Spectrum device

Abstract

The invention provides a spectrum device which comprises a shell, a dispersion element and a detector, the shell is provided with a containing space, an entrance slit is formed in the shell, incident light enters the containing space through the entrance slit, the dispersion element is opposite to the entrance slit, the dispersion element is used for splitting the incident light, and the detector is used for detecting the incident light. The detector receives an incident light signal, and the dispersion element and the detector are arranged in the accommodating space of the shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of spectral detection, and in particular to a spectral device. Background Art

[0002] The description herein only provides background information related to the present invention and does not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] A spectrometer is a scientific instrument that decomposes complex light into spectral lines and is composed of a prism, a diffraction grating, etc. Using a spectrometer, the light reflected from the surface of an object can be measured. The seven colors of light in sunlight are the part that can be distinguished by the naked eye (visible light). However, if sunlight is decomposed by a spectrometer and arranged according to wavelength, visible light only occupies a very small range in the spectrum, and the rest are spectra that cannot be distinguished by the naked eye, such as infrared rays, microwaves, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and so on. By capturing light information through a spectrometer, developing it on a photographic film, or displaying and analyzing it with a computerized automatic display numerical instrument, it is possible to know what elements are contained in an item. This technology has been widely used in the detection of air pollution, water pollution, food hygiene, the metal industry, etc.

[0004] However, in the prior art, in order to ensure good resolution of the spectrometer, it is generally necessary to ensure the performance of each component and the corresponding installation accuracy, etc., and at the same time, a sufficiently long optical path is also required. Therefore, the existing spectrometers not only have a high cost but also have a relatively large overall size. The existing spectrometers have the disadvantages of multiple components and a long optical path. On the one hand, due to the large number of components in the structure of the existing spectrometer, the requirement for installation accuracy is high, which undoubtedly increases the manufacturing difficulty and cost; on the other hand, the large number of component structures and the need for a long optical path will also affect the relatively large size of the overall spectrometer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One main advantage of the present invention is to provide a spectral device, in which the design of the spectral device eliminates the collimating element, and on this basis, the performance of the spectrometer is maintained at a relatively good level as much as possible.

[0006] Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a spectral device, in which the size of the spectral device is relatively small on the premise of ensuring that the resolution meets the requirements, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization of the structure.

[0007] Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a spectral device, in which the resolution is improved on the premise of ensuring the size, which is conducive to improving the working performance of the spectral device.

[0008] Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a spectral device, in which an optical component is arranged in front of the entrance slit for light collection, so that the recognition range can be expanded, which is convenient for the use of the spectrometer.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, a spectral device of the present invention capable of achieving the foregoing objects and other objects and advantages includes:

[0010] A housing having an accommodation space, and an incident slit is formed in the housing, and incident light enters the accommodation space through the incident slit. Wherein, the incident slit simultaneously acts as a diffraction effect and a geometric effect on the incident light;

[0011] A dispersion element and a detector, wherein the dispersion element is opposite to the incident slit, the dispersion element disperses the incident light, and the detector receives the incident light signal, and the dispersion element and the detector are disposed in the accommodation space of the housing.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spectral device further includes at least one optical element, wherein the at least one optical element is located at the front end of the light incident direction of the incident slit, and the incident light passes through the optical element and then passes through the incident slit to reach the dispersion element.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the optical element is selected from a component combination consisting of a lens, a light homogenizer, and a microlens array.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the housing further has an installation cavity, wherein the installation cavity is communicated with the incident slit, and the optical element is fixed in the installation cavity of the housing.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the depth of the incident slit is 1.5 to 4 mm.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the depth of the incident slit is 2 to 3 mm.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the width of the incident slit is 0.1 - 0.5 mm.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the angle between the line connecting the center of the incident slit and the center of the dispersion element and the line connecting the center of the detector and the center of the dispersion element is 30 - 120°.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spectral device further includes a processing unit, wherein the processing unit is electrically connected to the detector.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spectral device further includes at least one collimation assembly, wherein the collimation assembly is disposed behind the light exit side of the incident slit, that is, the incident light incident through the incident slit is collimated by the collimation assembly and then irradiated on the dispersion element.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the collimating assembly includes a first collimator, a second collimator, and a first reflector and a second reflector disposed between the first collimator and the second collimator, wherein the first reflector is located at the rear end in the light emitting direction of the first collimator, the second reflector is located at the front end in the light incident direction of the second collimator, and the first reflector and the second reflector face each other directly. The first collimator is located behind the incident slit, and the light emitted from the incident slit enters the first collimator, is collimated by the first collimator and reaches the first reflector, and a first collimation optical path is formed between the first collimator and the first reflector.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spectral device further includes at least one optical path adjustment assembly, wherein the optical path adjustment assembly is disposed behind the light emitting square of the incident slit, and the optical path adjustment assembly includes a first reflection unit and a second reflection unit, wherein the first reflection unit faces the second reflection unit, the first reflection unit reflects the incident light to the second reflection unit, and a reflection optical path is formed between the first reflection unit and the second reflection unit, and the second reflection unit reflects the incident light to the dispersion element, and a second reflection optical path is formed between the second reflection unit and the dispersion element.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first reflector has a first reflection surface, and the second reflector has a second reflection surface, wherein the first reflection surface of the first reflector faces the second reflection surface of the second reflector directly.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the direction of the first collimation optical path formed by the first collimator is parallel or substantially parallel to the direction of the second collimation optical path formed by the second collimator.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plane where the first reflection surface of the first reflector is located and the plane where the second reflection surface of the second reflector is located are parallel to each other.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the collimating assembly further includes a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the first collimator is disposed on the first substrate, and the second collimator is disposed on the second substrate.

[0027] Through the understanding of the subsequent description and the drawings, the further objects and advantages of the present invention will be fully embodied.

[0028] These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are fully embodied by the following detailed description and the drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same components. Among them:

[0030] Figure 1 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a spectroscopic device according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the housing of the spectroscopic device manufactured according to the above first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the optical element of the spectroscopic device according to the above first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slit of the spectroscopic device according to the above first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a spectroscopic device according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another alternative embodiment of a spectroscopic device according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0036] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations. The basic principles defined in the following description can be applied to other implementation schemes, variant schemes, improvement schemes, equivalent schemes, and other technical schemes that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0037] Those skilled in the art should understand that in the disclosure of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0038] It is understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more". That is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in other embodiments, the number of the element can be multiple. The term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0039] Referring to the accompanying drawings of the present application Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a spectral device according to a first preferred embodiment of the present application is illustrated in the following description. The spectral device includes a housing 10, a dispersion element 20 and a detector 30 disposed in the housing 10, and an incident slit 40 formed in the housing 10. The housing 10 has an accommodation space 101, and the dispersion element 20 and the detector 30 are accommodated in the accommodation space 101 by the housing 10. The incident slit 40 is formed in the housing 10 and communicates with the accommodation space 101 of the housing 10. The incident slit 40 is opposite to the dispersion element 20, that is, incident light reaches the dispersion element 20 through the incident slit 40.

[0040] Preferably, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the dispersion element 20 and the detector 30 are fixedly disposed in the accommodation space 101 of the housing 10.

[0041] It is worth mentioning that the dispersion element 20 can be implemented as a diffraction grating, a blazed grating, etc., which mainly splits incident light. The detector 30 array can be implemented as a CCD chip, a CMOS chip or other detectors, or can be an imaging module, and can receive incident light signals.

[0042] The spectral device further includes at least one optical element 50, where the at least one optical element 50 is located at the front end in the light incident direction of the incident slit 40, that is, incident light passes through the optical element 50 and then passes through the incident slit 40 to reach the dispersion element 20. The optical element 50 can be implemented as a lens, a light homogenizing element, a microlens array, etc.

[0043] It is understood that since the general size of the incident slit 40 is small, this will result in a small recognition range of the corresponding spectral device, that is, the object to be recognized must be located within the recognizable range of the incident slit 40, which undoubtedly is not conducive to the use of the spectral device. Therefore, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the optical element 50 is disposed in front of the incident slit 40 in the light incident direction to collect light, so that the recognition range can be expanded and it is convenient for the use of the spectral device.

[0044] Preferably, the optical element 50 is disposed on the housing 10, that is, the optical element 50 is supported by the housing in front of the incident slit 40.

[0045] Specifically, the housing 10 is further provided with an installation cavity 102, wherein the installation cavity 102 communicates with the incident slit 40 and is located at the front end of the light incident direction of the incident slit 40, and the optical element 50 is fixed in the installation cavity 102 of the housing 10. Preferably, the installation cavity 102 and the incident slit 40 are integrally formed in the housing 10, and the optical element 50 is installed in the installation cavity 102. The size of the installation cavity 102 is adapted to the optical element 50.

[0046] It can be understood that the installation cavity 102 is located outside the housing 10, that is, the installation cavity 102 is a semi-grooved structure formed on the outside of the housing 10. The optical element 50 is fixed in the installation cavity 102, and one side of the optical element 50 faces the external environment. In individual embodiments, the installation cavity 102 can also be formed inside the housing 10, that is, the optical element 50 is attached to the inside of the housing 10, which can further save space and is beneficial to miniaturization.

[0047] In an individual example of the present application, the optical element 50 is detachably arranged in the installation cavity 102 of the housing 10, and the type of the optical element 50 can be replaced according to different requirements; or the optical element 50 is not used. For example, in a low-light environment, the optical element 50 can be removed so that light can directly enter through the incident slit 40, avoiding the loss of incident light energy by the optical element 50. For example, in the case of needing focusing, optical elements such as lenses and microlens arrays are installed in the installation cavity; and in the case of needing to homogenize incident light, a light homogenizing sheet can be installed in the installation cavity.

[0048] The spectral device further includes a processing unit 60, wherein the processing unit 60 is electrically connected to the detector 30, and the processing unit 60 can be arranged inside the housing 10 or can be arranged outside the housing 10 of the spectral device, and there is no limitation thereto.

[0049] Such as Figure 1As shown, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the optical element 50 is preferably a light homogenizing sheet, which is attached to the mounting cavity 102 of the housing 10. The incident slit 40 is directly opposite to the dispersion element 20, and the light incident on the incident slit 40 through the optical element 50 reaches the surface of the dispersion element 20. It can be understood that the incident light becomes more uniform after passing through the light homogenizing sheet, and then enters the dispersion element through the incident slit 40. The dispersion element disperses the incident light, disperses the composite light incident from the slit into monochromatic light, and reflects it to the detector 30 at different angles. The detector 30 receives the light source signal and converts it into an electrical signal and transmits it to the calculation unit. The calculation unit analyzes it to obtain the spectral information of the composite light. The analysis result is stored in the processing unit or output through the data transmission interface provided thereon.

[0050] It should be understood that, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, if the size of the incident slit 40 and the distance from the light outlet of the incident slit 40 to the surface of the dispersion element enable the size of the spectral device to be miniaturized as much as possible, the performance of the spectral device will not be greatly affected. For example, it is required that the resolution of the spectrometer reaches 1 - 10 nm, or within 5 nm, and even within 1 nm can be achieved.

[0051] It can be understood that the incident slit 40 is a through hole formed on the side or top of the housing 10. The incident slit 40 has a slit channel 401, an incident port 402 located at the incident end of the slit channel 401, and an exit port 403 located at the exit end of the slit channel 401. Let the width, depth, and length of the slit channel 401 of the incident slit 40 be a, b, and c, where the depth refers to the distance from the incident port 402 to the exit port 403 of the incident slit 40 along the incident direction of the incident light; the distance from the exit port 403 of the incident slit 40 to the surface of the dispersion element 20 is l. Since the length c generally only needs to match the length of the diffraction grating and has little impact on the optical path design and performance of the spectral device, the relationship between the width a, depth b, and distance l of the incident slit 40 is mainly considered. For the distance l, generally according to the requirements of the spectral device size, as well as the size of the incident slit 40 and the limitation of the dispersion element 20, that is, if the distance l is too small, the incident light cannot be effectively diffused, resulting in only a small part of the grating working, which is not conducive to ensuring the spectral accuracy; if the distance l is too large, the size of the entire spectral device will be too large. Therefore, when the size of the spectral device is determined, the dispersion element 20 can be made as far away from the incident slit 40 as possible.

[0052] Furthermore, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, a lensless collimation optical path is adopted for the incident slit 40. When the incident slit 40 is relatively large, the geometric size of the incident slit 40 controls the size of the exit angle. As Figure 4 shown, the incident angle is determined by the width and depth of the incident slit 40, and tan(α / 2) = b / a. However, when the exit angle is too large (>10°), the spectral bandwidth exceeds 20 nanometers, affecting the spectral accuracy, that is, the resolution is poor. This effect can be defined as a geometric effect, and to a certain extent, it can be understood that the incident slit plays a role in controlling the exit angle and other aspects in a geometric sense.

[0053] When the width of the incident slit 40 is reduced to the micron level, the diffraction of the incident slit 40 will play a major role. a(sinα + sini) = mλ, and the 0th-order exit angle that occupies the main energy is <0.5 degrees, and the spectral bandwidth is less than 1 nm. However, at this time, the too-small incident slit 40 causes a decrease in the light energy transmission amount and a decrease in the system signal-to-noise ratio. It is necessary to calculate the diffraction effect when light passes through the incident slit 40. For example, when collimated light is incident, the angle of the diffracted light is determined by the width a of the incident slit and the main wavelength λ.

[0054] For example, the angular width of the 0th-order principal maximum The corresponding spectral width where N is the number of grating lines and i is the incident angle; the spectral width Δλ can be further understood as the resolution of the spectrum. Therefore, the larger the number of grating lines N, the larger the incident angle i, or the smaller the Δθ, the smaller the corresponding resolution can be achieved, and the higher the accuracy of the spectral device. However, the smaller the angular width Δθ of the principal maximum requires the larger the width of the incident slit 40, which indicates that the role of the incident slit 40 in the present invention cannot be explained by only one of the geometric effect and the diffraction effect.

[0055] In this preferred embodiment of the present application, the incident slit 40 has a geometric effect and a diffraction effect on the incident light. Under the combined action of the two, the structure of the spectral device can be simplified, and the optical path structure of the spectral device can be optimized. That is to say, the spectral device in this preferred embodiment of the present application can meet the requirements for the resolution of the spectral device without a collimating lens, simplifies the structure, and is beneficial to the miniaturization of the structure.

[0056] Specifically, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the incident slit 40 formed on the housing 10 can control the size of the entire optical path; when the depth of the incident slit 40 is too small, the geometric effect is often large, which will cause the exit angle to become larger, resulting in a decrease in resolution; when the slit depth is too large, it will also cause the light intensity of the incident light to be too weak, which is not conducive to subsequent detection. Therefore, in the present invention, the depth of the incident slit 40 is controlled to be 1.5 - 4 mm. Preferably, the depth b of the incident slit 40 is 2 - 3 mm, such as 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm. It should be noted that the depth b of the incident slit 40 will be affected to a certain extent by the size of the width a of the incident slit 40. The range of the depth b of the incident slit 40 in the present invention is also determined with reference to the width a of the incident slit in the present invention to a certain extent.

[0057] In this preferred embodiment of the present application, the incident slit 40 formed on the housing 10 can control the size of the entire optical path; when the width of the incident slit 40 is too large, the slit often does not produce a diffraction effect; when the slit width is too small, it will also cause the light intensity of the incident light to be too weak, which is not conducive to subsequent detection. When the spectral resolution reaches 1 - 5 nm, the incident slit 40 of the present invention needs to control the exit angle at about 1°, and at this time, the width a of the incident slit 40 can be set at 0.1 - 0.5 mm. At this time, the geometric effect and the diffraction effect play a joint role, and the width of 0.1 - 0.5 mm can effectively ensure the light efficiency, that is, ensure that the light transmittance is not too low and can also produce a geometric effect.

[0058] In this preferred embodiment of the present application, the incident light first enters the optical element 50, is homogenized by the optical element (light homogenizing sheet), then enters the incident slit 40, exits after the combined action of the geometric effect and the diffraction effect, reaches the dispersion element 20 (grating), is dispersed by the dispersion element, and finally is received by the detector 30.

[0059] It should be noted that the angle between the line connecting the center of the incident slit 40 and the center of the dispersion element 20 and the line connecting the center of the detector 30 and the center of the dispersion element 20 in the present invention is 30 - 120°, that is, by folding the optical path, the overall size of the spectral device can be controlled. Preferably, the angle between the line connecting the center of the incident slit 40 and the center of the dispersion element 20 and the line connecting the center of the detector 30 and the center of the dispersion element 20 is 90°.

[0060] By way of example but not limitation, the dispersion element 20 is implemented as a blazed grating. When the diffraction grating is 1200 lines / mm, the angle between the line connecting the center of the incident slit 40 and the center of the dispersion element 20 and the line connecting the center of the detector 30 and the center of the dispersion element 20 can be set at 80°, and the spectral resolution will be relatively high.

[0061] The housing 10 of this preferred embodiment of the present invention can be integrally formed by machining or assembled from multiple modules. The housing 10 includes a housing main body 11, a support base 12 disposed on the housing main body 11, and a bracket 13 for fixing the dispersion element 20. The housing main body 11 and the support base 12 of the housing 10 together form the accommodation space 101 of the housing 10. The support base 12 is located below the housing main body 11. The detector 30 and the processing unit 60 are disposed on the support base 12, and the support base 12 can also be implemented as a circuit board and is electrically connected to the detector 30.

[0062] It is worth mentioning that in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the incident slit 40 is formed on a side wall of the housing main body 11, and the height where the incident slit 40 is located is substantially the same as the height where the dispersion element 20 is fixed.

[0063] The bracket 13 is disposed inside the top end of the housing main body 11 and is opposite to the support base 12. The dispersion element 20 is fixed in the accommodation space 101 by the bracket 13. It is worth mentioning that in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the bracket 13 has a fixed support surface, and the fixed support surface of the bracket 13 is an inclined surface that is inclined towards the direction of the incident slit 40 so that the light incident from the incident slit 40 reaches the surface of the dispersion element 20.

[0064] In another alternative embodiment of the present application, the detector 30 can also be implemented as an imaging module. The imaging module includes a detector and an optical lens, and the optical lens is located on the light-sensitive path of the detector. In individual embodiments of the present application, the spectral device may further include a filter, and the filter is located between the optical lens and the detector. In order to better receive incident light, the FOV of the imaging module needs to be between 40 - 150°, preferably between 45 - 100°. Further, the imaging module includes a circuit board, and the detector is electrically connected to the circuit board.

[0065] Referring to the drawings in the specification of the present application Figure 5As shown, a spectral device according to a second preferred embodiment of the present application is illustrated in the following description. The spectral device includes a housing 10, a dispersion element 20 and a detector 30 disposed in the housing 10, and an incident slit 40 formed in the housing 10, wherein the housing 10 has a receiving space 101, and the dispersion element 20 and the detector 30 are housed in the receiving space 101 by the housing 10. Different from the above first preferred embodiment, the spectral device further includes at least one collimating assembly 70, wherein the collimating assembly 70 is disposed behind the light-emitting side of the incident slit 40, that is, the incident light incident through the incident slit 40 is collimated by the collimating assembly 70 and then irradiates the dispersion element 20, wherein the dispersion element 20 disperses spectral components in different directions, and finally the focusing imaging system focuses the dispersed light onto the detector 30 array to obtain a spectral distribution.

[0066] Preferably, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the collimating assembly 70 is disposed in the housing 10, and the collimating assembly 70, the dispersion element 20, and the detector 30 are housed in the receiving space 101 of the housing 10.

[0067] It should be noted that the collimating lens of the existing miniaturized spectral device can be a reflective collimating lens or a transmissive collimating lens. However, in order to miniaturize the spectral device, it is necessary to reduce the size of the collimating lens, even reduce the performance of the collimating lens, and reduce the optical path length, etc., which will ultimately affect the performance of the spectral device, such as affecting the resolution.

[0068] In this preferred embodiment of the present application, the collimating assembly 70 is located between the incident slit 40 and the dispersion element 20, wherein the collimating assembly 70 is used to collimate the light emitted from the incident slit 40 and adjust the optical path of the emitted light, so as to reduce the size of the collimating assembly 70 while keeping the effective optical path unchanged, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the overall structure.

[0069] The light emitted through the incident slit 40 is collimated by the collimating assembly 70 and forms a collimated optical path 701 between the incident slit 40 and the dispersion element 20, and the emitted light reaches the surface of the dispersion element 20 along the collimated optical path 701.

[0070] The collimation assembly 70 includes a first collimator 71, a second collimator 72, a first reflector 73 and a second reflector 74 disposed between the first collimator 71 and the second collimator 72. The first reflector 73 is located at the rear end of the light-emitting direction of the first collimator 71, the second reflector 74 is located at the front end of the light-incident direction of the second collimator 72, and the first reflector 73 and the second reflector 74 face each other directly. The first collimator 71 is located behind the incident slit 40. The light emitted from the incident slit 40 enters the first collimator 71, is collimated by the first collimator 71 and reaches the first reflector 73, and a first collimation optical path 702 is formed between the first collimator 71 and the first reflector 73.

[0071] The first reflector 73 reflects the incident light to the second reflector 74, and a reflection optical path 703 is formed between the first reflector 73 and the second reflector 74. The second reflector 74 reflects the incident light to the second collimator 72. The second collimator 72 collimates the light reflected by the second reflector 74 and then emits it to the dispersion element 20, and a second collimation optical path 704 is formed between the second reflector 74 and the second collimator 72.

[0072] In short, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the incident light enters the first collimator 71 and is collimated after passing through the incident slit 40, then is reflected by the first reflector 73, reaches the second reflector 74 for further reflection, enters the second collimator 72 and is collimated again, and then enters the dispersion element 20. That is to say, the incident light passes through the first collimator 71 and the second collimator 72, so that the collimation effect is significantly improved. Then, through the first reflector 73 and the second reflector 74, the size of the entire collimation assembly is reduced while the effective optical path length remains unchanged.

[0073] The first collimator 71 and the second collimator 72 can be, but are not limited to, collimation lenses or a combination of multiple collimation lenses. The first reflector 73 has a first reflection surface 730, and the second reflector 74 has a second reflection surface 740. The first reflection surface 730 of the first reflector 73 faces the second reflection surface 740 of the second reflector 74 directly.

[0074] Preferably, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the direction of the first collimation optical path 702 formed by the first collimator 71 is parallel or substantially parallel (including overlapping) to the direction of the second collimation optical path 704 formed by the second collimator 72. It can be understood that the so-called substantially parallel or parallel allows an included angle within less than 10 degrees.

[0075] More preferably, the planes where the first reflection surface 730 of the first reflector 73 is located and the plane where the second reflection surface 740 of the second reflector 74 is located are parallel to each other, so as to ensure that the direction of the incident light entering the collimating assembly 70 and the incident light exiting the collimating assembly 70 does not change.

[0076] Preferably, the first collimation optical path 702 and the second collimation optical path 704 are respectively perpendicular to the reflection optical path 703.

[0077] The collimating assembly 70 further includes a first substrate 75 and a second substrate 76. The first collimating member 71 is disposed on the first substrate 75, and the second collimating member 72 is disposed on the second substrate 76. The first substrate 75 and the second substrate 76 are disposed opposite to each other, and the first substrate 75 and the second substrate 76 are fixedly disposed inside the housing 10, that is, the first substrate 75 and the second substrate 76 fix the first collimating member 71, the second collimating member 72, the first reflector 73, and the fourth reflector 74 in the accommodation space 101 of the housing 10. Preferably, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the first reflector 73 and the second reflector 74 are disposed on the inner side walls of the first substrate 75 and the second substrate 76, and the first reflector 73, the first substrate 75, the second reflector 74, and the second substrate 76 are connected in sequence.

[0078] The first substrate 75 is provided with a light inlet, and the first collimating member 71 is disposed at the light inlet of the first substrate 75; the second substrate 76 is provided with a light outlet, and the second collimating member 72 is disposed at the light outlet of the second substrate 76.

[0079] It can be understood that the first reflection surface 730 of the first reflector 73 and the second reflection surface 740 of the second reflector 74 are disposed substantially parallel to each other between the first substrate 75 and the second substrate 76. The first collimating member 71 and the second collimating member 72 are respectively disposed on the first substrate 75 and the second substrate 76 and are disposed corresponding to the first reflection surface 730 and the second reflection surface 740. Thus, after the incident light entering the first collimating member 71 is collimated, it is reflected by the first reflection surface 730 to the second reflection surface 740, and then reflected by the second reflection surface 740 into the second collimating member 72, and is further collimated by the second collimating member 72, improving the collimation effect of the incident light, and further enabling the subsequent dispersion element 20 to perform better spectral splitting.

[0080] The dispersion element 20 can be implemented as a diffraction grating, a blazed grating, etc., which mainly splits the incident light.

[0081] The detector 30 can be implemented as a CCD chip, a CMOS chip or other detectors, and can receive the incident light signal.

[0082] As Figure 5 shown, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the spectral device further includes at least one optical element 50, wherein the optical element 50 is arranged at the front end in the light incident direction of the incident slit 40, that is, the incident light passes through the optical element 50 and then passes through the incident slit 40 to reach the dispersion element 20. Among them, the optical element 50 can be implemented as a lens, a light homogenizer, a microlens array, etc.

[0083] The optical element 50 can be implemented as a lens, a microlens array, etc., that is, it can increase the recognition range and can also adjust the incident light, such as condensing the light, etc. Preferably, the optical element 50 is implemented as a light homogenizer, such as a light homogenizing sheet. The light homogenizing sheet can not only expand the recognition range, but also change the incident light into a light spot with a uniform energy distribution to a certain extent, and superimpose all the light spots to form a uniform light spot, so as to provide uniform incident light for the system, avoid the phenomenon that the central light intensity of the dispersion element is high and the edge light intensity is weakened, and improve the diffraction efficiency of the dispersion element.

[0084] In this preferred embodiment of the present application, the spectral device further includes a processing unit 60, the processing unit 60 is electrically connected to the detector 30, and the processing unit 60 can be arranged inside the housing 10 of the spectral device, or can be electrically connected and arranged outside the housing 10 of the spectral device.

[0085] It should be noted that in this preferred embodiment of the present invention, the line connecting the center of the incident slit 40 and the center of the dispersion element 20 and the line connecting the center of the detector 30 and the center of the dispersion element 20 form an angle of 30 - 120°, that is, the overall size of the spectral device can be controlled by folding the optical path. Preferably, the angle between the two is 90°.

[0086] In another alternative embodiment of the present application, the detector 30 can also be implemented as an imaging module, wherein the imaging module includes a detector and an optical lens, and the optical lens is located on the light sensing path of the detector. In an individual embodiment of the present application, the spectral device can further include a filter, and the filter is located between the optical lens and the detector. In order to better receive the incident light, the FOV of the imaging module needs to be 40 - 150°, preferably 45 - 100°. Further, the imaging module includes a circuit board, and the detector is electrically connected to the circuit board.

[0087] According to the accompanying drawings of the present application Figure 6 As shown, in the following description, a spectral device according to a modified embodiment of the second preferred embodiment of the present application is illustrated. Compared with the second preferred embodiment, the spectral device in this modified embodiment does not provide the first collimator 71 and the second collimator 72, that is, there is no need to collimate the incident light additionally.

[0088] Specifically, the spectral device includes a housing 10, a dispersion element 20 disposed in the housing 10, a detector 30, and an incident slit 40 formed in the housing 10. The housing 10 has a receiving space 101, and the dispersion element 20 and the detector 30 are enclosed in the receiving space 101 by the housing 10. Different from the above first preferred embodiment, the spectral device further includes at least one optical path adjustment component 80, where the optical path adjustment component 80 is disposed behind the light-emitting side of the incident slit 40. That is, the incident light incident through the incident slit 40 is irradiated on the dispersion element 20 after being adjusted by the optical path adjustment component 80. The dispersion element 20 disperses the spectral components in different directions, and finally the focusing imaging system focuses the dispersed light on the detector 30 array to obtain a spectral distribution.

[0089] In this preferred embodiment of the present application, the optical path adjustment component 80 is located between the incident slit 40 and the dispersion element 20. The optical path adjustment component 80 is used to adjust the light emitted from the incident slit 40, increase the effective optical path and reduce the size of the spectral device, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the overall structure.

[0090] The optical path adjustment component includes a first reflection unit 81 and a second reflection unit 82. The first reflection unit 81 is opposite to the second reflection unit 82. The first reflection unit 81 reflects the incident light to the second reflection unit 82, and forms a reflection optical path between the first reflection unit 81 and the second reflection unit 82. The second reflection unit 82 reflects the incident light to the dispersion element 20, and forms a second reflection optical path between the second reflection unit 82 and the dispersion element 20.

[0091] In short, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, compared with the collimation component 70 of the second preferred embodiment, the optical path adjustment component 80 only needs to deflect the incident light through the first reflection unit 81 and the second reflection unit 82, and finally reaches the dispersion element 20. That is, through the design of the first reflection unit 81 and the second reflection unit 82, the optical path from the incident slit to the dispersion element can be lengthened without increasing the physical size; that is, it is beneficial to reduce the size of the entire spectral device.

[0092] That is to say, when the incident light passes through the first reflection unit 81 and the second reflection unit 82, the effective optical path length remains unchanged, and the size of the entire collimation component is reduced. Similar to the second preferred embodiment described above, the first reflection unit 81 has a first reflection surface, and the second reflection unit 82 has a second reflection surface, wherein the first reflection surface of the first reflection unit 81 is directly opposite to the second reflection surface of the second reflection unit 82.

[0093] More preferably, the plane where the first reflection surface of the first reflection unit 81 is located and the plane where the second reflection surface of the second reflection unit 82 is located are parallel to each other, so as to ensure that the direction of the incident light entering the optical path adjustment component 80 and the incident light exiting the optical path adjustment component 80 does not change.

[0094] It can be understood that the optical path adjustment component 80 further includes a lens unit, wherein the lens unit can be disposed between the first reflection unit 81 and the second reflection unit 82, and the light reflected by the first reflection unit is incident on the second reflection unit 82 after passing through the lens unit. It can be understood that the lens unit can be, but is not limited to, a light homogenizing mirror or other types of lenses.

[0095] Similar to the second preferred embodiment described above, the optical path adjustment component 80 further includes substrates (i.e., the first substrate and the second substrate) for fixing the first reflection unit 81 and the second reflection unit 82. The first substrate and the second substrate are fixedly disposed inside the housing 10, that is, the first substrate and the second substrate fix the first reflection unit 81 and the second reflection member 82 in the accommodation space 101 of the housing 10, and the specific structure of the substrate will not be elaborated herein.

[0096] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the drawings are only examples and do not limit the present invention. The object of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The function and structural principle of the present invention have been shown and described in the embodiments, and without departing from the principle, the embodiments of the present invention can have any deformation or modification.

Claims

1. A spectroscopic device, characterized in that, Comprising: A housing having an accommodation space, and the housing has an incident slit through which incident light enters the accommodation space. Herein, the incident slit has both a diffraction effect and a geometric effect on the incident light. A dispersion element and a detector, wherein the dispersion element is opposite to the incident slit, the dispersion element disperses the incident light, and the detector receives the incident light signal, and the dispersion element and the detector are arranged in the accommodation space of the housing.

2. The spectral device according to claim 1, wherein the spectral device further comprises at least one optical element, and the at least one optical element is located at the front end in the light incident direction of the incident slit, and the incident light passes through the optical element and then reaches the dispersion element through the incident slit.

3. The spectral device according to claim 2, wherein the optical element is selected from the group consisting of a lens, a light homogenizer, and a microlens array.

4. The spectral device according to claim 2, wherein the housing is further provided with an installation cavity, and the installation cavity is communicated with the incident slit, and the optical element is fixed in the installation cavity of the housing.

5. The spectral device according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the incident slit is 1.5 - 4 mm.

6. The spectral device according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the incident slit is 2 - 3 mm.

7. The spectral device according to claim 1, wherein the width of the incident slit is 0.1 - 0.5 mm.

8. The spectral device according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the line connecting the center of the incident slit and the center of the dispersion element and the line connecting the center of the detector and the center of the dispersion element is 30 - 120°.

9. The spectral device according to claim 4, wherein the spectral device further comprises a processing unit, and the processing unit is electrically connected to the detector.

10. The spectral device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the spectral device further comprises at least one collimation assembly, and the collimation assembly is arranged behind the light exit side of the incident slit, that is, the incident light incident through the incident slit is collimated by the collimation assembly and then irradiates on the dispersion element.

11. The spectral device according to claim 10, wherein the collimation assembly comprises a first collimating member, a second collimating member, and a first reflecting member and a second reflecting member arranged between the first collimating member and the second collimating member. The first reflecting member is located at the rear end in the light exit direction of the first collimating member, the second reflecting member is located at the front end in the light incident direction of the second collimating member, and the first reflecting member and the second reflecting member face each other directly. The first collimating member is located behind the incident slit, and the light exiting from the incident slit enters the first collimating member, is collimated by the first collimating member and reaches the first reflecting member, and a first collimation optical path is formed between the first collimating member and the first reflecting member.

12. The spectral device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the spectral device further comprises at least one optical path adjustment component, wherein the optical path adjustment component is disposed behind the light-emitting square of the incident slit, the optical path adjustment component includes a first reflection unit and a second reflection unit, wherein the first reflection unit is opposite to the second reflection unit, the first reflection unit reflects the incident light to the second reflection unit, and a reflection optical path is formed between the first reflection unit and the second reflection unit, and the second reflection unit reflects the incident light to the dispersion element, and a second reflection optical path is formed between the second reflection unit and the dispersion element.

13. The spectral device according to claim 11, wherein the first reflector has a first reflection surface, the second reflector has a second reflection surface, wherein the first reflection surface of the first reflector is directly opposite to the second reflection surface of the second reflector, and the plane where the first reflection surface is located and the plane where the second reflection surface of the second reflector is located are parallel to each other.

14. The spectral device according to claim 13, wherein the collimation component further comprises a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the first collimator is disposed on the first substrate, and the second collimator is disposed on the second substrate.

Images