shovel 12 and making them in contact with each other and in transmission cooperation, when the frame is pressed down, the lower driven roller 1201 contacts the conveyor belt 400, thus realizing the smooth guiding of the PCB circuit board 300. This design reduces the resistance of the PCB circuit board 300 during the transmission process and improves the transmission efficiency. And due to the rolling characteristics of the lower driven roller 1201 and the upper driven roller 1202, the contact between them and the PCB circuit board 300 is rolling friction rather than sliding friction. This friction method significantly reduces the wear and damage of the PCB circuit board 300 during the transmission process and protects the quality and integrity of the PCB circuit board 300.

[0052] This embodiment also provides a method for transporting and positioning a PCB circuit board. This method is based on any of the above-mentioned PCB circuit board transporting and positioning devices and includes the following steps:

[0053] S1. Attach the frame to the running conveyor belt 400 and ensure that the front shovel 12 is aligned with the upcoming PCB circuit board 300;

[0054] S2. Press the frame down forcefully so that the slider 5 is in close contact with the conveyor belt 400 and generates frictional force. Under the action of this frictional force, the slider 5 will move along with the conveyor belt 400 and pull the swing arm 7 to swing through the spring 9, gradually increasing the distance between the two elastic columns 8;

[0055] S3. Continuously press the frame until the slider 5 moves to the farthest stroke. At this time, the distance between the two elastic columns 8 reaches the maximum state, and the spring 9 and the elastic hinge seat 6 accumulate a large amount of elastic potential energy. At the same time, the PCB circuit board 300 on the conveyor belt 400 is shoveled onto the bottom plate 10 by the front shovel 12, and a part extends into the hollow part 11 and remains suspended;

[0056] S4. Lift the frame to disengage the slider 5 from the conveyor belt 400. Under the action of the elastic potential energy of the spring 9 and the elastic hinge seat 6, the slider 5, the swing arm 7 and the elastic column 8 quickly reset, and the distance between the two elastic columns 8 quickly retracts. During this process, the elastic column 8 firmly clamps the edge of the PCB circuit board 300 and generates a huge frictional force with it. This frictional force pushes the PCB circuit board 300 towards the front shovel 12. Due to the height difference at the connection between the bottom plate 10 and the front shovel 12, the end of the PCB circuit board 300 will abut against the front shovel 12, forming a stable "three-point" positioning.

[0057] During the transportation process, the PCB circuit board 300 is stably clamped and positioned in the frame, without shaking or falling off, ensuring the safety and accuracy of the transportation. When it is necessary to unload the PCB circuit board 300, place the frame on the conveyor belt 400 again and press it down. The slider 5 is again affected by the frictional force and slides, pulling the swing arm 7 to swing through the spring 9, gradually increasing the distance between the two elastic columns 8, thereby releasing the clamping of the PCB circuit board 300. At this time, the PCB circuit board 300 can move freely, and the operator can easily pull it out or slide it out of the frame to complete the board unloading operation.

[0058] This method is simple and convenient to operate, does not require electric drive, and can achieve stable grasping and positioning of the PCB circuit board 300 relying on the power of the conveyor belt 400. It not only saves energy, but also reduces the equipment cost and operation complexity, and improves the production efficiency. At the same time, due to the adoption of the "three-point" positioning method, the stability and accuracy of the PCB circuit board 300 during the transportation process are ensured, avoiding damage or adverse effects caused by shaking or falling off, and having significant technical effects and economic benefits.

[0059] This specific embodiment is only an interpretation of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment that do not contribute creatively as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A PCB circuit board handling and positioning device, characterized in that: The transport positioning mechanism (100) comprises a U-shaped frame, the frame comprising front columns (1) located on both sides thereof close to the open end, rear columns (2) away from the open end, and connecting columns (3) connected between the two rear columns (2), a cushion strip (4) is provided at the bottom of the connecting column (3), the bottom surface of the cushion strip (4) is equal to the height of the front column (1) and lower than the rear column (2), so that notches are formed at the bottom surfaces of both sides of the frame, wherein the bottoms of the front column (1) and the cushion strip (4) are both provided with a plurality of rollers (13) of equal height; An elastic hinge seat (6) is provided on the front column (1) or the rear column (2) on both sides of the frame, a swing arm (7) is elastically hinged on the elastic hinge seat (6), an elastic column (8) is provided at the end of the swing arm (7), a slider (5) is slidably provided in the notch on both sides of the frame, the slider (5) and the roller (13) are at the same height, and a spring (9) is connected between the slider (5) and the elastic column (8) or the swing arm (7); A bottom plate (10) is provided on the inner side of the frame body, and a hollow portion (11) is provided on the bottom plate (10). The coverage of the hollow portion (11) includes the range of movement of the two elastic columns (8), and the elastic columns (8) pass through the hollow portion (11) and extend below the bottom plate (10); A front shovel (12) is provided on the bottom plate (10) at the open end of the frame, and a height difference is provided at the connection between the bottom plate (10) and the front shovel (12), where the height of the front shovel (12) is higher than the height of the bottom plate (10).

2. A PCB circuit board handling and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an expansion frame (200), which is installed on the frame.

3. A PCB circuit board handling and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the sliding block (5) is provided with anti-skid patterns.

4. A PCB circuit board transport and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of annular grooves (801) are concentrically formed on the side wall of the elastic column (8).

5. A PCB circuit board transport and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic column (8) is made of a polymer material with high elasticity.

6. A PCB circuit board transport and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front shovel (12) is a triangular prism structure with a right-angled triangle cross section, with a slope facing upward, one right-angled surface connected to the end of the bottom plate (10) to form a step-shaped height difference, and the other right-angled surface parallel to the conveyor belt (400).

7. A PCB circuit board transport and positioning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A flexible cutting piece (1203) is provided at a convex edge on a side of the front shovel (12) away from the bottom plate (10).

8. A PCB circuit board transport and positioning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front shovel (12) is provided with a lower driven roller (1201) and an upper driven roller (1202) which are in contact with each other and in transmission cooperation. The rolling surface of the lower driven roller (1201) protrudes below the bottom surface of the front shovel (12), and the rolling surface of the upper driven roller (1202) protrudes above the slope surface of the front shovel (12), and the upper driven roller (1202) is located at the top of the slope surface of the front shovel (12). When the frame is pressed down, the lower driven roller (1201) will contact the transmission belt (400).

9. A PCB circuit board transport and positioning method, the method is based on the PCB circuit board transport and positioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, placing the frame on the running conveyor belt (400), and ensuring that the front shovel (12) is aligned with the PCB circuit board (300) that is about to arrive; S2, pressing the frame downward with force, so that the slider (5) and the conveyor belt (400) are in close contact and generate friction, so that the slider (5) moves with the conveyor belt (400), and the swing arm (7) is pulled by the spring (9) to swing, gradually increasing the distance between the two elastic columns (8); S3, the frame is continuously pressed until the slider (5) moves to the farthest stroke, at which time the distance between the two elastic columns (8) reaches the maximum state, the spring (9) and the elastic hinge seat (6) accumulate a large elastic potential energy, and at the same time, the PCB circuit board (300) on the conveyor belt (400) is shoveled onto the bottom plate (10) by the front shovel (12), and a part of it extends to the hollow portion (11) and remains suspended; S4. The frame is lifted to disengage the slider (5) from the conveyor belt (400). Under the action of the elastic potential energy of the spring (9) and the elastic hinge seat (6), the slider (5), the swing arm (7) and the elastic column (8) are quickly reset, and the distance between the two elastic columns (8) is quickly retracted. During this process, the elastic column (8) firmly clamps the edge of the PCB circuit board (300) and generates a huge friction force therewith. The friction force pushes the PCB circuit board (300) toward the front shovel (12). Due to the height difference between the bottom plate (10) and the front shovel (12), the end of the PCB circuit board (300) will be against the front shovel (12), forming a "three-point" positioning.

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