Efficient comprehensive recovery process for gold and silver ore based on complex occurrence state of copper and sulfur
The two-stage selective grinding and flotation process enhances gold and silver recovery from copper-sulfide complex ores by improving separation and flotation efficiency, achieving high recovery rates and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510292450.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-15
AI Technical Summary
When dealing with copper-sulfur complex gold and silver ore, the existing technology has problems such as low gold and silver recovery, high cost, and difficult to control environmental pollution and flotation processes. Especially in the environment of high alkali and high calcium, the mineral mud has negative effects and it is difficult to separate fine-grained gold.
Two-stage selective grinding graded, improved cyclone and enhanced selective fine grinding of high-density convergent materials, combined with hydrophobic slurry and mixing flotation of sulfide and trace butyl yellows, and through two-stage coarse selection, rapid flotation and efficient recovery of fine gold and silver are achieved.
It improves the recovery rate of gold and silver, reduces production costs, reduces drug consumption, and achieves efficient comprehensive resource recycling, strong adaptability and good process stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN120306115A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing flotation, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency comprehensive recovery process for copper-sulfur complex occurrence state gold-silver ore. Background Art
[0002] Copper-sulfur-based complex occurrence state gold-silver ore deposits often contain a large amount of pyrite. Traditional processes for treating such ores include fine grinding - cyanide leaching - stage grinding - flotation. In the fine grinding - cyanide leaching stage, due to the complex mineral composition, there are problems such as low gold and silver recovery rates, high costs, and environmental pollution. In the stage grinding - flotation stage, a large amount of lime is usually added as an inhibitor for pyrite, and at the same time, a selective collector for copper and a frother are added for the co-flotation of gold, silver, and copper, or a pyrite activator and a strong collector are added for pyrite flotation. However, the high-alkali and high-calcium environment formed by the large amount of lime added will make the flotation foam sticky. When a large amount of secondary slime is generated during fine grinding or the content of primary slime is relatively high, the addition of a large amount of lime will intensify the negative impact brought by the slime, making the flotation process difficult to control. At the same time, the addition of a large amount of lime will also strongly inhibit the flotation of gold and silver, resulting in a reduction in the gold and silver recovery rates, and stage grinding will greatly increase the production cost. In addition, the gold in this type of ore is dispersed and encapsulated in copper sulfide, iron sulfide, arsenopyrite, and gangue minerals in the form of fine dissemination. It is difficult to completely separate by mechanical grinding methods. A large part of the gold exists in a semi-exposed state. The flotation rate of this part of the gold is relatively slow and is often lost in the pyrite concentrate product or tailings and is difficult to be selected into the copper concentrate product, resulting in great difficulty in subsequent recovery.
[0003] To reduce the adverse effects of slime on the flotation process, traditional methods such as pre-desliming or forced dispersion of reagents are adopted. The pre-desliming process uses classification equipment (such as hydrocyclones, desliming hoppers, etc.) to remove most of the slime before the flotation operation. However, for ores with fine-grained dissemination or complex dissemination relationships, mechanical entrainment will cause a large amount of target minerals to be lost in the slime. The forced dispersion of reagents process is to add a dispersant (such as sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium hexametaphosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc.) to the pulp to make the slime stably disperse in the pulp, reduce the amount of slime mechanically entrained by the foam, and improve the reagent effect and concentrate quality. However, when the amount of lime added is large and the slime content is high, a large amount of dispersant needs to be consumed, and when recovering pyrite, a large amount of activator needs to be added, greatly increasing the reagent cost, and the dispersion effect is also not good. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies and defects existing in the existing processes, the present invention provides an efficient integrated recovery process for gold and silver ores with complex occurrence states of copper and sulfur. By means of an improved classification hydrocyclone, the circulating load (backsand ratio) of the ball mill is increased, the selective fine grinding of high-density locked particles is strengthened, and the monomer dissociation degree of gold particles is increased. Then, sulfides and a small amount of butyl xanthate are used in combination for hydrophobic conditioning and bulk flotation to achieve rapid flotation of fine-grained pyrite and gold particles. Subsequently, two-stage roughing with a strong collector is carried out to intensively scavenge semi-exposed gold particles. Finally, the two rough products are respectively transported to appropriate flotation processes for impurity removal and separation, so that valuable components can be efficiently and comprehensively recovered.
[0005] To achieve the above object, an efficient integrated recovery process for gold and silver ores with complex occurrence states of copper and sulfur provided by the present invention includes the following steps: (1) Two-stage selective grinding and classification: The ore to be processed is transported to a semi-autogenous mill for the first-stage selective coarse crushing and grinding to obtain a slurry with a fineness of -10 mm, which is classified by a classification hydrocyclone to obtain a coarse-grained fraction of -10 mm to 0.074 mm and qualified fine-grained materials; the coarse-grained fraction of -10 mm to 0.074 mm is transported to a ball mill for the second-stage selective grinding, and then classified by a classification hydrocyclone to obtain qualified fine-grained materials and coarse-grained materials, and the coarse-grained materials are returned to the ball mill for re-grinding; In this step, to prevent over-grinding and slime formation of fine-grained disseminated or complex disseminated ores, two-stage selective grinding and classification are adopted. First, the qualified fine-grained materials are separated, and then the coarse-grained materials are ground. At the same time, according to the structure of this type of ore and the characteristic of the higher density of gold particle locked particles, the cone angle ratio of the traditional classification hydrocyclone is improved, and specifically, the qualified coarse gold particle locked particles close to the actual separation particle size (-0.1 mm to 0.037 mm) are returned to the ball mill for fine grinding. By sacrificing a certain classification efficiency, the monomer dissociation degree of gold particles is increased, creating favorable conditions for subsequent processes.
[0006] (2) Selective hydrophobic two-stage conditioning and rapid bulk flotation of copper, sulfur, gold and silver: The qualified materials obtained in step (1) are transported to a first-stage agitation tank, and sulfides are added for selective hydrophobic first-stage conditioning, and then transferred to a second-stage agitation tank, and a small amount of butyl xanthate is added for selective hydrophobic second-stage conditioning. After conditioning is completed, it is transported to a rapid bulk flotation device for copper, sulfur, gold and silver for flotation to obtain copper, sulfur, gold and silver rougher concentrates and tailings I; This step cooperates with the above step (1). Under the weak acidic condition adjusted by sulfides such as sodium sulfide and calcium sulfide, the electrochemical cooperation reaction (especially between fine-grained fractions) among fine-grained copper sulfide, pyrite and sulfides is utilized to make the mineral surface hydrophobic, and then a small amount of collector butyl xanthate is added for strengthening, which can greatly improve the flotation rate and efficiency of fine-grained copper sulfide, pyrite and easily flotable gold and silver minerals, and overcome the defects of low recovery rate of fine-grained minerals and large consumption of flotation reagents in the traditional flotation process.
[0007] (3) Two-stage intensified rough flotation of associated gold: The tailings I obtained in step (2) are transported to the gold intensified roughing system for two-stage roughing. In both two-stage roughing processes, collector isobutyl xanthate and frother No. 2 oil are added to obtain gold roughing concentrate and tailings II. By adding a powerful collector in the two-stage roughing of this step, semi-exposed gold powder can be intensively scavenged to reduce the loss.
[0008] (4) Impurity removal and cleaning of copper-sulfur-gold-silver rough concentrate and copper-sulfur separation: The copper-sulfur-gold-silver rough concentrate obtained in step (2) is transported to the copper-sulfur cleaning system for flotation to obtain copper-sulfur-gold-silver mixed concentrate. Then, lime is added to adjust the pH to 11 - 12, and after aeration and stirring for 15 - 20 minutes, inhibitor sodium sulfite is added at 200 g / t - 500 g / t for pulp conditioning. After pulp conditioning, it is transported to the copper-sulfur separation system for flotation separation to obtain copper-gold-silver concentrate and sulfur concentrate. (5) Impurity removal and cleaning of gold rough concentrate: The gold roughing concentrate obtained in step (3) is transported to the impurity removal and cleaning system for impurity removal and cleaning to obtain gold concentrate and tailings III. Finally, the gold concentrate is combined with the copper-gold-silver concentrate obtained in step (4) as the total copper-gold-silver concentrate product, and the tailings III are combined with the tailings II obtained in step (3) as the total tailings.
[0009] Further, the qualified fine-grained material in step (1) is the material with a particle size of -0.074 mm accounting for 80% - 90% and a concentration of 30% - 35%.
[0010] Further, the diameter of the classification cyclone in step (1) is φ400 mm, and the cone angle ratio (i.e., the ratio of the diameter of the cyclone sand discharge port to the diameter of the overflow pipe) is 0.60 - 0.75.
[0011] Further, in step (2), the sulfide is sodium sulfide or calcium sulfide, and its dosage is 100 g / t - 500 g / t; the dosage of butyl xanthate is 20 g / t - 40 g / t; the dosage of frother No. 2 oil is 40 g / t - 60 g / t, the flotation concentration is 30% - 35%, and the flotation time is 9 - 12 minutes.
[0012] Further, in step (3), a total of 100 g / t - 200 g / t of collector isobutyl xanthate and 40 g / t - 80 g / t of frother No. 2 oil are added in the two-stage roughing. Among them, the addition amount of each reagent in the first-stage roughing is 70%, and the addition amount of each reagent in the second-stage roughing is 30%. The first-stage roughing time is 4 - 5 minutes, and the second-stage roughing time is 3 - 4 minutes.
[0013] Advantages of the present invention: The method of the present invention can effectively recover gold, silver, copper, and sulfur in copper-sulfur-based complex-occurrence gold and silver ores. The gold recovery rate is over 80%, the silver recovery rate is over 85%, the copper recovery rate is over 86%, and the sulfur recovery rate is over 90%. The comprehensive resource recovery effect is good, and its process is simple, has strong adaptability, good process stability, and good industrial production controllability, which has guiding significance for the comprehensive utilization of copper-sulfur-based complex-occurrence gold and silver ores. The specific technical benefits are as follows: (1) The present invention adopts two-stage selective grinding and classification, which can effectively prevent over-grinding and slime formation of fine-grained disseminated or complex-disseminated ores, affecting the subsequent flotation process; at the same time, by improving the cone angle ratio of the classification cyclone, the circulating load (return sand ratio) of the ball mill is increased, and the selective fine grinding of high-density qualified coarse gold particle associated bodies is strengthened, improving the monomer dissociation degree of gold particles, creating favorable conditions for the subsequent processes.
[0014] (2) Under the weakly alkaline conditions regulated by sulfides, the present invention utilizes the electrochemical cooperation reaction (especially between fine particle sizes) among fine-grained copper sulfide, pyrite, and sulfides, making the mineral surface hydrophobic, and then adding a small amount of collector for strengthening, which can greatly improve the flotation rate and effect of fine-grained copper sulfide, pyrite, and easily floatable gold and silver minerals, overcoming the defects of low recovery rate of fine particles and large consumption of flotation reagents in the traditional flotation process.
[0015] (3) The present invention adopts a classification separation method from easy to difficult, and then a mode of step-by-step enhanced cleaning and classification recovery for copper-sulfur-gold-silver rough concentrates and gold roughing concentrates, improving the concentrate grade and recovery rate, with significant economic benefits.
[0016] (4) The present invention adopts separate strengthening treatment for difficult-to-float associated gold particles, which can avoid the problem that a large amount of easily floatable copper-sulfur minerals and impurity gangue minerals in the traditional process hinder the collection of associated gold particles, resulting in low gold and silver recovery rates. Description of the Drawings
[0017] Figure 1 is a flow chart of an efficient comprehensive recovery process for copper-sulfur complex-occurrence gold and silver ores according to the present invention. Detailed Embodiments
[0018] In order to make the technical problems and technical solutions solved by the present invention clearer, the following further details the present invention with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Example 1
[0019] Original ore 1#: A copper-sulfur-based complex-occurrence gold-silver ore. The main element chemical analysis is as follows: Au 1.38 g / t, Ag 12.20 g / t, Cu 0.29%, S 4.30%. The gold minerals are mainly native gold and a small amount of electrum; the silver minerals are mainly argentite, hessite, a small amount of native silver, stephanite, pyrargyrite, and tetrahedrite; the copper minerals are mainly chalcopyrite, followed by enargite, tetrahedrite, pyrite, and bornite; the iron sulfide minerals are mainly pyrite, and also contain a small amount of pyrrhotite. The occurrence state of gold in the ore is relatively complex, characterized by fine-grained dissemination, and there are mainly 4 dissemination forms: 1) Disseminated in the form of fine particles between pyrite and chalcopyrite; 2) Present as fine-grained inclusions contained in sulfide minerals such as chalcopyrite and pyrite; 3) Closely related to siderite, and a large number of fine gold particles can be seen disseminated in siderite; 4) Some gold particles are contained in quartz.
[0020] As Figure 1 shown, when using the method described in the present invention to recover original ore 1#, the specific steps are as follows: (1) Two-stage selective grinding and classification: The ore to be processed is transported to a semi-autogenous mill for the first-stage selective coarse crushing and grinding to obtain a slurry with a fineness of -10 mm, and is classified by a hydrocyclone (φ400 mm, cone angle ratio of 0.60 - 0.75) to obtain a coarse-grained fraction of -10 mm to 0.074 mm and qualified fine-grained materials; the coarse-grained fraction of -10 mm to 0.074 mm is transported to a ball mill for the second-stage selective grinding, and then classified by a hydrocyclone (φ400 mm, cone angle ratio of 0.60 - 0.75) to obtain qualified fine-grained materials (-0.074 mm particle size accounts for 80% - 90%, concentration is 30% - 35%) and coarse-grained materials, and the coarse-grained materials are returned to the ball mill for re-grinding; (2) Selective hydrophobization two-stage pulp conditioning and rapid rough flotation of copper, sulfur, gold, and silver: The qualified materials obtained in step (1) are transported to a first-stage stirring tank, and 100 g / t of sodium sulfide is added for selective hydrophobization first-stage pulp conditioning, and then transferred to a second-stage stirring tank, and 20 g / t of butyl xanthate is added for selective hydrophobization second-stage pulp conditioning. After the pulp conditioning is completed, it is transported to a rapid roughing device for copper, sulfur, gold, and silver, and 40 g / t of foaming agent No. 2 oil is added, and flotation is carried out for 9 - 12 minutes at a concentration of 30% - 35% to obtain a copper, sulfur, gold, and silver rough concentrate and tailings I; (3) Two-stage enhanced rough flotation of associated gold: The tailings I obtained in step (2) are transported to a gold enhanced roughing system for two-stage roughing. During the first-stage roughing, 70 g / t of collector isobutyl xanthate and 28 g / t of foaming agent No. 2 oil are added, and flotation is carried out for 4 - 5 minutes. During the second-stage roughing, 30 g / t of collector isobutyl xanthate and 12 g / t of foaming agent No. 2 oil are added, and flotation is carried out for 3 - 4 minutes to obtain a gold roughing concentrate and tailings II; (4)Impurity removal, concentration and copper-sulfur separation of copper-sulfur-gold-silver rough concentrate: The copper-sulfur-gold-silver rough concentrate obtained in step (2) is transported to the copper-sulfur concentration system for flotation to obtain a copper-sulfur-gold-silver mixed concentrate. Then, lime is added to adjust the pH to 11-12, and after aeration and stirring for 15-20 minutes, 200 g / t of inhibitor sodium sulfite is added for pulp conditioning; after pulp conditioning, it is transported to the copper-sulfur separation system for flotation separation to obtain a copper-gold-silver concentrate and a sulfur concentrate; (5)Impurity removal and concentration of gold rough concentrate: The gold rough concentrate obtained in step (3) is transported to the impurity removal and concentration system for impurity removal and concentration to obtain a gold concentrate and tailings Ⅲ; finally, the gold concentrate is combined with the copper-gold-silver concentrate obtained in step (4) as the total copper-gold-silver concentrate product, and tailings Ⅲ is combined with tailings Ⅱ obtained in step (3) as the total tailings.
[0021] The test results are as follows: The Au grade of the gold-silver-copper concentrate is 46.68 g / t, the recovery rate is 81.32%, the Ag grade is 450.49 g / t, the recovery rate is 85.77%, the Cu grade is 21.45%, and the recovery rate is 87.37%; the S grade of the sulfur concentrate is 46.75%, and the recovery rate is 90.43%. Example 2
[0022] Original ore 2#: A copper-sulfur-based complex-occurrence gold-silver ore, the main element chemical analysis is: Au 1.75 g / t, Ag 22.36 g / t, Cu 0.35%, S 7.85%. The gold minerals are mainly native gold and a small amount of electrum; the silver minerals are mainly argentite, hessite, a small amount of native silver, stephanite, pyrargyrite and tetrahedrite; the copper minerals are mainly chalcopyrite, followed by enargite, tetrahedrite, pyrite, bornite; the pyrite is mainly pyrite, and also contains a small amount of pyrrhotite. The occurrence state of gold in the ore is relatively complex, characterized by fine-grained occurrence, and there are mainly 4 occurrence forms: 1) occurring in the form of fine particles between pyrite and chalcopyrite; 2) occurring as fine-grained inclusions in sulfide minerals such as chalcopyrite and pyrite; 3) having a close relationship with siderite, and a large number of fine gold particles can be seen occurring in siderite; 4) some gold particles are included in quartz.
[0023] As Figure 1 shown, the method of the present invention is used to recover the original ore 2#, and the specific steps are as follows: (1)Two-stage selective grinding and classification: The ore to be processed is transported to a semi-autogenous mill for the first-stage selective coarse crushing and grinding to obtain a slurry with a fineness of -10 mm. It is classified by a hydrocyclone (φ400 mm, cone angle ratio of 0.60 - 0.75) to obtain coarse-grained materials with a size range of -10 mm to 0.074 mm and qualified fine-grained materials; the coarse-grained materials with a size range of -10 mm to 0.074 mm are transported to a ball mill for the second-stage selective grinding, and then classified by a hydrocyclone (φ400 mm, cone angle ratio of 0.60 - 0.75) to obtain qualified fine-grained materials (-0.074 mm particle size accounts for 80% - 90%, concentration is 30% - 35%) and coarse-grained materials, and the coarse-grained materials are returned to the ball mill for re-grinding; (2)Selective hydrophobic two-stage pulp conditioning and rapid rough flotation of copper, sulfur, gold and silver: The qualified materials obtained in step (1) are transported to a first-stage agitation tank, and 300 g / t of sodium sulfide is added for the first-stage selective hydrophobic pulp conditioning. Then it is transferred to a second-stage agitation tank, and 30 g / t of butyl xanthate is added for the second-stage selective hydrophobic pulp conditioning. After the pulp conditioning is completed, it is transported to a rapid roughing device for copper, sulfur, gold and silver, and 50 g / t of foaming agent No. 2 oil is added. Flotation is carried out at a concentration of 30% - 35% for 9 - 12 minutes to obtain a rough concentrate of copper, sulfur, gold and silver and tailing I; (3)Two-stage intensified rough flotation of associated gold: The tailing I obtained in step (2) is transported to a gold intensified roughing system for two-stage roughing. During the first-stage roughing, 105 g / t of collector isobutyl xanthate and 42 g / t of foaming agent No. 2 oil are added, and flotation is carried out for 4 - 5 minutes. During the second-stage roughing, 45 g / t of collector isobutyl xanthate and 18 g / t of foaming agent No. 2 oil are added, and flotation is carried out for 3 - 4 minutes to obtain a gold roughing concentrate and tailing II; (4)Impurity removal and cleaning of the copper, sulfur, gold and silver rough concentrate and copper-sulfur separation: The copper, sulfur, gold and silver rough concentrate obtained in step (2) is transported to a copper-sulfur cleaning system for flotation to obtain a copper, sulfur, gold and silver mixed concentrate. Then lime is added to adjust the pH to 11 - 12, and after aeration and stirring for 15 - 20 minutes, 300 g / t of inhibitor sodium sulfite is added for pulp conditioning; after pulp conditioning, it is transported to a copper-sulfur separation system for flotation separation to obtain a copper, gold and silver concentrate and a sulfur concentrate; (5)Impurity removal and cleaning of the gold rough concentrate: The gold roughing concentrate obtained in step (3) is transported to an impurity removal and cleaning system for impurity removal and cleaning to obtain a gold concentrate and tailing III; finally, the gold concentrate is merged with the copper, gold and silver concentrate obtained in step (4) as the total copper, gold and silver concentrate product, and tailing III is merged with tailing II obtained in step (3) as the total tailing.
[0024] The test results are as follows: The Au grade of the gold, silver and copper concentrate is 56.82 g / t, the recovery rate is 82.96%, the Ag grade is 580.33 g / t, the recovery rate is 85.84%, the Cu grade is 22.46%, and the recovery rate is 86.21%; the S grade of the sulfur concentrate is 48.77% and the recovery rate is 91.83%. Example 3
[0025] Original ore 3#: A copper-sulfur-based complex-occurrence gold-silver ore. The main element chemical analysis shows: Au 2.04 g / t, Ag 25.31 g / t, Cu 0.33%, S 10.24%. The gold minerals are mainly native gold and a small amount of electrum; the silver minerals are mainly argentite, hessite, a small amount of native silver, stephanite, pyrargyrite, and tetrahedrite; the copper minerals are mainly chalcopyrite, followed by enargite, tetrahedrite, pyrite, and bornite; the iron sulfide minerals are mainly pyrite, and also contain a small amount of pyrrhotite. The occurrence state of gold in the ore is relatively complex, characterized by fine-grained dissemination, mainly having 4 forms of dissemination: 1) disseminated in the form of fine particles between pyrite and chalcopyrite; 2) occurring as fine-grained inclusions contained in sulfide minerals such as chalcopyrite and pyrite; 3) having a relatively close relationship with siderite, and a large number of fine gold particles can be seen disseminated in siderite; 4) some gold particles are contained in quartz.
[0026] As Figure 1 shown, the method described in the present invention is used to recover the original ore 3#, and the specific steps are as follows: (1) Two-stage selective grinding and classification: The ore to be processed is transported to a semi-autogenous mill for the first-stage selective coarse crushing and grinding to obtain a slurry with a fineness of -10 mm, and is classified by a hydrocyclone (φ400 mm, cone angle ratio of 0.60 - 0.75) to obtain a coarse-grained fraction of -10 mm to 0.074 mm and a qualified fine-grained fraction of materials; the -10 mm to 0.074 mm coarse-grained fraction of materials is transported to a ball mill for the second-stage selective grinding, and then is classified by a hydrocyclone (φ400 mm, cone angle ratio of 0.60 - 0.75) to obtain qualified fine-grained materials (-0.074 mm particle size fraction accounts for 80% - 90%, concentration is 30% - 35%) and coarse-grained materials, and the coarse-grained materials are returned to the ball mill for re-grinding; (2) Selective hydrophobization two-stage pulp conditioning and rapid rough flotation of copper, sulfur, gold, and silver: The qualified materials obtained in step (1) are transported to a first-stage agitation tank, and 500 g / t of calcium sulfide is added for the first-stage selective hydrophobization pulp conditioning, and then transferred to a second-stage agitation tank, and 40 g / t of butyl xanthate is added for the second-stage selective hydrophobization pulp conditioning. After the pulp conditioning is completed, it is transported to a copper, sulfur, gold, and silver rapid roughing device, and 60 g / t of frother No. 2 oil is added, and flotation is carried out for 9 - 12 minutes at a concentration of 30% - 35% to obtain a copper, sulfur, gold, and silver rough concentrate and tailings I; (3) Two-stage enhanced rough flotation of associated gold: The tailings I obtained in step (2) are transported to a gold enhanced roughing system for two-stage roughing. When performing the first-stage roughing, 140 g / t of collector isobutyl xanthate and 56 g / t of frother No. 2 oil are added, and flotation is carried out for 4 - 5 minutes. When performing the second-stage roughing, 60 g / t of collector isobutyl xanthate and 24 g / t of frother No. 2 oil are added, and flotation is carried out for 3 - 4 minutes to obtain a gold roughing concentrate and tailings II; (4)Impurity removal, concentration and copper-sulfur separation of copper-sulfur-gold-silver bulk concentrate: The copper-sulfur-gold-silver bulk concentrate obtained in step (2) is transported to the copper-sulfur concentration system for flotation to obtain a copper-sulfur-gold-silver mixed concentrate. Then, lime is added to adjust the pH to 11 - 12, and after aeration and stirring for 15 - 20 minutes, 500 g / t of inhibitor sodium sulfite is added for pulp conditioning; after pulp conditioning, it is transported to the copper-sulfur separation system for flotation separation to obtain a copper-gold-silver concentrate and a sulfur concentrate; (5)Impurity removal and concentration of gold bulk concentrate: The gold rougher concentrate obtained in step (3) is transported to the impurity removal and concentration system for impurity removal and concentration to obtain a gold concentrate and tailing III; finally, the gold concentrate is combined with the copper-gold-silver concentrate obtained in step (4) as the total copper-gold-silver concentrate product, and tailing III is combined with tailing II obtained in step (3) as the total tailing.
[0027] The test results are as follows: The grade of Au in the gold-silver-copper concentrate is 64.89 g / t, the recovery rate is 84.55%, the grade of Ag is 678.49 g / t, the recovery rate is 85.34%, the grade of Cu is 21.61%, and the recovery rate is 85.93%; the grade of S in the sulfur concentrate is 49.21%, and the recovery rate is 91.82%.
[0028] In summary, using the method described in the present invention to recover this type of copper-sulfur-based complex-occurrence gold-silver ore can achieve better beneficiation indexes with a gold recovery rate of over 80%, a silver recovery rate of over 85%, a copper recovery rate of over 86%, and a sulfur recovery rate of over 90%. The comprehensive resource recovery effect is good, and its process is simple, has strong adaptability, good process stability, and good industrial production controllability, which has guiding significance for the comprehensive utilization of copper-sulfur-based complex-occurrence gold-silver ore.
[0029] The present invention has been described in detail through specific and preferred embodiments above. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency integrated recovery process for gold and silver ores with complex copper-sulfur occurrence states, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Two-stage selective grinding and classification: The ore to be processed is conveyed to a semi-autogenous mill for the first-stage selective coarse crushing and grinding to obtain a slurry with a fineness of -10 mm. It is classified by a hydrocyclone, and the coarse-grained material with a size of -10 mm to 0.074 mm and qualified fine-grained material are obtained. The coarse-grained material with a size of -10 mm to 0.074 mm is conveyed to a ball mill for the second-stage selective grinding, and then classified by a hydrocyclone to obtain qualified fine-grained material and coarse-grained material. The coarse-grained material is returned to the ball mill for re-grinding; (2) Selective hydrophobic two-stage pulp conditioning and rapid rough flotation of copper, sulfur, gold and silver: The qualified material obtained in step (1) is conveyed to a first-stage agitation tank, and sulfide is added for the first-stage selective hydrophobic pulp conditioning. Then it is transferred to a second-stage agitation tank, and a small amount of butyl xanthate is added for the second-stage selective hydrophobic pulp conditioning. After the pulp conditioning is completed, it is conveyed to a rapid roughing flotation device for copper, sulfur, gold and silver for flotation to obtain a copper, sulfur, gold and silver rough concentrate and tailing I; (3) Two-stage enhanced rough flotation of associated gold: The tailing I obtained in step (2) is conveyed to a gold enhanced roughing system for two-stage roughing. In both stages of roughing, a collector isobutyl xanthate and a frother No. 2 oil are added to obtain a gold roughing concentrate and tailing II; (4) Impurity removal and cleaning of the copper, sulfur, gold and silver rough concentrate and copper-sulfur separation: The copper, sulfur, gold and silver rough concentrate obtained in step (2) is conveyed to a copper-sulfur cleaning system for flotation to obtain a copper, sulfur, gold and silver mixed concentrate. Then lime is added to adjust the pH to 11 - 12, and after aeration and stirring for 15 - 20 minutes, an inhibitor sodium sulfite of 200 g / t - 500 g / t is added for pulp conditioning. After pulp conditioning, it is conveyed to a copper-sulfur separation system for flotation separation to obtain a copper, gold and silver concentrate and a sulfur concentrate; (5) Impurity removal and cleaning of the gold rough concentrate: The gold roughing concentrate obtained in step (3) is conveyed to an impurity removal and cleaning system for impurity removal and cleaning to obtain a gold concentrate and tailing III. Finally, the gold concentrate is combined with the copper, gold and silver concentrate obtained in step (4) as the total copper, gold and silver concentrate product, and tailing III is combined with tailing II obtained in step (3) as the total tailing.
2. The high-efficiency comprehensive recovery process for copper-sulfur complex-occurrence gold and silver ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The qualified fine-grained material described in step (1) is a material with a particle size of -0.074 mm accounting for 80% - 90% and a concentration of 30% - 35%.
3. The high-efficiency comprehensive recovery process for copper-sulfur complex-occurrence gold and silver ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the hydrocyclone described in step (1) is φ400 mm, and the cone angle ratio (i.e., the ratio of the diameter of the cyclone underflow port to the diameter of the overflow pipe) is 0.60 - 0.
75.
4. A high-efficiency comprehensive recovery process for copper-sulfur complex-occurrence gold and silver ores according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (2), the sulfide is sodium sulfide or calcium sulfide, and its dosage is 100 g / t - 500 g / t; the dosage of butyl xanthate is 20 g / t - 40 g / t; the dosage of the frother No. 2 oil for flotation is 40 g / t - 60 g / t, the flotation concentration is 30% - 35%, and the flotation time is 9 - 12 minutes.
5. The high-efficiency comprehensive recovery process for copper-sulfur complex-occurrence gold and silver ore according to claim 1, wherein In step (3), the enhanced roughing system includes two-stage roughing; a total of 100 g / t - 200 g / t of the collector isobutyl xanthate and 40 g / t - 80 g / t of the frother No. 2 oil are added in the two-stage roughing. Among them, the addition amount of each reagent in the first-stage roughing is 70%, and the addition amount of each reagent in the second-stage roughing is 30%. The first-stage roughing time is 4 - 5 minutes, and the second-stage roughing time is 3 - 4 minutes.