Knuckle bearing performance detection equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bearing testing, and discloses knuckle bearing performance detection equipment which comprises a base, a rotary table assembly, a bearing mounting seat, a radial swing assembly, an axial swing assembly, a support and a pressure loading assembly. The rotary table assembly is installed on the upper end face of the base. The bearing installation base is installed on the rotary table assembly and synchronously acts along with the rotary table assembly. The radial swing assembly and the axial swing assembly are installed at the two ends of the base respectively. The radial swing assembly is provided with a driving plate capable of horizontally reciprocating along the upper end face of the base, and the driving plate drives the rotary table assembly and the bearing installation base to rotate synchronously. The device integrates the radial swing assembly, the axial swing assembly and the pressure loading assembly, so that multiple testing functions are integrated, multi-direction stress of the knuckle bearing in actual work is comprehensively simulated, the performance of the bearing under comprehensive stress can be accurately detected, unqualified bearings are prevented from entering a use link, and the running safety of railway vehicles is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bearing testing, and particularly to a performance detection device for spherical bearings. Background Art

[0002] In the manufacturing and maintenance workshops of rail vehicles, the performance detection of spherical bearings is of great importance. Due to the complex operating environment of rail vehicles, the spherical bearings thereof need to withstand the alternating action of various loads such as tensile force, pressure, radial force, torsional force, and deflection force, and the reliability requirements for the bearings are extremely high. However, the existing spherical bearing detection devices have many serious problems in such scenarios.

[0003] Most of the existing detection devices have a simple structure and can only perform wear fatigue tests on spherical bearings in a single direction. In the manufacturing workshop of rail vehicles, a large number of spherical bearings need to be produced every day, and strict quality control is required for them. However, when using the existing devices, only the performance of the bearings in a certain direction can be detected, and the complex stress conditions during actual operation cannot be fully simulated.

[0004] For example, when simulating a train turning, the spherical bearing is not only subjected to radial force but also simultaneously bears axial force and pressure in other directions. However, the existing devices cannot simulate these forces simultaneously, resulting in some bearings that are prone to failure under combined stress being misjudged as qualified products. After these unqualified bearings are installed on rail vehicles, they may be prematurely damaged during train operation due to their inability to withstand complex forces, leading to safety accidents. According to statistics, a considerable part of the rail vehicle failures caused by spherical bearing failures is due to the failure of the detection device to accurately detect their combined performance problems.

[0005] Due to the single test function of the existing detection devices, in order to comprehensively detect the performance of spherical bearings, the workshop often needs to be equipped with multiple different types of detection devices, which undoubtedly increases the equipment procurement cost and maintenance cost. Moreover, during the detection process, it is necessary to replace the equipment multiple times to perform tests on the same bearing in different directions, which greatly prolongs the detection time, reduces the production and maintenance efficiency. At the same time, the long detection cycle will also affect the R & D progress, because accurate bearing performance data cannot be obtained in time, and it is difficult for R & D personnel to optimize and improve the newly designed bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the technical problems in the background art, the present invention proposes a performance detection device for spherical bearings.

[0007] A performance detection device for spherical bearings proposed by the present invention includes a base, a turntable assembly, a bearing mounting seat, a radial swing assembly, an axial swing assembly, a bracket, and a pressure loading assembly; The turntable assembly is installed on the upper end surface of the base, and the bearing mounting seat is installed on the turntable assembly and moves synchronously with the turntable assembly; The radial swing assembly and the axial swing assembly are respectively installed at both ends of the base; the radial swing assembly has a driving plate that can reciprocate horizontally along the upper end surface of the base, and drives the turntable assembly and the bearing mounting seat to rotate synchronously through the driving plate, so that the bearing to be tested on the bearing mounting seat deflects radially to achieve radial wear resistance testing; The axial swing assembly has a test shaft that penetrates the bearing to be tested on the bearing mounting seat, and the test shaft is in interference fit with the bearing to be tested. The test shaft and the bearing to be tested are driven to rotate synchronously through the axial swing assembly to achieve axial wear resistance testing; The brackets are symmetrically installed on both sides of the base, and a cross beam is installed at the upper end of the brackets; The pressure loading assembly is installed on the cross beam. One end of the pressure loading assembly extends downward and has a pressing part that presses on the test shaft. The outer peripheral surface of the test shaft is in rolling connection with the lower end of the pressing part. The pressure loading assembly applies a test pressure to the test shaft through the pressing part.

[0008] Aiming at the problem of the single function of the existing spherical plain bearing testing equipment, this equipment integrates multiple testing functions. The base, as the basic support structure, provides an installation platform for other components. The turntable assembly cooperates with the bearing mounting seat to carry the bearing to be tested. The radial swing assembly drives the turntable assembly and the bearing mounting seat to rotate synchronously through the horizontal reciprocating movement of the driving plate, simulating the radial force received by the spherical plain bearing during actual operation to achieve radial wear resistance testing; the test shaft of the axial swing assembly is in interference fit with the bearing to be tested, driving the two to rotate synchronously, simulating the axial force condition, and performing axial wear resistance testing; the brackets and the cross beam provide an installation position for the pressure loading assembly. The pressure loading assembly applies pressure to the test shaft through the pressing part, simulating the longitudinal pressure, comprehensively simulating the force on the spherical plain bearing under actual working conditions, meeting the actual detection requirements, and accurately evaluating the performance of the spherical plain bearing.

[0009] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the turntable assembly includes a gear and a rotating column. The gear is installed at the upper end of the rotating column and is rotatably connected to the upper end surface of the base. A rack is installed on the side of the driving plate close to the gear, and the rack is meshed with the gear; The turntable assembly adopts the structure of a gear and a rotating column. The gear is installed at the upper end of the rotating column and is rotatably connected to the base, ensuring that the turntable assembly can rotate stably. The rack on the driving plate is meshed with the gear. When the driving plate reciprocates horizontally under the action of the radial swing assembly, the rack drives the gear to rotate, and then the rotating column and the bearing mounting seat installed thereon rotate synchronously; This kind of gear-rack transmission structure is simple and reliable, can precisely control the rotation angle and speed of the turntable assembly, ensure the accuracy and stability of the radial wear resistance testing, and provide a guarantee for accurately testing the radial performance of the spherical plain bearing.

[0010] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the radial swing assembly further includes a first driving link, a hinge seat, an eccentric shaft, and a first motor. The first motor is installed at one end of the base away from the axial swing assembly. The first driving link is arranged between the driving plate and the first motor. One end of the first driving link is hinged to the driving plate through the hinge seat, and the other end of the first driving link is connected to the output end of the first motor through the eccentric shaft; A rotating disc is installed at the output end of the first motor. One end of the eccentric shaft is fixed on the rotating disc and is offset from the axis of the first motor. The other end of the eccentric shaft is rotatably connected to the shaft end of the first driving link. The swing angle is controlled by the eccentricity of the eccentric shaft; The first motor serves as the power source of the radial swing assembly. The rotating disc at its output end drives the eccentric shaft to rotate. Since the eccentric shaft is offset from the axis of the first motor, during the rotation process, the eccentric shaft will cause the first driving link to swing reciprocally. The first driving link is hinged to the driving plate through the hinge seat, converting this swing into the horizontal reciprocating motion of the driving plate. This structural design is ingenious. By using the eccentric shaft and the linkage mechanism, the rotational motion of the motor is converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the driving plate, providing a stable driving force for the rotation of the turntable assembly, ensuring the reliability and stability of the operation of the radial swing assembly, and further ensuring the smooth progress of the radial wear resistance test.

[0011] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the number of turntable assemblies is multiple. The multiple turntable assemblies are divided into two groups and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the driving plate. Each group of multiple turntable assemblies is linearly distributed, and the center line connections of the multiple turntable assemblies are parallel to the moving path of the driving plate; Setting multiple turntable assemblies and grouping them symmetrically can test multiple joint bearings simultaneously. Compared with traditional single-sample testing equipment, the number of test samples is greatly increased. Each group of multiple turntable assemblies is linearly distributed and the center line connections are parallel to the moving path of the driving plate, ensuring that each turntable assembly can obtain the same motion state under the drive of the radial swing assembly, ensuring the consistency of the test conditions, improving the comparability of the test results, obtaining more test data within the same time, accelerating the detection process, and improving the detection capacity and detection efficiency of the enterprise.

[0012] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a slide rail is installed on the upper end surface of the base between the two groups of turntable assemblies, and the lower end of the driving plate is slidably assembled with the slide rail; The installation of the slide rail provides an accurate motion track for the driving plate. The lower end of the driving plate is slidably assembled with the slide rail, restricting the motion direction of the driving plate so that it can only reciprocate horizontally along the slide rail. This not only ensures the stability of the driving plate's motion, reduces the shaking and offset during the motion process, but also further improves the accuracy of the rotation of the turntable assembly, ensuring that each bearing to be tested can receive a stable and consistent radial force during the radial wear resistance test, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0013] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the number of test shafts is two and they are parallel to each other. The two test shafts correspond to two sets of turntable assemblies and penetrate through the corresponding bearings to be tested. The two test shafts rotate synchronously and in the same direction under the drive of the axial swing assembly; The two mutually parallel test shafts are correspondingly arranged with two sets of turntable assemblies, and can simultaneously perform axial wear resistance tests on two sets of bearings to be tested. The design of synchronous and co-directional rotation ensures that the bearings on the two test shafts are subjected to the same axial force and rotation state during the test, making the test conditions more consistent. In this way, more effective data can be obtained in one test, improving the test efficiency. At the same time, it can also better compare the performance differences of different bearings under the same axial working conditions, providing a more comprehensive and accurate basis for evaluating the axial performance of the spherical plain bearing.

[0014] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the axial swing assembly further includes a main shaft, a second driving link, a third driving link, a fourth driving link, a connecting shaft, and a second motor; The second motor is installed at one end of the base away from the radial swing assembly; A fixing plate is installed on the base between the axial swing assembly and the turntable assembly. The shaft ends of the two test shafts are respectively rotatably installed on both sides of the upper end of the fixing plate; Both ends of the main shaft are rotatably connected to a second driving link. One end of the second driving link away from the main shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixing plate through a rotating shaft, and the other end of the second driving link away from the main shaft is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting shaft. The other end of the connecting shaft is connected to the output end of the second motor; The number of the third driving links is two. The first ends of the two third driving links are rotatably sleeved on the main shaft and are staggeredly distributed. The second ends of the two third driving links are respectively rotatably connected to a fourth driving link. The end of the fourth driving link away from the third driving link is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the adjacent test shaft. The swing angle is controlled by the distance between the two fourth driving links; The second motor serves as the power source of the axial swing assembly, driving the connecting shaft to rotate. The connecting shaft drives the main shaft to rotate through the second driving link. The third driving links on the main shaft rotate with the main shaft. Since the two third driving links are staggeredly distributed and are respectively connected to the shaft ends of the test shafts through the fourth driving links, when the main shaft rotates, the two test shafts will rotate synchronously and in the same direction under the action of the third driving link and the fourth driving link. This complex link transmission structure can accurately control the rotation of the test shafts, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the axial wear resistance test, comprehensively simulating the axial force and rotation conditions of the spherical plain bearing in actual work, and providing reliable test conditions for accurately evaluating the axial performance of the spherical plain bearing.

[0015] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, bearing seats are installed on both sides of the upper end of the fixed plate. A transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the bearing seats. One end of the transmission shaft is connected to the shaft end of the test shaft through a universal coupling, and the other end of the transmission shaft is fixed to the end of the fourth driving link away from the third driving link; The bearing seats and the transmission shaft on the fixed plate play a role in connection and transmission. The universal coupling connects the test shaft and the transmission shaft, which can compensate for the possible angular deviation and displacement between the test shaft and the transmission shaft, ensure the effective transmission of power, and avoid the smooth rotation of the test shaft caused by installation errors or component deformation. The transmission shaft transmits the power of the fourth driving link to the test shaft, ensuring the stable rotation of the test shaft, further improving the reliability and stability of the axial swing assembly, and ensuring the accuracy of the axial wear resistance test.

[0016] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the pressure loading assembly includes a mounting frame, guide rods, a bottom plate, a movable plate, and a spring. The mounting frame is installed at the upper end of the bracket. The number of guide rods is two, and they are both slidably sleeved on the mounting frame and vertically and parallelly distributed. The lower ends of the two guide rods are fixedly connected through the bottom plate. The pressing part is installed at the lower end of the bottom plate. The movable plate is slidably sleeved on the two guide rods and is driven by a lifting mechanism installed on the mounting frame. The spring is sleeved on the guide rods and fixedly connected between the bottom plate and the movable plate. The distance between the movable plate and the bottom plate is adjusted through the lifting mechanism to adjust the magnitude of the pressure exerted by the spring on the bottom plate and the pressing part; The pressure loading assembly adjusts the distance between the movable plate and the bottom plate through the lifting mechanism, thereby changing the compression degree of the spring, realizing the precise adjustment of the test pressure magnitude. The guide rods provide guidance in the vertical direction for the movable plate and the bottom plate, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the pressure application. When the movable plate moves downward under the drive of the lifting mechanism, the spring is compressed, and the elastic force generated by the spring is transmitted to the pressing part through the bottom plate, and then acts on the test shaft by the pressing part. This design can flexibly adjust the test pressure according to different test standards and requirements, meet various test scenarios, and improve the accuracy of the longitudinal pressure wear resistance test.

[0017] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the pressing part includes side plates and rollers. The number of side plates is two and they are oppositely installed at the bottom of the bottom plate. The rollers are rotatably installed between the two side plates. The number of rollers is two and they are symmetrically distributed. The axis of the rollers is parallel to the axis of the test shaft, and the two rollers respectively press on the upper sides of both sides of the test shaft; The pressing part adopts the structure of side plates and rollers. The two symmetrically distributed rollers press on the upper sides of both sides of the test shaft. This design can evenly distribute the pressure on the test shaft, avoiding excessive or insufficient local pressure from affecting the test results; The roller adopts a polyoxymethylene bearing, which has good wear resistance, self-lubrication and low friction coefficient. It can reduce the friction between the roller and the test shaft, reduce the heat and wear generated by friction, ensure the stability and accuracy of pressure transmission during the test, improve the reliability of the test results, and at the same time extend the service life of the pressing part.

[0018] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the lifting mechanism includes a threaded rod, a half coupling, and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is installed on the upper end surface of the movable plate and located between the two guide rods. The threaded rod is threadedly sleeved on the mounting frame. One end of the threaded rod extends upward and is driven manually or electrically. The other end of the threaded rod extends downward to between the two guide rods and is fixed to the upper end of the pressure sensor through a half coupling. The pressure sensor is connected to the pressure display through a wire; As the main component of the lifting mechanism, by manually or electrically driving the threaded rod to rotate, the position of the movable plate can be precisely adjusted. The half coupling connects the threaded rod and the pressure sensor, ensuring the effective transmission of force. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure exerted by the spring on the movable plate in real time and transmits the pressure data to the pressure display through a wire, facilitating the operator to intuitively understand the magnitude of the test pressure. This design can not only precisely adjust the test pressure but also monitor the pressure change in real time, ensuring that the pressure always meets the test requirements during the test, further improving the accuracy and scientificity of the longitudinal pressure wear test.

[0019] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the bearing mounting seat includes a bearing base and a fixing seat. The bearing base is installed on the upper end of the fixing seat. The fixing seat is fixed to the upper end surface of the gear by bolts, and the longitudinal center line of the bearing base coincides with the axis of the gear; Before the test, first assemble the bearing to be tested into the bearing base, then press-fit the bearing base onto the test shaft through a press, and finally fix the fixing seat at the center of the upper end surface of the adjacent gear by bolts to complete the pre-test work; during the test, by rotating the threaded rod, the movable plate is driven to move downward along the guide rod and squeeze the spring. The spring applies pressure to the bottom plate and the pressing part, and then the roller of the pressing part transmits the pressure to the test shaft, and the test shaft transmits the pressure to the bearing to be tested for longitudinal pressure wear test.

[0020] The structural design of the bearing mounting seat makes the installation and test of the bearing more convenient. The cooperation between the bearing base and the fixing seat, as well as the bolt connection method between the fixing seat and the gear, ensure the stability of the bearing to be tested during the test. Before the test, following the steps of first assembling the bearing into the bearing base, then press-fitting it onto the test shaft, and finally fixing the fixing seat, the operation is simple and clear, reducing the work difficulty of the operator. During the test, the pressure is adjusted through the threaded rod of the pressure loading component to achieve longitudinal pressure.

[0021] The joint bearing performance detection equipment proposed by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This equipment integrates a radial swing component, an axial swing component, and a pressure loading component. The radial swing component drives the turntable component and the bearing mounting seat to rotate synchronously, causing the bearing to be tested to deflect radially, simulating the radial force received under conditions such as train turning, and realizing radial wear resistance testing. The test shaft of the axial swing component is in interference fit with the bearing to be tested, driving the two to rotate synchronously to simulate the axial force condition. The pressure loading component applies a test pressure to the test shaft to simulate the longitudinal pressure. Multiple test functions are integrated into one, comprehensively simulating the multi-directional forces on the joint bearing during actual operation, accurately detecting the performance of the bearing under combined forces, preventing unqualified bearings from entering the usage link, and ensuring the safe operation of rail vehicles. (2) The present invention accurately simulates the actual forces through the coordinated operation of multiple components. During the detection process, the radial swing component, the axial swing component, and the pressure loading component can apply forces consistent with the actual working conditions to the joint bearing from different directions respectively, comprehensively detecting the wear resistance of the bearing under various force conditions. For example, when simulating the complex operating conditions of a train, the influence of radial force, axial force, and longitudinal pressure on the bearing can be considered simultaneously, accurately determining whether the bearing truly meets the quality standards, greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the detection, and effectively reducing the potential safety hazards of rail vehicles caused by bearing failures. (3) In the present invention, the number of turntable components is multiple and they are symmetrically distributed in groups. Each group of multiple turntable components is linearly distributed, enabling multiple joint bearings to be tested simultaneously at one time. Compared with traditional single-sample testing equipment, this greatly increases the number of test samples, can obtain more test data in the same time, speeds up the detection process, significantly improves the detection efficiency, and meets the requirements of the production workshop for rapid detection of a large number of bearings. (4) The equipment of the present invention integrates multiple test functions into one, and one equipment can complete the work of traditional multiple equipment. For example, originally, one radial testing equipment, one axial testing equipment, and one pressure testing equipment needed to be purchased. Now, only by purchasing the equipment of the present invention can all test functions be achieved, greatly reducing the equipment procurement cost. The reduction in the number of equipment also means a reduction in maintenance costs, including costs for equipment maintenance, repair, and replacement of parts. This saves the enterprise's resource investment. At the same time, the integrated equipment can reduce the test time, improve the actual detection efficiency, and reduce the adverse impact on the R & D progress, so that R & D personnel can optimize and improve the newly designed bearings.

[0022] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially become apparent from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram from the first perspective of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram from the second perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic structure diagram of the radial swing assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic structure diagram of the axial swing assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic combined structure diagram of the axial swing assembly and the positioning assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic distribution structure diagram of the radial swing assembly and the axial swing assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic structure diagram of the pressure loading assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic structure diagram of the turntable assembly and the positioning assembly of the present invention.

[0024] Description of the drawings: 1. Base; 2. Turntable assembly; 21. Gear; 22. Rotating column; 3. Bearing mounting seat; 31. Bearing base; 32. Fixed seat; 4. Radial swing assembly; 41. Driving plate; 42. First driving link; 43. Hinge seat; 44. Eccentric shaft; 45. First motor; 46. Rack; 5. Axial swing assembly; 51. Test shaft; 52. Main shaft; 53. Second driving link; 54. Third driving link; 55. Fourth driving link; 56. Connecting shaft; 57. Second motor; 6. Bracket; 7. Pressure loading assembly; 71. Pressing part; 72. Mounting frame; 73. Guide rod; 74. Base plate; 75. Movable plate; 76. Spring; 77. Threaded rod; 78. Half-coupling; 79. Pressure sensor; 8. Cross beam; 9. Fixed plate; 10. Slide rail. Detailed description of the specific implementation

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar symbols represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0026] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0027] In the field of bearing testing technology, the existing spherical plain bearing detection equipment is difficult to meet the actual test requirements and cannot comprehensively simulate the multi-directional force conditions of spherical plain bearings under complex working conditions. The spherical plain bearing performance detection equipment of the present invention, through innovative design and integration of various test functions, can more accurately evaluate the performance of spherical plain bearings. The specific implementation is as follows: As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 shown, the equipment is based on the base 1 as the basic support structure. The upper end surface of the base 1 is equipped with a turntable assembly 2. The turntable assembly 2 includes a gear 21 and a rotating column 22. The gear 21 is installed at the upper end of the rotating column 22 and is rotatably connected to the upper end surface of the base 1, providing stable rotational support for the subsequently installed bearing mount 3. The bearing mount 3 is installed on the turntable assembly 2 and moves synchronously with the turntable assembly 2, and is used to place the spherical plain bearing to be tested.

[0028] At both ends of the base 1, a radial swing assembly 4 and an axial swing assembly 5 are respectively installed.

[0029] Specifically, as Figure 3 and Figure 6 shown, the drive plate 41 of the radial swing assembly 4 can reciprocate horizontally along the upper end surface of the base 1. A rack 46 is installed on the side of the drive plate 41 close to the gear 21. The rack 46 is meshed with the gear 21, so as to realize that the drive plate 41 drives the turntable assembly 2 and the bearing mount 3 to rotate synchronously, causing the bearing to be tested to deflect radially, simulating the radial force condition in actual work, and performing radial wear resistance testing; The radial swing assembly 4 further includes a first driving link 42, a hinge seat 43, an eccentric shaft 44, and a first motor 45. The first motor 45 is installed at one end of the base 1 away from the axial swing assembly 5. The first driving link 42 is arranged between the driving plate 41 and the first motor 45. One end is hinged to the driving plate 41 through the hinge seat 43, and the other end is connected to the output end of the first motor 45 through the eccentric shaft 44. A rotating disk is installed at the output end of the first motor 45. One end of the eccentric shaft 44 is fixed on the rotating disk and is misaligned with the axis of the first motor 45. Through this eccentric shaft and connecting rod mechanism, the rotational motion of the first motor 45 is converted into the horizontal reciprocating motion of the driving plate 41, providing a stable driving force for the rotation of the turntable assembly 2.

[0030] Specifically, as Figures 4 - 6 shown, the axial swing assembly 5 has a test shaft 51 passing through the bearing to be tested on the bearing mounting seat 3. The test shaft 51 is in interference fit with the bearing to be tested. It further includes a main shaft 52, a second driving link 53, a third driving link 54, a fourth driving link 55, a connecting shaft 56, and a second motor 57; The second motor 57 is installed at one end of the base 1 away from the radial swing assembly 4. A fixing plate 9 is installed on the base 1 between the axial swing assembly 5 and the turntable assembly 2. The shaft ends of the two test shafts 51 are respectively rotatably installed on both sides of the upper end of the fixing plate 9. Both ends of the main shaft 52 are rotatably connected to a second driving link 53. One end of a second driving link 53 away from the main shaft 52 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixing plate 9 through a rotating shaft, and the other end of the second driving link 53 away from the main shaft 52 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting shaft 56. The other end of the connecting shaft 56 is connected to the output end of the second motor 57. The first ends of the two third driving links 54 are rotatably sleeved on the main shaft 52 and are staggeredly distributed. The second ends are respectively rotatably connected to a fourth driving link 55. The end of the fourth driving link 55 away from the third driving link 54 is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the adjacent test shaft 51. In this way, the second motor 57 drives the connecting shaft 56 to rotate, and then through a series of connecting rod transmissions, the two test shafts 51 rotate synchronously and in the same direction, simulating the axial force-bearing situation of the spherical plain bearing to perform axial wear resistance tests.

[0031] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the brackets 6 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the base 1. A cross beam 8 is installed at the upper end of the brackets 6. The pressure loading assembly 7 is installed on the cross beam 8.

[0032] Specifically, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 7 shown, the pressure loading assembly 7 includes a pressing part 71, a mounting frame 72, a guide rod 73, a bottom plate 74, a movable plate 75, a spring 76, and a lifting mechanism; There are two guiding rods 73, which are all slidably sleeved on the mounting frame 72 and vertically and parallelly distributed. The lower ends are fixedly connected through a bottom plate 74, and the pressing part 71 is installed at the lower end of the bottom plate 74; The movable plate 75 is slidably sleeved on the two guiding rods 73 and is driven by a lifting mechanism on the mounting frame 72. The spring 76 is sleeved on the guiding rods 73 and connects the bottom plate 74 and the movable plate 75. By adjusting the distance between the movable plate 75 and the bottom plate 74 through the lifting mechanism, the compression degree of the spring 76 can be changed, so as to adjust the magnitude of the test pressure applied to the test shaft 51, simulate the longitudinal pressure, and conduct the longitudinal pressure wear resistance test; The pressing part 71 includes two side plates oppositely installed at the bottom of the bottom plate 74 and two rollers rotatably installed between the side plates. The axis of the rollers is parallel to the axis of the test shaft 51, and the two rollers respectively press on the upper sides of both sides of the test shaft 51 to ensure that the pressure is evenly distributed on the test shaft 51 and reduce the influence of friction on the test results.

[0033] The operation process of this equipment is as follows: Test preparation work: Before the test, first assemble the bearing to be tested into the bearing base 31 of the bearing mounting seat 3, then press-fit the bearing base 31 onto the test shaft 51 through a press, and then fix the fixing seat 32 at the center of the upper end face of the adjacent gear 21 through bolts to firmly connect the bearing mounting seat 3 and the turntable assembly 2 to complete the test preparation work; Test process: Start the equipment, the first motor 45 starts to work, and its output end drives the eccentric shaft 44 to rotate. The eccentric shaft 44 causes the first driving link 42 to swing reciprocally, and then drives the driving plate 41 to move horizontally and reciprocally along the slide rail 10 on the upper end face of the base 1. The rack 46 on the driving plate 41 meshes with the gear 21, driving the turntable assembly 2 and the bearing mounting seat 3 to rotate synchronously, so that the bearing to be tested deflects radially to carry out the radial wear resistance test; At the same time, the second motor 57 also starts to operate, driving the connecting shaft 56 to rotate. The connecting shaft 56 drives the main shaft 52 to rotate through the second driving link 53. The third driving link 54 on the main shaft 52 rotates accordingly, and through the fourth driving link 55, the two test shafts 51 rotate synchronously and in the same direction to realize the axial wear resistance test of the spherical plain bearing; During the test, according to the test requirements, the distance between the movable plate 75 and the bottom plate 74 is adjusted by operating the threaded rod 77 of the lifting mechanism. The threaded rod 77 is threadedly sleeved on the mounting frame 72, with one end extending upward, which can be manually or electrically driven. The other end is fixed to the upper end of the pressure sensor 79 through a half-coupling 78. The pressure sensor 79 is installed on the upper end surface of the movable plate 75 and is located between two guide rods 73, and is connected to the pressure display through a wire. When the movable plate 75 moves downward, the compression spring 76 is compressed, and the elastic force of the spring 76 is transmitted to the pressing part 71 through the bottom plate 74, and then the roller of the pressing part 71 acts on the test shaft 51 to apply a test pressure to the test shaft 51 for longitudinal pressure wear resistance test. The operator can monitor the pressure magnitude in real time through the pressure display to ensure that the test pressure meets the test standard; Test end: Turn off the first motor 45 and the second motor 57, and operate the lifting mechanism to drive the pressing part 71 to release the applied longitudinal pressure. Then, the joint bearing after the test is pressed out from the test shaft 51 in the reverse direction by a press, and that's it.

[0034] In summary, through the collaborative work of multiple components, this device realizes the integration of multiple fatigue test functions for joint bearings. Multiple turntable components 2 are grouped and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the drive plate 41, and multiple turntable components 2 in each group are linearly distributed, enabling the simultaneous testing of multiple joint bearings. Compared with traditional single-sample test equipment, the number of test samples is greatly increased, the test efficiency is improved, more test data can be obtained within the same time, and the detection process is accelerated; The drive structure of the device is ingeniously designed. Whether it is the radial swing component 4 or the axial swing component 5, the rotation of the moving parts can be accurately controlled to ensure the accuracy and stability of the test, thereby improving the reliability of the test results; The pressure loading component 7 can accurately adjust the test pressure and monitor the pressure change in real time through the pressure sensor 79, meeting the requirements of different test standards for pressure, improving the accuracy of the longitudinal pressure wear resistance test, and making the test results more scientific and valuable for reference; In addition, the structural design of the bearing mounting seat 3 makes the installation and test process of the bearing simple and convenient, reduces the working difficulty of the operator, improves the usability of the device, reduces the test preparation time, and enhances the overall use efficiency of the device.

[0035] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A performance detection device for a spherical plain bearing, characterized in that: It includes a base (1), a turntable assembly (2), a bearing mounting seat (3), a radial swing assembly (4), an axial swing assembly (5), a bracket (6), and a pressure loading assembly (7); The turntable assembly (2) is installed on the upper end surface of the base (1), and the bearing mounting seat (3) is installed on the turntable assembly (2) and moves synchronously with the turntable assembly (2); The radial swing assembly (4) and the axial swing assembly (5) are respectively installed at both ends of the base (1); The radial swing assembly (4) has a driving plate (41) that can reciprocate horizontally along the upper end surface of the base (1), and drives the turntable assembly (2) and the bearing mounting seat (3) to rotate synchronously through the driving plate (41); The axial swing assembly (5) has a test shaft (51) that penetrates the bearing to be tested on the bearing mounting seat (3), and the test shaft (51) is in interference fit with the bearing to be tested, and drives the test shaft (51) and the bearing to be tested to rotate synchronously through the axial swing assembly (5); The brackets (6) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the base (1); The pressure loading assembly (7) is installed on the upper end of the bracket (6). One end of the pressure loading assembly (7) extends downward and has a pressing part (71) that presses on the test shaft (51). The outer peripheral surface of the test shaft (51) is in rolling connection with the lower end of the pressing part (71), and the pressure loading assembly (7) applies a test pressure to the test shaft (51) through the pressing part (71).

2. The performance detection device for a spherical plain bearing according to claim 1, wherein, The turntable assembly (2) includes a gear (21) and a rotating column (22). The gear (21) is installed at the upper end of the rotating column (22) and is rotatably connected to the upper end surface of the base (1). A rack (46) is installed on one side of the driving plate (41) close to the gear (21), and the rack (46) is meshed with the gear (21).

3. The performance detection device for a spherical plain bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial swing assembly (4) further includes a first driving link (42), a hinge seat (43), an eccentric shaft (44), and a first motor (45). The first motor (45) is installed at one end of the base (1) away from the axial swing assembly (5). The first driving link (42) is arranged between the driving plate (41) and the first motor (45). One end of the first driving link (42) is hinged to the driving plate (41) through the hinge seat (43), and the other end of the first driving link (42) is connected to the output end of the first motor (45) through the eccentric shaft (44); A rotating disc is installed at the output end of the first motor (45). One end of the eccentric shaft (44) is fixed on the rotating disc and is offset from the axis of the first motor (45), and the other end of the eccentric shaft (44) is rotatably connected to the shaft end of the first driving link (42).

4. The performance detection device for a spherical plain bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of turntable assemblies (2) is multiple. The multiple turntable assemblies (2) are divided into two groups and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the driving plate (41). Each group of multiple turntable assemblies (2) is linearly distributed, and the center connection line of the multiple turntable assemblies (2) is parallel to the moving path of the driving plate (41).

5. The performance detection device for a spherical plain bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that, A slide rail (10) is installed on the upper end surface of the base (1) between the two groups of turntable assemblies (2), and the lower end of the driving plate (41) is slidably assembled with the slide rail (10).

6. The performance detection device for a spherical plain bearing according to claim 4, wherein, The number of test shafts (51) is two and they are parallel to each other. The two test shafts (51) correspond to two sets of turntable assemblies (2) and penetrate through the corresponding bearings to be tested. The two test shafts (51) rotate synchronously and in the same direction under the drive of the axial swing assembly (5).

7. The performance detection device for a spherical plain bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The axial swing assembly (5) further includes a main shaft (52), a second driving link (53), a third driving link (54), a fourth driving link (55), a connecting shaft (56), and a second motor (57). The second motor (57) is installed at one end of the base (1) away from the radial swing assembly (4). A fixing plate (9) is installed on the base (1) between the axial swing assembly (5) and the turntable assembly (2). The shaft ends of the two test shafts (51) are respectively rotatably installed on both sides of the upper end of the fixing plate (9). Both ends of the main shaft (52) are rotatably connected to a second driving link (53). One end of the second driving link (53) away from the main shaft (52) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixing plate (9) through a rotating shaft, and the other end of the second driving link (53) away from the main shaft (52) is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting shaft (56). The other end of the connecting shaft (56) is connected to the output end of the second motor (57). The number of the third driving links (54) is two. The first ends of the two third driving links (54) are rotatably sleeved on the main shaft (52) and are staggeredly distributed. The second ends of the two third driving links (54) are respectively rotatably connected to a fourth driving link (55). The end of the fourth driving link (55) away from the third driving link (54) is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the adjacent test shaft (51).

8. An articular bearing performance detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Bearing seats are installed on both sides of the upper end of the fixing plate (9). A transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the bearing seat. One end of the transmission shaft is connected to the shaft end of the test shaft (51) through a universal coupling, and the other end of the transmission shaft is fixed to the end of the fourth driving link (55) away from the third driving link (54).

9. The performance detection device for a spherical plain bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure loading assembly (7) includes a mounting frame (72), guide rods (73), a bottom plate (74), a movable plate (75), and a spring (76). The mounting frame (72) is installed at the upper end of the bracket (6). The number of the guide rods (73) is two and they are both slidably sleeved on the mounting frame (72) and are vertically and parallelly distributed. The lower ends of the two guide rods (73) are fixedly connected through the bottom plate (74). The pressing part (71) is installed at the lower end of the bottom plate (74). The movable plate (75) is slidably sleeved on the two guide rods (73) and is driven by a lifting mechanism installed on the mounting frame (72). The spring (76) is sleeved on the guide rods (73) and is fixedly connected between the bottom plate (74) and the movable plate (75). The distance between the movable plate (75) and the bottom plate (74) is adjusted through the lifting mechanism to adjust the magnitude of the pressure exerted by the spring (76) on the bottom plate (74) and the pressing part (71).

10. The performance detection device for a spherical plain bearing according to claim 9, wherein, The pressing part (71) includes side plates and rollers. The number of side plates is two and they are oppositely installed at the bottom of the bottom plate (74). The rollers are rotatably installed between the two side plates. The number of rollers is two and they are symmetrically distributed. The axis of the rollers is parallel to the axis of the test shaft (51), and the two rollers respectively press on the upper sides of both sides of the test shaft (51).

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