Multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated shock isolation and absorption device and shock isolation and absorption method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated shock isolation and absorption device and a shock isolation and absorption method thereof. The device comprises an upper pressure-bearing steel plate, a lower pressure-bearing steel plate, a core shock pad and a plurality of friction type cylindrical dampers, wherein the friction type cylindrical dampers are uniformly arranged around the core shock pad. The upper pressure-bearing steel plate and the lower pressure-bearing steel plate are respectively connected with an upper structure and a foundation; the friction type cylindrical damper is connected with the upper pressure-bearing steel plate and the lower pressure-bearing steel plate through metal sliding rails. The middle core shock pad is connected with the upper pressure-bearing cover plate and the lower pressure-bearing cover plate through the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate. The vibration isolation and reduction device has multi-dimensional vibration isolation and reduction capacity, and can perform real-time monitoring and feedback on dynamic response under the action of an earthquake, so that the stress and damage conditions of the device and an upper structure in the earthquake are calculated, later device maintenance and replacement and structure reinforcement and repair work are conveniently carried out, and the service life of the device is prolonged. And a data reference is provided for carrying out post-earthquake work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock absorption device and an isolation and shock absorption method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Earthquake is one of the natural disasters caused by the activities of the earth, which will generate huge stresses on structures, resulting in the collapse or local damage of buildings. In recent years, the heights of various building structures and bridges have been increasing continuously, and the seismic requirements for structures have also been continuously improving.

[0003] At present, an effective control method for seismic action is to set isolation devices between the superstructure and the foundation of building structures and bridges, such as various rubber bearings, friction pendulum bearings, etc., to extend the natural vibration period of the superstructure and absorb seismic energy, thereby reducing the seismic response of the superstructure. However, the current isolation technology is mainly used to isolate the horizontal seismic action. In some high-intensity earthquake areas, the vertical acceleration component of ground motion also causes obvious damage to structures; in addition, for some structures with relatively high heights or large height-width ratios, the overturning moment caused by the coupling action of the uplift force generated by the vertical seismic action and the horizontal seismic force will increase the risk of overturning of isolated buildings and isolated bridges. Therefore, in the isolation and shock absorption control of structures, the influence of the vertical component of ground motion and the resulting overturning moment on the isolated structure should be fully considered, and effective isolation and prevention should be carried out on it.

[0004] In addition, real-time monitoring of the vibration response of structures is also an important content in the field of structural vibration control in recent years. Through monitoring, the damage condition of the structure can be effectively calculated, which is convenient for the later repair work. However, the current structural monitoring function is often realized through independent modules, which increases the cost of equipment installation and later maintenance, and cannot achieve the purpose of simultaneously monitoring the isolation device and the superstructure.

[0005] Therefore, it is very necessary to study a new type of anti-uplift device applicable to building structures with large height-width ratios and bridge structures with large net heights, solve the problem that the existing isolation bearings are limited in anti-uplift and anti-overturning capabilities, and reasonably cooperate the monitoring function module with the isolation and shock absorption bearing to realize the integration of isolation, shock absorption and real-time monitoring functions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Objective: Aiming at the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock absorption device and an isolation and shock absorption method thereof. The device has multi-dimensional vibration isolation and shock absorption capabilities, and can monitor and feedback the dynamic response under seismic action in real time, so as to calculate the force and damage conditions of the device and the superstructure during an earthquake, which is convenient for the later maintenance and replacement of the device and the reinforcement and repair of the structure, and provides data reference for the post-earthquake work.

[0007] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock absorption device, comprising:

[0009] An upper bearing steel plate and a lower bearing steel plate, which are horizontally parallel to each other;

[0010] A core shock absorption pad, which is arranged between the upper bearing steel plate and the lower bearing steel plate and is located at the center of the upper bearing steel plate and the lower bearing steel plate;

[0011] An upper connecting slide rail, which is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper bearing cover plate and is located outside the core shock absorption pad;

[0012] A lower connecting slide rail, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower bearing cover plate and is located outside the core shock absorption pad;

[0013] A plurality of friction-type cylindrical dampers are connected between the upper connecting slide rail and the lower connecting slide rail. The upper end of the friction-type cylindrical damper is clamped with the upper connecting slide rail through an upper slide rail fastener, and the lower end of the friction-type cylindrical damper is clamped with the lower connecting slide rail through a lower slide rail fastener;

[0014] The upper connecting slide rail and the lower connecting slide rail are perpendicular to each other in space, and are used to cooperate with the core shock absorption pad and the friction-type cylindrical damper to generate displacements in all horizontal directions, bear vertical pressures, and resist vertical pulling forces;

[0015] Beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) In the isolation and shock absorption device of the present invention, a core shock absorption pad is arranged at the central position between the upper and lower bearing steel plates. The core shock absorption pad will generate a horizontal misalignment displacement to dissipate the horizontal vibration energy, achieving the effect of shock absorption and energy dissipation. Friction-type cylindrical dampers are arranged outside the core shock absorption pad. The upper and lower bearing steel plates are connected to the friction-type cylindrical dampers by metal slide rails. While ensuring the translation in any angle and the misalignment displacement of the core shock absorption pad at any angle under the horizontal seismic action of the device, the connection by metal slide rails hardly increases the additional horizontal stiffness of the device, realizing the beneficial effect of the overall "anti-pulling but not anti-shearing" of the device. When the device is subjected to a vertical pulling force, the preloaded spring bolt can generate a certain compression displacement in the vertical direction. At this time, the friction-type cylindrical damper mainly bears the vertical pulling force, avoiding the tensile failure of the core shock absorption pad.

[0017] (2) The connection design of the friction-type cylindrical damper and the metal slide rail enables the device to generate a support reaction force on the other side while one side of the friction-type cylindrical damper bears a tensile force when the device rotates and overturns in the vertical plane. The two sides together form a moment to resist overturning, enabling the device to have a good anti-overturning effect in the vertical direction.

[0018] (3) In the horizontal and vertical directions, the anti-overturning isolation and shock-absorbing device as a whole forms a weak rigidity layer compared with the main structure, thereby achieving the isolation effect in both the horizontal and vertical directions. In addition, the horizontal core shock-absorbing pad and the vertical friction cylinder damper enable the device to have a good energy dissipation and shock-absorbing effect on both horizontal and vertical earthquakes.

[0019] (4) By installing a displacement and inclination monitor on the inner side of the upper bearing steel plate, the dynamic response under the action of the earthquake can be monitored and fed back in real time, and the stress and damage of the device and the upper structure during the earthquake can be calculated, which is convenient for the subsequent maintenance and replacement of the device and the reinforcement and repair of the structure, and provides data reference for the post-earthquake work.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, each friction type cylindrical damper has the same structure and comprises:

[0021] An outer cylinder and a piston disposed inside the outer cylinder, wherein the piston comprises:

[0022] The upper piston steel cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder through the first friction energy dissipation component. A piston shaft is provided at the center of the bottom of the upper piston steel cylinder. The upper end of the piston shaft extends upward from the outer end of the outer cylinder, and the upper slide rail fastener is provided. The upper return disc spring group is sleeved between the piston shaft and the upper piston steel cylinder.

[0023] The lower piston steel cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the peripheral cylinder through the second friction energy dissipation component. A convex shaft is provided at the center of the bottom of the cylinder of the lower piston steel cylinder. A cylinder that slidably cooperates with the convex shaft is provided at the center of the inner bottom of the cylinder of the peripheral cylinder. A lower return disc spring group is provided in the cylinder.

[0024] The lower sliding rail fastener is arranged at the center of the outer side of the cylinder bottom of the peripheral cylinder.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The friction type cylindrical damper is provided with friction energy absorbing materials and reset disc spring groups inside. When the device is subjected to tension and compression, the friction energy absorbing materials can provide good energy absorbing capacity. At the same time, the reset disc spring group inside the cylindrical damper can still maintain good deformation and self-resetting ability when subjected to large tonnage loads, so that the device can maintain good load-bearing and self-resetting functions when subjected to compression and tension.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the outer cylinder is formed by connecting two semi-cylindrical shells with the same radius through pre-stressed bolts. After the connection, the friction energy dissipation component has pre-stress;

[0027] The surface of the pre-stress bolt is provided with scale lines, which can adjust the pre-stress value applied to the steel friction plate in real time.

[0028] Beneficial effects: The friction-type cylindrical damper in this device is assembled in a component-by-component manner. On the one hand, it is convenient to apply a pre-pressure to the friction energy dissipation part through the pre-pressure bolts to achieve a better energy dissipation effect. On the other hand, the component-by-component assembly method facilitates the replacement and repair of some damaged components in the later stage, improving the economy and service life of the device.

[0029] In an alternative embodiment, there are two upper connecting sliding rails, which are arranged longitudinally along the upper bearing steel plate;

[0030] There are two lower connecting sliding rails, which are arranged transversely along the lower bearing steel plate;

[0031] The number of the friction-type cylindrical dampers is 4, which are respectively arranged at the four corners between the upper bearing steel plate and the lower bearing steel plate.

[0032] In an alternative embodiment, the core shock-absorbing pad includes a plurality of steel plates, viscoelastic material layers, a central lead bar, an upper sealing plate and a lower sealing plate. Among them, the steel plates and the viscoelastic material layers are alternately laminated in sequence, and the lead bar is located at the center of the core shock-absorbing pad; the upper sealing plate of the core shock-absorbing pad is connected to the upper bearing steel plate through pre-pressure spring bolts; the lower sealing plate of the core shock-absorbing pad is connected to the lower bearing steel plate through high-strength bolts.

[0033] Beneficial effects: The core shock-absorbing pad in this device adopts an assembled connection structure, avoiding the steps of high-temperature and high-pressure vulcanization and being easy to install. During installation, it is convenient to flexibly adjust the height of the core shock-absorbing pad according to the actual situation. When the core shock-absorbing pad is damaged, only the corresponding layer of the damaged part needs to be replaced, greatly reducing the use cost and repair difficulty. In addition, the lead bar in the core shock-absorbing pad has the characteristic of low yield stress, increasing the horizontal stiffness of the device in the early stage and having a beneficial effect on the overall structure in resisting micro-vibrations. The pre-pressure spring bolts connecting the core shock-absorbing pad and the upper bearing cover plate provide a very small pre-pressure and compression space. When the support is vertically tensioned, the upper bearing steel plate will be disengaged from the core shock-absorbing pad, thus avoiding the core shock-absorbing pad in the center from being damaged by tension.

[0034] In an alternative embodiment, limiters are respectively arranged at both ends of the upper connecting sliding rail and both ends of the lower connecting sliding rail to limit the maximum displacement of the friction-type cylindrical damper in the horizontal direction; on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, a first upper limit protrusion and a first lower limit protrusion are arranged along the radial direction of the outer cylinder, and an annular protrusion is arranged on the outer wall of the piston along the radial direction of the piston.

[0035] Beneficial effects: When the device is vertically tensioned, the annular protrusion of the piston in the friction-type cylindrical damper can be limited in the vertical displacement by the upper limit protrusion and the lower limit protrusion, and can play a limiting function when the overall device has a large vertical displacement, improving the overall vertical stiffness of the device and avoiding excessive inclination of the structure in the vertical direction.

[0036] In an alternative embodiment, the first friction energy dissipation component and the second friction energy dissipation component have the same structure, and both include a rubber friction plate and a steel friction plate. Among them, the rubber friction plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the peripheral cylinder, and the steel friction plate is fixed on the outer wall of the piston steel cylinder.

[0037] The present invention further discloses a vibration isolation and damping method based on the multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated vibration isolation and damping device.

[0038] When the multi-dimensional vibration isolation and damping device is subjected to the vibration of the upper structure load and the wind load, the core damping pad controls the wind load vibration and the micro-vibration caused by the upper structure load.

[0039] When the multi-dimensional vibration isolation and damping device is subjected to the seismic action in the horizontal direction, the core damping pad acts as a weak layer and undergoes a horizontal displacement, isolating the earthquake in the horizontal direction; the energy dissipation material in the core damping pad undergoes shear deformation under the horizontal seismic action to consume the energy input by the earthquake, reducing the impact of the earthquake on the upper structure of the bridge, thereby playing a dual role of seismic isolation and damping in the horizontal direction.

[0040] The upper and lower bearing steel plates are connected to the friction-type cylindrical damper by two spatially intersecting connecting slide rails, ensuring that when the device is subjected to the horizontal seismic action, it can achieve translation at any angle in the horizontal direction, thereby ensuring the displacement of the core damping pad at any angle in the horizontal direction and realizing the decoupling of the vertical vibration and the horizontal vibration.

[0041] Under the vertical seismic action, the core damping pad deforms and the friction of the friction-type cylindrical damper are utilized to convert the kinetic energy into internal energy to achieve the energy dissipation effect; at the same time, relative to the overall structure, the core damping pad and the friction-type cylindrical damper form a weak stiffness layer in the vertical direction, which plays a seismic isolation role in the vertical direction, enabling the multi-dimensional vibration isolation and damping device to play a role of vertical seismic isolation and damping. Description of the Drawings

[0042] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional view of the multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated vibration isolation and damping device of the present invention at the depression angle;

[0043] In the figure: 1-1, upper bearing steel plate, 1-2, lower bearing steel plate, 2, core damping pad, 3-1, upper connecting slide rail, 3-2, lower connecting slide rail, 4, friction-type cylindrical damper;

[0044] Figure 2 is the three-dimensional view of the multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated vibration isolation and damping device of the present invention at the elevation angle;

[0045] In the figure, 29, connecting bolt hole;

[0046] Figure 3 is the front view of the multi - dimensional anti - overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock absorption device of the present invention;

[0047] In the figure, 6. pre - pressed spring bolt, 7. visco - elastic energy - dissipating layer, 8. thin steel plate, 9 - 1. upper slide rail fastener, 9 - 2. lower slide rail fastener, 10. pre - pressed bolt, 11. cover plate connection bolt, 12. high - strength bolt, 13. slide rail limit block, 14. slide rail limit bolt, 15. slideway;

[0048] Figure 4 is the side view of the multi - dimensional anti - overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock absorption device of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 is the 1 - 1 sectional view of the friction - type cylindrical damper of the present invention;

[0050] In the figure, 19. cylinder cover plate, 20. internal moving piston, 21. upper reset disc spring group, 22. lower reset disc spring group, 23. cylinder, 24 - 1. first friction energy - dissipating piece, 24 - 2. second friction energy - dissipating piece, 25 - 1. first steel friction plate, 25 - 2. second steel friction plate, 26. upper limit projection, 27 - 1. upper piston steel cylinder, 27 - 2. lower piston steel cylinder;

[0051] Figure 6 is the side view of the friction - type cylindrical damper of the present invention;

[0052] In the figure, 16. peripheral cylinder, 18. connecting wing plate;

[0053] Figure 7 is the left - right isometric view of the friction - type cylindrical damper of the present invention;

[0054] In the figure, 17. cylinder side plate;

[0055] Figure 8 is the 1 / 4 sectional view of the core shock - absorbing pad of the present invention;

[0056] In the figure, 5 - 1. upper sealing plate of the core shock - absorbing pad, 5 - 2. lower sealing plate of the core shock - absorbing pad, 28. lead bar;

[0057] Figure 9 is the isometric view of the cylinder side plate of the friction - type cylindrical damper of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the assembled visco - elastic core shock - absorbing pad of the present invention;

[0059] In the figure, 32. assembled steel plate layer;

[0060] Figure 11 is the schematic diagram and partial view of the slide rail connection part of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the disc spring group of the friction-type cylindrical damper of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the preloading spring bolt for connecting the core shock-absorbing pad of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 14 It is a flowchart for the present invention to detect and evaluate the force state of the device by using a displacement inclination monitor. Specific Embodiments

[0064] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings of the specification. According to the following embodiments, the content of the present invention can be better understood. However, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the content described in the embodiments is only used to illustrate the present invention and should not and will not limit the present invention described in detail in the claims.

[0065] Embodiment 1

[0066] As Figures 1 to 2 shown, the present invention relates to a multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock-absorbing device. The anti-pulling and anti-overturning multi-dimensional isolation and shock-absorbing device is composed of an upper bearing steel plate 1-1, a lower bearing steel plate 1-2, a lead rubber core shock-absorbing pad steel plate layer 10, a lead rubber core shock-absorbing pad rubber material layer 9, a friction-type cylindrical damper 3, and metal slide rails 2-1; 2-2, which are five major parts. The upper bearing steel plate 1-1 and the lower bearing steel plate 1-2 are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the anti-pulling and anti-overturning multi-dimensional isolation and shock-absorbing device. The upper bearing steel plate 1-1 is fixedly connected to the upper structure of the bridge to support the upper beam body, and the lower bearing steel plate 1-2 is fixed on the pier or foundation.

[0067] The friction-type cylindrical damper is located between the upper and lower bearing steel plates. A total of four friction-type cylindrical dampers are used and are symmetrically and evenly installed around the core shock-absorbing pad.

[0068] There are two upper metal slide rails, which are arranged in parallel on the lower surface of the upper bearing steel plate and are connected to the upper bearing steel plate by high-strength bolts; there are two lower metal slide rails, which are arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the lower bearing steel plate and are connected to the lower bearing steel plate by high-strength bolts; the upper and lower metal slide rails are perpendicular to each other in space. The friction-type cylindrical damper is connected to the upper metal slide rail through the upper slide rail fastener and to the lower metal slide rail through the lower slide rail fastener. The slot size of the slide rail fastener is slightly larger than the size of the metal slide rail by 1-2 mm, and the slot part is rounded, and lubrication treatment is carried out on the slide rail fastener and the metal slide rail. The upper metal slide rail is connected to the upper bearing metal cover plate by a number of high-strength bolts, and the lower metal slide rail is connected to the lower bearing metal cover plate by a number of high-strength bolts. Threaded bolt holes are provided on the metal slide rail and the upper and lower bearing cover plates. Thus, it is ensured that translational displacement at any angle can be generated in the horizontal direction, and horizontal misalignment is generated in cooperation with the central lead rubber core shock absorber pad.

[0069] It can be foreseen that in the device of the present invention, a friction-type cylindrical damper is arranged around the core shock absorber pad. When the device is subjected to a vertical pulling force, the preloaded spring bolt can generate a certain amount of compression displacement in the vertical direction. At this time, the friction-type cylindrical damper mainly bears the vertical pulling force, avoiding the pulling failure of the core shock absorber pad.

[0070] In the present invention, the upper and lower bearing steel plates are connected to the friction-type cylindrical damper by metal slide rails. While ensuring translational displacement at any angle under the action of horizontal earthquake of the device and misalignment displacement at any angle of the core shock absorber pad, the use of metal slide rail connection hardly increases the additional stiffness of the device in the horizontal direction, realizing the beneficial effect of the overall "anti-pulling but not anti-shearing" of the device.

[0071] In addition, the connection design of the friction-type cylindrical damper and the metal slide rail enables the device to generate a support reaction force on one side while the friction-type cylindrical damper on the other side bears the tensile force when the device rotates and overturns in the vertical plane. The two sides jointly form a moment to resist overturning, enabling the device to have a good anti-overturning effect in the vertical direction.

[0072] As a further optimization of the technical solution of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the core shock absorber pad 2 includes a number of steel plates 7, viscoelastic material layers 8, a central lead bar 28, an upper sealing plate 5-1 and a lower sealing plate 5-2. Among them, the steel plates 7 and the viscoelastic material layers 8 are alternately laminated in sequence, and the lead bar 28 is located at the center of the core shock absorber pad 2; the upper sealing plate 5-1 of the core shock absorber pad 2 is connected to the upper bearing steel plate 1-1 through the preloaded spring bolt 6; the lower sealing plate 5-2 of the core shock absorber pad 2 is connected to the lower bearing steel plate 1 by high-strength bolts 12.

[0073] The core shock-absorbing pad in this device adopts an assembled connection structure, avoiding the steps of high-temperature and high-pressure vulcanization and being easy to install. During installation, it is convenient to flexibly adjust the height of the core shock-absorbing pad according to the actual situation. When the core shock-absorbing pad is damaged, only the corresponding layer of the damaged part needs to be replaced, greatly reducing the usage cost and the difficulty of repair. In addition, the lead rods in the core shock-absorbing pad have the characteristic of relatively low yield stress, increasing the horizontal stiffness of the device in the early stage and having a beneficial effect on the overall structure in resisting micro-vibrations. The pre-compressed spring bolts connecting the core shock-absorbing pad and the upper bearing cover plate provide a very small pre-pressure and compression space. When the support is vertically tensioned, the upper bearing steel plate will be disengaged from the core shock-absorbing pad, thus avoiding the core shock-absorbing pad in the center from being damaged by tension.

[0074] As a further preference for the technical solution of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, each friction-type cylindrical damper 4 has the same structure and includes: an outer cylinder 16 and a piston 20 arranged inside the outer cylinder 16. The piston 20 includes:

[0075] an upper piston steel cylinder 27-1, which is connected between the inner wall of the outer cylinder through a first friction energy dissipation component. A piston shaft is provided at the center of the bottom of the upper piston steel cylinder. The upper end of the piston shaft extends upward outside the upper end of the outer cylinder 16, and the upper slide rail fastener 9-1 is provided; a upper return disc spring group 21 is sleeved between the piston shaft and the upper piston steel cylinder 27-1;

[0076] a lower piston steel cylinder 27-2, which is connected between the inner wall of the outer cylinder through a second friction energy dissipation component. A convex shaft is provided at the center of the bottom of the lower piston steel cylinder. A cylinder 23 that is slidably matched with the convex shaft is provided at the center of the bottom inside the outer cylinder 16. A lower return disc spring group 22 is provided inside the cylinder 23; the lower slide rail fastener 9-2 is provided at the center of the outer side of the bottom of the outer cylinder 16.

[0077] The first friction energy dissipation component and the second friction energy dissipation component have the same structure and both include a rubber friction plate and a steel friction plate. Among them, the rubber friction plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 16, and the steel friction plate is fixed to the outer wall of the piston steel cylinder.

[0078] It can be understood that the friction-type cylindrical damper part of the present invention is composed of two upper and lower energy dissipation - return units, and the two units are symmetrically distributed. The rubber friction plate and the steel friction plate in the first friction energy dissipation component form the first energy dissipation unit, and the rubber friction plate and the steel friction plate in the second friction energy dissipation component form the second energy dissipation unit. When the device is in tension and compression, the friction energy dissipation material can provide good energy dissipation capacity. At the same time, a return disc spring group is also provided inside the friction-type cylindrical damper. The return disc spring group located inside the cylindrical damper can still maintain good deformation and self-return ability when bearing large-tonnage loads, enabling the device to maintain good load-bearing and self-return functions when in compression and tension.

[0079] In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, a working method of a multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock absorption device is as follows:

[0080] The upper pressure-bearing steel plate is used to support and transfer the load of the upper structure and is fixedly connected to the upper structure. The lower pressure-bearing steel plate is fixed on the foundation.

[0081] According to different factors such as the structure and size of the upper structure, and the different positions of the multi-dimensional isolation and shock absorption device arranged in the structure, the size of the device and the number and arrangement positions of the friction-type cylindrical dampers in the device can be flexibly adjusted.

[0082] When the multi-dimensional isolation and shock absorption device is subjected to load vibration and wind load, the lead bar in the central core shock absorption pad has a relatively low yield stress, which has a good effect on controlling the wind load vibration and the micro-vibration caused by the load, and improves the adaptability of the device to micro-vibration.

[0083] When the multi-dimensional isolation and shock absorption device is subjected to horizontal seismic action, the central core shock absorption pad acts as a weak layer and undergoes horizontal dislocation displacement, while the horizontal vibration response of the upper structure is relatively small, effectively isolating the horizontal seismic action.

[0084] The viscoelastic material and lead bar in the core shock absorption pad have large damping and good energy dissipation capacity, and undergo shear deformation under the horizontal seismic action to consume the energy input by the earthquake, reducing the impact of the earthquake on the upper structure, thus playing a dual role of horizontal isolation and shock absorption.

[0085] The upper and lower pressure-bearing steel plates and the friction-type cylindrical dampers are connected by two intersecting slide rails in space, ensuring that when the device is subjected to horizontal seismic action, it can achieve translation at any angle in the horizontal direction, ensuring the dislocation displacement of the core shock absorption pad at any angle in the horizontal direction.

[0086] Under vertical seismic action, the rubber material in the core shock absorption pad and the friction energy dissipation material in the friction-type cylindrical damper will undergo compression deformation and friction energy dissipation to dissipate the seismic energy. At the same time, the core shock absorption pad and the friction-type cylindrical damper will form a relatively weak stiffness layer compared with the main structure in the vertical direction, which will play a role of vertical isolation. Therefore, the multi-dimensional isolation and shock absorption device can play a role of vertical isolation and shock absorption.

[0087] When the structure causes a large vertical tensile force and a large overturning moment in the device under a large earthquake action, a pre-tightening force is applied in advance through the friction-type cylindrical damper, and the reaction force provided by the cylindrical damper when compressed forms an anti-overturning moment; the friction-type cylindrical damper of the device will bear most of the tensile force and provide an anti-overturning moment. In addition, the pre-compressed spring bolts connecting the core shock-absorbing pad and the upper bearing cover plate provide a very small pre-pressure and compression space. When the support is vertically tensioned, the upper bearing steel plate will be disengaged from the core shock-absorbing pad, thus protecting the core shock-absorbing pad in the center from being damaged by tension.

[0088] Embodiment 2

[0089] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the outer cylinder 16 is composed of two semi-cylindrical shells with the same radius connected by pre-tightening bolts 10. After connection, the friction energy dissipation component has a pre-pressure;

[0090] Scale lines are provided on the surface of the pre-tightening bolt 10, and the pre-pressure value applied to the steel friction plate can be adjusted in real time. The friction-type cylindrical damper in this Embodiment 2 adopts a component assembly method. On the one hand, it is convenient to apply a pre-pressure to the friction energy dissipation part through the pre-tightening bolt to achieve a better energy dissipation effect. On the other hand, the component assembly method is convenient for replacing and repairing some damaged components in the later stage, improving the economy and service life of the device.

[0091] Embodiment 3

[0092] In this embodiment, limit members are respectively provided at both ends of the upper connecting slide rail 3-1 and both ends of the lower connecting slide rail 3-2 to limit the maximum displacement of the friction-type cylindrical damper in the horizontal direction;

[0093] Upper limit protrusions and lower limit protrusions are provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 16 along the radial direction of the outer cylinder, and an annular protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the piston 20 along the radial direction of the piston 20.

[0094] A limit device is provided on the cylinder side plate to produce a limiting function when the internal moving piston in the friction-type cylindrical damper generates a large vertical displacement, avoiding a large inclination angle of the upper structure.

[0095] Embodiment 4

[0096] In this embodiment, the core shock-absorbing pad is replaced by an assembled viscoelastic core shock-absorbing pad from a lead bar viscoelastic shock-absorbing pad, and its specific structure is as Figure 10As shown. The size of the viscoelastic material layer is slightly smaller than that of the steel plate layer, and the upper and lower surfaces of the steel plate layer are grooved to make the connection between the viscoelastic material layer and the assembled steel plate layer closer. In addition, after the installation of the bearing, the self-weight of the upper structure will produce a preloading effect on the assembled core shock pad, and its contact will be closer. The rest of the device structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1. Avoid high-temperature and high-pressure vulcanization, simplify the preparation process, and the height of the device size can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs;

[0097] Embodiment 5

[0098] In this embodiment, the viscoelastic material layer of the core shock pad is replaced with high-damping rubber, and the core shock pad changes from a cylindrical shape to a cubic shape.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock absorption device, characterized in that, Comprising: An upper bearing steel plate (1-1) and a lower bearing steel plate (1-2), which are horizontally parallel to each other; A core shock-absorbing pad (2), which is arranged between the upper bearing steel plate (1-1) and the lower bearing steel plate (1-2) and is located at the center of the upper bearing steel plate (1-1) and the lower bearing steel plate (1-2); An upper connecting slide rail (3-1), which is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper bearing cover plate (1-1) and is located outside the core shock-absorbing pad (2); A lower connecting slide rail (3-2), which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower bearing cover plate (1-2) and is located outside the core shock-absorbing pad (2); A plurality of friction-type cylindrical dampers (4) are connected between the upper connecting slide rail (3-1) and the lower connecting slide rail (3-2). The upper end of the friction-type cylindrical damper (4) is clamped with the upper connecting slide rail (3-1) through an upper slide rail fastener (9-1), and the lower end of the friction-type cylindrical damper (4) is clamped with the lower connecting slide rail (3-2) through a lower slide rail fastener (9-2); The upper connecting slide rail (3-1) and the lower connecting slide rail (3-2) are perpendicular to each other in space, and are used to cooperate with the core shock-absorbing pad (2) and the friction-type cylindrical damper (3) to generate displacements in all horizontal directions, bear vertical pressures and resist vertical pulling forces; A displacement inclination monitor (30) is installed inside the upper bearing steel plate, and is used to monitor device stress, strain, dynamic displacement, acceleration and inclination data information in real time.

2. The multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that Each friction-type cylindrical damper (4) has the same structure and all includes: An outer cylinder (16) and a piston (20) arranged inside the outer cylinder (16). The piston (20) includes: An upper piston steel cylinder (27-1), which is connected between the inner wall of the outer cylinder through a first friction energy-consuming component. A piston shaft is provided at the center of the bottom of the upper piston steel cylinder. The upper end of the piston shaft extends upward outside the upper end of the outer cylinder (16), and the upper slide rail fastener (9-1) is provided; A upper return disc spring group (21) is sleeved between the piston shaft and the upper piston steel cylinder (27-1); A lower piston steel cylinder (27-2), which is connected between the inner wall of the outer cylinder through a second friction energy-consuming component. A convex shaft is provided at the center of the bottom of the lower piston steel cylinder. A cylinder (23) that is slidably matched with the convex shaft is arranged at the center of the inner bottom of the outer cylinder (16), and a lower return disc spring group (22) is arranged inside the cylinder (23); The lower slide rail fastener (9-2) is arranged at the center of the outer bottom of the outer cylinder (16).

3. The multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock-absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that The outer cylinder (16) is formed by connecting two semi-cylindrical shells with the same radius through a preloading bolt (10). After connection, the friction energy-consuming component has a preloading force; Scale lines are arranged on the surface of the preloading bolt (10), and the preloading force value applied to the steel friction plate can be adjusted in real time.

4. The multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that There are two upper connecting slide rails (3-1), which are arranged longitudinally along the upper bearing steel plate (1-1); There are two lower connecting slide rails (3-2), which are arranged transversely along the lower bearing steel plate (1-2); The number of the friction type cylindrical dampers (4) is 4, which are respectively arranged at four corners between the upper bearing steel plate (1-1) and the lower bearing steel plate (1-2).

5. The multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that The core shock absorption pad (2) includes a plurality of steel plates (7), viscoelastic material layers (8), a central lead bar (28), an upper sealing plate (5-1) and a lower sealing plate (5-2). Among them, the steel plates (7) and the viscoelastic material layers (8) are alternately laminated in sequence, and the lead bar (28) is located at the central position of the core shock absorption pad (2); the upper sealing plate (5-1) of the core shock absorption pad (2) is connected to the upper bearing steel plate (1-1) through a pre-compressed spring bolt (6); the lower sealing plate (5-2) of the core shock absorption pad (2) is connected to the lower bearing steel plate (1) through a high-strength bolt (12).

6. The multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock absorption device according to claim 2, characterized in that Limiters are respectively arranged at both ends of the upper connecting slide rail (3-1) and both ends of the lower connecting slide rail (3-2) to limit the maximum displacement of the friction type cylindrical damper in the horizontal direction; On the inner wall of the outer cylinder (16), upper limit protrusions and lower limit protrusions are arranged radially along the outer cylinder, and on the outer wall of the piston (20), an annular protrusion is arranged radially along the piston (20).

7. The multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock absorption device according to claim 2, characterized in that The first friction energy dissipation component and the second friction energy dissipation component have the same structure, and both include a rubber friction plate and a steel friction plate. Among them, the rubber friction plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (16), and the steel friction plate is fixed on the outer wall of the piston steel cylinder.

8. An isolation and shock absorption method based on the multi-dimensional anti-overturning and monitoring integrated isolation and shock absorption device according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that When the multi-dimensional isolation and shock absorption device is subjected to the vibration of the upper structure load and the wind load, the core shock absorption pad (2) controls the wind load vibration and the micro-vibration caused by the upper structure load; When the multi-dimensional isolation and shock absorption device is subjected to the seismic action in the horizontal direction, the core shock absorption pad (2) acts as a weak layer and undergoes a horizontal displacement of dislocation to isolate the earthquake in the horizontal direction; the energy dissipation material in the core shock absorption pad (2) undergoes shear deformation under the horizontal action of the earthquake to consume the energy input by the earthquake, reduce the influence of the earthquake on the upper structure of the bridge, and thus play a dual role of isolation and shock absorption in the horizontal direction; The upper and lower pressure-bearing steel plates are connected to the friction-type cylindrical damper (4) by two spatially intersecting connecting slide rails, ensuring that when the device is subjected to horizontal seismic action, translation in any horizontal direction can be achieved, thereby ensuring the misalignment displacement of the core shock-absorbing pad (2) at any angle in the horizontal direction and realizing the decoupling of vertical vibration and horizontal vibration; Under vertical seismic action, by utilizing the deformation of the core shock-absorbing pad (2) and the friction of the friction-type cylindrical damper (4), kinetic energy is converted into internal energy to achieve an energy dissipation effect; at the same time, relative to the overall structure, the core shock-absorbing pad (2) and the friction-type cylindrical damper (4) form a weak stiffness layer in the vertical direction, which plays an isolation role in the vertical direction, enabling the multi-dimensional isolation and shock-absorbing device to play a vertical isolation and shock-absorbing role.

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