Graphite synthesis furnace with multiple layers of distribution plates at absorption section

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrochloric acid synthesis of graphite synthesis furnaces, in particular to a graphite synthesis furnace with multiple layers of distribution plates at an absorption section, which comprises a cooling furnace, a cooling cylinder arranged in the cooling furnace, a conveying cylinder communicated below the cooling cylinder, a suction assembly arranged in the conveying cylinder, and a mounting plate arranged below the conveying cylinder, a plurality of layers of distribution plates are arranged below the mounting plate in a sealing manner, the distribution plates are mutually sleeved from inside to outside, a gap is formed between every two adjacent distribution plates, a plurality of partition plates are uniformly arranged in the gap between every two adjacent distribution plates, and the gap between every two adjacent distribution plates is divided into a plurality of absorption chambers by the partition plates; a plurality of spray pipes are arranged on the mounting disc, one ends of the spray pipes are communicated with the suction assembly, the other ends of the spray pipes are located in the plurality of absorption chambers, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged on two sides of the partition plate;

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrochloric acid synthesis by graphite synthesis furnaces, and more specifically, to a graphite synthesis furnace with multiple distribution plates in the absorption section. Background Art

[0002] The graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace combines the three processes of hydrogen chloride gas synthesis, cooling, and absorption into one graphite furnace to produce hydrochloric acid at one time. Therefore, it is also called a three-in-one furnace. These three stages of synthesis, cooling, and absorption are achieved through specific structural designs and working principles. The synthesis section is usually located in the upper or middle part of the graphite synthesis furnace and is made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant graphite materials. The cooling section is usually located below the synthesis section and is composed of structures such as multiple layers of graphite heat exchange blocks or graphite tube bundles. The absorption section is located below the cooling section and is composed of structures such as multiple distribution plates, gas-liquid absorption plates, and graphite heat exchange blocks. These structures together constitute an efficient absorption system for absorbing hydrogen chloride gas and converting it into hydrochloric acid.

[0003] In the absorption stage, the cooled hydrogen chloride gas enters the absorption section. Under the action of the multiple distribution plates, the gas is evenly distributed into each gas-liquid absorption plate. In the gas-liquid absorption plate, the hydrogen chloride gas is in full contact and mixing with the absorption liquid (such as dilute acid). Currently, in the gas-liquid absorption plate, due to the uneven gas distribution of the distribution plate, local supersaturation states are easily caused, affecting the absorption rate and product quality.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention discloses a graphite synthesis furnace with multiple distribution plates in the absorption section. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the problems raised in the background art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a graphite synthesis furnace with multiple distribution plates in the absorption section. By setting a suction component with a first servo motor, a screw, an extrusion plate, a first airbag, and a second airbag, the servo motor is used to control the up and down movement frequency of the extrusion plate, thereby realizing the extraction of hydrogen chloride gas in portions. Then, multiple distribution plates are arranged below the transfer cylinder, and partition plates are provided between adjacent distribution plates to form several absorption chambers. Then, a one-way pressure valve is installed on the spray pipe to control the amount of each portion of hydrogen chloride entering the absorption chamber. A liquid suction plate is arranged directly below the outermost distribution plate and is closely attached to the inner wall of the cooling furnace to collect the liquid processed by the absorption chamber. Finally, a stirring part installed in the liquid suction plate is driven by a second servo motor to continuously rotate to mix the solution, so as to achieve the purpose of uniformly and stably absorbing and controlling hydrogen chloride gas.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, a graphite synthesis furnace with multiple distribution plates in the absorption section includes a synthesis furnace for synthesizing hydrogen chloride gas, and a cooling furnace is arranged below the synthesis furnace; Among them, a cooling cylinder is arranged in the cooling furnace for cooling hydrogen chloride gas. A transfer cylinder is connected below the cooling cylinder. A suction assembly is arranged in the transfer cylinder for extracting hydrogen chloride from the cooling cylinder portion by portion. An installation disc is arranged below the transfer cylinder. A plurality of distribution discs are hermetically arranged below the installation disc. The plurality of distribution discs are sleeved with each other from the inside to the outside, and there is a gap between adjacent two distribution discs. A plurality of partition plates are evenly arranged in the gap between adjacent two distribution discs. The plurality of partition plates divide the gap between adjacent two distribution discs into a plurality of absorption chambers. A plurality of spray pipes are arranged on the installation disc. One end of the spray pipe is communicated with the suction assembly, and the other end is located in the plurality of absorption chambers. The hydrogen chloride in the suction assembly is sprayed into the absorption chambers portion by portion through the spray pipes. A plurality of spray heads are arranged on both sides of the partition plates for spraying the absorption liquid. A liquid suction disc is arranged in the cooling furnace directly below the distribution disc for receiving the absorption liquid after absorbing hydrogen chloride.

[0007] As a further improvement of this technical solution, the suction assembly includes a first servo motor fixedly arranged at the top end of the transfer cylinder. The output end of the first servo motor is fixedly connected with a screw rod. The screw rod penetrates through the upper and lower ends of the center position fixedly arranged in the transfer cylinder. Limiting rods are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on both sides of the screw rod in the transfer cylinder. A pressing disc is slidably connected in the transfer cylinder. The pressing disc is in threaded connection with the screw rod and is slidably connected with the limiting rods for limiting the pressing disc. A first airbag is fixedly arranged in the transfer cylinder directly above the pressing disc. A second airbag is fixedly arranged in the transfer cylinder directly below the pressing disc. One side of the first airbag is communicated with a second air duct. The other end of the second air duct is connected with the second airbag. A first air duct is arranged at the top end of the transfer cylinder. One end of the first air duct is communicated with the first airbag, and the other end is communicated with the cooling cylinder.

[0008] As a further improvement of this technical solution, a one-way valve that only allows entry but not exit compared with the first airbag is arranged in the first air duct. A one-way valve that only allows exit but not entry compared with the first airbag is arranged at one end of the second air duct located in the first airbag. A one-way valve that only allows entry but not exit compared with the second airbag is arranged at one end of the second air duct located in the second airbag.

[0009] As a further improvement of this technical solution, one end of the spray pipe is communicated with the second airbag, and a one-way pressure valve that only allows exit but not entry compared with the second airbag is arranged at one end communicated with the second airbag to ensure that the gas volumes sprayed by the plurality of spray pipes are equal.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of spray holes are symmetrically formed on both sides of the spray pipe located in the absorption chamber, and the spray holes correspond to the spray heads on the partition plate one by one and the spray ports are arranged opposite to each other.

[0011] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the spray head is communicated with an absorption liquid pool arranged outside the cooling furnace, and a corresponding pump is used to drive the spray head to spray the absorption liquid; The partition plate is made of a graphite composite material for absorbing the residual heat of hydrogen chloride absorption.

[0012] Preferably, the number of partition plates between every two adjacent distribution plates increases radially outward from the central position of the distribution plate to ensure the uniformity of the sizes of the plurality of absorption chambers.

[0013] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the bottom end of the absorption chamber is in an open state, and there is a gap between the liquid absorption disc and the lowermost end of the absorption chamber. An installation cylinder is arranged at the central position of the distribution plate, the installation cylinder is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the installation disc, a second servo motor is fixedly arranged in the installation cylinder, and the output end of the second servo motor is fixedly connected with a stirring part which is rotatably connected in the liquid absorption disc for mixing the hydrochloric acid mixed liquid in the liquid absorption disc.

[0014] Preferably, a concentration probe is arranged on the inner side of the liquid absorption disc for detecting the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the liquid absorption disc. A liquid discharge hole is formed at the bottom of the liquid absorption disc, and a liquid storage bucket is arranged in the cooling furnace directly below the liquid absorption disc. The liquid storage bucket is communicated with the liquid absorption disc through the liquid discharge hole for storing the qualified hydrochloric acid flowing out of the liquid absorption disc, and a valve controlled by the concentration probe is arranged in the liquid discharge hole.

[0015] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the outermost distribution plate and the liquid absorption disc are adapted in size and both are attached to the inner wall of the cooling furnace.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the graphite synthesis furnace with multiple layers of distribution plates in the absorption section, a multi-layer distribution plate and a "differential" treatment mechanism are realized: by arranging multiple layers of mutually sleeved distribution plates and arranging partition plates therebetween to form a plurality of uniform absorption chambers, combined with the one-by-one extraction and output of the suction assembly, the "differential" treatment of hydrogen chloride is realized; this is beneficial to reducing the risk of eddy current and dead angle problems, enabling hydrogen chloride to achieve more uniform reaction and absorption in each extraction and distribution, thereby improving the overall absorption efficiency and uniformity.

[0017] 2. In the graphite synthesis furnace with multiple distribution trays in the absorption section, the use of the first airbag and the second airbag and their cooperation with the one-way valve ensure the orderly flow and distribution of gas in the transfer cylinder; when the extrusion disc squeezes the airbag, through the control of the one-way valve and the one-way pressure valve, the gas can flow along a predetermined path, thus ensuring that the amount of hydrogen chloride gas ejected from the nozzle is as equal as possible, providing guarantee for the subsequent absorption uniformity; secondly, the spray holes on the nozzle are arranged opposite to the spray heads on the partition plate, forming a reverse convection, increasing the contact area and reaction efficiency between hydrogen chloride and the absorption liquid, facilitating the acceleration of the reaction speed, improving the absorption effect, and further ensuring the uniformity of the reaction through the reverse convection.

[0018] 3. In the graphite synthesis furnace with multiple distribution trays in the absorption section, through the setting of the liquid suction disc and the rotational stirring of the stirring part, the hydrogen chloride that fails to be completely absorbed in the absorption chamber can further react with the hydrochloric acid mixture in the liquid suction disc, thus achieving the complete absorption of hydrogen chloride, and the rotational stirring of the stirring part ensures the uniformity of the reaction. Coupled with the differential setting of the absorption chamber, the occurrence of local supersaturation is prevented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the absorption-stage cooling furnace of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transfer cylinder of the present invention; Figure 4 is a sectional view of the structure of the transfer cylinder of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distribution tray of the present invention; Figure 6 is a sectional view of the structure of the distribution tray of the present invention; Figure 7 is Figure 6 an enlarged view of the structure at A in Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid suction disc of the present invention; Figure 9 is a top view of the structure of the distribution tray of the present invention; Figure 10 is Figure 9 an enlarged view of the structure at B in Figure 11 is Figure 9 an enlarged view of the structure at C in Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle of the present invention.

[0020] The meanings of the various reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1. Synthesis furnace; 2. Cooling furnace; 3. Cooling cylinder; 4. Transfer cylinder; 5. First gas guide pipe; 6. First servo motor; 7. Screw; 8. Extrusion disc; 9. Limit rod; 10. First airbag; 11. Second airbag; 12. Second gas guide pipe; 13. Mounting disc; 14. Nozzle; 15. Spray hole; 16. Distribution disc; 17. Partition plate; 18. Sprayer; 19. Liquid suction disc; 20. Mounting cylinder; 21. Second servo motor; 22. Stirring part; 23. Drain hole; 24. Concentration probe; 25. Liquid storage barrel; 26. Absorption chamber. Detailed implementation mode

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Therefore, the present invention provides a graphite synthesis furnace with multiple distribution discs in the absorption section. Refer to Figures 1 - 2 As shown, it includes a synthesis furnace 1 for synthesizing hydrogen chloride gas. A cooling furnace 2 is provided below the synthesis furnace 1. A cooling cylinder 3 is arranged in the cooling furnace 2 for cooling hydrogen chloride gas. A transfer cylinder 4 is connected below the cooling cylinder 3. A suction assembly is arranged in the transfer cylinder 4 for extracting hydrogen chloride from the cooling cylinder 3 portion by portion. Here, it should be noted first that the reason for extracting hydrogen chloride portion by portion through the suction assembly is that after extracting and outputting portion by portion, by the method of small amounts and multiple times (the same idea is also applied to the distribution of hydrogen chloride below), it can greatly reduce the non-uniformity of hydrogen chloride gas-liquid compared with continuous output in essence. It can be imagined that if continuous output is carried out, it will be very difficult to ensure that the amount of gas flow or the concentration and other values in a unified area remain controllable or as uniform as possible. However, for the thinking of small amounts and multiple times of extraction and output portion by portion, in each extraction and output, through subsequent processes, it can be "differentiated" to make it more convenient to control when considering issues such as uniformity and average. Therefore, the portion-by-portion extraction and output of the suction assembly is a prerequisite for subsequent processing.

[0023] Among them, as Figure 4As shown in the figure, the suction assembly includes a first servo motor 6 fixedly installed at the top end of the transfer cylinder 4. The output end of the first servo motor 6 is fixedly connected to a screw rod 7. The screw rod 7 penetrates through the upper and lower ends of the center position fixedly installed inside the transfer cylinder 4. Inside the transfer cylinder 4, limiting rods 9 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on both sides of the screw rod 7. A pressing disk 8 is slidably connected inside the transfer cylinder 4. The pressing disk 8 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 7 and is slidably connected to the limiting rods 9 for limiting the pressing disk 8. In this way, under the limitation of the limiting rods 9, the pressing disk 8 can only move up and down along the screw rod 7, and the frequency of its up and down movement can be controlled by the first servo motor 6. Inside the transfer cylinder 4, a first airbag 10 is fixedly installed directly above the pressing disk 8, and a second airbag 11 is fixedly installed directly below the pressing disk 8. One side of the first airbag 10 is communicated with a second air duct 12, and the other end of the second air duct 12 is connected to the second airbag 11. A first air duct 5 is provided at the top end of the transfer cylinder 4. One end of the first air duct 5 is connected to the first airbag 10, and the other end is connected to the cooling cylinder 3. Here, both the first airbag 10 and the second airbag 11 are annular airbags, and there is also a clearance for movement with the limiting rods 9, which is convenient for the first airbag 10 or the second airbag 11 to contract smoothly when the pressing disk 8 presses them and ensures airtightness. Additionally, it should be noted that both the first airbag 10 and the second airbag 11 can have strong self-recovery properties, or springs (not shown in the figure) that can restore their initial inflated state can be provided inside them. This is convenient for the airbag on the opposite side to automatically recover when the pressing disk 8 moves to the end where it presses the airbag in the opposite direction.

[0024] It should be noted here that a one-way valve that only allows air to enter but not exit is provided inside the first air duct 5 compared to the first airbag 10. A one-way valve that only allows air to exit but not enter is provided at one end of the second air duct 12 located inside the first airbag 10 compared to the first airbag 10. A one-way valve that only allows air to enter but not exit is provided at one end of the second air duct 12 located inside the second airbag 11 compared to the second airbag 11. Here, the one-way valve is a necessary condition for restricting the air flow direction.

[0025] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 and Figures 5 - 7 As shown in the figure, an installation disk 13 is provided below the transfer cylinder 4. A plurality of distribution disks 16 are hermetically installed below the installation disk 13. Here, the installation disk 13 plays a role in sealing and stable support. As can be seen from Figure 10 the figure, a plurality of distribution disks 16 are sleeved with each other from the inside to the outside. Figure 10It can be seen that, similar to the matryoshka principle, there is a gap between two adjacent distribution plates 16. A number of partition plates 17 are evenly arranged in the gap between two adjacent distribution plates 16. The gap between two adjacent distribution plates 16 is divided into a number of absorption chambers 26 by the partition plates 17. It should be emphasized that for the partition plates 17 between a number of adjacent distribution plates 16, the number thereof increases radially outward from the central position of the distribution plate 16 to ensure the uniformity of the sizes of the absorption chambers 26. However, the specific number of distribution plates 16 to be sleeved is determined according to the need to ensure that the size of the absorption chamber 26 can achieve more controllable absorption of hydrogen chloride as much as possible.

[0026] Secondly, a number of spray pipes 14 are arranged on the mounting plate 13. One end of the spray pipe 14 is communicated with the second airbag 11, and a one-way pressure valve that only allows outflow but not inflow compared with the second airbag 11 is arranged at the end communicated with the second airbag 11 to ensure that the gas amounts sprayed by the spray pipes 14 are equal (here it is a one-way pressure valve, rather than an ordinary one-way valve). The other end is located in a number of absorption chambers 26. The hydrogen chloride in the second airbag 11 is sprayed into the absorption chambers 26 in portions through the spray pipes 14. The one-way pressure valve here will only open and release when the pressure reaches a certain value when the extrusion disc 8 extrudes the second airbag 11. In this way, it can be ensured that the hydrogen chloride entering the second airbag 11 is redistributed after being extruded by the extrusion disc 8, ensuring the uniformity of the pressure in all directions at the bottom of the entire second airbag 11. Only in this way can it be ensured that the gas amounts of the hydrogen chloride sprayed by each spray pipe 14 are as equal as possible when the one-way pressure valve is opened, providing guarantee for the subsequent absorption uniformity. In addition, a number of spray heads 18 are arranged on both sides of the partition plate 17 for spraying the absorption liquid. A number of spray holes 15 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the spray pipe 14 located in the absorption chamber 26. The spray holes 15 correspond one by one to the spray heads 18 on the partition plate 17 and the spray ports are arranged oppositely. In this way, the absorption liquid sprayed by the spray heads 18 can be in countercurrent contact with the hydrogen chloride sprayed from the spray holes 15, improving the reaction efficiency and contact area. Finally, through the above, it can echo the "differential" thinking mentioned above. By forming gaps through multiple distribution plates 16, a number of absorption chambers 26 with uniform sizes are established in the gaps. Then, through such small chambers as the absorption chambers 26, "single-portion uniform" absorption reaction is realized. Combined with the above one-way pressure valve to control the gas amount sprayed by the spray pipe 14 to be as the same as possible each time, and then in each small absorption chamber 26, the countercurrent contact reaction of hydrogen chloride is controlled through the spray holes 15 and the spray heads 18. In this way, the risk of eddy current and dead angle problems can be greatly reduced, ensuring the uniformity of reaction absorption.

[0027] Even if the above cannot achieve 100% uniform and stable absorption, further, such as Figure 12 and Figure 7As shown in the figure, a liquid suction tray 19 is arranged directly below the distribution tray 16 in the cooling furnace 2 to collect the absorption liquid after absorbing hydrogen chloride. The outermost distribution tray 16 and the liquid suction tray 19 are of matching sizes and are both in contact with the inner wall of the cooling furnace 2. This can ensure that the gas ejected from the absorption chamber 26 does not flow to other places and all flows into the liquid suction tray 19. It should be added here that the nozzle 18 is connected to the absorption liquid pool arranged outside the cooling furnace 2, and a corresponding pump is used to drive the nozzle 18 to spray the absorption liquid. In addition, the partition plate 17 is made of graphite composite material to absorb the residual heat after the absorption of hydrogen chloride. In this way, the partition plate 17 can not only absorb the residual heat of hydrogen chloride gas during the cooling stage (to prevent affecting the reaction absorption of hydrogen chloride), but also, due to the heat transfer property of its material, can liquefy the gas-liquid mixture after the reaction more quickly and make it flow into the liquid suction tray 19 to gather.

[0028] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 6 - 8 the figure, the bottom end of the absorption chamber 26 is in an open state, and there is a gap between the liquid suction tray 19 and the bottom end of the absorption chamber 26. Considering the water solubility of hydrogen chloride and the principle of gas diffusion, setting a gap between the absorption chamber 26 and the liquid suction tray 19 can ensure the flow and temporary storage of the liquefied liquid. Secondly and most importantly, when a certain amount of liquid accumulates in the liquid suction tray 19, the hydrochloric acid concentration in the liquid may be uneven or unqualified at this time, and the unreacted hydrogen chloride in the absorption chamber 26 will flow to the upper surface of the liquid suction tray 19 through the absorption chamber 26. Because the transfer cylinder 4 and the periphery of the liquid suction tray 19 are hermetically attached to the cooling furnace 2, it can further react and absorb with it. If hydrogen chloride is ejected from the absorption chamber 26 into the liquid suction tray 19, after a certain height of liquid accumulates in the liquid suction tray 19, when the gas in the absorption chamber 26 is ejected, it will be ejected upward in the form of bubbles from the bottom up, resulting in local supersaturation; in addition, the amount of the absorption liquid ejected by the nozzle 18 is determined according to the amount of hydrogen chloride ejected in "single portion", so the nozzle 18 also needs to be set according to the specific situation; and an installation cylinder 20 is arranged at the central position of the distribution tray 16, and by Figure 11As shown, the installation cylinder 20 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the installation disk 13. A second servo motor 21 is fixedly arranged inside the installation cylinder 20. The output end of the second servo motor 21 is fixedly connected with a stirring part 22. The stirring part 22 is rotationally connected inside the liquid suction disk 19 and is used for mixing the hydrochloric acid mixture inside the liquid suction disk 19. In this way, for the hydrogen chloride that is not completely absorbed in the absorption chamber 26, it will flow above the liquid suction disk 19 and further undergo an absorption reaction with the hydrochloric acid mixture accumulated in the liquid suction disk 19. Here, it should be particularly emphasized that when looking up at several absorption chambers 26 from the perspective of the liquid suction disk 19, even if 100% complete absorption cannot be achieved in the absorption chamber 26, several absorption chambers 26 are equivalent to several "differential" nozzles, evenly outputting hydrogen chloride in portions onto the surface of the liquid suction disk 19. In this way, the role of the absorption chamber 26 is further demonstrated, and there is also the rotational stirring of the stirring part 22 to further ensure the uniformity of the reaction and prevent local supersaturation.

[0029] It is worth mentioning that, as can be seen from Figure 8 inside, a concentration probe 24 is arranged on the inner side of the liquid suction disk 19 and is used for detecting the concentration of hydrochloric acid inside the liquid suction disk 19. A liquid discharge hole 23 is opened at the bottom inside the liquid suction disk 19. A liquid storage bucket 25 is arranged inside the cooling furnace 2 directly below the liquid suction disk 19. The liquid storage bucket 25 is communicated with the liquid suction disk 19 through the liquid discharge hole 23 and is used for storing the qualified hydrochloric acid flowing out of the liquid suction disk 19. A valve controlled by the concentration probe 24 is arranged inside the liquid discharge hole 23. In this way, once the hydrochloric acid meets the requirements, the liquid discharge hole 23 is opened, and the liquid storage bucket 25 quickly completes the collection of the qualified liquid inside the liquid suction disk 19. Once the concentration has not reached (because during the process of discharging the liquid inside the liquid suction disk 19, the above process continues all the time), after quickly pumping out the qualified hydrochloric acid inside the liquid suction disk 19, the subsequent entry of hydrochloric acid will have an impact. When the impact causes the concentration not to meet the requirements, the liquid discharge hole 23 will be closed and the reaction absorption will continue.

[0030] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection required by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A graphite synthesis furnace with multiple distribution trays in the absorption section, which comprises a synthesis furnace (1) for synthesizing hydrogen chloride gas, and a cooling furnace (2) is arranged below the synthesis furnace (1), and is characterized in that: A cooling cylinder (3) is arranged in the cooling furnace (2) for cooling hydrogen chloride gas. A transfer cylinder (4) is connected to the lower part of the cooling cylinder (3). A suction assembly is arranged in the transfer cylinder (4). The suction assembly extracts hydrogen chloride from the cooling cylinder (3) portion by portion. An installation disk (13) is arranged under the transfer cylinder (4). A plurality of distribution disks (16) are hermetically arranged under the installation disk (13). The plurality of distribution disks (16) are sleeved with each other from the inside to the outside, and there is a gap between two adjacent distribution disks (16). A plurality of partition plates (17) are evenly arranged in the gap between two adjacent distribution disks (16). The plurality of partition plates (17) divide the gap between two adjacent distribution disks (16) into a plurality of absorption chambers (26). A plurality of spray pipes (14) are arranged on the installation disk (13). One end of the spray pipe (14) is communicated with the suction assembly, and the other end is located in the plurality of absorption chambers (26). The hydrogen chloride in the suction assembly is sprayed into the absorption chambers (26) portion by portion through the spray pipes (14). A plurality of spray heads (18) are arranged on both sides of the partition plate (17) for spraying the absorption liquid. A liquid suction disk (19) is arranged directly below the distribution disk (16) in the cooling furnace (2) for receiving the absorption liquid after absorbing hydrogen chloride.

2. The graphite synthesis furnace with a multi-layer distribution tray in the absorption section according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction assembly includes a first servo motor (6) fixed at the top end of the transfer cylinder (4). The output end of the first servo motor (6) is fixedly connected with a screw rod (7). The screw rod (7) penetrates through the upper and lower ends of the center position fixedly arranged in the transfer cylinder (4). Two limiting rods (9) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on both sides of the screw rod (7) in the transfer cylinder (4). A pressing disk (8) is slidably connected in the transfer cylinder (4). The pressing disk (8) is in threaded connection with the screw rod (7), and the pressing disk (8) is slidably connected with the limiting rod (9) for limiting the pressing disk (8). A first air bag (10) is fixedly arranged directly above the pressing disk (8) in the transfer cylinder (4). A second air bag (11) is fixedly arranged directly below the pressing disk (8) in the transfer cylinder (4). One side of the first air bag (10) is communicated with a second air duct (12). The other end of the second air duct (12) is connected with the second air bag (11). A first air duct (5) is arranged at the top end of the transfer cylinder (4). One end of the first air duct (5) is connected with the first air bag (10), and the other end is connected with the cooling cylinder (3).

3. The graphite synthesis furnace with a multi-layer distribution tray in the absorption section according to claim 2, characterized in that: A one-way valve that only allows air to enter but not exit is arranged in the first air duct (5) compared with the first air bag (10). A one-way valve that only allows air to exit but not enter is arranged at one end of the second air duct (12) located in the first air bag (10) compared with the first air bag (10). A one-way valve that only allows air to enter but not exit is arranged at one end of the second air duct (12) located in the second air bag (11) compared with the second air bag (11).

4. The graphite synthesis furnace with a multi-layer distribution tray in the absorption section according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the nozzle (14) is connected to the second airbag (11), and a one-way pressure valve that only allows air to flow out but not in is provided inside the end connected to the second airbag (11) compared to the second airbag (11), so as to ensure that the amount of gas ejected from several nozzles (14) is equal.

5. The graphite synthesis furnace with a multi-layer distribution tray in the absorption section according to claim 1, characterized in that: A number of spray holes (15) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the nozzle (14) located inside the absorption chamber (26), and the spray holes (15) correspond one by one to the spray heads (18) on the partition plate (17) and are arranged with their spray ports facing each other.

6. The graphite synthesis furnace with a multi-layer distribution plate in the absorption section according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spray head (18) is connected to an absorption liquid pool arranged outside the cooling furnace (2), and a corresponding pump is used to drive the spray head (18) to spray the absorption liquid; The partition plate (17) is made of a graphite composite material to absorb the residual heat of hydrogen chloride absorption.

7. The graphite synthesis furnace with a multi-layer distribution plate in the absorption section according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of partition plates (17) between several adjacent distribution plates (16) increases radially outward from the central position of the distribution plate (16) to ensure the uniformity of the sizes of several absorption chambers (26).

8. The graphite synthesis furnace with a multi-layer distribution tray in the absorption section according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the absorption chamber (26) is in an open state, and there is a gap between the liquid absorption tray (19) and the bottommost end of the absorption chamber (26). An installation cylinder (20) is arranged at the central position of the distribution plate (16), the installation cylinder (20) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the installation plate (13), a second servo motor (21) is fixedly arranged inside the installation cylinder (20), the output end of the second servo motor (21) is fixedly connected to a stirring part (22), and the stirring part (22) is rotatably connected inside the liquid absorption tray (19) to mix the hydrochloric acid mixture inside the liquid absorption tray (19).

9. The graphite synthesis furnace with a multi-layer distribution plate in the absorption section according to claim 8, characterized in that: A concentration probe (24) is arranged inside the liquid absorption tray (19) to detect the concentration of hydrochloric acid inside the liquid absorption tray (19). A liquid discharge hole (23) is opened at the bottom inside the liquid absorption tray (19). A liquid storage bucket (25) is arranged inside the cooling furnace (2) directly below the liquid absorption tray (19). The liquid storage bucket (25) is connected to the liquid absorption tray (19) through the liquid discharge hole (23) to store the qualified hydrochloric acid flowing out of the liquid absorption tray (19), and a valve controlled by the concentration probe (24) is arranged inside the liquid discharge hole (23).

10. The graphite synthesis furnace with a multi-layer distribution tray in the absorption section according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outermost distribution plate (16) and the liquid absorption tray (19) are of suitable sizes and are both in contact with the inner wall of the cooling furnace (2).

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