Concentric circle template assembly and sluice crack control construction method

Abstract

The present invention proposes a concentric circle template assembly and a water gate crack control construction method, which belongs to the field of water gate technology. The concentric circle template assembly includes an outer tube unit and an inner tube unit that are used in conjunction with each other. The outer tube unit includes a first tube body and a sealing plate, and the sealing plate has a positioning hole in the center; the outer wall of the first tube body is wrapped with a first spring hose; the inner tube unit includes a second tube body, and the outer wall of the second tube body is wrapped with a second spring hose. The construction method includes construction preparation, foundation treatment, gate bottom plate construction, gate pier construction, hole cavity construction, installation of the inner tube unit, filling of the first stress absorbing material, lifting the inner tube unit, filling of the second stress absorbing material, and constructing a concentric circle strain gradient structure. The present invention can ensure that the stress absorbing material is clearly layered and that the strain gradient is accurately formed; the shear strength is improved through the bite action of the spiral groove, the interlayer slip is effectively suppressed, and the interface mechanical properties and engineering durability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water gates, and in particular relates to a concentric circle template assembly and a water gate crack control construction method. Background Art

[0002] A sluice gate, consisting of piers and a base plate, is a massive concrete structure. Under the influence of hydration heat, shrinkage deformation, and external loads, sluice gates are susceptible to harmful cracks due to internal stress concentration, seriously affecting the durability and safety of the structure. Existing crack control technologies primarily include the use of medium- and low-heat cement or cooling water pipes. The use of low- or medium-heat cement is costly and uneconomical. The cooling water pipe method, which circulates cold water through buried pipes to reduce the hydration heat, is complex to construct and can easily cause sudden changes in local temperature gradients.

[0003] After relevant research, the inventors found that filling stress-absorbing materials in concrete can effectively control cracks in large-volume concrete structures of hydraulic conservancy projects. However, setting up a stress-absorbing layer of a single material, such as acrylic mortar or rubber aggregate mortar, can buffer some stress, but the single-layer material cannot adapt to the stress gradient distribution inside the concrete, where "the outer layer has strong constraints and the inner layer has large deformation", resulting in local stress concentration.

[0004] To this end, the inventors have discovered through research that the crack control effect is even better after filling with a stress-absorbing material with a strain gradient. The inventors mentioned this in a previously applied patent (application publication number CN120099912A, entitled Concentric Circle Filling Device and Its Application Method in Controlling Cracks in Large Volume Concrete).

[0005] After further research, it was found that after the device was filled with stress-absorbing material after forming holes, the interfaces between the concrete and the stress-absorbing layer, as well as between the gradient-changing stress-absorbing layers, were all flat. This structural form presented new problems, as follows:

[0006] First, the shear strength is low: the interface is only supported by bonding force and a small range of friction, the shear bearing capacity is low, and interlayer slip cracking is prone to occur.

[0007] Second, the crack control ability is poor: the crack expansion path is short and straight, and there is a lack of effective crack prevention mechanism, which causes the crack width to easily exceed the specification limit.

[0008] In addition, the concentric circle filling device in the above technology also has two problems:

[0009] First, it includes an outer tube body, an inner tube body, an annular airbag, an airbag ball and other components, which have complex structures and are difficult to control during construction;

[0010] Second, after the initial setting of the concrete, it is pulled out by pulling, and the stress-absorbing material falls into the cavity by its own weight. It adopts a synchronous filling process. If the pulling speed does not match the material filling speed, the cavity may be filled loosely or stratified. In addition, if the viscosity of the material is too high or the particle grading is unreasonable, it may cause filling blockage or mixing of the inner and outer layer materials, and the expected strain gradient cannot be formed, affecting the stress absorption effect.

[0011] In summary, the inventors believe that the above technology still has disadvantages such as weak interface mechanical properties, insufficient durability, poor construction controllability, complex structure, high requirements for coordination of dual-material simultaneous filling, and difficult construction. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one technical problem existing in the background technology, and for this purpose, a concentric circle template assembly and a sluice crack control construction method are proposed.

[0013] The technical solution is:

[0014] The concentric circle formwork assembly includes an outer tube body unit and an inner tube body unit that are used together. The outer tube body unit includes a first tube body and a first spring hose. The bottom end of the first tube body has a closing plate. The center of the closing plate has a positioning hole that is recessed toward the top end of the first tube body. After the concrete is poured, a positioning boss is formed at the positioning hole. The outer wall of the first tube body is wrapped with the first spring hose in a spiral pattern. The inner tube body unit includes a second tube body and a second spring hose. The second tube body can be sleeved in the first tube body. The bottom end of the second tube body is open, and the bottom end of the second tube body can be positioned and plugged into the positioning boss. The outer wall of the second tube body is wrapped with the second spring hose in a spiral pattern.

[0015] Preferably, the positioning hole is conical.

[0016] Preferably, the first tube body and the second tube body are made of PVC tube or steel tube.

[0017] Preferably, the first spring hose and / or the second spring hose are filled with gas or liquid.

[0018] Preferably, an internal support device is provided inside the first tube body and inside the second tube body respectively.

[0019] Preferably, the inner support device is an inflatable / deflated airbag.

[0020] Preferably, the top of the first spring hose is detachably connected to the outer wall of the first tube body, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first tube body; the top of the second spring hose is detachably connected to the outer wall of the second tube body, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second tube body.

[0021] The present invention also proposes a construction method for controlling cracks in a sluice gate, which uses a concentric circle template assembly and includes the following steps:

[0022] S1: Construction preparation;

[0023] S2: foundation treatment;

[0024] S3: construction of the gate bottom plate;

[0025] S4: Pier construction:

[0026] S41: Construction layout;

[0027] S42: Pier reinforcement binding and installation;

[0028] S43: erect the pier formwork above the gate bottom plate;

[0029] S44: Install the outer tube unit of the concentric circle template assembly at the designed position, and apply a release agent on the surface of the outer tube unit;

[0030] S45: pour concrete, vibrate and cure to construct gate piers;

[0031] S5: Constructing the cavity:

[0032] After the pier concrete has initially set, the outer tube unit is pulled out to form a cavity with a first spiral groove;

[0033] S6: coaxially positioning and installing the inner tube unit of the concentric circle template assembly inside the cavity;

[0034] S7: filling a first stress absorbing material in an area between the inner tube unit and the inner wall of the cavity, so that an interlocking interface is formed between the first stress absorbing material and the concrete after filling;

[0035] S8: After the first stress absorbing material is initially solidified, the inner tube unit is pulled out to form a central hole with a second spiral groove;

[0036] S9: Filling the central hole with a second stress absorbing material, forming an interlocking interface between the second stress absorbing material and the first stress absorbing material after filling; at the same time, constructing a concentric strain gradient structure in the hole cavity.

[0037] Preferably, the method for removing the outer tube unit in S5 is:

[0038] The top of the first spring hose is separated from the first tube body, and the first tube body is lifted up. The first tube body can slide relative to the first spring hose, and the first tube body can also slide relative to the first spring hose. Since the bottom end of the first spring hose is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first tube body, as the first tube body moves upward, the first tube body simultaneously pulls the first spring hose to move, thereby pulling the first spring hose out of the concrete.

[0039] As the first tube body continuously moves upward, the first spring hose is continuously separated from the concrete, and a spiral groove is formed after the separation; when the first tube body is completely pulled out, the cavity is formed.

[0040] Preferably, after the first tube body is demolded, a positioning boss is formed at the bottom of the cavity, the bottom end of the second tube body is inserted into the cavity and fixed with the positioning boss, and the centering limit is forced at the bottom of the cavity; subsequently, the top of the second tube body is fixed to form a top limit to ensure the coaxiality of the second tube body and the cavity.

[0041] The above technical solution has the following advantages:

[0042] 1. The concentric circle formwork assembly designed in the present invention forms a spiral groove after the tube is pulled out, so that an interlocking interface is formed between the stress absorbing material and the concrete, and between different stress absorbing layers. The spiral groove increases the roughness of the interface and significantly improves the shear strength through mechanical interlocking. Compared with a straight interface that only relies on bonding force and a small range of friction, it can effectively suppress interlayer slip cracking and effectively improve the mechanical properties of the interface. In addition, the designed concentric circle formwork assembly abandons complex components such as airbags and airbag balls in the prior art, and adopts a modular design of PVC pipe / steel pipe + spring hose, which has a simple structure, low cost, easy production, and is convenient for on-site installation and disassembly. The adjustable pitch design of the spring hose can also adapt to different stress environments and optimize the strain gradient distribution.

[0043] 2. The spiral groove requires the crack to extend along a spiral path, increasing the crack expansion resistance and extending the expansion path. Combined with the strain gradient stress absorbing material, it can more effectively disperse the stress, effectively reduce the crack width, and improve the durability of the structure.

[0044] 3. The present invention adopts a staged extubation and filling process to ensure that the stress absorbing material is clearly layered and has high density, avoids mixing or uneven filling, and ensures that the strain gradient is accurately formed.

[0045] 4. The inner and outer tube units in the concentric circle formwork assembly are used in conjunction with each other, utilizing the positioning boss as a prefabricated physical reference. The second tube can be quickly positioned by direct insertion, eliminating the complex steps of "measurement and alignment → temporary fixation → review and adjustment" in traditional processes. This ensures the coaxiality and installation accuracy of the inner and outer tube units, which would otherwise affect the uniformity of the strain gradient and reduce the crack control effect. Furthermore, the mechanical lock formed by the positioning boss and the plug-in structure at the bottom of the second tube resists external disturbances such as concrete vibration and pipe pulling forces, preventing displacement and eccentricity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the outer tube unit in the concentric circle template assembly.

[0048] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Structural cross-sectional view of the inner and outer tube units.

[0049] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inner tube unit in the concentric circle template assembly.

[0050] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Structural cross-sectional view of the inner tube unit.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a sluice gate with a strain gradient structure.

[0052] Figure 6 This is a top view of the gate pier with a strain gradient structure.

[0053] Figure 7 It is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the strain gradient structure with spiral grooves along the HH direction.

[0054] Figure 8 It is a process flow chart of the construction method of the present invention.

[0055] in:

[0056] 1. Gate bottom plate; 2. Gate pier; 3. Strain gradient structure; 4. First tube body; 5. First spring hose; 6. Closing plate; 7. Positioning hole; 8. Second tube body; 9. Second spring hose; 10. Partition; 31. First stress absorption layer; 32. Second stress absorption layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] Example 1:

[0059] like Figure 1 - Figure 4As shown, this embodiment proposes a concentric circle template assembly, which includes an outer tube unit and an inner tube unit for use together, wherein:

[0060] The outer tube unit includes a first tube body 4 and a first spring hose 5. The bottom end of the first tube body 4 has a sealing plate 6. The center of the sealing plate 6 has a positioning hole 7 that is recessed toward the top end of the first tube body 4. After the concrete is poured, a positioning boss is formed at the positioning hole 7. The axis of the positioning hole 7 must coincide with the axis of the first tube body 4. After demolding, the positioning hole 7 is filled with concrete to form a positioning boss as a prefabricated physical reference. The outer wall of the first tube body 4 is wrapped with a spiral-shaped first spring hose 5.

[0061] The inner tube unit includes a second tube 8 and a second spring hose 9. The second tube 8 can be sleeved in the first tube 4. The diameter of the second tube 8 is smaller than that of the first tube 4. An annular area is formed between the two, which serves as a filling area for stress-absorbing material. The bottom end of the second tube 8 is open, and the bottom end of the second tube 8 can be positioned and plugged into the positioning boss. The outer wall of the second tube 8 is wrapped with a spiral-shaped second spring hose 9.

[0062] In this embodiment, the positioning hole 7 is cylindrical or conical, preferably conical. The positioning boss is a tenon structure formed by the positioning hole 7 in the bottom cover plate 6 of the outer tube unit after concrete pouring. Its core function is to provide a physical positioning reference for the inner tube unit, ensuring the coaxiality and installation accuracy of the inner and outer tube units. If the second tube unit 8 is not coaxial with the cavity formed by the outer tube unit during installation, the thickness of the subsequent stress-absorbing material filling will be uneven, affecting the uniformity of the strain gradient and reducing the crack control effect.

[0063] The positioning boss plays a positioning role. The bottom end of the second tube body 8 is open and can be directly plugged into the positioning boss. The mechanical limit is used to ensure that the axis of the second tube body 8 coincides with the axis of the cavity. The positioning boss serves as a prefabricated physical reference. The second tube body 8 can be quickly positioned by direct plugging, eliminating the complex steps of "measurement and alignment → temporary fixation → review and adjustment" in the traditional process. This "mortise and tenon" positioning does not require additional measurement or adjustment, significantly improves the coaxiality accuracy, and avoids uneven stress distribution due to eccentricity. For example, when installing the inner tube body after the cavity is formed after the initial solidification of the concrete of the pier 2, the worker only needs to align the bottom end of the second tube body 8 with the boss and insert it to achieve automatic centering, which greatly shortens the installation time.

[0064] In this embodiment, the first and second tube bodies 4 and 8 are constructed from PVC or steel pipe. PVC pipe is lightweight and easy to transport, cut, and install on-site. It is particularly suitable for erecting formwork at high altitudes or in complex locations, reducing labor costs and construction difficulty. Steel pipe has extremely high rigidity and compressive strength, effectively resisting the lateral pressure of liquid concrete during the concrete pouring process, preventing deformation or collapse of the pipe body and ensuring the accuracy of the cavity shape. The pipe material can be selected based on actual project requirements.

[0065] In this embodiment, the top of the first spring hose 5 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the first tube body 4, while the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first tube body 4. The top of the second spring hose 9 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the second tube body 8, while the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second tube body 8. This arrangement facilitates demolding.

[0066] In this embodiment, the pitch of both the first spring hose 5 and the second spring hose 9 can be adjusted. The purpose of such a setting is to adapt to different stress environments and optimize the strain gradient distribution.

[0067] This design allows for flexible adjustment of stress absorption capacity based on actual project conditions. The pitch directly influences the density of the spiral grooves and the roughness of the interlocking interface. By adjusting the pitch, the interlocking strength between the stress-absorbing material and the concrete can be precisely controlled, tailored to the stress levels of different project locations (high-stress and low-stress areas of pier 2).

[0068] In high stress areas: use a small pitch and increase the density of spiral grooves to form a denser mechanical bite between the stress absorbing material and the concrete, thereby improving shear strength and effectively inhibiting crack expansion.

[0069] In low stress areas: adopt large pitch and reduce spiral groove density, thus reducing material usage and construction costs while ensuring basic interface performance.

[0070] Example 2:

[0071] like Figure 5-Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also proposes a construction method for controlling cracks in a sluice gate, which uses the concentric circle template assembly in Example 1 and includes the following steps:

[0072] S1: Construction preparation: prepare construction plan, determine construction materials and equipment, personnel training, etc.

[0073] S2: Foundation treatment: Before the construction of the gate bottom plate 1 and the gate pier 2, the foundation needs to be treated to ensure the bearing capacity and stability of the foundation.

[0074] S3: Construction of the gate bottom plate 1: binding and installation of bottom plate reinforcement - erection of bottom plate formwork - concrete pouring - shaping of the gate bottom plate 1. The main steps in S3 are S31-S34, as follows:

[0075] S31. Bottom plate reinforcement binding: Bind the reinforcement according to the design drawings to ensure that the reinforcement spacing, anchorage length, etc. meet the specifications.

[0076] S32. Support gate bottom plate 1 formwork: Select appropriate formwork and install the formwork support system according to the requirements of the design drawings to ensure the stability of the formwork.

[0077] S33. Concrete pouring: Use layered pouring method and pay attention to vibrating and compacting during pouring.

[0078] S34. Concrete curing: After pouring, perform concrete curing in a timely manner to ensure the strength of the concrete, and finally remove the formwork to obtain the formed gate bottom plate 1.

[0079] S4: Pier 2 construction:

[0080] S41: Construction layout;

[0081] S42: Pier reinforcement binding and installation;

[0082] S43: erecting the pier formwork above the gate bottom plate 1;

[0083] S44: Install the outer tube unit of the concentric circle template assembly at the designed position, and apply a release agent on the surface of the outer tube unit;

[0084] In this step, a special positioning fixture is used to ensure that the outer tube unit is vertical. For example, a straight or cross-shaped slot is opened at the bottom of the first tube body 4. The special positioning fixture includes a bottom positioning piece and a top positioning piece. The bottom positioning piece is welded with steel bars to form a straight or cross-shaped support structure. The bottom support piece is welded and fixed to the pier body steel bars of the gate pier 2; the top positioning piece can adopt an adjustable support locking structure, such as a cross brace with a threaded stud on the cross brace. When in use, the cross brace is temporarily tied and fixed to the pier body steel bars. The stud is set directly above the first tube body 4, and a pad is placed on the top of the first tube body 4. The pad has a column head that engages with the first tube body 4. When in use, the stud is screwed and the pad is pressed down to achieve pressure and positioning of the first tube body 4 to prevent displacement during pouring.

[0085] S45: Pour concrete, vibrate and maintain, and construct pier 2; optimize the concrete mix ratio --- layered pouring --- moisture-retaining maintenance.

[0086] S5: Constructing the cavity:

[0087] After the initial setting of the concrete of the pier 2, the outer tube unit is pulled out to form a cavity with a first spiral groove. In this embodiment, when pulling out the tube, the positioning piece at the top is first removed to release the limit. Mechanical equipment is used to pull out the tube at a uniform speed.

[0088] S6: Install the inner tube unit in the concentric circle template assembly coaxially inside the cavity; ensure that the inner tube unit is coaxial with the cavity during installation.

[0089] S7: The area between the inner tube unit and the inner wall of the cavity is filled with a first stress absorbing material, and after filling, a bite-type interface is formed between the first stress absorbing material and the concrete. During filling, a dedicated pressure pouring equipment is used to pour the material layer by layer from the bottom to the top. After the first stress absorbing material solidifies, a first stress absorbing layer 31 is formed.

[0090] S8: After the first stress absorbing material is initially solidified, the inner tube unit is pulled out to form a central hole with a second spiral groove.

[0091] S9: Filling the central hole with a second stress absorbing material, forming an interlocking interface between the second stress absorbing material and the first stress absorbing material after filling; forming a second stress absorbing layer 32 after the second stress absorbing material solidifies, at this time, constructing a concentric strain gradient structure 3 in the hole cavity.

[0092] In this embodiment, the first stress absorbing material and the second stress absorbing material can be selected from the following materials: rubber concrete, acrylic concrete, acrylic rubber concrete, rubber mortar, acrylic mortar, acrylic rubber mortar, etc.

[0093] In this embodiment, the strain of the first stress absorbing material is smaller than the strain of the second stress absorbing material, that is, the strain of the outer layer is small and the strain of the inner layer is large. This forms a certain strain gradient, which is beneficial to avoid stress concentration at the interface between the strain absorbing material and the surrounding concrete, while improving the integrity of the structure.

[0094] In the above process, the specific method of removing the outer tube unit in S5 is as follows:

[0095] When removing the tube, first remove the top positioning piece to release the limit;

[0096] The top of the first spring hose 5 is disassembled from the first tube body 4, and the first tube body 4 is lifted up. The first tube body 4 can slide relative to the first spring hose 5, and the first tube body 4 can also slide relative to the first spring hose 5. Since the bottom end of the first spring hose 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first tube body 4, as the first tube body 4 moves upward, the first tube body 4 simultaneously pulls the first spring hose 5 to move, and the first spring hose 5 is pulled out of the concrete.

[0097] As the first tube body 4 continues to move upward, the first spring hose 5 is continuously separated from the concrete, and a spiral groove is formed after the separation; when the first tube body 4 is completely pulled out, the cavity is formed.

[0098] It should be noted that the extrusion process of the inner tube unit in S8 also adopts the extrusion method of the outer tube unit described above.

[0099] The above-mentioned tube extraction process adopts a synchronous tube extraction method. Taking the first tube body 4 as an example, the first tube body 4 drives the first spring hose 5 through a cooperative mechanism. There is no need to disassemble the first tube body 4 and the first spring hose 5 in stages. The first spring hose 5 can be pulled out synchronously by lifting the first tube body 4, which reduces the time cost of step-by-step operation, shortens the overall construction period, and improves construction continuity.

[0100] The first spring hose 5 is withdrawn from the bottom to the top. When withdrawing from the bottom, the bottom end of the first spring hose 5 is fixed to the tube body. During the upward movement, the tension is evenly transferred from the bottom to the top, gradually separating the hose from the concrete along a spiral trajectory. This method avoids channel distortion and deformation caused by a chaotic withdrawal sequence, ensuring the quality of the spiral groove. If withdrawn from the top first, the bottom concrete may lose support due to premature hollowing of the upper channel, which can lead to collapse, especially when the concrete is not fully set. Withdrawing from the bottom upwards, however, reduces the possibility of localized voids or collapse.

[0101] Extraction begins at the bottom, with the bottom end of the first spring hose 5 fixed. As the system pulls upward, the tension is evenly transmitted axially. If extraction is performed from the top, the bonding force between the concrete at the bottom and the first spring hose 5 may be concentrated, leading to sudden local stress changes and potentially causing the channel to fracture. However, extracting from the bottom to the top allows the first spring hose 5 to gradually detach from the concrete, reducing instantaneous peak tension and maintaining the integrity of the channel. When the concrete initially sets, extracting from the bottom first releases the constraints of the concrete surrounding the channel in a bottom-up order. This bottom-to-top extraction sequence is less sensitive to construction speed. Even with slight fluctuations in extraction speed, the spiral groove's morphology changes more gradually due to the even transmission of tension, making the construction operation more fault-tolerant.

[0102] The specific method of installing the second tube body 8 in S6 is:

[0103] After the first tube body 4 is demolded, a positioning boss is formed at the bottom of the cavity, and the bottom end of the second tube body 8 is inserted into the cavity and plugged into the positioning boss to force a centering limit at the bottom of the cavity; the top of the second tube body 8 is subsequently fixed to form a top limit to ensure the coaxiality of the second tube body 8 and the cavity. Using the positioning boss as a prefabricated physical reference, the second tube body 8 can be quickly positioned by direct plugging, eliminating the complex steps of "measurement and alignment → temporary fixation → review and adjustment" in the traditional process, ensuring the coaxiality and installation accuracy of the inner and outer tube units, so as not to affect the uniformity of the strain gradient and reduce the crack control effect. In addition, the plug-in structure between the positioning boss and the bottom end of the second tube body 8 forms a mechanical lock, which can resist external disturbances such as concrete vibration force and pipe pulling force, and prevent displacement and eccentricity.

[0104] As a feasible embodiment, a sealing ring may be provided on the inner wall of the second tube body 8 , and the sealing ring is utilized to achieve a sealed connection with the positioning boss to prevent the slurry from entering the interior of the second tube body 8 .

[0105] As another feasible embodiment, a partition 10 may be provided near the bottom of the second tube 8 to achieve isolation. Even if the seal is not very good and a small amount of slurry enters the bottom of the second tube 8, it will not cause demoulding difficulties.

[0106] Application effect:

[0107] 1. The concentric circle formwork assembly designed in this invention forms spiral grooves after tube removal, creating an interlocking interface between the stress-absorbing material and the concrete, as well as between the different stress-absorbing layers. The spiral grooves increase the interface roughness, significantly improving shear strength through mechanical interlocking. Compared to a straight interface that relies solely on adhesion and a small range of friction, this effectively suppresses interlayer slip cracking and improves the mechanical properties of the interface. Furthermore, the designed concentric circle formwork assembly eliminates the complex components of the prior art, such as airbags and airbag balls, and adopts a modular design of PVC / steel pipes + spring hoses. This design offers a simple structure, low cost, and easy production, making it convenient for on-site installation and disassembly.

[0108] 2. The spiral groove requires the crack to extend along a spiral path, increasing the crack expansion resistance and extending the expansion path. Combined with the strain gradient stress absorbing material, it can more effectively disperse the stress, effectively reduce the crack width, and improve the durability of the structure.

[0109] 3. The present invention adopts a staged extubation and filling process to ensure that the stress absorbing material is clearly layered and has high density, avoids mixing or uneven filling, and ensures that the strain gradient is accurately formed.

[0110] In addition, this embodiment adopts a gradient design of "small strain in the outer layer and large strain in the inner layer". During collaborative design, the outer layer, i.e., the cavity wall, can adopt a small pitch to enhance the bite, and the inner layer, i.e., the center hole, can adopt a larger pitch to optimize stress release; the design of adjustable pitch can enhance the strain gradient effect, and can more accurately guide the stress to disperse along the spiral path, avoiding interface stress concentration.

[0111] Specifically, in this embodiment, the two stress absorbing layers are interlocked by spiral grooves to form an interlocking interface. The specific advantages of this design are:

[0112] Sluice gate structures are prone to shear stress under loads such as water pressure and temperature fluctuations. The spiral groove interface effectively suppresses interfacial cracking between the two layers of stress-absorbing material, improving the structural integrity. Sluice gates are subject to long-term water flow impacts and freeze-thaw cycles, which increase the risk of crack propagation. The spiral groove interface effectively reduces crack width and extends the service life of the structure. This is because cracks must extend along the three-dimensional curve of the spiral groove to penetrate the interface. Compared to linear extension along a flat interface, the path length is significantly increased. Furthermore, with each spiral protrusion, the crack must overcome more resistance, thereby slowing its growth.

[0113] The outer layer of the stress-absorbing material has low strain (high stiffness), while the inner layer has high strain (low stiffness). The spiral groove interface allows for a "gradient transfer" of stress from the outer layer to the inner layer. When the outer layer is tensile, the raised portion of the spiral groove disperses the stress in multiple directions within the inner layer, preventing stress overload at a single point on the interface. Traditional straight interfaces are prone to stress concentration at points where material properties suddenly change. However, the spiral groove, through geometric optimization, converts concentrated stress into distributed stress, meeting the gradient design goal of "low strain in the outer layer, high strain in the inner layer," achieving the coupling effect of strain gradient and spiral groove.

[0114] Example 3:

[0115] Based on any of the above embodiments, the first spring hose 5 and / or the second spring hose 9 are filled with gas or liquid. Using gas or liquid to increase radial stiffness and enhance the spring hose's ability to resist deformation can significantly improve the formwork's mechanical properties and construction reliability, while also optimizing the concrete interface quality and stress release path.

[0116] During concrete pouring, the spring hose may be flattened or deformed, resulting in unclear spiral groove formation. To address this problem, the present embodiment effectively enhances the rigidity and strength of the spring hose by filling it with gas or liquid.

[0117] When the spring hose is not inflated, a gap easily forms between the spring hose and the tube body, preventing a tight fit. Concrete may seep into the gap, making extraction difficult and affecting the surface quality of the channel. However, when the spring hose is filled with gas or liquid and expands, it clings to the tube surface, eliminating the gap and forming a rigid spiral support layer. During concrete pouring, the internal pressure counteracts the external pressure during pouring, preventing radial contraction or spiral deformation of the hose due to pressure.

[0118] In addition, after filling with gas or liquid medium, the spring hose can maintain its shape during the demoulding process, avoiding the cracking of the spiral groove edge, which is beneficial to ensuring the quality of the hole.

[0119] In this embodiment, the liquid can be water or hydraulic oil, and the incompressibility of the liquid is used to evenly distribute the external pressure to the entire inner wall of the spring hose; when vibrating concrete, it can also effectively resist the impact of the vibrating rod.

[0120] Example 4:

[0121] Based on any of the above embodiments, an internal support device is provided inside the first tube body 4 and the second tube body 8. The internal support device is an inflatable / deflated airbag made of high-strength fiber-reinforced rubber.

[0122] In order to address the problem that PVC pipes may be squeezed and cracked by concrete during pouring, the use of internal support devices can effectively improve the ability of PVC pipes to resist deformation, reduce deformation and damage of PVC pipes during construction, and increase the reuse rate of formwork.

[0123] In this embodiment, the airbag includes at least three independent air chambers, and the inflation pressure of each air chamber is controlled by a solenoid valve, which is convenient for operation.

[0124] It should be noted that many of the components mentioned in the present invention are universal standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.

[0125] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described herein using specific examples. The description of the above examples is only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for controlling cracks in a sluice gate, characterized in that: A concentric circle template assembly is used, the concentric circle template assembly includes an outer tube unit and an inner tube unit for use together, the outer tube unit includes a first tube (4) and a first spring hose (5), the bottom end of the first tube (4) has a sealing plate (6), the center of the sealing plate (6) has a positioning hole (7) recessed toward the top end of the first tube (4), and a positioning boss is formed at the positioning hole (7) after concrete pouring; the outer wall of the first tube (4) is wound with the first spring hose (5) in a spiral pattern; the inner tube unit includes a second tube (8) and a second spring hose (9), the second tube (8) can be sleeved in the first tube (4); the bottom end of the second tube (8) is open, and the bottom end of the second tube (8) can be positioned and plugged with the positioning boss; the outer wall of the second tube (8) is wound with the second spring hose (9) in a spiral pattern; The top of the first spring hose (5) is detachably connected to the outer wall of the first tube body (4), and the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first tube body (4); the top of the second spring hose (9) is detachably connected to the outer wall of the second tube body (8), and the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second tube body (8); The method comprises the following steps: S1: Construction preparation; S2: foundation treatment; S3: Construction of gate bottom plate (1); S4: Construction of pier (2): S41: Construction layout; S42: Pier reinforcement binding and installation; S43: erecting a pier formwork above the gate bottom plate (1); S44: Install the outer tube unit of the concentric circle template assembly at the designed position, and apply a release agent on the surface of the outer tube unit; S45: pouring concrete, vibrating and curing to construct the gate pier (2); S5: Constructing the cavity: After the concrete of the gate pier (2) has initially solidified, the outer tube unit is pulled out to form a cavity with a first spiral groove; The method for removing the outer tube unit of S5 is as follows: The top of the first spring hose (5) is disassembled and separated from the first tube body (4), and the first tube body (4) is lifted up, so that the first tube body (4) can slide relative to the first spring hose (5), and the first tube body (4) can also slide relative to the first spring hose (5); since the bottom end of the first spring hose (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first tube body (4), as the first tube body (4) moves upward, the first tube body (4) simultaneously pulls the first spring hose (5) to move, and the first spring hose (5) is pulled out of the concrete; As the first tube body (4) continuously moves upward, the first spring hose (5) continuously separates from the concrete, and a spiral groove is formed after separation; when the first tube body (4) is completely pulled out, the cavity is formed; S6: coaxially positioning and installing the inner tube unit of the concentric circle template assembly inside the cavity; The installation method of the inner tube unit in S6 is as follows: after the first tube body (4) is demoulded, a positioning boss is formed at the bottom of the cavity, the bottom end of the second tube body (8) is inserted into the cavity and fixedly connected to the positioning boss, and a forced centering limit is set at the bottom of the cavity; subsequently, the top of the second tube body (8) is fixed to form a top limit to ensure the coaxiality of the second tube body (8) and the cavity; S7: filling a first stress absorbing material in an area between the inner tube unit and the inner wall of the cavity, so that an interlocking interface is formed between the first stress absorbing material and the concrete after filling; S8: After the first stress absorbing material is initially solidified, the inner tube unit is pulled out to form a central hole with a second spiral groove; S9: Filling the central hole with a second stress absorbing material, forming an interlocking interface between the second stress absorbing material and the first stress absorbing material after filling; at the same time, constructing a concentric circle strain gradient structure (3) in the hole.

2. The sluice crack control construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning hole (7) is conical.

3. The sluice crack control construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first tube body (4) and the second tube body (8) are made of PVC tube or steel tube.

4. The water gate crack control construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spring hose (5) and / or the second spring hose (9) are filled with gas or liquid.

5. The water gate crack control construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Internal support devices are respectively provided inside the first tube body (4) and inside the second tube body (8).

6. The water gate crack control construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner supporting device is an inflatable / deflated air bag.

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