Machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mechanical equipment, in particular to a machine tool which comprises a machine base, a clamping assembly and a tool turret, the clamping assembly comprises a sliding base, a first three-jaw chuck and a second three-jaw chuck, the sliding base is slidably connected to the surface of the machine base, the first three-jaw chuck is rotatably connected to the surface of the machine base, and the second three-jaw chuck is rotatably connected to the surface, facing the first three-jaw chuck, of the sliding base; the rotating axis of the first three-jaw chuck coincides with the rotating axis of the second three-jaw chuck, the first three-jaw chuck and the second three-jaw chuck clamp the two ends of a workpiece in the axis direction in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the tool turret is connected to the surface of the machine base in a sliding mode, and a tool on the tool turret can machine the workpiece clamped by the first three-jaw chuck and the second three-jaw chuck. Through the arrangement of the first three-jaw chuck, the second three-jaw chuck and the sliding base, the two ends of the workpiece in the axis direction are limited, the tool turret slides in the direction close to the workpiece, a tool on the tool turret machines the surface of the workpiece, the workpiece is not prone to deviating due to the pressure of the tool, and therefore the machining precision of the machine tool on the workpiece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] A machine tool refers to a machine used for manufacturing workpieces, which mainly processes workpieces through methods such as cutting, casting, forging, welding, stamping, and extrusion.

[0003] During the machining process of a long-axis product by a machine tool, only one end of the workpiece can be limited; during the machining process of the workpiece by the tool, the workpiece is prone to shift under the pressure of the tool, thereby reducing the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the problem of machining accuracy of workpieces, this application provides a machine tool.

[0005] A machine tool provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions: A machine tool includes a machine base, a clamping assembly, and a turret. The clamping assembly includes a sliding seat, a first three-jaw chuck, and a second three-jaw chuck. The sliding seat is slidably connected to the surface of the machine base. The first three-jaw chuck is rotatably connected to the surface of the machine base facing the sliding seat. The second three-jaw chuck is rotatably connected to the surface of the sliding seat facing the first three-jaw chuck. The rotation axes of the first three-jaw chuck and the second three-jaw chuck coincide. The first three-jaw chuck and the second three-jaw chuck respectively clamp the two ends of the workpiece in the axial direction. The turret is slidably connected to the surface of the machine base. The tool on the turret can machine the workpiece clamped by the first three-jaw chuck and the second three-jaw chuck.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solutions, when machining a workpiece is required, one end of the workpiece in the axial direction is inserted into the clamping end of the second three-jaw chuck. The sliding seat slides along the surface of the machine base towards the direction close to the first three-jaw chuck. The other end of the workpiece in the axial direction is inserted into the clamping end of the first three-jaw chuck. The two ends of the workpiece in the axial direction are respectively inserted into the first three-jaw chuck and the second three-jaw chuck, realizing the limitation of the two ends of the workpiece in the axial direction. The turret slides towards the direction close to the workpiece, and the tool on the turret machines the surface of the workpiece. The workpiece is not prone to shift under the pressure of the tool, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the machine tool for the workpiece.

[0007] Optionally, the machine base is connected with a spraying assembly. The spraying assembly includes a spraying pipe and a pump body. The spraying pipe is connected to the surface of the machine base facing the first three-jaw chuck. The water outlet end of the spraying pipe faces the clamping end of the first three-jaw chuck. The water outlet end of the pump body is connected to the water inlet end of the spraying pipe through a pipeline. The water inlet end of the pump body is connected to an external water tank through a pipeline.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the pump body drives the water in the external water tank to be discharged from the water outlet end of the spray pipe through the pipeline. The water outlet end of the spray pipe faces one clamping end of the three-jaw chuck. The water impacts the surface of the workpiece clamped by one clamping end of the three-jaw chuck, taking away the fine chips generated by the machining of the workpiece by the tool, making it difficult for the fine chips to adhere to the surface of the workpiece and interfere with the machining of the tool, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0009] Optionally, the machine base is connected with a reflux assembly. The reflux assembly includes a reflux tank, a filter screen, a reciprocating lead screw one, and a scraper. The reflux tank is connected to the surface of the machine base. The opening of the reflux tank faces one clamping end of the three-jaw chuck. The filter screen is connected to the opening of the reflux tank. The water sprayed by the spray pipe enters the inner cavity of the reflux tank after being filtered by the filter screen. The reflux tank is connected to the water inlet end of the pump body through a pipeline. The reciprocating lead screw one is rotatably connected to the surface of the filter screen. The scraper is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the reciprocating lead screw one. The scraping end of the scraper abuts against the surface of the filter screen and scrapes the impurities on the surface of the filter screen.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the water discharged from the water outlet end of the spray pipe impacts the surface of the workpiece clamped by one clamping end of the three-jaw chuck. The surface of the filter screen faces one clamping end of the three-jaw chuck. The water carries the impurities on the surface of the workpiece and drops onto the surface of the filter screen. The water enters the inner cavity of the reflux tank after being filtered by the filter screen, making the water in the reflux tank not easily carry impurities. The pump body drives the water in the reflux tank to enter the water inlet end of the spray pipe through the pipeline, realizing the recycling of water resources, reducing the waste of water resources, and thus reflecting the concept of energy conservation; at the same time, the impurities accumulate on the surface of the filter screen. The scraper slides on the surface of the filter screen along the axis of the reciprocating lead screw one. The scraping end of the scraper abuts against the surface of the filter screen and scrapes the impurities on the surface of the filter screen, realizing the directional cleaning of the surface of the filter screen and ensuring the stability of the filter screen for water filtration.

[0011] Optionally, a drain hole is provided on the inner wall of the reflux tank. The inner wall of the drain hole is connected to the water inlet end of the pump body through a pipeline. The reflux assembly further includes a transmission impeller, at least two synchronous pulleys, and a synchronous belt used in cooperation with the synchronous pulleys. The transmission impeller is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the reflux tank. Some blades of the transmission impeller face the drain hole. The water in the reflux tank impacts the blades of the transmission impeller and is discharged from the drain hole. The axis of the transmission impeller is parallel to the axis of the reciprocating lead screw one. One of the synchronous pulleys is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the transmission impeller, and the other synchronous pulley is coaxially connected to the end of the reciprocating lead screw one. The synchronous belt is tensioned and connected to the two synchronous pulleys.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the water in the reflux tank impacts the blades of the transmission impeller and then enters the water inlet end of the pump body through the drain hole from the pipeline. The transmission impeller rotates under the impact of water. The synchronous belt is tensioned and connected to the two synchronous pulleys, driving the reciprocating lead screw one to rotate on the surface of the filter screen, eliminating the need for an external power device to drive the reciprocating lead screw one to rotate, reducing energy loss, and thus reflecting the concept of energy conservation.

[0013] Optionally, the reflux box is connected with a collection assembly. The collection assembly includes a filter box, a first elastic member, a contact switch and a warning lamp. A sliding cavity for the filter box to slide is formed in the inner wall of the reflux box. The sliding direction of the filter box is parallel to the height direction of the reflux box. The sliding cavity communicates with the inner cavity of the reflux box. One end of the first elastic member in the direction of its elastic force is connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity, and the other end in the direction of its elastic force is connected to the surface of the filter box. The first elastic member has an elastic force to drive the filter box to slide away from the sliding cavity, so that the end face of the filter box is flush with the surface of the filter net. The scraping end of the scraper drives the impurities on the surface of the filter net into the filter box. The contact switch is connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity, and the warning lamp is connected to the surface of the filter box. The warning lamp is electrically connected to the contact switch. When the filter box slides towards the contact switch under the pressure of impurities, the contact switch abuts against the filter box and conducts, and the warning lamp is powered on and emits light.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the scraper slides towards the filter box along the axis of the reciprocating screw rod one, the scraping end of the scraper presses against the surface of the filter net and drives the impurities on the surface of the filter net into the inner cavity of the filter box. The impurities accumulate in the inner cavity of the filter box. The filter box slides towards the contact switch under the pressure of the impurities. The contact switch abuts against the surface of the filter box and conducts, and the warning lamp is powered on and emits light, thereby warning the staff to clean the filter box in time. The user does not need to always pay attention to the accumulation of impurities in the filter box, thus improving the simplicity of using the machine tool.

[0015] Optionally, the filter box includes a filter ring and a filter plate. The outer ring of the filter ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity, and the filter plate is slidably connected to the inner ring wall of the filter ring. A plurality of filter holes are spaced apart on the plate surface of the filter plate. The water in the impurities passes through the filter holes and the sliding cavity and enters the inner cavity of the reflux box.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the filter plate is slidably connected to the inner ring wall of the filter ring. The scraper drives the impurities on the surface of the filter net into the inner cavity of the filter ring. The impurities accumulate on the plate surface of the filter plate. A small amount of water carried by the impurities is filtered through the filter holes and flows back into the inner cavity of the reflux box from the sliding cavity, further reducing the waste of water resources, realizing the recycling of water resources, and reflecting the concept of energy conservation.

[0017] Optionally, the collection component further includes a cam, an insert block, a slider, a second elastic member, a third elastic member, and a connecting rod. A chute for the slider to slide is formed on the surface of the filter ring close to the first reciprocating lead screw. The sliding direction of the slider is parallel to the axis of the first reciprocating lead screw. The cam is rotatably connected to the surface of the slider, and the axis of the cam coincides with the axis of the first reciprocating lead screw. The insert block is connected to the end face of the cam facing the first reciprocating lead screw. A slot for the insert block to be inserted is formed on the end face of the first reciprocating lead screw. One end of the second elastic member in the direction of its elastic force is connected to the inner wall of the chute, and the other end in the direction of its elastic force is connected to the surface of the slider. The second elastic member has an elastic force to drive the slider to slide towards the direction close to the chute, and there is a tendency for the insert block to be inserted into the slot. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the plate surface of the filter plate facing the cam, and the other end of the connecting rod faces the cam surface. One end of the third elastic member in the direction of its elastic force is connected to the inner ring wall of the filter ring, and the other end in the direction of its elastic force is connected to the plate surface of the filter plate. The third elastic member has an elastic force to drive the filter plate to slide towards the direction close to the slider, and there is a tendency for the rod surface of the connecting rod to be in rolling contact with the cam surface.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the filter box is inserted into the sliding cavity, the elastic force of the second elastic member drives the slider to slide along the inner wall of the chute towards the direction close to the chute, the insert block is inserted into the slot, and the inner wall of the slot abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the insert block to form a limit, realizing the coaxial fixation of the cam and the first reciprocating lead screw. The elastic force of the third elastic member drives the filter plate to slide along the inner ring wall of the filter ring towards the direction close to the slider, and the rod surface of the connecting rod abuts against the cam surface. The cam has a large end and a small end. The rotation of the first reciprocating lead screw drives the cam to rotate. When the large end of the cam abuts against the rod surface of the connecting rod, it drives the filter plate to slide along the inner ring wall of the filter ring towards the direction close to the slider. When the small end of the cam abuts against the rod surface of the connecting rod, it drives the filter plate to slide along the inner ring wall of the filter ring away from the slider, realizing the back-and-forth sliding of the filter plate on the inner ring wall of the filter ring, pushing the water on the plate surface of the filter plate through the filter holes and the sliding cavity into the inner cavity of the return tank, and accelerating the filtration efficiency of the water in the filter box.

[0019] Optionally, the reflux tank is connected with a cooling component, which includes a reciprocating lead screw two, a check valve one, a check valve two and a cooling piston. A cooling chamber for the rotation of the reciprocating lead screw two is formed in the reflux tank. The axis of the reciprocating lead screw two is parallel to the height direction of the reflux tank. The cooling piston is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the reciprocating lead screw two. The cooling piston slides along the axis of the reciprocating lead screw two on the inner wall of the cooling chamber. The cooling piston divides the cooling chamber into a first cooling section and a second cooling section. An air outlet is formed in the inner wall of the first cooling section close to the inner cavity of the reflux tank. The air outlet communicates the first cooling section with the inner cavity of the reflux tank. The check valve one is connected to the inner wall of the air outlet. The check valve one allows the air in the first cooling section to enter the inner cavity of the reflux tank through the air outlet to impact the water. An air inlet is formed in the inner wall of the first cooling section far from the inner cavity of the reflux tank. The air inlet penetrates through the outer wall of the reflux tank. The check valve two is connected to the inner wall of the air inlet. The check valve two allows the outside air to enter the first cooling section through the air inlet.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the reciprocating lead screw two rotates on the inner wall of the cooling chamber, it drives the cooling piston to slide along the axis of the reciprocating lead screw two on the inner wall of the cooling chamber. When the cooling piston approaches the first cooling section, the air pressure in the first cooling section increases. The air in the first cooling section enters the inner cavity of the reflux tank through the air outlet and the check valve one and impacts the water. The water comes into full contact with the air and conducts heat exchange to realize the cooling of the water. When the cooling piston moves away from the first cooling section, the air pressure in the first cooling section decreases. The outside air enters the first cooling section through the check valve one and the air inlet to realize the directional air supply in the first cooling section.

[0021] Optionally, the cooling component further includes a bevel gear one and a bevel gear two. The end of the reciprocating lead screw two penetrates through the inner wall of the second cooling section and protrudes from the top wall of the reflux tank. The bevel gear one is coaxially connected to the end of the reciprocating lead screw two. The bevel gear two is coaxially connected to one end of the reciprocating lead screw. The bevel gear one meshes with the bevel gear two.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the reciprocating lead screw one rotates on the filter screen surface, the bevel gear one meshes with the bevel gear two, driving the reciprocating lead screw two to rotate on the inner wall of the cooling chamber, eliminating the need for an external power device to drive the rotation of the reciprocating lead screw two, reducing energy loss, and thus reflecting the concept of energy conservation.

[0023] Optionally, the temperature reduction assembly further includes an air duct, a starting block, a check valve three, and a check valve four. A discharge hole is formed in the inner wall of the second temperature reduction section near the first three-jaw chuck, and the discharge hole penetrates through the outer wall of the reflux tank. One end of the air duct is connected to the inner wall of the discharge hole, and the other end of the air duct faces the clamping end of the first three-jaw chuck. A starting cavity for the starting block to slide is formed in the inner wall of the second temperature reduction section. A starting hole is formed in the surface of the starting block facing the discharge hole, and the starting hole penetrates through the outer wall of the starting block and communicates with the second temperature reduction section. The check valve three is connected to the inner wall of the starting hole, and the check valve three allows the air in the second temperature reduction section to pass through the starting hole and the discharge hole and enter the inner cavity of the air duct. An air supply hole is formed in the inner wall of the second temperature reduction section, and the air supply hole penetrates through the outer wall of the reflux tank. The check valve four is connected to the inner wall of the air supply hole, and the check valve four allows the outside air to enter the second temperature reduction section through the air supply hole.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the starting block slides on the inner wall of the starting cavity, and the discharge hole communicates with the starting hole. When the temperature reduction piston slides towards the second temperature reduction section, the air pressure in the second temperature reduction section increases, and the air in the second temperature reduction section passes through the check valve three, the starting hole, and the discharge hole and impacts the clamping end of the first three-jaw chuck from the air duct. The air fully contacts the workpiece at the clamping end of the first three-jaw chuck and conducts heat exchange, realizing the temperature reduction of the workpiece, making it difficult for the workpiece to be deformed during processing at a high temperature for a long time, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece. When the temperature reduction piston slides away from the second temperature reduction section, the air pressure in the second temperature reduction section decreases, and the outside air sequentially passes through the check valve four and the air supply hole and enters the second temperature reduction section, realizing the directional replenishment of the air in the second temperature reduction section.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The setting of the first three-jaw chuck, the second three-jaw chuck, and the sliding seat realizes the limit of both ends of the workpiece in the axial direction. The turret slides towards the workpiece, and the tool on the turret processes the surface of the workpiece. The workpiece is not easily offset due to the tool pressure, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the machine tool for the workpiece. 2. The setting of the spray pipe and the pump body, the water impacts the surface of the workpiece clamped by the clamping end of the first three-jaw chuck, taking away the fine chips generated by the tool processing the workpiece, making it difficult for the fine chips to adhere to the surface of the workpiece and interfere with the tool processing, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece. 3. The setting of the reflux tank, the filter screen, the first reciprocating lead screw, and the scraper, the pump body drives the water in the reflux tank to enter the water inlet end of the spray pipe through the pipeline, realizing the recycling of water resources, reducing the waste of water resources, and thus reflecting the concept of energy conservation. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of a partial structure in an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing a spray assembly.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the return box in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 an enlarged view of part A in

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, machine base; 2, clamping assembly; 21, sliding seat; 22, first three-jaw chuck; 23, second three-jaw chuck; 3, turret; 4, spray assembly; 41, spray pipe; 42, pump body; 5, return assembly; 51, return box; 511, drain hole; 512, sliding cavity; 513, cooling cavity; 5131, first cooling section; 5132, second cooling section; 514, air outlet hole; 515, air inlet hole; 516, discharge hole; 517, starting cavity; 518, blowing hole; 519, air supply hole; 52, filter screen; 53, first reciprocating lead screw; 531, embedding groove; 54, scraper; 55, driving impeller; 56, synchronous pulley; 57, synchronous belt; 6, collection assembly; 61, filter box; 611, filter ring; 6111, sliding groove; 612, filter plate; 6121, filter hole; 62, first elastic member; 63, contact switch; 64, warning lamp; 65, cam; 66, embedding block; 67, slider; 68, second elastic member; 69, third elastic member; 610, connecting rod; 7, cooling assembly; 71, second reciprocating lead screw; 72, first check valve; 73, second check valve; 74, cooling piston; 75, first bevel gear; 76, second bevel gear; 77, air guide pipe; 78, starting block; 781, starting hole; 782, air blowing hole; 79, third check valve; 710, thermal expansion and contraction block; 711, fourth check valve. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] The following further elaborates on the present application in conjunction with the attached Figures 1-4 drawings.

[0032] An embodiment of the present application discloses a machine tool. Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a machine tool includes a machine base 1, a clamping assembly 2 and a turret 3. The bottom of the machine base 1 abuts against the ground to form a support. The clamping assembly 2 is installed on the top surface of the machine base 1. The clamping assembly 2 can clamp both ends of the workpiece in the axial direction to form a limit. The turret 3 is slidably connected to the surface of the machine base 1. The tool on the turret 3 can machine the surface of the workpiece clamped by the clamping assembly 2. During the machining of the workpiece by the tool, the workpiece is not easily offset due to the pressure exerted by the tool, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the machine tool for the workpiece.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the clamping assembly 2 includes a sliding seat 21, a first three-jaw chuck 22 and a second three-jaw chuck 23. The sliding seat 21 is slidably connected to the surface of the machine base 1. The sliding direction of the sliding seat 21 is parallel to the length direction of the machine base 1. The first three-jaw chuck 22 is rotatably connected to the surface of the machine base 1 facing the sliding seat 21. The second three-jaw chuck 23 is rotatably connected to the surface of the sliding seat 21 facing the first three-jaw chuck 22. The axis of the first three-jaw chuck 22 is parallel to the length direction of the machine base 1, and the axis of the first three-jaw chuck 22 coincides with the axis of the second three-jaw chuck 23. The clamping ends of the first three-jaw chuck 22 and the second three-jaw chuck 23 respectively clamp the two ends of the workpiece in the axial direction. The first three-jaw chuck 22 and the second three-jaw chuck 23 provide support for the two ends of the workpiece in the axial direction, so that during the machining of the workpiece by the tool, the workpiece is not easily offset due to the pressure of the tool, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the machine tool for the workpiece.

[0034] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the machine base 1 is equipped with a spraying assembly 4. The spraying assembly 4 can spray water on the workpiece clamped by the clamping end of the first three-jaw chuck 22. The spraying assembly 4 includes a spraying pipe 41 and a pump body 42. The water inlet end of the spraying pipe 41 is fixed on the surface of the machine base 1. The water outlet end of the spraying pipe 41 faces the clamping end of the first three-jaw chuck 22. The pump body 42 is fixed on the surface of the machine base 1 by bolts. The water inlet end of the pump body 42 is fixed on an external water tank through a pipe flange. The water outlet end of the pump body 42 is fixed on the water inlet end of the spraying pipe 41 through a pipe flange. The pump body 42 drives the water in the external water tank to be sprayed from the spraying pipe 41 onto the surface of the workpiece clamped by the clamping end of the first three-jaw chuck 22 through the pipe. The water makes full contact with the workpiece and conducts heat exchange to achieve the cooling of the workpiece, so that the workpiece is not easily deformed due to running at a high temperature for a long time, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece; at the same time, the water takes away the fine chips generated by the machining on the surface of the workpiece, so that the fine chips are not easily adhered to the surface of the workpiece to interfere with the machining of the tool, further improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0035] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, a return flow assembly 5 is installed on the machine base 1. The return flow assembly 5 can realize the reuse of the water sprayed by the spray pipe 41. The return flow assembly 5 includes a return flow box 51, a filter screen 52, a reciprocating lead screw 53, a scraper 54, a transmission impeller 55, at least two synchronous pulleys 56 and a synchronous belt 57 used in cooperation with the synchronous pulleys 56. The return flow box 51 is fixed on the surface of the machine base 1 by bolts. The opening of the return flow box 51 faces the clamping end of the first three-jaw chuck 22. The filter screen 52 is fixed on the inner wall of the opening of the return flow box 51. After the water sprayed by the spray pipe 41 impacts the surface of the workpiece, it enters the surface of the filter screen 52 under the influence of its own gravity. The filter screen 52 screens the water and impurities. The water passes through the filter screen 52 and enters the inner cavity of the return flow box 51. A drain hole 511 is opened on the inner wall of the return flow box 51 near the water inlet end of the pump body 42. The drain hole 511 penetrates the outer wall of the return flow box 51. The inner wall of the drain hole 511 is connected to the water inlet end of the pump body 42 through a pipeline. The pump body 42 drives the water in the return flow box 51 to impact the surface of the workpiece clamped by the clamping end of the first three-jaw chuck 22 through the pipeline from the spray pipe 41, realizing the recycling of water resources, reducing the waste of water resources, and thus reflecting the concept of environmental protection.

[0036] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the reciprocating lead screw 53 is rotatably connected to the surface of the filter screen 52. The axis of the reciprocating lead screw 53 is parallel to the length direction of the machine base 1. The scraper 54 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the reciprocating lead screw 53. The scraper 54 slides back and forth on the surface of the filter screen 52 along the axis of the reciprocating lead screw 53. The scraping end of the scraper 54 abuts against the surface of the filter screen 52 and scrapes the impurities on the surface of the filter screen 52, making it difficult for the impurities to block the surface of the filter screen 52, thereby ensuring the stability of the filter screen 52 for filtering water.

[0037] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the transmission impeller 55 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the return flow box 51 near the drain hole 511. The axis of the transmission impeller 55 is parallel to the axis of the reciprocating lead screw 53. Some blades of the transmission impeller 55 face the drain hole 511. The water in the return flow box 51 impacts the blades of the transmission impeller 55 and enters the drain hole 511. The transmission impeller 55 rotates under the impact of the water in the return flow box 51; one of the synchronous pulleys 56 is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft of the transmission impeller 55, and the other synchronous pulley 56 is coaxially fixed on the end of the reciprocating lead screw 53. The synchronous belt 57 is tensioned and connected to the two synchronous pulleys 56. When the transmission impeller 55 rotates under the impact of the water in the return flow box 51, the synchronous belt 57 is tensioned and connected to the two synchronous pulleys 56, driving the reciprocating lead screw 53 to rotate on the surface of the filter screen 52, eliminating the need for an external power device to drive the rotation of the reciprocating lead screw 53, reducing energy loss, and thus reflecting the concept of energy conservation.

[0038] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, a collection component 6 is installed in the return flow box 51, and the collection component 6 can collect impurities on the surface of the filter screen 52; the collection component 6 includes a filter box 61, a first elastic member 62, a contact switch 63, a warning lamp 64, a cam 65, an insert block 66, a slider 67, a second elastic member 68, a third elastic member 69, and a connecting rod 610. A sliding cavity 512 for the filter box 61 to slide is formed on the top surface of the return flow box 51 close to the second three-jaw chuck 23. The sliding direction of the filter box 61 is parallel to the height direction of the machine base 1. The filter box 61 includes a filter ring 611 and a filter plate 612. The outer wall of the filter ring 611 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity 512, and the filter plate 612 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter ring 611. The sliding direction of the filter plate 612 is parallel to the sliding direction of the filter ring 611. A plurality of filter holes 6121 for water to pass through are spaced on the plate surface of the filter plate 612. The axis of the filter hole 6121 is parallel to the height direction of the machine base 1, and the filter hole 6121 penetrates the plate surface of the filter plate 612 along its own axis. The sliding cavity 512 communicates with the inner cavity of the return flow box 51. The scraping end of the scraper 54 abuts against the surface of the filter screen 52 and drives impurities into the inner cavity of the filter ring 611. The impurities accumulate on the plate surface of the filter plate 612. The water carried by the impurities passes through the filter screen 52 and enters the inner cavity of the return flow box 51 from the sliding cavity 512, further improving the recycling efficiency of water resources and reducing the waste of water resources, thus reflecting the concept of environmental protection.

[0039] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the first elastic member 62 can be a compression spring or a tension spring. In the embodiment of the present application, the first elastic member 62 is a compression spring and has a certain deformation ability. One end in the elastic force direction of the first elastic member 62 is fixed to the bottom of the filter ring 611, and the other end in the elastic force direction of the first elastic member 62 is fixed to the inner wall of the sliding cavity 512. The first elastic member 62 has an elastic force to drive the filter ring 611 to slide along the inner wall of the sliding cavity 512 towards the direction close to the filter screen 52, and there is a tendency for the open end surface of the filter ring 611 to be flush with the end surface of the filter screen 52; the contact switch 63 is connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity 512, the contact switch 63 is located on the side of the filter ring 611 close to the first elastic member 62, and the warning lamp 64 is installed on the top surface of the filter ring 611. The warning lamp 64 is electrically connected to the contact switch 63; the filter plate 612 drives the filter ring 611 to slide along the inner wall of the sliding cavity 512 towards the direction close to the contact switch 63 under the pressure of impurities. The contact switch 63 abuts against the surface of the filter ring 611 and is turned on, and the warning lamp 64 is powered on and emits light, thereby warning the staff to clean the impurities on the plate surface of the filter plate 612 in time. The staff does not need to always check the accumulation of impurities on the plate surface of the filter plate 612, thus improving the simplicity of using the machine tool.

[0040] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, a sliding groove 6111 for the slider 67 to slide is provided on the surface of the filtering ring 611 close to the first reciprocating lead screw 53. The sliding direction of the slider 67 is parallel to the axis of the first reciprocating lead screw 53. The cam 65 is rotatably connected to the end face of the slider 67 facing the first reciprocating lead screw 53. The axis of the cam 65 coincides with the axis of the first reciprocating lead screw 53. The insert block 66 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the cam 65 facing the first reciprocating lead screw 53. An insert groove 531 for the insert block 66 to be inserted into is provided on the end face of the first reciprocating lead screw 53. The second elastic member 68 can be a compression spring or a tension spring. In the embodiment of the present application, the second elastic member 68 is a compression spring and has a certain deformation ability. One end in the direction of the elastic force of the second elastic member 68 is fixed on the inner wall of the sliding groove 6111, and the other end in the direction of the elastic force of the second elastic member 68 is fixed on the surface of the slider 67. The second elastic member 68 has an elastic force to drive the slider 67 to slide in the direction close to the sliding groove 6111, and the tendency for the insert block 66 to be inserted into the sliding groove 6111.

[0041] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , one end of the connecting rod 610 is fixed on the plate surface of the filter plate 612 facing the cam 65, and the other end of the connecting rod 610 faces the cam surface of the cam 65. The third elastic member 69 can be a compression spring or a tension spring. In the embodiment of the present application, the third elastic member 69 is a compression spring and has a certain deformation ability. One end in the direction of the elastic force of the third elastic member 69 is fixed on the inner ring wall of the filtering ring 611, and the other end in the direction of the elastic force of the third elastic member 69 is fixed on the plate surface of the filter plate 612. The third elastic member 69 has an elastic force to drive the filter plate 612 to slide in the direction close to the slider 67, and the tendency for the rod surface of the connecting rod 610 to rollingly contact the cam surface of the cam 65.

[0042] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , when the filtering ring 611 is inserted into the sliding cavity 512, the axis of the first reciprocating lead screw 53 coincides with the axis of the cam 65. The elastic force of the second elastic member 68 drives the slider 67 to slide in the direction close to the sliding groove 6111, and the insert block 66 is inserted into the insert groove 531. The outer wall of the circumferential direction of the insert block 66 abuts against the inner wall of the insert groove 531 to form a limit, realizing the coaxial fixation of the first reciprocating lead screw 53 and the cam 65. The rotation of the first reciprocating lead screw 53 drives the rotation of the cam 65. The cam 65 has a large end and a small end. When the small end of the cam 65 abuts against the rod surface of the connecting rod 610, it drives the filter plate 612 to slide along the inner ring wall of the filtering ring 611 in the direction away from the slider 67. When the large end of the cam 65 abuts against the rod surface of the connecting rod 610, it drives the filter plate 612 to slide along the inner ring wall of the filtering ring 611 in the direction close to the slider 67, realizing the back-and-forth sliding of the filter plate 612 on the inner ring wall of the filtering ring 611, and pushing the water on the plate surface of the filter plate 612 to enter the inner cavity of the return tank 51 through the filter holes 6121 and the sliding cavity 51, accelerating the filtering efficiency of the water in the filter box 61.

[0043] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, a cooling component 7 is installed in the return flow tank 51. The cooling component 7 can cool the water in the return flow tank 51 and the workpiece clamped at the clamping end of the three-jaw chuck 22. The cooling component 7 includes a reciprocating screw rod 71, a check valve 72, a check valve 73, a cooling piston 74, a bevel gear 75, a bevel gear 76, an air duct 77, a starting block 78, a check valve 79, a thermal expansion and contraction block 710, and a check valve 711. The material of the cooling piston 74 can be rubber or silica gel. In the embodiment of the present application, the material of the cooling piston 74 is rubber, which has a certain deformation ability. A cooling cavity 513 for the reciprocating screw rod 71 to rotate is provided in the return flow tank 51. The axis of the reciprocating screw rod 71 is parallel to the height direction of the return flow tank 51. The cooling piston 74 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the reciprocating screw rod 71. The cooling piston 74 divides the cooling cavity 513 into a first cooling section 5131 and a second cooling section 5132. An air outlet hole 514 is provided on the inner wall of the first cooling section 5131 close to the inner wall of the return flow tank 51. The air outlet hole 514 communicates the first cooling section 5131 with the inner cavity of the return flow tank 51. The check valve 72 is installed on the inner wall of the air outlet hole 514. The check valve 72 allows the air in the first cooling section 5131 to enter the inner cavity of the return flow tank 51 through the air outlet hole 514. An air inlet hole 515 is provided on the inner wall of the first cooling section 5131 away from the inner cavity of the return flow tank 51. The air inlet hole 515 communicates the first cooling section 5131 with the outside air. The check valve 73 is installed on the inner wall of the air inlet hole 515. The check valve 73 allows the outside air to enter the first cooling section 5131 through the air inlet hole 515.

[0044] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a discharge hole 516 is provided on the inner wall of the second cooling section 5132 close to the three-jaw chuck. The axis of the discharge hole 516 is parallel to the height direction of the machine base 1. The discharge hole 516 penetrates the top wall of the return flow tank 51 along its own axis. One end of the air duct 77 is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge hole 516. The other end of the air duct 77 faces the clamping section of the three-jaw chuck 22. A starting cavity 517 for the starting block 78 to slide is provided on the inner wall of the second cooling section 5132. The sliding direction of the starting block 78 is parallel to the width direction of the machine base 1. A starting hole 781 is provided on the surface of the starting block 78 facing the discharge hole 516. The axis of the starting hole 781 is parallel to the axis of the discharge hole 516. The starting hole 781 penetrates the outer wall of the starting block 78 along its own axis and communicates with the second cooling section 5132. The check valve 79 is fixed to the inner wall of the starting hole 781 close to the second cooling section 5132. The check valve 79 allows the air in the second cooling section 5132 to enter the starting hole 781.

[0045] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the material of the thermal expansion and contraction block 710 can be nylon or shape memory alloy. In the embodiment of the present application, the material of the thermal expansion and contraction block 710 is shape memory alloy. One end of the thermal expansion and contraction block 710 is fixed to the inner wall of the starting cavity 517, and the other end of the thermal expansion and contraction block 710 is fixed to the surface of the starting block 78. When the thermal expansion and contraction block 710 heats up and expands to drive the starting block 78 to slide towards the discharge hole 516, the starting hole 781 communicates with the second cooling section 5132 and the discharge hole 516. The air in the second cooling section 5132 passes through the check valve three 79, the starting hole 781 and the discharge hole 516 in sequence and impacts the surface of the workpiece clamped by the clamping end of the three-jaw chuck one 22 from the air duct 77. The air makes full contact with the surface of the workpiece and conducts heat exchange to achieve the cooling of the workpiece; a blowing hole 518 is formed in the inner wall of the return box 51 facing the filter screen 52. The axis of the blowing hole 518 is parallel to the length direction of the machine base 1. The blowing hole 518 penetrates through the inner wall of the return box 51 along its own axis and communicates with the second cooling section 5132. A blowing hole 782 is formed in the surface of the starting block 78 facing the blowing hole 518. The blowing hole 782 communicates with the starting hole 781; when the thermal expansion and contraction block 710 cools down and contracts, it drives the starting block 78 to slide along the inner wall of the starting cavity 517 towards the blowing hole 518. The blowing hole 782 communicates with the blowing hole 518. The air in the second cooling section 5132 passes through the check valve three 79, the starting hole 781 and the blowing hole 782 in sequence and is discharged from the blowing hole 518 and impacts the surface of the filter screen 52, driving the impurities to separate from the surface of the filter screen 52, thereby improving the efficiency of cleaning impurities from the filter screen 52.

[0046] Refer to Figure 3 , an air supply hole 519 is formed in the inner wall of the second cooling section 5132 away from the inner cavity of the return box 51. The air supply hole 519 penetrates through the outer wall of the return box 51 along its own axis. The air supply hole 519 communicates with the second cooling section 5132 and the outside air. A check valve four 711 is installed on the inner wall of the air supply hole 519. The check valve four 711 allows the outside air to enter the second cooling section 5132 through the air supply hole 519 to achieve the directional supply of air in the second cooling section 5132.

[0047] Refer to Figure 3, the end of the reciprocating lead screw two 71 penetrates through the inner wall of the cooling section two 5132 and protrudes from the top of the reflux tank 51. The bevel gear one 75 is coaxially fixed at the end of the reciprocating lead screw two 71, and the bevel gear two 76 is coaxially fixed at the end of the reciprocating lead screw one 53. When the reciprocating lead screw one 53 rotates, it drives the reciprocating lead screw two 71 to rotate inside the inner wall of the cooling chamber 513 through the bevel gear one 75 and the bevel gear two 76. There is no need for an external power device to drive the rotation of the reciprocating lead screw two 71, reducing energy loss, thus reflecting the concept of energy conservation. When the cooling piston 74 slides along the axis of the reciprocating lead screw two 71 towards the direction close to the cooling section one 5131, the air pressure in the cooling section one 5131 increases, and the air in the cooling section one 5131 enters the inner cavity of the reflux tank 51 through the one-way valve one 72 and the air outlet hole 514. The air comes into full contact with the water in the reflux tank 51 and conducts heat exchange to achieve the cooling of the water in the reflux tank 51. At the same time, the air pressure in the cooling section two 5132 decreases, and the outside air enters the cooling section two 5132 through the air supply hole 519 and the one-way valve four 711 for the directional supply of air. When the cooling piston 74 slides along the axis of the reciprocating lead screw two 71 towards the direction close to the cooling section two 5132, the air pressure in the cooling section one 5131 decreases, and the outside air enters the cooling section one 5131 through the air inlet hole 515 and the one-way valve two 73 for the directional supply of air in the cooling section one 5131. At the same time, the air pressure in the cooling section two 5132 increases, the air blowing hole 782 communicates with the air blowing hole 518, and the air in the cooling section two 5132 passes through the one-way valve three 79, the starting hole 781 and the air blowing hole 782 in sequence and is discharged from the air blowing hole 518 to impact the surface of the filter screen 52, driving the impurities to break away from the surface of the filter screen 52, thereby improving the efficiency of cleaning impurities on the filter screen 52. When the thermal expansion and contraction block 710 heats up and expands, the starting hole 781 communicates with the cooling section two 5132 and the discharge hole 516, and the air in the cooling section two 5132 passes through the one-way valve three 79, the starting hole 781 and the discharge hole 516 in sequence and impacts the surface of the workpiece clamped by the clamping end of the three-jaw chuck one 22 from the air duct 77. The air comes into full contact with the surface of the workpiece and conducts heat exchange to achieve the cooling of the workpiece.

[0048] The implementation principle of an embodiment of a machine tool in this application is as follows: When machining a workpiece, one end of the workpiece in the axial direction is embedded in the clamping end of the three-jaw chuck two 23, the sliding seat 21 slides along the surface of the machine base 1 towards the direction close to the three-jaw chuck one 22, and the other end of the workpiece in the axial direction is embedded in the clamping end of the three-jaw chuck one 22. The two ends of the workpiece in the axial direction are respectively and correspondingly embedded in the three-jaw chuck one 22 and the three-jaw chuck two 23 to realize the limitation of the two ends of the workpiece in the axial direction. The turret 3 slides towards the direction close to the workpiece, and the cutting tool on the turret 3 processes the surface of the workpiece. The workpiece is not easily deflected by the pressure of the cutting tool, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the machine tool for the workpiece.

[0049] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A machine tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a machine base (1), a clamping assembly (2) and a turret (3); the clamping assembly (2) comprises a sliding seat (21), a three-jaw chuck 1 (22) and a three-jaw chuck 2 (23); the sliding seat (21) is slidably connected to the surface of the machine base (1); the three-jaw chuck 1 (22) is rotatably connected to the surface of the machine base (1) facing the sliding seat (21); the three-jaw chuck 2 (23) is rotatably connected to the surface of the sliding seat (21) facing the three-jaw chuck 1 (22); the rotation axis of the three-jaw chuck 1 (22) and the rotation axis of the three-jaw chuck 2 (23) coincide; the three-jaw chuck 1 (22) and the three-jaw chuck 2 (23) clamp the two ends of the workpiece axis direction in a one-to-one correspondence; the turret (3) is slidably connected to the surface of the machine base (1); and the tool on the turret (3) can process the workpiece clamped by the three-jaw chuck 1 (22) and the three-jaw chuck 2 (23).

2. A machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine base (1) is connected to a spray assembly (4), the spray assembly (4) comprising a spray pipe (41) and a pump body (42), the spray pipe (41) being connected to a surface of the machine base (1) facing the three-jaw chuck (22), the water outlet end of the spray pipe (41) facing the clamping end of the three-jaw chuck (22), the water outlet end of the pump body (42) being connected to the water inlet end of the spray pipe (41) via a pipeline, and the water inlet end of the pump body (42) being connected to an external water tank via a pipeline.

3. A machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The machine base (1) is connected to a reflux assembly (5), the reflux assembly (5) comprising a reflux box (51), a filter screen (52), a reciprocating screw rod (53) and a scraper (54); the reflux box (51) is connected to the surface of the machine base (1); the opening of the reflux box (51) faces the clamping end of the three-jaw chuck (22); the filter screen (52) is connected to the box opening of the reflux box (51); water sprayed from the spray pipe (41) passes through the filter screen (52) and then enters the inner cavity of the reflux box (51); the reflux box (51) is connected to the water inlet end of the pump body (42) through a pipeline; the reciprocating screw rod (53) is rotatably connected to the surface of the filter screen (52); the scraper (54) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the reciprocating screw rod (53); the scraping end of the scraper (54) is pressed against the surface of the filter screen (52) and scrapes impurities on the surface of the filter screen (52).

4. A machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the reflux box (51) is provided with a drainage hole (511), and the inner wall of the drainage hole (511) is connected to the water inlet end of the pump body (42) through a pipeline. The reflux assembly (5) also includes a transmission impeller (55), at least two synchronous wheels (56) and a synchronous belt (57) used in conjunction with the synchronous wheel (56). The transmission impeller (55) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the reflux box (51), and some blades of the transmission impeller (55) face the drainage hole (511). Water in the reflux box (51) impacts the blades of the transmission impeller (55) and is discharged from the drainage hole (511). The axis of the transmission impeller (55) is parallel to the axis of the reciprocating screw rod (53). One of the synchronous wheels (56) is coaxially connected to the rotation axis of the transmission impeller (55), and the other synchronous wheel (56) is coaxially connected to the end of the reciprocating screw rod (53). The synchronous belt (57) is tensioned to connect the two synchronous wheels (56).

5. A machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reflux box (51) is connected to a collecting assembly (6), and the collecting assembly (6) comprises a filter box (61), an elastic member (62), a contact switch (63) and a warning light (64). The inner wall of the reflux box (51) is provided with a sliding cavity (512) for the filter box (61) to slide. The sliding direction of the filter box (61) and the height direction of the reflux box (51) are parallel to each other. The sliding cavity (512) is connected to the inner cavity of the reflux box (51). One end of the elastic member (62) in the elastic force direction is connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity (512), and the other end of the elastic member (62) in the elastic force direction is connected to the surface of the filter box (61). The elastic member (62) has The elastic force drives the filter box (61) to slide in a direction away from the sliding cavity (512), and the end surface of the filter box (61) tends to be flush with the surface of the filter screen (52). The scraping end of the scraper (54) drives the impurities on the surface of the filter screen (52) to enter the filter box (61). The contact switch (63) is connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity (512), and the warning light (64) is connected to the surface of the filter box (61). The warning light (64) is electrically connected to the contact switch (63). When the filter box (61) slides in a direction close to the contact switch (63) due to the pressure of impurities, the contact switch (63) abuts against the filter box (61) and is turned on, and the warning light (64) is energized and emits light.

6. A machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter box (61) comprises a filter ring (611) and a filter plate (612); the outer ring of the filter ring (611) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity (512); the filter plate (612) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter ring (611); a plurality of filter holes (6121) are arranged at intervals on the surface of the filter plate (612); water in the impurities enters the inner cavity of the reflux box (51) through the filter holes (6121) and the sliding cavity (512).

7. A machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The collecting assembly (6) further comprises a cam (65), an insert (66), a slider (67), an elastic member 2 (68), an elastic member 3 (69) and a connecting rod (610); a surface of the filter ring (611) close to the reciprocating screw rod 1 (53) is provided with a slide groove (6111) for the slider (67) to slide; the sliding direction of the slider (67) and the axis of the reciprocating screw rod 1 (53) are parallel to each other; the cam (65) is rotatably connected to the surface of the slider (67); the axis of the cam (65) and the axis of the reciprocating screw rod 1 (53) coincide with each other; the insert (66) is connected to the end face of the cam (65) facing the reciprocating screw rod 1 (53); the end face of the reciprocating screw rod 1 (53) is provided with an insert groove (531) for the insert (66) to be embedded; one end of the elastic member 2 (68) in the elastic force direction is connected to the inner wall of the slide groove (6111); The other end of the elastic member 2 (68) in the elastic force direction is connected to the surface of the slider (67), and the elastic member 2 (68) has the elastic force to drive the slider (67) to slide in the direction close to the slide groove (6111), and the insert (66) has the tendency to be embedded in the insert groove (531). One end of the connecting rod (610) is connected to the plate surface of the filter plate (612) facing the cam (65), and the other end of the connecting rod (610) faces the wheel surface of the cam (65). One end of the elastic member 3 (69) in the elastic force direction is connected to the inner ring wall of the filter ring (611), and the other end of the elastic member 3 (69) in the elastic force direction is connected to the plate surface of the filter plate (612). The elastic member 3 (69) has the elastic force to drive the filter plate (612) to slide in the direction close to the slider (67), and the rod surface of the connecting rod (610) has the tendency to be in rolling contact with the wheel surface of the cam (65).

8. A machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The return box (51) is connected to a cooling component (7), the cooling component (7) comprising a reciprocating screw rod (71), a one-way valve (72), a one-way valve (73) and a cooling piston (74). A cooling chamber (513) for the reciprocating screw rod (71) to rotate is provided in the return box (51). The axis of the reciprocating screw rod (71) and the height direction of the return box (51) are parallel to each other. The cooling piston (74) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the reciprocating screw rod (71). The cooling piston (74) slides on the inner wall of the cooling chamber (513) along the axis of the reciprocating screw rod (71). The cooling piston (74) divides the cooling chamber (513) into a first cooling section (5131) and a second cooling section (5132). The first cooling section (5131) is close to the cooling section (5132). An air outlet (514) is provided on the inner wall of the inner cavity of the return box (51), and the air outlet (514) is connected to the cooling section 1 (5131) and the inner cavity of the return box (51). The one-way valve 1 (72) is connected to the inner wall of the air outlet (514), and the one-way valve 1 (72) allows the air in the cooling section 1 (5131) to enter the inner cavity of the return box (51) through the air outlet (514) to impact the water. An air inlet (515) is provided on the inner wall of the cooling section 1 (5131) away from the inner cavity of the return box (51), and the air inlet (515) penetrates the outer wall of the return box (51). The one-way valve 2 (73) is connected to the inner wall of the air inlet (515), and the one-way valve 2 (73) allows the outside air to enter the cooling section 1 (5131) through the air inlet (515).

9. A machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cooling component (7) further comprises a bevel gear 1 (75) and a bevel gear 2 (76); the end of the reciprocating screw rod 2 (71) passes through the inner wall of the cooling section 2 (5132) and protrudes from the top wall of the return box (51); the bevel gear 1 (75) is coaxially connected to the end of the reciprocating screw rod 2 (71); the bevel gear 2 (76) is coaxially connected to the end of the reciprocating screw rod 1 (53); and the bevel gear 1 (75) meshes with the bevel gear 2 (76).

10. A machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cooling component (7) further comprises an air guide pipe (77), a start block (78), a check valve three (79) and a check valve four (711); a discharge hole (516) is provided on the inner wall of the cooling section two (5132) close to the three-jaw chuck one (22); the discharge hole (516) penetrates the outer wall of the return box (51); one end of the air guide pipe (77) is connected to the inner wall of the discharge hole (516); the other end of the air guide pipe (77) faces the clamping end of the three-jaw chuck one (22); a start cavity (517) for the start block (78) to slide is provided on the inner wall of the cooling section two (5132); a start hole (781) is provided on the surface of the start block (78) facing the discharge hole (516) The starting hole (781) passes through the outer wall of the starting block (78) and is connected to the second cooling section (5132). The one-way valve (79) is connected to the inner wall of the starting hole (781). The one-way valve (79) allows the air in the second cooling section (5132) to pass through the starting hole (781) and the discharge hole (516) and enter the inner cavity of the air guide pipe (77). The inner wall of the second cooling section (5132) is provided with an air supply hole (519). The air supply hole (519) passes through the outer wall of the return box (51). The one-way valve (711) is connected to the inner wall of the air supply hole (519). The one-way valve (711) allows the outside air to pass through the air supply hole (519) and enter the second cooling section (5132).

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