Waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system and dehydration method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system and a dehydration method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of dehydration. The crushed materials are conveyed into a first-stage squeezing device to be extruded and dehydrated, the materials are conveyed into a second-stage squeezing device to be dehydrated through a filter residue discharging end of the first-stage squeezing device, and the materials squeezed by the second-stage squeezing device are conveyed into a third-stage squeezing device to be extruded and dehydrated after being subjected to fixation; a waste liquid discharging end of the primary squeezing device feeds waste liquid into the re-dehydration device through a pipeline system for solid-liquid separation, and a waste residue discharging end of the re-dehydration device is connected to the primary squeezing device through a pipeline; according to the system, traditional primary dehydration is replaced by three-stage dehydration, and primary fixation is performed after secondary dehydration, so that the dehydration effect is better, the material dehydration rate is higher, the system burden after waste liquid is discharged into a waste liquid collection system is reduced, and nutritional ingredients of fruits and vegetables are recycled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dehydration, and in particular to a waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system and a dehydration method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the treatment of waste, fruit and vegetable waste, as common domestic waste, is usually disposed of as garbage. However, when fruit and vegetables are disposed of as garbage and stacked randomly, they are prone to corruption, generating various pathogenic bacteria, which not only affect the city appearance but also endanger people's health. Moreover, the seepage water generated during the stacking of fruit and vegetable waste with high water content can dissolve harmful substances such as heavy metals and organic substances in other garbage, resulting in an increase in the concentration of harmful pollutants and causing pollution to the surrounding soil and groundwater. In addition, randomly stacking fruit and vegetable waste easily leads to a local anaerobic environment inside, and the acidification rate of fruit and vegetable waste is relatively fast. Its metabolism produces organic acids, hydrogen sulfide, etc., emitting a foul smell, which also affects the health and living comfort of residents. In the prior art, in order to improve the utilization of resources, these fruits and vegetables are processed and fermented to be used as fertilizers. In fact, for the fruit and vegetable waste generated in fruit and vegetable cold storages, although slightly spoiled fruits and vegetables are not suitable for human consumption, they are excellent green feeds for livestock breeding. However, because fresh fruits and vegetables are not conducive to transportation and long-term storage in themselves, and they have already shown slight spoilage, they are even less suitable for long-term transportation or storage. Therefore, it is necessary to dehydrate them, remove the water and retain the pulp as feed. This not only reduces the generation of waste and avoids waste, but also forms a new treatment method for such fruits and vegetables, which is very beneficial to environmental protection.

[0003] In the prior art, a processing method and processing equipment for producing green feed from fruit and vegetable waste with an application publication number of: CN 106212892 A and an application publication date of: December 14, 2016, disclose a processing method and corresponding processing equipment for producing green feed from fruit and vegetable waste. It obtains feed through two-stage crushing, one-time extrusion dehydration, and sterilization and drying. In actual production and processing, after the fruits and vegetables are crushed, the solid and liquid are mixed together. In these mixtures, many nutrients have been dissolved in the solution and become suspended matter during the crushing process. If only simple pressing is carried out at this time to remove the water, it will cause a large part of the nutrients to be discharged together with the pressing wastewater, except for the indigestible crude fiber that is retained, resulting in the loss of nutrients. The prior art has not studied this.

[0004] In the dehydration step of the above prior art, a twin-screw dehydrator is used as a dehydration device for solid-liquid separation. Since it uses two-stage crushing, the moisture content of the crushed mixture is the highest. During the first extrusion dehydration, because the materials are stacked and extruded in the extrusion space of the screw, when the maximum water-containing mixture is dehydrated, the water at the top will flow downward. Although dehydration is carried out by extrusion simultaneously, the materials at the bottom are soaked in a short time. Such a single dehydration will make the dehydration of the mixture incomplete, resulting in more time and heat being spent in the subsequent drying step, which is a waste of energy and increases the burden of subsequent processing. Moreover, discharging the pressed wastewater by single pressing also causes the loss of nutrients. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of incomplete dehydration and easy loss of nutrients in the single dehydration of the twin-screw dehydrator in the above prior art, and provide a waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system includes a waste liquid collection system for collecting and treating waste liquid, and also includes other devices forming a three-stage pressing system, specifically including a primary pressing device, a re-dehydration device, a preheating device, a secondary pressing device and a tertiary pressing device; the crushed materials are sent into the primary pressing device through a screw conveying device for extrusion dehydration, the filter residue discharge end of the primary pressing device sends the materials into the secondary pressing device through a belt conveying device for dehydration, the discharge end of the secondary pressing device for dehydration sends the materials into a blanching device through a screw conveying device for blanching, and the filter residue discharge end of the blanching device sends the materials into the tertiary pressing device through a screw conveying device for extrusion dehydration; the waste liquid discharge end of the primary pressing device sends the waste liquid into the re-dehydration device through a pipeline system for solid-liquid separation, the waste liquid discharge end of the re-dehydration device is connected to the waste liquid collection system, and the waste residue discharge end of the re-dehydration device is connected to the primary pressing device through a pipeline; the waste liquid discharge ends of the secondary pressing device and the tertiary pressing device are connected to the waste liquid collection system through a pipeline system.

[0007] Optionally, the primary pressing device is a belt pressing dehydrator for belt pressing dehydration, the re-dehydration device is a drum dehydrator for solid-liquid separation, the blanching device is a drum blanching device for rocking blanching, the secondary pressing device is a centrifugal dehydrator or a screw dehydration device for secondary centrifugal dehydration or pressing dehydration, and the tertiary pressing device is a screw dehydrator for final screw pressing dehydration.

[0008] Optionally, the heat source of the drum blanching device is the waste heat utilization of the drying device.

[0009] Optionally, the belt press dewatering machine includes a frame, a lower conveyor belt, an upper pressing belt and a flat sweeping device; the lower conveyor belt is arranged on the frame, the upper pressing belt is arranged above one end of the lower conveyor belt, an upper pressing roller is arranged above the joint between the lower conveyor belt and the upper pressing belt, and a lower pressing roller is arranged below; a sewage collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the frame, and the sewage collecting tank is connected to the drum dewatering device through a pump and a pipeline; a flat sweeping device is arranged at the other end of the lower conveyor belt, and the flat sweeping device includes a slide rail, a screw slider mechanism, a connecting rod, and a flat plowshare; the slide rail is arranged on the frame and suspended above the lower conveyor belt, the slide rail is slidably connected to a slider of the screw slider mechanism, a connecting rod is arranged below the slider, and a flat plowshare is arranged on the connecting rod; the flat plowshare includes a vertically arranged common cutting blade, two horizontal cutting blades symmetrically arranged on both sides of the common cutting blade, and an upper cutting blade and a lower cutting blade symmetrically arranged at the end of the vertical common cutting blade.

[0010] Optionally, the horizontal cutting edge, the upper cutting edge and the lower cutting edge are arranged in an arc shape.

[0011] Optionally, a drum dehydration device includes a drum trough, a liquid discharge pipe, a drum, a drum motor, a feed pipe, a solid collecting trough, and a slag discharge pipe; a liquid discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the drum trough, a drum is arranged inside the drum trough, the drum is connected to the rotating shaft of the drum motor through a coupling, the drum motor is arranged on the outside of the drum trough, a feed pipe is arranged on one side of the drum trough, and the discharge port of the feed pipe faces one side of the drum; a solid collecting trough is arranged at the bottom of the other side of the drum, and the solid collecting trough is connected to the slag discharge pipe; a scraper device is arranged in the drum, and the scraper device includes a scraper, a connecting rod, and a telescopic device; one end of the connecting rod is transferred in the drum trough, and the other end is connected to the scraper, and the scraper is arranged on the inner surface of the gauze of the drum; one end of the telescopic device is transferred in the drum trough, and the other end is transferred to the connecting rod.

[0012] Optionally, a temporary storage silo is provided after the three-stage pressing device.

[0013] A method for dehydrating waste fruits and vegetables using a waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1: Use a first-stage pressing device to squeeze and dehydrate the material;

[0015] S2: The filter residue after dehydration of the primary pressing device is transported to the secondary pressing device for centrifugal dehydration or screw pressing dehydration; at the same time, the wastewater generated after dehydration of the primary pressing device is transported to the re-dehydration device through pipelines and pumps for solid-liquid separation;

[0016] S3: The solid residue separated by the re-dehydration device is transported to the surface of the material of the primary pressing device again for extrusion and dehydration together with the new material, and the wastewater generated by the re-dehydration device is discharged into the waste liquid collection system;

[0017] S4: Convey the filter residue produced by the secondary pressing device into the blanching device for blanching;

[0018] S5: Convey the filter residue produced by the blanching device into the tertiary pressing device for extrusion dehydration. The dehydrated filter residue is conveyed into the drying device for drying, and the filtrate wastewater is discharged into the waste liquid collection system.

[0019] Optionally, in step S1, a belt pressing device is used as the primary pressing device to continuously and uninterruptedly extrude and dehydrate the material;

[0020] In step S2, an XX screw pressing device is used as the secondary pressing device, and the filter cake produced by the belt pressing device conveys the material to the screw pressing device through a screw conveyor for screw pressing dehydration;

[0021] In step S3, a drum dehydration device is used as the re-dehydration device to separate the solids and suspended substances in the waste liquid of the belt pressing device, and the wastewater produced by the re-dehydration device is discharged into the waste liquid collection system through a pipeline system;

[0022] In step S4, a drum blanching device is used for blanching;

[0023] In step S5, a screw pressing device is used as the tertiary pressing device, and the filter cake produced by the blanching device conveys the material to the screw pressing device through a screw conveyor for screw pressing dehydration.

[0024] Optionally, in step S4, the heat source of the drum blanching device is the waste heat reuse of the drying device, and the waste heat source is dehumidified before being introduced into the drum blanching device.

[0025] One of the advantages of the present invention is as follows:

[0026] This system replaces traditional single-stage dehydration with three-stage dehydration. The primary pressing dehydration can reduce the moisture content of the wet material to 35%, the secondary pressing dehydration can reduce the moisture content of the wet material to 25%, and finally the tertiary pressing dehydration can reduce the moisture content of the wet material to about 15%. Eventually, the total dehydration rate of the dehydrated material reaches more than 75%;

[0027] During the whole process, blanching is carried out after secondary dehydration. The water content after secondary dehydration plus high temperature makes the whole blanching process carried out in the way of steam blanching, which can not only retain the original green color of fruits and vegetables, remove the odor generated during the crushing of fruits and vegetables, but also the whole process is simple and fast without affecting continuous production operations;

[0028] The materials after green killing are subjected to final three-stage pressing dehydration again, which can remove a large amount of water in the materials, reduce the heat energy required during the final drying process. At the same time, the steaming process used during green killing not only kills the materials but also makes the subsequent third-stage pressing dehydration achieve better dehydration effect through the heating and tumbling steps, further reducing the moisture content of the materials. After the final materials are dehydrated and recycled by the three-stage dehydration and re-dehydration device, it not only reduces the system burden after the waste liquid is discharged into the waste liquid collection system but also saves the nutritional components of fruits and vegetables, which can be said to kill two birds with one stone;

[0029] This system uses a belt pressing dehydrator as the primary pressing device. Its combined use with the flat sweeping device can flatten the originally thick stacked mixture before pressing, making the stacking thickness of the pressed material uniform, the pressing more even, and the dehydration more convenient. Moreover, through the combined use of a metal wire mesh belt and a chain plate conveyor belt, and with the assistance of paired counter pressure rollers, the belt pressing dehydration of this system can automatically filter water before pressing, making the pressing dehydration more convenient;

[0030] This system uses a drum dehydration device as the re-dehydration device, which filters the waste liquid discharged from pressing again, effectively filtering large particle solid substances in the waste liquid, reducing the problem in the prior art that the sewage treatment burden of the sewage treatment system is easily increased due to the failure to perform solid-liquid mixing separation on the discharged sewage again. At the same time, these large particle solid substances can be collected and reused as green feed, reducing the waste of effective components of fruits and vegetables. The drum structure of this system is simple and practical, with strong strength, facilitating subsequent use. This system is equipped with a scraping device, which can effectively clean the surface of the drum, scrape the materials on the inner wall in real time, avoid material blockage of the mesh holes, and enable a longer service life. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the system of the present invention

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the belt pressing dehydrator of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the belt pressing dehydrator of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a side view of the plow head of the belt pressing dehydrator of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is the top view of the plow head of the belt press dewatering machine of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 This is the structural schematic diagram of the drum type dewatering device of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is the sectional view taken along the line A-A of the drum type dewatering device of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 This is the sectional view taken along the line B-B of the drum type dewatering device of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 9 This is the sectional view taken along the line C-C of the drum type dewatering device of the invention.

[0041] In the figure, frame (1), baffle (2), water collecting tank (3), lower conveyor belt (4), screen belt (5), upper pressing belt (6), belt (7), tension adjusting mechanism (8), slide rail (9), screw slider mechanism (10), connecting rod (11), flat plow head (12), lower pressing roller (13), upper pressing roller (14), upper scraper (15), lower scraper (16), guide plate (17), filter residue conveyor belt (18), water guide pipe (19), flat sweeping device (20), shield (21), motor (22), common cutting edge (121), horizontal cutting edge (122), upper cutting edge (123), lower cutting edge (124).

[0042] Drum groove (31), liquid outlet pipe (32), drum (33), drum motor (34), drum right bracket (35), feed pipe (36), solid collecting tank (37), slag outlet pipe (38), scraper (39), screen (310), reinforcing rib (311), outer hoop (312), inner ring (313), roller (314), roller track (315), connecting rod (316), telescopic device (317), connecting column (318), rotating disk (319), retaining ring (320). Detailed implementation manners

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0044] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] like Figure 1 A waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system shown includes a waste liquid collection system for collecting squeezed waste liquid. The waste water generated during the entire dehydration process is uniformly collected by the waste liquid collection system and then discharged into the wastewater treatment system for unified wastewater treatment. The waste liquid collection system can be a simple wastewater collection pipe system or a water tank system, or the collection pipe network of the wastewater treatment system can be directly used. This system dehydrates by three-stage squeezing, specifically including a primary squeezing device, a dehydration device, a killing device, a secondary squeezing device and a tertiary squeezing device. In this system, the crushed material is sent into the primary squeezing device through a screw conveying device for extrusion dehydration. The purpose of this primary extrusion dehydration is to remove a large amount of water mixed in the material and reduce the system burden of subsequent material dehydration operations. At the same time, since the purpose of the initial squeezing and dehydration is to quickly remove a large amount of water, some fine particles will be discharged along with the waste liquid during the dehydration process. If these particles are not treated and discharged into the waste liquid for waste liquid treatment, it will undoubtedly increase the burden of waste liquid treatment. Moreover, these particles are small particles of pulp produced when fruits and vegetables are crushed, and they are also nutritious parts. Directly discarding them will cause more waste. Therefore, the waste liquid discharge end of the first-level squeezing device pumps the waste liquid into the re-dehydration device through the pipeline system for solid-liquid separation, and separates these nutritious small particles for reuse, which not only reduces the burden of the subsequent waste liquid treatment system, but also saves materials and reduces the waste of effective ingredients in fruits and vegetables. The waste liquid discharge end of the re-dehydration device is connected to the waste liquid collection system.

[0047] The filter residue after being pressed by the primary pressing device has actually removed most of the water. However, its moisture content is still about 35%, which is relatively high and still requires further dehydration treatment. Therefore, this device conveys the material after primary dehydration to the secondary pressing device for dehydration again through belt conveying or screw conveying. The secondary pressing device can remove most of the remaining water, making the moisture content lower than 25%. If the material with this moisture content is directly dried, not only will the drying time be prolonged, but also the energy required for drying will increase. For production, the power consumption is still too high and further dehydration is needed. Moreover, during the processing, the material has a strong mixed smell of crushed fruits and vegetables and some rotten smells, which is very unpleasant. This smell will burst out during drying, affecting the health of production personnel. Therefore, a blanching process is set between the secondary pressing device and before the tertiary pressing dehydration. Specifically, the material at the discharge end of the filter residue after secondary pressing dehydration is conveyed to the blanching device for blanching through screw conveying or belt conveying. Finally, the blanched material is conveyed to the tertiary pressing device for pressing dehydration through belt conveying or screw conveying. The waste liquid discharge ends of the secondary pressing device and the tertiary pressing device are connected to the waste liquid collection system. Of course, according to the effect of pressing dehydration, if there are still many recyclable nutrients in the wastewater, the wastewater can be discharged back into the re-dehydration device for solid-liquid separation and recycling once again.

[0048] Before the tertiary dehydration, the blanching is carried out by adding the water content after secondary dehydration and using high temperature to form a steaming method for blanching during the whole blanching process. This can not only retain the original green color of the fruits and vegetables but also remove the smell generated during the crushing of the fruits and vegetables. The whole process is simple and fast and does not affect continuous production operations. The material after blanching is then finally subjected to tertiary pressing dehydration, which can remove a large amount of water from the material, reducing the heat energy required during the final drying process. At the same time, the steaming process used during blanching not only blanches the material but also the heating and tumbling processing steps enable better dehydration effect in the subsequent tertiary pressing dehydration. Mainly, when the material is blanched, the slag pressed tightly during the dehydration by the secondary pressing device is separated and fluffed up, and after a certain preheating, the gaps between the slag materials expand. And the water that has not been removed also rises to the surface of the slag materials with the preheating and blanching, facilitating the rapid removal of water from the surface of the material during the subsequent tertiary pressing dehydration, further reducing the moisture content of the material. After the final material undergoes dehydration and recovery by the tertiary dehydration and re-dehydration device, it not only reduces the system burden after the waste liquid is discharged into the waste liquid collection system but also saves the nutrient components of the fruits and vegetables, which can be described as killing two birds with one stone.

[0049] This system replaces traditional single-stage dehydration with three-stage dehydration, and performs a blanching process before the three-stage dehydration, resulting in better dehydration effect, higher dehydration rate of the materials. Moreover, it not only reduces the system burden after the waste liquid is discharged into the waste liquid collection system, but also saves the nutritional components of fruits and vegetables, achieving multiple benefits at once.

[0050] In the whole system, optionally, to adapt to the dehydration method of this system, in this system, the primary pressing device is a belt pressing dehydrator, which can flatten the originally thick stacked mixture before pressing, making the thickness of the pressed material uniform, more uniform pressing, more convenient dehydration and faster speed. The re-dehydration device is a drum-type dehydration device, which has a simple and practical structure and strong strength, facilitating subsequent use. The preheating device is a drum-type preheating device, which flips and puffs up the materials through the rolling of the drum while preheating, making subsequent dehydration more convenient. The secondary pressing device is a centrifugal dehydrator, which can quickly and efficiently separate liquid and solid through centrifugal dehydration, saving time and labor costs. Of course, other dehydration devices can also be used for the secondary pressing device. For example, the stacked screw sludge dehydrator in the screw dehydration device is also a good choice. The tertiary pressing device is a screw dehydrator as the final dehydration device, and the dehydrated materials are transported into the drying device for final dehydration treatment.

[0051] Optionally, because in the blanching process, it is not necessary to dry the moisture, therefore, to save resources, the heat source of the drum-type preheating device is the waste heat utilization of the drying device.

[0052] Through production calculation, this system replaces traditional single-stage dehydration with three-stage dehydration. The primary pressing dehydration can reduce the moisture content of the wet materials to 35%, the secondary pressing dehydration can reduce the moisture content of the wet materials to 25%, and finally the tertiary pressing dehydration can reduce the moisture content of the wet materials to 15%, ultimately making the total dehydration rate of the dehydrated materials reach more than 75%. In the whole process, a blanching process is carried out after the secondary dehydration. The blanching process forms a steaming blanching method by adding the moisture content after the secondary dehydration and high temperature, which can not only retain the original green color of the fruits and vegetables, but also remove the odor generated during the crushing of the fruits and vegetables. The whole process is simple and fast and does not affect continuous production operations. The materials after blanching are subjected to the final tertiary pressing dehydration again, which can remove a large amount of moisture from the materials, reduce the heat energy required in the final drying process. At the same time, the steaming blanching process used during blanching not only blanches the materials, but also the heating and tumbling processing steps enable better dehydration effect in the subsequent third-stage pressing dehydration, further reducing the moisture content of the materials. After the final materials are dehydrated and recovered by the three-stage dehydration and re-dehydration devices, it not only reduces the system burden after the waste liquid is discharged into the waste liquid collection system, but also saves the nutritional components of fruits and vegetables, achieving multiple benefits at once.

[0053] In another embodiment, in order to quickly remove a large amount of water, the system provides a specific belt-type fruit and vegetable pressing device as the primary pressing device, such as Figure 2 Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown. It includes a frame 1, a lower conveyor belt 4, an upper pressing belt 6, and a horizontal sweeping device 20. In this device, the frame 1 is formed by welding columns and corresponding crossbars and vertical bars to form a frame-like support. The lower conveyor belt 4 is arranged on the frame 1. The lower conveyor belt 4 is a belt-type conveying device in which a motor drives a roller to rotate, thereby driving the chain belt to rotate. In order to press and dehydrate the mixture, an upper pressing belt 6 is arranged above one end of the lower conveyor belt 4. Substantially, the upper pressing belt 6 is the same conveying device as the lower conveyor belt 4, which is a belt-type conveying device in which a motor drives a roller to rotate, thereby driving the chain belt to rotate. The upper pressing belt 6 and the lower conveyor belt 4 are driven by a single motor 22. The motor 22 is arranged on the frame 1 and a shield 21 is provided at the transmission connection for protection. As Figure 3 shown, when setting the counter-pressure of this device, an upper pressing roller 14 is arranged above the docking part of the lower conveyor belt 4 and the upper pressing belt 6, and a lower pressing roller 13 is arranged below. The upper pressing roller 14 and the lower pressing roller 13 form a pair of opposing pressing rollers, and the slag between them is pressed while being conveyed. During actual use, the upper pressing roller 14 and the lower pressing roller 13 provide auxiliary extrusion force here. According to needs, they can be set as symmetrical pressing rollers capable of adjusting the pressing gap with each other, and a motor can also be added to drive them to rotate relative to each other. At this point, the device can already press the slag. However, the slag water conveyed down is not evenly spread on the lower conveyor belt 4. If not processed, although it is still possible to press and dehydrate, the pressing forces on the higher and lower piled-up parts are different, which makes the pressing and dehydration still suffer from the common problem of extrusion dehydration - all the materials pile up in the middle of the dehydration chamber, with a large stacking thickness and inconvenient dehydration. Therefore, a horizontal sweeping device 20 is arranged at the other end of the lower conveyor belt 4 to sweep the piled-up slag flat, so that the slag can be swept flat onto the lower conveyor belt 4, thereby making the pressing uniform. Specifically, as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the leveling device 20 includes a slide rail 9, a screw slider mechanism 10, a connecting rod 11, and a leveling plowshare 12. The slide rail 9 is arranged on the frame 1 and suspended above the lower conveyor belt 4. The slide rail 9 is slidably connected to the slider of the screw slider mechanism 10. The connecting rod 11 is arranged below the slider. The leveling plowshare 12 is arranged on the connecting rod 11. In this way, the motor drives the screw to rotate, thereby driving the slider to slide back and forth on the slide rail 9, and then driving the leveling plowshare 12 to level the slag pile higher than the set gap. In order to facilitate leveling, the leveling plowshare 12 includes a vertically arranged common cutting edge 121, two horizontal cutting edges 122 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the common cutting edge 121, and an upper cutting edge 123 and a lower cutting edge 124 symmetrically arranged at the end of the vertical common cutting edge 121. In order to better segment, the horizontal cutting edge 122, the upper cutting edge 123 and the lower cutting edge 124 are arranged in an arc shape.

[0054] Since the lower conveyor belt 4 moves forward, at least two sweeping devices 20 are provided to avoid untimely sweeping.

[0055] In order to avoid poor pressing effect, the upper pressing roller 14 and the lower pressing roller 13 are arranged in pairs, and at least two groups are arranged.

[0056] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the tightness of the upper pressing belt 6, a tension adjustment mechanism 8 is provided. The tension adjustment mechanism 8 in this scheme includes a remote control rod and a telescopic device for driving the remote control rod to rock. The rocking rod is connected to the frame 1, one end of the telescopic device is connected to the frame 1, and the other end is connected to the rocking rod. A guide roller is provided on the rod, and the upper pressing belt 6 passes through the guide roller. The telescopic drive of the telescopic device drives the rocking rod to rock, thereby tightening or loosening the upper pressing belt 6.

[0057] In order to facilitate the uniform collection of the squeezed juice, the device is provided with a water collecting trough 3 below the lower conveyor belt 4, and a water guide pipe 19 is provided on one side of the water collecting trough 3, so that the squeezed juice is uniformly collected and not easily splashed.

[0058] In fact, the material contains the most water when it is being transported. At this time, the material is already flowing with juice without being squeezed. In order to facilitate the discharge of the juice, the device sets the conveyor belt of the lower conveyor belt 4 to be a metal mesh belt 5 to facilitate the juice to flow out of the mesh holes, and sets the conveyor belt of the upper pressing belt 6 to be a block-shaped metal belt 7, that is, a chain conveyor belt.

[0059] The working process of this belt-type fruit and vegetable pressing device is as follows:

[0060] The material drops from one side to one end of the lower conveyor belt 4, and then is conveyed forward as the lower conveyor belt 4 moves. When it is conveyed to the sweeping device 20, it is spread flat on the lower conveyor belt 4 by the sweeping device 20, and then is continuously pressed and dewatered when it is conveyed to the upper pressing roller 14 and the lower pressing roller 13. Finally, it drops from the other end onto the filter residue conveyor belt 18 and is conveyed to the next process for treatment. During the process of the filter residue dropping, in order to prevent the filter residue from adhering to the conveyor belt, the device is provided with an upper scraper 15 for scraping the upper pressing belt 6 and a lower scraper 16 for scraping the lower conveyor belt 4 at the roller at the discharging side, and guide plates 17 are provided on both sides of the filter residue conveyor belt at the material dropping position so that the dropped filter residue can be located in the middle part of the filter residue conveyor belt.

[0061] In another embodiment, the system adopts a drum-type dewatering device as the re-dewatering device, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the drum-type solid-liquid separator includes a drum tank 31, a liquid outlet pipe 32, a drum 33, a drum motor 34, a feed pipe 36, a solid collection tank 37, and a slag discharge pipe 38. In this device, the drum tank 31 is set as a square open tank, which mainly serves as a container to collect the liquid generated during the working process. In order to conveniently converge and collect the liquid uniformly, a liquid outlet pipe 32 is provided at the bottom of the drum tank 31 for discharging the liquid, and the bottom of the drum tank 31 is inclined towards the liquid outlet pipe 32 around the periphery. A drum 33 is rotatably arranged inside the drum tank 31 of the device to separate the solid-liquid mixture. In order to facilitate the solid-liquid separation, the drum 33 is connected to the rotating shaft of the drum motor 34 through a coupling, and the drum motor 34 drives the drum 33 to rotate in the drum tank 31, so that the solid-liquid mixture can cover the inner wall of the drum, avoiding the situation that when the incoming material is too much, the drum on a single side cannot filter quickly. In order to protect the motor, the drum motor 34 is arranged outside the drum tank 31 to prevent the splashing liquid from eroding the motor during the rotation of the drum 33. A feed pipe 36 is provided on one side of the drum tank 31 for feeding, and the outlet of the feed pipe 36 faces one side of the drum 33. When feeding, the mixture is sprayed into the drum 33. A solid collection tank 37 is arranged at the bottom of the other side of the drum 33 to collect the filtered filter residue, and the solid collection tank 37 is connected to the slag discharge pipe 38 to discharge the filter residue. The device filters the waste liquid discharged by pressing again by arranging a drum-type solid-liquid separator at the liquid outlet of the twin-screw dewatering machine, which can effectively filter the large-particle solid substances in the waste liquid, reduce the consumption of wastewater treatment in the prior art. At the same time, these large-particle solid substances can be reused after being collected for green feed, reducing the waste of the effective components of fruits and vegetables.

[0062] In another embodiment, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown in the figure, the drum 33 is used as a filter screen and rotates within the drum groove 31. Therefore, the drum 33 includes a wire mesh 310, reinforcing ribs 311, an outer hoop 312, and an inner ring 313. In this device, the inner ring 313 serves as the internal support for the entire drum 33, supporting the entire drum 33 to form a cylindrical barrel. Therefore, the inner ring 313 is made of a steel ring, and two inner rings 313 are symmetrically arranged. During manufacturing, the wire mesh 310 is wrapped around the outer sides of the two inner rings 313. The wire mesh 310 is made of a metal wire mesh and forms a cylindrical shape when wrapping the inner ring 313. At this time, the metal wire mesh 310 can be fastened to the inner ring 313 by screws or welding. The best way is to set an outer hoop 312 on the outer side of the wire mesh 310 to fasten the wire mesh 310 and the inner ring 313. After wrapping and fastening the wire mesh 310 around the inner ring 313, screws are used for fixation, which is convenient for replacing the wire mesh 310 in the later stage. Of course, it can also be directly fastened by welding according to requirements, in which case the overall firmness will be better. The strength of the single metal wire mesh 310 is relatively low and it is easy to bend. Therefore, reinforcing ribs 311 are arranged between the two outer hoops 312, and the wire mesh 310 is firmly connected to the reinforcing ribs 311. In this way, the entire drum 33 has stronger strength, facilitating subsequent use.

[0063] As Figure 8 shown, it is not convenient for the drum to be directly transferred to the drum groove 31 for its movement. Therefore, in order to enable it to rotate better within the drum groove 31, multiple connecting columns 318 are arranged on the inner side of one of the inner rings 313, and a rotating disk 319 is arranged at the center of the inner ring 313 and connected to the connecting columns 318. The rotating disk 319 is set in a stepped shape, and its shaft is transferred to the drum right bracket 35 and connected to the rotating shaft of the drum motor 34 through a coupling. The drum right bracket 35 is fixedly arranged inside the drum groove 31. At the same time, a roller track 315 is arranged on the outer side of one side of the drum 33, and a roller 314 adapted to the roller track 315 is arranged within the drum groove 31. The roller track 315 is slidably connected to the roller 314. In this way, the entire drum 33 can rotate conveniently within the drum groove 31.

[0064] As Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, after the materials are evenly distributed in the drum 33 due to its rotation, long-term filtering work will cause some fine suspended matters to accumulate at the mesh holes on the inner wall of the drum 33 and finally block the mesh holes. As a result, after the drum 33 is used for a period of time, its filtering efficiency will decrease. Therefore, it is necessary to clean its surface. In this device, a scraping device is arranged on one side inside the drum 33. The scraping device can scrape the materials on the inner wall in real time as the drum 33 rotates, avoiding the blockage of the mesh holes by the materials and enabling a longer service life. Specifically, this device provides a scraping device including a scraper 39, a connecting rod 316, and a telescopic device 317. One end of the connecting rod 316 is pivotally connected in the drum groove 31, and the other end is connected to the scraper 39. The scraper 39 is arranged on the inner surface of the screen 310 of the drum 33; one end of the telescopic device 317 is pivotally connected in the drum groove 31, and the other end is pivotally connected to the connecting rod 316. Such a movable connection can conveniently adjust the pressure between the scraper 39 and the inner wall of the metal screen 310 of the drum 33, making its scraping effect better. At the same time, it is also convenient to lift the scraper 39 for other cleaning operations when the machine stops.

[0065] As Figure 9 shown, the scraping of this device is real-time scraping. During the working process of the scraper 39, it is inevitable that the scraper 39 will jump. Moreover, if the pressure between the scraper 39 and the inner wall of the drum is too large, it is easy to wear the metal screen 310. Therefore, there should be an automatic adjustment margin between the scraper 39 and the metal screen 310. One structural method is to set a spring between the connecting rod 316 and the scraper 39. In this way, the connecting rod 316 and the scraper 39 are not rigidly connected. The scraper 39 can jump horizontally and vertically along with the spring, and can even rotate to a certain extent within the limit that the spring can bear. Such a free adjustment structure can effectively prevent the scraper 39 from wearing the metal screen 310 due to excessive pressure. Another structural method is to set a spring between the telescopic device 317 and the connecting rod 316, and the connecting rod 316 and the scraper 39 are rigidly connected. This can also make the connecting rod 316 jump up and down at its pivot point with the drum groove 31 to adjust, avoiding the scraper 39 from wearing the metal screen 310 due to excessive pressure.

[0066] In order to balance the scraping area of the scraper 39 and the feeding without conflict, the scraper 39 is spirally arranged at the bottom quarter of the inner surface of the screen 310, and the scraping radius of the scraper 39 is two-thirds of the length of the drum 33.

[0067] To prevent the liquid from pouring out of the feed inlet and to avoid the inner ring 313 blocking too much of the filter residue, a retaining ring 320 is provided on the inner ring 313 near the feed pipe 36 of this device. The thicknesses of the inner ring 313 on the other side and the outer hoop 312 are swapped, with the outer hoop 312 serving as the positioning element and the inner ring 313 serving as the fastening connecting part. This can minimize the obstruction of the inner ring 313 to the material while ensuring the cylindrical strength of the drum 33. When necessary, the inner ring 313 can be embedded into the retaining ring 320 so that the inner side of the inner ring 313 is flush with the inner wall of the wire mesh 310. At the same time, the entire drum 33 can also be inclined towards the slag discharge pipe 38 end.

[0068] The working process of this drum - type dehydration device is as follows:

[0069] The material is sprayed into the drum 33 from the feed pipe 36. When the drum motor 34 drives the drum 33 to rotate, the material is spread throughout the drum 33. During the rotation process, the juice is filtered out through the metal wire mesh 310, and the filter residue is scraped to the tail and discharged by the scraper. Each time the mixed juice is equivalent to a new filtration on the metal mesh layer, greatly reducing the risk of blockage, thereby increasing the filtration efficiency from the side.

[0070] In another embodiment, a method for dehydrating fruits and vegetables using a waste fruits and vegetables dehydration system includes the following steps:

[0071] S1: Use a primary pressing device to perform primary extrusion dehydration on the material; after the material comes out of the crushing process, it is transported through a screw conveyor device into the primary pressing device for extrusion dehydration. The primary pressing device selects a belt - type pressing dehydrator, which is convenient for continuous and rapid pressing dehydration. Among them, the pressure of belt - type pressing dehydration is 0.75 Mpa. Under this pressure, the material can quickly remove a large amount of juice, making the moisture content of the material reach about 35%.

[0072] S2: Transport the filter residue dehydrated by the primary pressing device to the secondary pressing device for centrifugal dehydration or screw pressing dehydration by means of belt conveying or screw conveying. Optionally, this system uses an XX screw pressing device as the secondary pressing device. The filter cake produced by the belt - type pressing device is transported to the screw pressing device for screw pressing dehydration through the screw conveyor device. The screw pressing device selects equipment with a power of 75 KW or more.

[0073] In fact, the filter residue of the belt press dehydrator is in the form of flakes, and a large amount of water has been removed. The material at this time is relatively dry compared to the initial material, and the material itself is no longer flowing with juice. Therefore, the conveying at this time can be carried out by belt conveying or screw conveying according to the needs. When conveying by belt conveying, the material itself will remain in block shape and directly enter the secondary pressing device for screw pressing and dehydration. The block material itself has been pressed. When pressing again, it needs a pressure greater than the first pressing to be pressed and dehydrated. Relatively speaking, there will be some gaps in the process of conveying, and the pressed material is not tight, and water will accumulate in the gaps; when screw conveying is used, during the conveying process, the cake-shaped material will be broken up when the screw rotates and conveys. After the material enters the secondary pressing device, it is equivalent to re-pressing. At this time, because the material is relatively loose, it will be evenly conveyed and compacted by the screw of the press after entering the screw pressing device, so that the entire pressing chamber is filled to avoid water accumulation in the gaps. This is similar to the principle of squeezing tofu. Therefore, it would be better to use screw conveying.

[0074] During the primary pressing and dehydration, a large amount of wastewater is generated. These wastewaters also contain a large amount of nutrients that need to be recovered. Therefore, while the material is transported to the secondary pressing device for pressing, the wastewater generated after dehydration by the primary pressing device is transported to the re-dehydration device through pipes and pumps for solid-liquid separation, and the nutrients in the wastewater are recovered again. Of course, this is also to reduce the workload of the wastewater treatment system.

[0075] After testing, the properties of the material after secondary pressing are as follows:

[0076] S3: The solid filter residue separated by the re-dehydration device is transported again to the surface of the material of the primary pressing device for extrusion and dehydration together with the new material. A drum dehydration device is used as a re-dehydration device to separate the solids and suspended matter in the waste liquid of the belt pressing device. The waste water generated by the re-dehydration device is discharged into the waste liquid collection system through the pipeline system.

[0077] In fact, the re-dehydration device is used to recover the nutrients contained in the squeezed wastewater, so the main purpose is to recover the particulate matter in the juice as much as possible.

[0078] S4: Convey the filter residue produced by the secondary pressing device into the blanching device for blanching. The blanching is carried out using a drum-type blanching device, and the blanching temperature is between 100°C and 200°C. Specifically, select 135°C and the blanching time is not less than 5 minutes, specifically select 6 minutes. At this blanching temperature and time, intermediate materials with better color and blanching effect can be obtained. After the materials are pulverized and dehydrated by secondary pressing, the remaining substances will have a strong unpleasant smell. These smells include both the smells generated when the fruits and vegetables are pulverized themselves and some smells of rotten fruits and vegetables. Although the rotten fruits and vegetables have been drained away with the juice during pulverization and pressing, the smells have remained during pulverization. Therefore, to remove these smells and at the same time retain the original color of the fruits and vegetables, blanching treatment is carried out after secondary pressing dehydration. And, the water content after this blanching and secondary dehydration, together with the high temperature, makes the entire blanching process carried out in the form of steam blanching. This can not only retain the original green color of the fruits and vegetables and remove the smells generated during pulverization of the fruits and vegetables, but also the entire process is simple and fast without affecting continuous production operations. At the same time, the steam blanching process used during blanching not only blanches the materials, but also the heating and tumbling processing steps enable better dehydration effect to be obtained in the subsequent third-stage pressing dehydration, further reducing the water content of the materials.

[0079] S5: Convey the filter residue produced by the blanching device into the tertiary pressing device for extrusion dehydration. Use the XX screw pressing device as the tertiary pressing device. The filter cake produced by the blanching device conveys the materials to the screw pressing device through the screw conveyor for screw pressing dehydration. Select a device with a power of 75KW or more for the screw pressing device. The dehydrated filter residue is conveyed into the drying device for drying, and the filtrate waste water is discharged into the waste liquid collection system.

[0080] Use the screw pressing device as the final dehydration device. By means of the materials, the dehydration rate of the final materials can be controlled above 75%. After the final materials are dehydrated and recycled by the tertiary dehydration and re-dehydration devices, it not only reduces the system burden after the waste liquid is discharged into the waste liquid collection system, but also saves the nutrient components of the fruits and vegetables, which can be described as killing two birds with one stone.

[0081] During the actual production process, the air flow after blanching still contains heat. Therefore, in order to save resources and avoid waste, in step S4, the heat source of the drum-type blanching device is the waste heat reuse of the drying device. Before the waste heat source is introduced into the drum-type blanching device, dehumidification treatment is carried out on the heat source. After blanching is completed, the materials are sent to the temporary storage bin for temporary storage for no more than 30 minutes to avoid deterioration caused by overheating for too long.

[0082] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An abandoned fruit and vegetable dehydration system, including a waste liquid collection system, characterized in that: It also includes a primary pressing device, a re-dehydration device, a fixation device, a secondary pressing device and a tertiary pressing device; the crushed material is sent into the primary pressing device for extrusion dehydration, the filter residue discharge end material of the primary pressing device is sent into the secondary pressing device for dehydration, the filter residue discharge end material of the secondary pressing device is sent into the fixation device for fixation, and the discharge end material of the fixation device is sent into the tertiary pressing device for extrusion dehydration; the waste liquid discharge end waste liquid of the primary pressing device is sent into the re-dehydration device for solid-liquid separation, the waste liquid discharge end of the re-dehydration device is connected to the waste liquid collection system, and the waste residue discharge end of the re-dehydration device is connected to the feed inlet of the primary pressing device; the waste liquid discharge ends of the secondary pressing device and the tertiary pressing device are connected to the waste liquid collection system.

2. The waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system according to claim 1, wherein: The primary pressing device is a belt pressing dehydrator, the re-dehydration device is a drum dehydration device, the fixation device is a drum fixation device, the secondary pressing device is a centrifugal dehydrator or a screw dehydration device, and the tertiary pressing device is a screw dehydrator.

3. The waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat source of the drum fixation device is the waste heat reuse of the drying device.

4. The waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The belt pressing dehydrator includes a frame (1), a lower conveyor belt (4), an upper pressing belt (6) and a horizontal sweeping device (20); the lower conveyor belt (4) is arranged on the frame (1), the upper pressing belt (6) is arranged above one end of the lower conveyor belt (4), an upper pressing roller (14) is arranged above the docking part of the lower conveyor belt (4) and the upper pressing belt (6), and a lower pressing roller (13) is arranged below; a sewage collection tank is arranged at the bottom of the frame (1), and the sewage collection tank is connected to the drum dehydration device through a pump and a pipeline; a horizontal sweeping device (20) is arranged at the other end of the lower conveyor belt (4), and the horizontal sweeping device (20) includes a slide rail (9), a screw slider mechanism (10), a connecting rod (11) and a leveling plowshare (12); the slide rail (9) is arranged on the frame (1) and suspended above the lower conveyor belt (4), the slider of the screw slider mechanism (10) is slidably connected to the slide rail (9), the connecting rod (11) is arranged below the slider, and the leveling plowshare (12) is arranged on the connecting rod (11); the leveling plowshare (12) includes a vertically arranged common cutting edge (121), two horizontally arranged cutting edges (122) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the common cutting edge (121), and upper cutting edges (123) and lower cutting edges (124) symmetrically arranged at the ends of the vertical common cutting edge (121).

5. A waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontal cutting edges (122), the upper cutting edges (123) and the lower cutting edges (124) are arc-shaped.

6. The waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system according to claim 2, wherein: The drum - type dehydration device includes a drum tank (31), a liquid discharge pipe (32), a drum (33), a drum motor (34), a feed pipe (36), a solid collection tank (37), and a slag discharge pipe (38); a liquid discharge pipe (32) is arranged at the bottom of the drum tank (31), a drum (33) is rotatably arranged inside the drum tank (31), the drum (33) is connected to the rotating shaft of the drum motor (34) through a coupling, the drum motor (34) is arranged outside the drum tank (31), a feed pipe (36) is arranged on one side of the drum tank (31), and the discharge port of the feed pipe (36) faces one side opening of the drum (33); a solid collection tank (37) is arranged at the bottom of the other side opening of the drum (33), and the solid collection tank (37) is connected to the slag discharge pipe (38); a scraping device is arranged inside the drum (33), and the scraping device includes a scraper (39), a connecting rod (316), and a telescopic device (317); one end of the connecting rod (316) is rotatably arranged inside the drum tank (31), and the other end is connected to the scraper (39), and the scraper (39) is arranged on the inner surface of the screen (310) of the drum (33). One end of the telescopic device (317) is rotatably arranged inside the drum tank (31), and the other end is rotatably arranged on the connecting rod (316).

7. The waste fruit and vegetable dehydration system according to claim 2, wherein: A temporary storage bin is arranged after the three - stage pressing device.

8. A method for dehydrating using any one of the waste fruit and vegetable dehydration systems described in claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Use a first - stage pressing device to perform primary extrusion dehydration on the material; S2: Transport the filter residue after dehydration by the first - stage pressing device to the second - stage pressing device for centrifugal dehydration or screw pressing dehydration; meanwhile, the wastewater generated after dehydration by the first - stage pressing device is transported to the re - dehydration device through a pipeline and a pump for solid - liquid separation; S3: Transport the solid filter residue separated by the re - dehydration device to the surface of the material of the first - stage pressing device again to perform extrusion dehydration together with the new material, and the wastewater generated by the re - dehydration device is discharged into the waste liquid collection system; S4: Transport the filter residue generated by the second - stage pressing device into the blanching device for blanching; S5: Transport the filter residue generated by the blanching device into the third - stage pressing device for extrusion dehydration, transport the dehydrated filter residue into the drying device for drying, and discharge the filtrate wastewater into the waste liquid collection system.

9. A method for dehydrating waste fruits and vegetables according to the dehydration system as claimed in claim 8, wherein: In step S1, a belt - type pressing device is used as the first - stage pressing device to continuously and uninterruptedly perform extrusion dehydration on the material; In step S2, a screw pressing device is used as the second - stage pressing device, and the filter cake generated by the belt - type pressing device is transported to the screw pressing device through a screw conveying device for screw pressing dehydration; In step S3, a drum - type dehydration device is used as the re - dehydration device to separate the solids and suspended substances in the waste liquid of the belt - type pressing device, and the wastewater generated by the re - dehydration device is discharged into the waste liquid collection system through a pipeline system; In step S4, a drum - type blanching device is used for blanching; In step S5, a screw pressing device is used as the third - stage pressing device, and the filter cake generated by the blanching device is transported to the screw pressing device through a screw conveying device for screw pressing dehydration.

10. A method for dehydrating an abandoned fruit and vegetable dehydration system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: In step S4, the heat source of the drum-type green tea fixation device is the waste heat reuse of the drying device. Before the waste heat source is introduced into the drum-type green tea fixation device, dehumidification treatment is performed on the heat source.

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