An acid mist containment system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to pickling equipment technical field, specifically to a kind of acid mist closed system and method, system includes frame type sealing structure, frame type sealing structure has pickling channel, along the side wall of frame type sealing structure is provided sealable inlet and outlet, along the width direction of pickling channel parallelly arranged pickling tank and rinsing tank, support frame is provided with walking frame between, walking frame one side is equipped with the first motor for walking, walking frame top is equipped with winch, winch power end is provided with second motor, the free end of the traction rope of winch is provided with lifting assembly;By entering gas into vibration type liquid injection assembly, both in liquid and in gas two kinds of working conditions have excellent performance, vibration effect promotes treatment liquid to infiltrate inside complex structure, high-speed airflow and vibration synergistic effect, rapidly strip workpiece surface liquid, prevent cross contamination;Using compressed gas drive instead of mechanical equipment, eliminate corrosive liquid to mechanical equipment damage risk, realize closed loop circulation purification of liquid in tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pickling equipment technology, and specifically to an acid mist sealing system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Metal surface treatment is an indispensable process in manufacturing, widely used in the automotive, aerospace, electronics, and machinery industries. Pickling, as a primary method for removing oxide scale, rust, and dirt from metal surfaces, plays a crucial role in improving product quality and performance. Traditional open-type pickling processes typically employ an immersion method, directly submerging the workpiece in the pickling tank. This method not only generates large amounts of acid fumes released into the workshop environment, causing air pollution and equipment corrosion, but also poses a serious threat to worker health, leading to an increased incidence of occupational diseases. Furthermore, simple immersion pickling is inefficient and produces uneven treatment, failing to meet the demands of modern manufacturing for high-quality, high-efficiency production.

[0003] Chinese patent document (publication number: CN113774394B) discloses a closed pickling system, including a closed working chamber, material conveying equipment, and an integrated pickling tank. The integrated pickling tank includes an immersion pickling tank, a rinsing tank, a spray pickling tank, and a rinsing tank. The material conveying equipment includes two tracks on both sides of the integrated pickling tank, a lifting device that can travel on the tracks, and a mounting frame on the lifting device. The mounting frame is used to install the workpiece to be pickled, and the mounting frame enters the immersion pickling tank, rinsing tank, spray pickling tank, and rinsing tank through an opening. The integrated pickling tank is arranged with the immersion pickling tank, rinsing tank, spray pickling tank, and rinsing tank arranged in sequence, which can perform multiple processes such as immersion pickling, rinsing, spray pickling, and rinsing in one go. The order of the multiple processes can be adjusted as needed, and the number of processes can be increased or decreased. It is suitable for different process requirements of different workpieces, has high applicability, and a wider range of applications.

[0004] In existing technologies, increasing the contact area between the workpiece and fresh acid solution by stirring or pumping during pickling can easily lead to equipment corrosion and high costs. Pickling tanks can also accumulate various other impurities during use, which can slow down the pickling effect. Furthermore, during pickling, liquid from the previous process enters the next process tank along with the workpiece, causing cross-contamination, reducing the number of times the tank solution can be used, and increasing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an acid mist sealing system and method. High-pressure gas is introduced into a vibrating spray assembly, which exhibits excellent performance in both liquid and gas environments. In liquid mode, it generates a high-energy gas-liquid mixed pulse flow, with microbubbles bursting to form "shock waves" that effectively remove stubborn dirt. The vibration promotes the penetration of the treatment liquid into complex structures, solving the traditional "dead zone" problem. In gas mode, the system automatically switches modes, with high-speed airflow and vibration working synergistically to rapidly remove liquid from the workpiece surface, preventing cross-contamination. Using compressed gas instead of traditional mechanical equipment creates negative pressure to draw in the treatment liquid, eliminating the risk of damage to mechanical equipment from corrosive liquids. Simultaneously, it achieves closed-loop circulation and purification of the liquid within the tank, ensuring treatment quality and environmental benefits.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An acid mist sealing system includes a frame-type sealing structure with an acid pickling channel. Sealable inlet and outlet ports are provided along the sidewalls of the frame-type sealing structure. A number of acid pickling tanks and rinsing tanks, determined according to production capacity requirements, are arranged side-by-side along the width of the acid pickling channel. Support frames are fixed on both sides along the length of the frame-type sealing structure. A traveling frame is installed between the support frames. A first motor for movement is installed on one side of the traveling frame. A winch is installed on the top of the traveling frame. A second motor is installed at the power end of the winch. A lifting assembly is installed at the free end of the winch's traction rope. A detachable workpiece basket is installed on the lifting assembly, and a vibrating spraying assembly is installed on the workpiece basket.

[0008] Preferably, the frame-type sealing structure includes an outer frame body made of acid-resistant steel frame or acid-resistant alloy material, the frame body is a closed structure on all four sides, and a working chamber is formed inside the frame; at least one side of the frame body is provided with a transparent observation window, and a sealable inlet and outlet are respectively provided on a pair of opposite side walls of the frame body.

[0009] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a lifting rod and a support plate fixedly spaced vertically. The two sides of the traveling frame extend downward to form guide columns, and grooves are formed on the opposite sides of the two guide columns. The top of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to the traction rope of the winch, and both ends of the lifting rod are slidably installed in the grooves. The guide column has a hollow cavity structure, and an air supply pipe passes through the hollow cavity. The grooves are deepened to form vertical grooves that communicate with the hollow cavity of the guide column. The top of the support plate is provided with a positioning block and a gas connection pipe, which is connected to the air supply pipe in the guide column.

[0010] Preferably, L-shaped plates and support plates are symmetrically fixed to the top of both sides of the workpiece basket. The horizontal plate of the L-shaped plate is located in the direction away from the workpiece basket, and support plates are fixed at intervals below the horizontal plate of the L-shaped plate. The bottom end of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped plate is provided with a positioning groove corresponding to the positioning block, and a gas docking hole corresponding to the gas docking pipe is also provided.

[0011] Preferably, the support frame of the workpiece basket is a hollow cavity, and a vibratory spraying assembly is installed inside the hollow cavity. The vibratory spraying assembly includes an array of spraying units, a merging unit, and a filtering unit connected in series. The merging unit has a three-way interface structure. One end of the merging unit is connected to the spraying unit, the other end of the merging unit is connected to the filtering unit through a merging pipe, and the third end of the merging unit is connected to a gas connection hole through a gas pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the merging unit includes four chamber structures fixedly connected in sequence: a receiving chamber, a compression chamber, a mixing chamber, and a diffusion chamber. An air inlet pipe is fixed at the end of the receiving chamber away from the compression chamber. The air inlet pipe extends into the interior of the receiving chamber and is close to the compression chamber. The end of the air inlet pipe is configured as an inverted cone-shaped nozzle. A merging inlet is provided on the side wall of the receiving chamber. The merging inlet is perpendicular to the air inlet pipe and is spaced apart from the nozzle.

[0013] Preferably, the spraying unit includes a spraying structure body located within the support frame of the workpiece basket. The spraying structure body has a first cavity and a second cavity arranged adjacent to each other inside. The first cavity is connected to a diffusion chamber. A spraying channel is opened on the second cavity facing inwards towards the workpiece basket. A partition plate passing through the two cavities along the spraying channel forms a through hole. A ring plate is fixed in the spraying channel. A guide port is opened on the outer periphery of the ring plate. A plunger rod slides through the ring plate. A plunger is fixed at the end of the plunger rod away from the ring plate. The plunger and the through hole of the partition plate are fitted together to form a seal. Several guide holes are opened on the plunger. A guide rod is provided on the side of the plunger. The guide rod is slidably installed in the second cavity. A first spring, a slip ring, and a second spring are sequentially sleeved on the plunger rod.

[0014] Preferably, the filtering unit includes a third cavity located within the support frame of the workpiece basket. One side of the third cavity is connected to an inlet pipe. The bottom of the third cavity is provided with a threaded opening. A filter screen is installed inside the opening. A cap with a threaded head is adapted to be provided at the threaded opening. A one-way valve is provided on the cap.

[0015] Preferably, the workpiece basket is made of acid and alkali resistant non-metallic material, and the basket body has a mesh structure to facilitate liquid flow; the top of the workpiece basket is provided with a detachable splash guard.

[0016] The method for pickling workpieces using the aforementioned acid mist sealing system includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. The workpiece basket loaded with workpieces is entered through the feed port on the side wall of the frame-type sealed structure by a trailer, placed within the operating range of the walking frame, and the feed port is closed.

[0018] S2. Remote control of the first motor drives the walking frame to move to the side of the workpiece basket. Start the second motor to drive the winch to lower the traction rope, lower the lifting rod and the pallet, and make the pallet vertically between the support plate and the L-shaped plate. Then control the first motor to move the pallet horizontally to below the L-shaped plate. Subsequently, control the second motor to rotate the winch in the opposite direction to raise the traction rope, raise the lifting rod and the pallet, and the positioning block enters the positioning slot. At the same time, the gas connection pipe is inserted into the gas docking hole to fix the workpiece basket, the pallet and the lifting rod, and complete the gas connection.

[0019] S3. Control the first motor to drive the walking frame to move the workpiece basket above the pickling tank, start the second motor to slowly lower the lifting rod and pallet through the winch, so that the workpiece basket is immersed in the pickling tank;

[0020] S4. Turn on the external air source and supply high-pressure gas to the vibrating spray assembly through the air supply pipe in the guide column. The gas enters the receiving chamber of the merging unit, forms a negative pressure chamber, draws in the liquid in the tank, forms a gas-liquid mixture, and then enters the spray unit to filter impurities.

[0021] S5. The gas-liquid mixture flows into the first cavity. The fluid pressure acts on the plunger, pushing it forward and generating a high-speed jet. The movement of the plunger compresses the first spring. Dynamic balance creates continuous reciprocating vibration of the plunger, promoting the cleaning of the workpiece surface.

[0022] S6. After completing step S5, control the second motor to lift the workpiece basket above the liquid surface, while maintaining the supply of high-pressure gas, so that the vibrating spraying component switches to the working mode in the air, forming a high-speed airflow that sprays out from the spraying unit to purify the workpiece liquid.

[0023] S7. Control the first motor to move the workpiece basket above the rinsing tank, start the second motor to lower the lifting assembly, so that the workpiece basket is immersed in the rinsing tank, and repeat steps S4-S6.

[0024] S8. After completing step S7, control the first motor to move the walking frame to the discharge port position, release the lock between the workpiece basket and the lifting assembly, open the discharge port, and take out the workpiece basket.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. In this invention, the vibrating spray assembly achieves excellent performance of the same mechanical structure under two completely different working conditions in liquid and gas, integrating efficient cleaning, uniform treatment, rapid liquid removal, and prevention of cross-contamination.

[0027] Specifically, when the workpiece basket is immersed in the bath solution, the vibrating spray component forms a high-energy gas-liquid mixed pulse flow, which ensures full contact between the treatment liquid and the metal surface. When the microbubbles in the mixed flow impact the workpiece surface, they burst, generating local microscopic "shock waves." This physical action can effectively remove stubborn oxide scale and dirt. The vibration keeps the workpiece in a dynamic state, which not only accelerates the removal of reaction products but also promotes the penetration of the treatment liquid into complex structures such as blind holes and slits, solving the "dead zone" problem of traditional processes.

[0028] When the workpiece basket is raised above the liquid in the tank, the same spraying system automatically switches to air-based operation mode: at this time, the inlet pipe first discharges the liquid in the pipe, and then draws in gas. The resulting high-speed airflow mixture is sprayed out from the spraying unit and acts directly on the workpiece surface. The high-speed airflow can quickly peel off the liquid film and droplets on the workpiece surface. At the same time, the high-frequency vibration of the plunger is transmitted to the workpiece basket through a mechanical connection, causing the workpiece to resonate. This vibration can effectively break the surface tension and "shake" the liquid out from the microscopic unevenness. The synergistic effect of airflow and vibration significantly increases the liquid removal rate, especially for complex-shaped workpieces, such as threaded holes and internal grooves, which are traditionally difficult to handle. It effectively prevents cross-contamination between different treatment liquids, ensures the processing quality and consistency of each process, and at the same time, this efficient liquid removal technology significantly reduces liquid loss and also reduces the environmental burden.

[0029] 2. In this invention, compressed gas is introduced into the system to further pickle the workpiece and simultaneously circulate and purify the liquid in the tank. Throughout the entire process, the use of traditional mechanical power equipment such as electric pumps and agitators is completely avoided, fundamentally eliminating the risk of damage to mechanical equipment by acidic or corrosive treatment solutions.

[0030] Specifically, the high-pressure airflow rapidly enters the inlet unit, creating a strong negative pressure zone around the inlet pipe. This negative pressure allows the inlet pipe to efficiently draw in the treatment liquid from the bottom of the treatment tank without the assistance of any mechanical pump. The drawn-in liquid and the introduced high-pressure gas are fully mixed in the mixing chamber to form a high-energy gas-liquid mixture. The mixed fluid quickly reaches the spraying unit along the liquid guide pipe. The kinetic energy of the mixed fluid pushes the plunger forward to overcome the combined resistance of the two springs. When it reaches the critical position, the plunger instantly opens the spraying channel, and the mixed fluid is sprayed out of the nozzle at high speed. After the plunger moves forward, the pressure in the system drops sharply, and the spring reset force drives the plunger and plunger rod to retract rapidly, closing the spraying channel. This high-frequency reciprocating motion creates vibration, which is beneficial for removing impurities or liquid from the surface of the workpiece. Moreover, this pneumatic drive system forms a complete closed-loop liquid circulation in the tank: the treatment liquid is drawn in from the bottom of the tank, sprayed out through the spraying unit, acts on the surface of the workpiece, and then falls back into the tank, forming a continuous liquid circulation. During this circulation process, the filter screen in the filtration unit efficiently intercepts and collects impurities in the treatment liquid, ensuring the cleanliness of the circulating liquid. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal overall structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the mating structure of the L-shaped plate and the support plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the spraying unit and the merging unit inside one side of the workpiece basket of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the spraying unit, the inflow unit, and the filtration unit of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the spraying unit and the inflow unit of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal main structure and fitting relationship of the spraying unit of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the filter unit of the present invention;

[0039] In the diagram: External frame body - 11; Transparent observation window - 12; Pre-wash tank - 13; Pickling tank - 14; Rinse tank - 15; Support frame - 16; Guide column - 17; Workpiece basket - 18; First motor - 19; Second motor - 20; Winch - 21; Traction rope - 22; Slide rail - 23; Lifting rod - 24; Pallet - 25; Support block - 26; Support plate - 27; L-shaped plate - 28; Spraying unit - 29; Positioning slot - 30; Gas connection pipe - 31; Gas docking hole - 32; Inlet unit - 33; Gas pipe - 3 4; Inlet pipe - 35; Filter unit - 36; Receiving chamber - 37; Compressed chamber - 38; Mixing chamber - 39; Diffusion chamber - 40; Air inlet pipe - 41; Nozzle - 42; Inlet port - 43; Liquid spraying structure body - 44; First chamber - 45; Second chamber - 46; Plunger - 47; Guide hole - 48; First spring - 49; Slip ring - 50; Second spring - 51; Ring plate - 52; Plunger rod - 53; Filter screen - 54; Cap - 55; One-way valve - 56; Threaded head - 57; Positioning block - 58; Third chamber - 59. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

[0041] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] like Figures 1-8 As shown, an acid mist sealing system includes a frame-type sealing structure with an acid pickling channel. Sealable inlet and outlet ports are provided along the sidewalls of the frame-type sealing structure. A number of acid pickling tanks 14 and rinsing tanks 15, determined according to production capacity requirements, are arranged side-by-side along the width of the acid pickling channel. Support frames 16 are fixed on both sides along the length of the frame-type sealing structure. A traveling frame is arranged between the support frames 16. A first motor 19 for movement is installed on one side of the traveling frame. A winch 21 is installed on the top of the traveling frame. A second motor 20 is installed at the power end of the winch 21. A lifting assembly is installed at the free end of the winch 21's traction rope 22. A detachable workpiece basket 18 is installed on the lifting assembly, and a vibrating spraying assembly is installed on the workpiece basket 18.

[0043] A pre-wash tank can also be set up on one side of the pickling tank 14. The pre-wash tank 13 is mainly used for preliminary cleaning of the workpieces to remove impurities such as oil, dust, and loose oxides from the workpiece surface, preparing it for the subsequent pickling process. By removing contaminants from the workpiece surface through pre-washing, the chance of these contaminants entering the pickling tank 14 can be reduced, thereby extending the service life of the pickling solution and reducing acid consumption and replacement frequency. The surface of the workpiece after pre-washing is cleaner, which is conducive to the direct contact reaction between the acid solution and the metal surface, improving pickling efficiency and pickling quality.

[0044] Support blocks 26 are provided at both ends of the pre-washing tank 13, pickling tank 14 and rinsing tank 15. Support plates 27 at the top of both ends of the workpiece basket 18 are placed on the support blocks 26. The support blocks 26 are used to support the workpiece basket 18 during placement.

[0045] The equipment and components of this system are exposed to acid mist or immersed in acidic liquid; therefore, the equipment and components are made of acid-resistant materials, such as:

[0046] Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE): It has excellent chemical resistance and high temperature resistance, and is resistant to most acids, alkalis and solvents;

[0047] Titanium alloys: Titanium and its alloys have good corrosion resistance, especially in strong acid environments;

[0048] Stainless steel: Certain types of stainless steel (such as 316L, 904L, etc.) perform well in resisting strong acids, especially in sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid environments, and are suitable for some weak acids and oxidizing acids.

[0049] Glass and ceramic materials, especially chemical glass and high-temperature ceramics, can withstand a variety of acids;

[0050] Hastelloy: This is a nickel-based alloy with excellent corrosion resistance, especially in strong acid and high temperature environments;

[0051] Zirconium alloys: Zirconium and its alloys have excellent corrosion resistance in strong acid environments, especially in hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid environments.

[0052] The choice of acid-resistant materials depends on the specific application environment and the required corrosion resistance.

[0053] The pickling of workpieces is carried out in the closed environment of the present invention. The number of pre-wash tank 13, pickling tank 14 and rinsing tank 15 can be set according to production needs, so that the system can better adapt to the production needs of different scales and provide users with higher cost-effectiveness and production efficiency.

[0054] In this invention, an external air supply source is provided, which is connected to the walking frame via a hose and communicates with the air pipe. The gas introduced can be air or an inert gas, preferably an inert gas.

[0055] Sealable inlet and outlet ports are provided along the side wall of the frame-type sealing structure, or they can be provided opposite to each other on both sides for the entry and exit of workpieces. After the entry and exit are completed, the inlet and outlet ports are closed to reduce the overflow of acid mist.

[0056] A transparent observation window 12 is set up to observe the position and soaking status of the workpiece basket in the pickling tank and rinsing tank. The walking frame is operated remotely from the outside to avoid workers being in the acid mist environment for a long time and reduce health hazards.

[0057] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2Based on this, the length of the support frame 16 can be increased so that other workpiece baskets and workpieces can be placed on the ground under the walking frame, which is conducive to rapid multi-step operation and also allows workers to operate outside the acid mist environment, reducing the time workers spend in the acid mist environment.

[0058] Furthermore, the frame-type sealing structure includes an outer frame body 11 made of acid-resistant steel frame or acid-resistant alloy material. The frame body 11 is a closed structure on all four sides, and a working chamber is formed inside the frame. At least one side of the frame body is provided with a transparent observation window 12, and a sealable inlet and outlet are respectively provided on a pair of opposite side walls of the frame body 11.

[0059] See Figure 1 The frame body 11 has a transparent observation window 12 on at least one side. This design allows operators to monitor the internal pickling process in real time without opening the system, observing the position and immersion status of the workpiece basket 18 in the pickling tank 14 and rinsing tank 15, as well as the operation of the vibrating spray assembly. The transparent observation window 12 is made of acid-resistant material, ensuring observation effectiveness without affecting the system's sealing and corrosion resistance. A pair of opposite side walls of the frame body 11 are respectively provided with a sealable inlet and outlet. This symmetrical arrangement facilitates the assembly line processing of workpieces. Workpieces can enter through the inlet, pass through the pre-washing tank 13, pickling tank 14, and rinsing tank 15, and then exit through the outlet, forming a continuous and efficient production process. Both the inlet and outlet employ a special sealing structure design to ensure that acid mist leakage is minimized during opening and closing. When not in use, they can be completely sealed to effectively prevent acid mist leakage.

[0060] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a lifting rod 24 and a support plate 25 fixedly arranged at intervals. The two sides of the traveling frame extend downward to form guide columns 17, and the opposite sides of the two guide columns 17 are provided with sliding grooves 23. The top of the lifting rod 24 is fixedly connected to the traction rope 22 of the winch 21, and both ends of the lifting rod 24 are slidably installed in the sliding grooves 23. The guide column 17 has a hollow cavity structure, and an air supply pipe passes through the hollow cavity. The sliding groove 23 is deepened and has a vertical groove that communicates with the hollow cavity of the guide column 17. The top of the support plate 25 is provided with a positioning block 58 and a gas connection pipe 31, and the gas connection pipe 31 is connected to the air supply pipe in the guide column 17.

[0061] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 This design ensures that the lifting assembly remains stable during vertical movement, preventing lateral swaying or tilting, and ensuring that the workpiece basket 18 will not collide or overturn during immersion in and removal from the pickling tank 14 or rinsing tank 15; traction ropes can also be configured at both ends of the lifting rod 24 to facilitate stable ascent and descent.

[0062] The guide post 17 adopts a hollow cavity structure design, and an air supply pipe is installed inside the hollow cavity to provide an air source for the merging unit 33. The slide groove 23 is deepened and has vertical grooves, which are connected to the hollow cavity of the guide post 17 to provide a moving channel for the air supply pipe.

[0063] Before the traveling frame lifts the workpiece basket 18, the workpiece basket needs to be locked. When locking, firstly, the second motor 20 on the traveling frame is started to control the winch 21 to rotate, and the traction rope 22 is lowered to lower the lifting rod 24 and the pallet 25 together, so that the pallet 25 is vertically positioned between the support plate 27 and the L-shaped plate 28; then, the first motor 19 is controlled to drive the traveling frame to move horizontally, so that the pallet 25 is positioned directly below the L-shaped plate 28; then, the second motor 20 is controlled to drive the winch 21 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the traction rope 22 is pulled up to raise the lifting rod 24 and the pallet 25 together, so that the positioning block 58 on the pallet 25 moves into the positioning slot 30. At the same time, the gas connection pipe 31 is inserted into the gas connection hole 32 to fix the workpiece basket 18, the pallet 25 and the lifting rod 24, and to complete the gas connection between the external gas source and the gas inlet unit on the workpiece basket 18.

[0064] It should be noted that the connection between the gas connecting pipe 31 and the gas docking hole 32 adopts a docking sealing structure, which ensures that the gas path always remains connected under the gravity of the workpiece basket 18.

[0065] The height of the positioning block 58 is higher than the height of the gas connection pipe 31, which helps to protect the gas connection pipe 31 from damage; the positioning groove 30 is provided with a flared structure, which facilitates the insertion of the positioning block 58, and can also be equipped with a distance sensor to further ensure rapid docking and fixation.

[0066] Furthermore, L-shaped plates 28 and support plates 27 are symmetrically fixed to the top of both sides of the workpiece basket 18. The horizontal plate of the L-shaped plate 28 is located in the direction away from the workpiece basket 18, and the support plates 27 are fixed at intervals below the horizontal plate of the L-shaped plate 28. The bottom end of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped plate 28 is provided with a positioning groove 30 corresponding to the positioning block 58, and a gas docking hole 32 corresponding to the gas docking pipe 31 is also provided.

[0067] See Figure 3The workpiece basket 18 has several advantages in its structural design: First, the symmetrical design of the L-shaped plate 28 and the support plate 27 ensures the balance of the workpiece basket 18 during the lifting process, preventing tilting and shaking, and ensuring the safety of the workpiece and acid. Second, the flared design of the positioning groove 30 increases the tolerance range for docking, improving the reliability and efficiency of automated operation. Third, the precise docking design of the gas docking hole 32 and the gas docking pipe 31 ensures the stable connection of the gas system, providing a reliable gas source for the merging unit 33. Fourth, the spacing design between the L-shaped plate 28 and the support plate 27 provides an ideal insertion space for the pallet 25, making the entire locking mechanism more compact and reliable. Fifth, the overall design of the workpiece basket 18, together with the merging unit, the spraying unit, and the lifting assembly, forms a complete functional unit, working together to achieve efficient pickling treatment.

[0068] Furthermore, the support frame of the workpiece basket 18 is a hollow cavity, and a vibratory spraying assembly is installed inside the hollow cavity. The vibratory spraying assembly includes an array of spraying units 29, a collection unit 33, and a filter unit 36 ​​connected in series. The collection unit 33 has a three-way interface structure. One end of the collection unit 33 is connected to the spraying unit, the other end of the collection unit 33 is connected to the filter unit 36 ​​through a collection pipe 35, and the third end of the collection unit 33 is connected to the gas docking hole 32 through a gas pipe 34.

[0069] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates the positional relationship between the spray unit and the inlet unit inside one side of the workpiece basket 18, which is symmetrically arranged on both sides. Two filter units 36 and inlet pipes 35 are respectively installed at the bottom of both ends of the workpiece basket 18; two air pipes 34 are respectively installed at the top of both ends of the workpiece basket 18 to supply air to the inlet unit 33. The air pipes 34 and inlet pipes 35 at both ends are connected to the adjacent spray unit 29 and inlet unit 33, respectively, to stabilize the internal pressure.

[0070] Furthermore, the merging unit 33 includes four chamber structures fixedly connected in sequence: a receiving chamber 37, a compression chamber 38, a mixing chamber 39, and a diffusion chamber 40. An air inlet pipe 41 is fixed at the end of the receiving chamber 37 away from the compression chamber 38. The air inlet pipe 41 extends into the interior of the receiving chamber 37 and is close to the compression chamber 38. The end of the air inlet pipe 41 is configured as an inverted cone-shaped nozzle 42. A merging inlet 43 is provided on the side wall of the receiving chamber 37. The merging inlet 43 is arranged perpendicular to the air inlet pipe 41 and is spaced apart from the nozzle 42.

[0071] See Figure 6When external air enters the receiving unit 33 through the air pipe 34, it first enters the receiving chamber 37, and then forms a high-speed airflow through the air inlet pipe 41 and nozzle 42, which is then injected into the compression chamber 38. The high-speed airflow further increases in speed as it passes through the nozzle 42, creating a negative pressure zone within the compression chamber 38. This negative pressure zone is connected to the liquid in the external pickling tank 14 or rinsing tank 15 through the inlet 43. The negative pressure effect causes the liquid to be drawn into the receiving chamber 37, where it encounters and mixes with the high-speed airflow. Under the high-speed impact of the airflow, the liquid passes through the diffusion chamber 40 and enters the next stage, the spraying unit 29.

[0072] The inlet unit 33 has several advantages: First, the inverted cone nozzle 42 design accelerates the airflow and forms a directional jet, generating a strong negative pressure effect and ensuring stable and efficient liquid suction capacity. Second, the sequential connection of the four chambers forms a complete gas-liquid processing flow, from liquid suction and mixing to pressure regulation, ensuring efficient system operation. Third, the entire inlet unit 33 contains no moving mechanical parts, eliminating the need for pumps and greatly improving system reliability and durability, making it particularly suitable for long-term operation in corrosive environments. Fourth, the three-way interface structure of the inlet unit 33 makes it the hub of the entire vibratory spraying assembly, connecting the air source, liquid source, and spraying unit, achieving perfect system integration. This design achieves liquid circulation through pneumatic principles, avoiding equipment corrosion and energy consumption problems that may occur with traditional pump-driven methods, resulting in significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0073] Furthermore, the spraying unit 29 includes a spraying structure body 44 located within the support frame of the workpiece basket 18. The spraying structure body 44 has a first cavity 45 and a second cavity 46 arranged adjacent to each other inside. The first cavity 45 is connected to the diffusion chamber 40. A spraying channel is opened on the second cavity 46 facing the inside of the workpiece basket 18. A partition plate passing through the two cavities along the spraying channel forms a through hole. An annular plate 52 is fixed in the spraying channel. A guide port is opened on the outer periphery of the annular plate 52. A plunger rod 53 slides through the annular plate 52. A plunger 47 is fixed at the end of the plunger rod 53 away from the annular plate 52. The plunger 47 is fitted with the through hole of the partition plate to form a seal. Several guide holes 48 are opened on the plunger 47. A guide rod is provided on the side of the plunger 47 and is slidably installed in the second cavity 46. A first spring 49, a slip ring 50, and a second spring 51 are sequentially sleeved on the plunger rod 53.

[0074] See Figure 6 and Figure 7The first cavity 45 is directly connected to the diffusion chamber 40 of the merging unit 33, receiving the high-pressure gas-liquid mixture from the merging unit. The second cavity 46 has spray channels facing inwards towards the workpiece basket 18. These channels are the outlets where the gas-liquid mixture is finally sprayed onto the workpiece surface. Guide caps (not shown) can be installed at the outlets to facilitate spraying at specific angles. Through holes are formed in the partition between the two cavities, allowing the first cavity 45 and the second cavity 46 to form a through structure, ensuring that the gas-liquid mixture can flow from the first cavity to the second cavity and ultimately be sprayed out through the spray channels.

[0075] A ring plate 52 is fixed in the injection channel, and a guide port is opened on the outer periphery of the ring plate 52 to allow part of the gas-liquid mixture to pass through. A plunger rod 53 slides through the inside of the ring plate 52, forming the core vibration component. A plunger 47 is fixed at the end of the plunger rod 53 away from the ring plate 52. The plunger 47 is adapted to the through hole of the partition plate to form a sealing structure, ensuring that the gas-liquid mixture will not leak from the gap between the plunger 47 and the through hole.

[0076] Several guide holes 48 are formed on the plunger 47. When the plunger 47 is in contact with the partition, these guide holes are not only the only channel for the gas-liquid mixture to pass through the plunger 47, but also an important condition for maintaining the continuous negative pressure absorption of liquid by the merging unit. When the gas-liquid mixture generated by the merging unit 33 reaches the plunger 47 through the first chamber 45, the mixture must pass through these guide holes 48 to enter the second chamber 46. The size and number of guide holes 48 are calculated to ensure the balance of the flow resistance of the gas-liquid mixture. This balance is the key condition for maintaining the continuous negative pressure effect of the merging unit 33.

[0077] When the gas-liquid mixture flows from the first cavity 45 to the guide hole 48, the fluid pressure begins to act on the surface of the plunger 47, generating a forward thrust. As more gas-liquid mixture enters the first cavity 45, the internal pressure continuously increases, and this thrust gradually strengthens, eventually exceeding the initial elastic force of the first spring 49, pushing the plunger 47 and plunger rod 53 forward. The movement of the plunger 47 compresses the first spring 49 and also changes the positional relationship of the guide hole 48 relative to the first cavity 45, resulting in a dynamic change in fluid resistance. When the plunger 47 moves forward to a certain position, the compressive elastic force of the first spring 49 and the fluid thrust reach an instantaneous balance. At this time, the elastic force of the second spring 51 begins to play a dominant role, pushing the plunger 47 back. The back of the plunger 47 causes the pressure inside the first cavity 45 to re-accumulate, forming a new round of thrust. This dynamic balance between the change in fluid resistance in the guide hole 48 and the spring force creates the conditions for the continuous reciprocating vibration of the plunger 47.

[0078] It should be noted that the double spring system is not a simple series connection, but rather achieves selective force transmission through a special mechanism formed by the slip ring 50.

[0079] Although both the first spring 49 and the second spring 51 are fitted onto the plunger rod 53, their connection to the plunger rod 53 and the slip ring 50 determines the force transmission path; the first spring 49 is directly connected between the plunger 47 and the slip ring 50, while the second spring 51 is connected between the slip ring 50 and the fixed part of the liquid injection structure body 44. This connection relationship allows the two springs to work independently at different stages.

[0080] When fluid pressure pushes plunger 47 forward, plunger 47 first compresses the first spring 49. During this phase, slip ring 50 is relatively stationary, and the second spring 51 is not yet activated. As plunger 47 continues to move forward, the first spring 49 is further compressed until slip ring 50 begins to move. When slip ring 50 moves, it begins to compress the second spring 51.

[0081] The key point is that the spring constants of the first spring 49 and the second spring 51 are different. Typically, the spring constant of the first spring 49 is smaller (i.e., softer), while the spring constant of the second spring 51 is larger (i.e., stiffer). Therefore, when the plunger 47 moves forward a certain distance, the first spring 49 is already close to its maximum compression state, at which point the second spring 51 is just beginning to be compressed.

[0082] When the system reaches its forward limit, the fluid force decreases due to the change in the position of the plunger 47. Simultaneously, the second spring 51, due to its larger elastic coefficient, generates a significant reaction force even with a small compression. At this point, although the first spring 49 is fully compressed, its reaction force, combined with the reduced fluid force, is less than the reaction force of the second spring 51. The elastic force of the second spring 51 will, at a certain moment, become the dominant force, pushing the plunger 47 back.

[0083] To draw a simple analogy, imagine a person pushing two springs of different strengths: first, a soft spring (spring 49) is pushed, and when the soft spring is almost flattened, it begins to contact and compress a hard spring (spring 51). Even if the hard spring is only compressed a little, the reaction force it produces may exceed the maximum reaction force of the soft spring, becoming the main force propelling the finger in the opposite direction.

[0084] During the retraction process, as the position of the plunger 47 changes, the position of the guide hole 48 readjusts, and the fluid force increases again. Together with the restoring force of the first spring 49, it overcomes the reaction force of the second spring 51 and begins a new round of forward motion. This alternating dominance of forces results in the continuous vibration of the plunger 47.

[0085] Furthermore, the filter unit 36 ​​includes a third cavity 59 located in the support frame of the workpiece basket 18. One side of the third cavity 59 is connected to the inlet pipe 35. The bottom of the third cavity 59 is provided with a threaded opening. A filter screen 54 is installed inside the opening. A cover 55 with a threaded head 57 is adapted to be provided at the threaded opening. A one-way valve 56 is provided on the cover 55.

[0086] See Figure 8 The third chamber 59, located within the support frame of the workpiece basket 18, is the main structure of the filter unit 36. One side of the third chamber 59 is connected to the inlet unit 33 via an inlet pipe 35. The liquid drawn in by the spray unit 29 flows into the filter unit 36.

[0087] The bottom of the third chamber 59 is designed with a threaded opening, which facilitates the installation and replacement of the filter 54. The filter 54 is installed inside the threaded opening. The filter 54 is responsible for intercepting metal oxides, impurities and particulate matter in the liquid, and can purify the liquid in the tank while cleaning the surface of the workpiece.

[0088] When the workpiece basket 18 moves from one processing tank to another, the one-way valve 56 automatically closes, sealing and isolating the liquid in the third chamber 59 to prevent it from flowing out and contaminating the next process. This design effectively isolates the liquid between different processing tanks, ensuring the processing quality and stability of each process.

[0089] After the workpiece basket 18 completes the processing in a certain processing tank, the system initiates a specific inter-tank transfer procedure. First, the workpiece basket 18 is vertically lifted from the liquid surface of the processing tank by the lifting rod 24 to ensure that the workpiece basket 18 is completely removed from the tank liquid. After the workpiece basket 18 is suspended in the air, the system control device triggers the air source to introduce high-pressure gas into the air pipe 34. This operation produces a dual effect: on the one hand, the high-pressure gas enters the inlet unit 33 and forms a negative pressure area in the inlet pipe 35. This negative pressure effect quickly draws out the residual processing liquid in the inlet pipe 35 and related pipelines and returns it to the original processing tank, ensuring that no liquid that may contaminate the next process remains in the pipeline system; on the other hand, the high-pressure gas generates a high-speed airflow through the spray structure body 44 of the spray unit 29. This airflow is sprayed out from the spray channel and directly acts on the surface of the workpiece in the workpiece basket 18.

[0090] During the airflow process, the plunger 47 generates high-frequency reciprocating motion under gas pressure, causing the entire liquid spraying unit 29 and the workpiece basket 18 to vibrate. The synergistic effect of high-speed airflow and mechanical vibration creates a powerful liquid removal effect, quickly sweeping away the liquid adhering to the workpiece surface and the structure of the workpiece basket 18. Under the action of gravity, this liquid falls back to the original treatment tank, effectively preventing the liquid from being carried into the next process.

[0091] At this point, the system controls the traveling frame to move the workpiece basket 18 horizontally to the next processing tank position. Then, the lifting rod 24 slowly lowers the workpiece basket 18 into the new processing tank liquid, starting the next process. In the new tank, the system will restart the circulating liquid jet vibration treatment, and the one-way valve 56 will automatically open according to the new pressure conditions to establish a new liquid circulation system.

[0092] The vibratory spraying assembly achieves efficient liquid removal and cross-contamination prevention during multi-tank process conversion. This technological innovation significantly improves the process quality and economic benefits of the entire acid mist sealing system.

[0093] The method for pickling workpieces using the aforementioned acid mist sealing system includes the following steps:

[0094] S1. The workpiece basket 18 loaded with workpieces is brought in through the feed port on the side wall of the frame-type sealed structure via a trailer, and the workpiece basket 18 is placed within the operating range of the walking frame; after the staff leaves, the feed port is closed.

[0095] S2. By remote control, the first motor 19 drives the walking frame to move horizontally along the support frame 16 to the side of the workpiece basket 18. Then, the second motor 20 is started to drive the winch 21 to rotate, and the traction rope 22 is lowered to lower the lifting rod 24 and the pallet 25 together, so that the pallet 25 is vertically positioned between the support plate 27 and the L-shaped plate 28. Next, the first motor 19 is controlled to drive the walking frame to move horizontally, so that the pallet 25 is positioned directly below the L-shaped plate 28. Then, the second motor 20 is controlled to drive the winch 21 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the traction rope 22 is pulled up to raise the lifting rod 24 and the pallet 25 together, so that the positioning block 58 on the pallet 25 moves into the positioning groove 30. At the same time, the gas connection pipe 31 is inserted into the gas connection hole 32 to fix the workpiece basket 18, the pallet 25 and the lifting rod 24, and to complete the gas connection between the external gas source and the gas inlet unit on the workpiece basket 18.

[0096] S3. Control the first motor 19 to drive the walking frame to carry the locked workpiece basket 18 horizontally along the support frame 16 to the top of the pickling tank 14. Then, drive the winch 21 through the second motor 20 to control the lifting rod 24 and the pallet 25 to slowly descend together, so that the workpiece basket 18 is smoothly immersed in the acid solution of the pickling tank 14.

[0097] S4. Turn on the external air source and supply high-pressure gas to the vibrating spray assembly on the workpiece basket 18 through the air supply pipe and gas docking pipe 31 in the guide column 17. The gas enters the receiving chamber 37 of the inlet unit 33 through the gas docking hole 32 and the air pipe 34, and is sprayed out at high speed from the inverted cone nozzle 42 of the air inlet pipe 41, forming a negative pressure chamber in the receiving chamber 37. The negative pressure draws the liquid in the tank into the receiving chamber 37 through the inlet pipe 35 and the filter unit 36. The liquid enters the mixing chamber 39 with the gas to form a gas-liquid mixture and then enters the spray unit. The filter unit 36 ​​filters the impurities in the tank liquid.

[0098] S5. When the gas-liquid mixture flows from the first cavity 45 to the guide hole 48, the fluid pressure begins to act on the surface of the plunger 47, generating a forward thrust. As more gas-liquid mixture enters the first cavity 45, the internal pressure continuously increases, and this thrust gradually strengthens, eventually exceeding the initial elastic force of the first spring 49, pushing the plunger 47 and plunger rod 53 forward. At this time, a high-speed gas-liquid mixture is generated and sprayed towards the workpiece. The movement of the plunger 47 compresses the first spring 49, and also changes the positional relationship between the guide hole 48 and the first cavity 45, forming... The dynamic changes in fluid resistance cause the first spring 49 to momentarily balance with the fluid thrust when the plunger 47 moves forward to a certain position. At this time, the second spring 51 begins to play a dominant role, pushing the plunger 47 back. The retraction of the plunger 47 causes the pressure in the first cavity 45 to accumulate again, forming a new round of thrust. This dynamic balance between the fluid resistance change in the guide hole 48 and the spring force creates the conditions for continuous reciprocating vibration of the plunger 47, causing the workpiece basket 18 and the workpiece to vibrate together, promoting the cleaning of the workpiece surface.

[0099] S6. After step S5 is completed, control the second motor 20 to drive the winch 21 to lift the workpiece basket 18 above the liquid level in the tank. At the same time, maintain the supply of high-pressure gas so that the vibrating spraying component automatically switches to the working mode in the air. At this time, the inlet unit 33 first empties the liquid in the pipe and then draws in the gas to form a high-speed airflow that is sprayed out from the spraying unit 29 to purify the liquid on the workpiece.

[0100] S7. Control the first motor 19 to drive the walking frame to move the workpiece basket 18 to above the rinsing tank 15, start the second motor 20 to drive the winch 21 to lower the lifting assembly, so that the workpiece basket 18 is immersed in the rinsing tank 15, and repeat steps S4-S6.

[0101] After steps S8 and S7 are completed, the first motor 19 is controlled to drive the walking frame to the discharge port position, the locking of the workpiece basket 18 and the lifting assembly and the air circuit connection are released, the sealed discharge port is opened, the workpiece basket 18 is taken out, and the entire pickling process is completed.

[0102] The method claims detail the complete operation process for pickling metal workpieces using the acid mist enclosed system, specifically elucidating the working principle and mode switching mechanism of the vibrating spray assembly, and emphasizing the system's innovative design and technological advantages in preventing cross-contamination. The method and device claims complement each other to form comprehensive protection for this invention.

[0103] The present invention has been illustrated through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that all related improvements to the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An acid mist containment system comprising a framed containment structure, characterized in that, The frame sealing structure has an acid washing channel, sealable inlet and outlet ports are arranged on the side wall of the frame sealing structure, acid washing tanks (14) and rinsing tanks (15) determined in number according to production capacity are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the acid washing channel, support frames (16) are fixed on both sides along the length direction of the frame sealing structure, a walking frame is arranged between the support frames (16), a first motor (19) for walking is mounted on one side of the walking frame, a winch (21) is mounted on the top of the walking frame, a second motor (20) is arranged at the power end of the winch (21), a lifting assembly is arranged at the free end of the traction rope (22) of the winch (21), a detachable workpiece basket (18) is mounted on the lifting assembly, and a vibrating liquid spraying assembly is arranged on the workpiece basket (18); the lifting assembly comprises lifting rods (24) and supporting plates (25) fixed at intervals in the up-down direction, the walking frame extends downward to form guide columns (17) on both sides, and grooves (23) are formed on the opposite sides of the two guide columns (17); the top of the lifting rod (24) is fixedly connected with the traction rope (22) of the winch (21), and the two ends of the lifting rod (24) are slidably arranged in the grooves (23); the guide column (17) has a hollow cavity structure, a gas supply pipe is arranged in the hollow cavity, a vertical groove is formed in the groove (23), and the vertical groove is in communication with the hollow cavity of the guide column (17); the top of the supporting plate (25) is provided with a positioning block (58) and a gas connecting pipe (31), and the gas connecting pipe (31) is in communication with the gas supply pipe in the guide column (17); L-shaped plates (28) and supporting plates (27) are symmetrically arranged on the top of both sides of the workpiece basket (18), the horizontal plate of the L-shaped plate (28) is located in the direction away from the workpiece basket (18), and the supporting plate (27) is arranged below the horizontal plate of the L-shaped plate (28) at intervals; the bottom end of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped plate (28) is provided with a positioning groove (30) corresponding to the positioning block (58), and a gas connecting hole (32) corresponding to the gas connecting pipe (31) is further arranged; the support frame body of the workpiece basket (18) is a hollow cavity, a vibrating liquid spraying assembly is arranged in the hollow cavity, the vibrating liquid spraying assembly comprises a plurality of series-connected liquid spraying units (29), a converging unit (33) and a filtering unit (36), the converging unit (33) has a three-way interface structure, one end of the converging unit (33) is connected with the liquid spraying unit, the other end of the converging unit (33) is connected with the filtering unit (36) through a converging pipe (35), and the third end of the converging unit (33) is connected with the gas connecting hole (32) through a gas pipe (34); the converging unit (33) comprises four chamber structures fixedly connected in sequence, namely, an accepting chamber (37), a compression chamber (38), a mixing chamber (39) and a diffusion chamber (40), an air inlet pipe (41) is fixedly arranged at the end of the accepting chamber (37) away from the compression chamber (38), the air inlet pipe (41) extends into the inside of the accepting chamber (37) and is close to the compression chamber (38), and the end of the air inlet pipe (41) is provided with a nozzle (42) in the shape of an inverted cone; a converging inlet (43) is arranged on the side wall of the accepting chamber (37), and the converging inlet (43) is arranged vertically to the air inlet pipe (41) and is spaced apart from the nozzle (42).The liquid spraying unit (29) comprises a liquid spraying structure body (44) located in the support frame body of the workpiece basket (18), first and second cavities (45, 46) are arranged adjacent to each other in the liquid spraying structure body (44), the first cavity (45) is communicated with the diffusion chamber (40), a liquid spraying channel is formed on the second cavity (46) towards the inner side of the workpiece basket (18), a through hole is formed in the partition plate penetrating the two cavities along the liquid spraying channel direction, a ring plate (52) is fixedly arranged in the liquid spraying channel, a plurality of flow guide openings are formed in the outer periphery of the ring plate (52), a plunger rod (53) is slidably arranged in the inner portion of the ring plate (52), a plunger (47) is fixedly arranged on the end of the plunger rod (53) away from the ring plate (52), the plunger (47) is matched with the through hole of the partition plate to form a seal, a plurality of flow guide holes (48) are formed on the plunger (47), a guide rod is arranged on the side of the plunger (47) and is slidably arranged in the second cavity (46), the first spring (49), the sliding ring (50) and the second spring (51) are sequentially arranged on the plunger rod (53); the filtering unit (36) comprises a third cavity (59) located in the support frame body of the workpiece basket (18), one side of the third cavity (59) is communicated with the inlet pipe (35), a threaded opening is arranged at the bottom of the third cavity (59), a filter screen (54) is arranged in the opening, a cover (55) with a threaded head (57) is matched arranged at the threaded opening, and a one-way valve (56) is arranged on the cover (55).

2. Acid mist containment system according to claim 1, characterized in that The frame type sealing structure comprises an outer frame body (11) made of acid-erosion-resistant steel frame or acid-resistant alloy material, the frame body (11) is a closed structure, and a working chamber is formed in the frame; At least one side of the frame body is provided with a transparent observation window (12), and a pair of opposite side walls of the frame body (11) are respectively provided with sealable feeding and discharging ports.

3. Acid mist containment system according to claim 1, characterized in that The workpiece basket (18) is made of acid and alkali resistant non-metallic material, and the basket body is in a mesh structure, facilitating liquid circulation; and the top of the workpiece basket (18) is provided with a detachable splash-proof cover.

4. A method of pickling a workpiece using the acid mist containment system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: S1, the workpiece basket (18) loaded with workpieces is put into the frame type sealing structure through the feeding port on the side wall of the frame type sealing structure by a trailer, and is placed in the operating range of the walking frame, and the feeding and discharging ports are closed; S2, the first motor (19) is controlled to drive the walking frame to move to the side of the workpiece basket (18), the second motor (20) is started to drive the winch (21) to lower the traction rope (22), the lifting rod (24) and the supporting plate (25) are lowered, and the supporting plate (25) is positioned between the supporting plate (27) and the L-shaped plate (28) in the vertical direction; then the first motor (19) is controlled to horizontally move the supporting plate (25) to below the L-shaped plate (28); then the second motor (20) is controlled to reversely rotate the winch (21) to wind the traction rope (22), the lifting rod (24) and the supporting plate (25) are raised, the positioning block (58) is inserted into the positioning groove (30), and the gas connection pipe (31) is inserted into the gas connection hole (32), so that the workpiece basket (18) is fixed with the supporting plate (25) and the lifting rod (24), and the gas circuit is connected; S3, the first motor (19) is controlled to drive the walking frame to move to above the pickling tank (14) with the workpiece basket (18), the second motor (20) is started to slowly lower the lifting rod (24) and the supporting plate (25) through the winch (21), so that the workpiece basket (18) is immersed in the pickling tank (14); S4, the external gas source is opened, high-pressure gas is supplied to the vibrating liquid spraying assembly through the gas supply pipe in the guide column (17), the gas enters the receiving chamber (37) of the converging unit (33) to form a negative pressure chamber, and the liquid in the tank is sucked to form a gas-liquid mixture which enters the liquid spraying unit after filtering impurities; S5, the gas-liquid mixture flows to the first cavity (45), the fluid pressure acts on the plunger (47) to push it to move forward, generating a high-speed jet flow; the movement of the plunger compresses the first spring (49), and the dynamic balance creates continuous reciprocating vibration of the plunger, promoting cleaning of the workpiece surface; S6, after step S5 is completed, the second motor (20) is controlled to lift the workpiece basket (18) above the liquid level, and the vibrating liquid spraying assembly is switched to the gas working mode to form a high-speed airflow sprayed from the liquid spraying unit (29) while the high-pressure gas supply is maintained, so as to purify the liquid of the workpiece; S7, the first motor (19) is controlled to move the workpiece basket (18) to above the rinsing tank (15), the second motor (20) is started to lower the lifting assembly, so that the workpiece basket (18) is immersed in the rinsing tank (15), and steps S4-S6 are repeated. S8, after step S7 is completed, the first motor (19) is controlled to move the walking frame to the discharge port position, the locking of the workpiece basket (18) and the lifting assembly is released, the discharge port is opened, and the workpiece basket (18) is taken out.

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