A water-cooled pressure head for SPS sintering equipment

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the field of SPS sintering technology and provides a water-cooled head for SPS sintering equipment, comprising an SPS sintering furnace, a vacuum sintering box for sintering disposed within the SPS sintering furnace, a water-cooled head unit for sintering powdered materials disposed within the vacuum sintering box, and an upper water-cooled head assembly and a lower water-cooled head assembly disposed vertically. This device addresses the problems of an infrared thermometer being unable to directly measure the temperature of the powdered material within the sintering mold, and the problem of rapid temperature rise during sintering causing thermal shock to the infrared thermometer, affecting measurement accuracy. The device achieves the following advantages: an infrared thermometer is disposed within the water-cooled head to directly measure the temperature of the powdered material, the infrared thermometer is preheated to prevent thermal shock from affecting the infrared thermometer's accuracy, and a smoothing unit is provided to smooth the powdered material to prevent it from rising and affecting the surface flatness of the sintered body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of SPS sintering, and more particularly to a water-cooled pressing head of SPS sintering equipment. Background Art

[0002] SPS sintering (spark plasma sintering) equipment is a powder metallurgy sintering device that places metal, ceramic, and other powders into a mold, applies a specific sintering power source and pressing pressure to the sintering powder using upper and lower punches and powered electrodes, and completes the process through discharge activation, thermoplastic deformation, and cooling to produce high-performance materials.

[0003] Due to the unique sintering mechanism of SPS, the sintering temperature range of SPS sintering equipment is 200 to 500°C lower than conventional sintering. During the SPS sintering process, powder materials are stacked in the sintering mold cavity. Under the combined effects of axial pressure and pulsed current, the temperature rapidly rises to 1000-2500°C above the ambient temperature, producing a high-quality sintered body in just a few minutes. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately measure the temperature of the powder materials during the sintering process in SPS sintering equipment to ensure the quality of the finished sintered body.

[0004] Existing SPS sintering equipment typically measures temperature by inserting thermocouples into through-holes in the sidewalls of the sintering furnace, allowing real-time monitoring of the furnace temperature during the heating process. However, this temperature measurement method cannot directly measure the temperature of the powder material. There is always a temperature difference between the measured temperature and the actual temperature of the powder material, resulting in sintering temperature deviations that affect the quality of the finished sintered body.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to create a through-hole inside the water-cooled die to allow the infrared thermometer to directly measure the temperature of the powder material inside the mold cavity for more accurate temperature measurements. However, the SPS sintering process heats up very rapidly, and the sudden change in the infrared thermometer's operating environment causes thermal shock, which can lead to thermal imbalance between the hot and cold ends within the infrared sensor and generate a large amount of heat exchange. This in turn causes instability in the cold-end temperature measured by the NTC thermistor, ultimately affecting the accuracy of the infrared thermometer and increasing measurement errors. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-cooled head for SPS sintering equipment, in which an infrared thermometer is installed inside the water-cooled head to directly measure the temperature of the powder material, and the infrared thermometer is preheated before detection to avoid thermal shock affecting the accuracy of the infrared thermometer, and to avoid the powder material contacting the infrared thermometer and causing upwelling, which affects the surface flatness of the sintered body.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An SPS sintering device uses a water-cooled head, comprising an SPS sintering furnace, a vacuum sintering box for sintering is provided inside the SPS sintering furnace, a water-cooled head unit for sintering powder materials is provided inside the vacuum sintering box, the water-cooled head unit comprises an upper water-cooled head assembly and a lower water-cooled head assembly arranged in a vertical direction, a die punching unit for pressurizing the powder material is provided between the upper water-cooled head assembly and the lower water-cooled head assembly, and a die punching unit for pressurizing the powder material is provided at the center of the upper water-cooled head assembly. A temperature measuring through hole, wherein a temperature measuring unit capable of measuring the temperature of the powder material is installed inside the first temperature measuring through hole, the temperature measuring unit includes a temperature measuring sleeve inserted into the first temperature measuring through hole and an infrared thermometer installed inside the temperature measuring sleeve, the die punching unit includes a sintering die arranged in a vertical direction and an upper die punch assembly and a lower die punch assembly respectively inserted into the sintering die, a smoothing through hole is opened through the upper die punch assembly, and a smoothing unit capable of smoothing the powder material is arranged inside the smoothing through hole.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: the upper water-cooled pressure head assembly and the lower water-cooled pressure head assembly are configured as cylindrical structures with consistent shape and structure, and are symmetrically arranged about the horizontal direction; two groups of water-cooling through holes are opened inside the upper water-cooled pressure head assembly along the vertical direction; the two groups of water-cooling through holes are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the first temperature measuring through hole, and a water-cooling pipe is connected to the top thereof.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the temperature measuring sleeve is configured as a hollow cylindrical structure whose outer diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the first temperature measuring through hole, and is installed on the top of the upper water-cooled pressure head assembly; the inner wall of the temperature measuring sleeve is provided with two groups of electric heating wires along the vertical direction for preheating the infrared thermometer; the bottom of the first temperature measuring through hole is provided with an installation through hole along the circumferential direction, and a channel opening and closing assembly is inserted into the installation through hole.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, before sintering, the ambient temperature inside the first temperature measuring through hole is heated by the electric heating wire to gradually approach the temperature after sintering, thereby reducing the thermal shock to the infrared thermometer during the sintering process.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: the channel opening and closing assembly includes a rotating mounting part inserted into the mounting through hole and an assembly ring installed at the bottom of the rotating mounting part; the assembly ring is configured as a disc structure whose outer diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the first temperature measuring through hole, and is arranged in two groups along the vertical direction; the two groups of assembly rings are rotatably connected by an opening and closing connecting rod to form multiple groups of opening and closing plates.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, during the heating process of the electric heating wire, the internal environment of the first temperature measuring through hole can be sealed by closing the channel opening and closing component, so that the electric heating wire can increase the ambient temperature as quickly as possible.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: a sintering chamber for sintering powder materials is opened through the inside of the sintering mold, the upper punch assembly and the lower punch assembly are respectively configured as cylindrical structures with outer diameters adapted to the inner diameter of the sintering chamber, and a group of second temperature measuring through holes is opened through the center position of the upper punch assembly; the smoothing through holes are arranged in a vertical direction, and two groups are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the second temperature measuring through holes, and a group of smoothing units are arranged inside each group of the smoothing through holes.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: the second temperature measuring through hole is configured as a circular through hole with an inner diameter consistent with the inner diameter of the first temperature measuring through hole, and the positions of the second temperature measuring through hole and the first temperature measuring through hole correspond to each other in the vertical direction; a group of flow guides are installed at the top of the second temperature measuring through hole near one end of the first temperature measuring through hole.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: the guide member includes a guide mounting plate installed on the second temperature measuring through hole and several groups of guide paddles arranged around the guide mounting plate; wherein, a guide hole is opened through the center position of the guide mounting plate, and the guide paddles are installed at the end of the guide mounting plate away from the first temperature measuring through hole.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: the smoothing unit is provided with two groups along the vertical direction, and the smoothing unit includes a pressing part, a rotating part and a smoothing spring piece which are arranged in sequence from the top of the upper punch assembly to the bottom; the pressing part and the rotating part are both arranged as cylindrical structures whose outer diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the smoothing through hole, and the two groups of the smoothing spring pieces are arranged facing each other with respect to the axis position of the upper punch assembly, and the installation direction is toward the center position of the upper punch assembly.

[0018] The present invention is further configured as follows: a plurality of pressing ratchets are arranged around the bottom of the pressing member near one end of the rotating member, and a plurality of rotating ratchets are arranged around the top of the rotating member near one end of the pressing member, and the pressing ratchets and rotating ratchets are engaged with each other.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the pressing part moves downward, it can drive the rotating part to rotate by engaging the pressing ratchet and the rotating ratchet; the rotation of the rotating part can synchronously drive the smoothing spring to rotate within a range of 180°, thereby smoothing the powder material that flows up to the inside of the second temperature measuring through hole.

[0020] The present invention is further configured as follows: a matching screw is vertically arranged inside the pressing member and the rotating member, and a rebound compression spring is sleeved on the top of the matching screw near one end of the pressing member.

[0021] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] 1. A temperature measuring unit is installed at the center of the water-cooled pressure head unit. During the sintering process, the infrared thermometer measures the temperature from the temperature measuring channel formed between the first temperature measuring through hole and the second temperature measuring through hole, thereby realizing non-contact temperature measurement and improving measurement accuracy.

[0023] 2. An electric heating wire and a channel opening and closing assembly are arranged inside the first temperature measuring through hole. The electric heating wire is used to heat the sealed environment inside the first temperature measuring through hole to reduce the thermal shock to the infrared thermometer during the sintering process, thereby preventing the thermal shock from affecting the measurement speed and accuracy of the infrared thermometer.

[0024] 3. Set up a smoothing unit. When the water-cooled pressure head unit presses the upper punch assembly downward, it can simultaneously apply pressure to the pressing part, and then drive the rotating part to rotate through the engagement of the pressing ratchet and the rotating ratchet, and finally make the two sets of smoothing springs rotate back and forth at intervals to smooth the powder material that flows up to the inside of the second temperature measuring through hole, thereby ensuring the flatness of the sintered body surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the water-cooled pressure head of the SPS sintering equipment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stamping assembly in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stamping assembly and the water-cooled pressure head unit in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the water-cooled pressure head unit in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the water-cooled pressure head unit in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the upper water-cooling pressure head assembly in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the channel opening and closing component in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the die punching unit in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the flow guide member in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the leveling unit in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11 is the step temperature response curve of the thermocouple.

[0036] Description of reference numerals: 1, SPS sintering furnace; 11, sintering furnace shell; 12, furnace door; 13, vacuum sintering box; 131, stamping assembly; 1311, upper stamping part; 1312, lower stamping part;

[0037] 2. Water-cooled ram unit; 21. Upper water-cooled ram assembly; 211. Upper ram; 212. Upper electrode gasket; 213. Water-cooling through-hole; 214. Water-cooling pipe; 215. First temperature measurement through-hole; 216. Mounting through-hole; 22. Lower water-cooled ram assembly; 221. Lower ram; 222. Lower electrode gasket;

[0038] 3. Temperature measuring unit; 31. Temperature measuring sleeve; 311. Electric heating wire; 312. Infrared thermometer; 32. Channel opening and closing assembly; 321. Rotating mounting member; 322. Assembly ring; 323. Opening and closing piece; 324. Opening and closing connecting rod;

[0039] 4. Die punch unit; 41. Sintering die; 411. Sintering chamber; 42. Upper die punch assembly; 421. Second temperature measuring through hole; 422. Smoothing through hole; 423. Flow guide; 4231. Flow guide mounting plate; 4232. Flow guide hole; 4233. Flow guide paddle; 43. Lower die punch assembly;

[0040] 5. Smoothing unit; 51. Smoothing spring; 52. Pressing part; 521. Pressing ratchet; 53. Rotating part; 531. Rotating ratchet; 54. Matching screw; 55. Rebound compression spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0042] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by ordinary technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0043] See also Figure 1-11 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0044] For example 1, please refer to Figure 1-11 , including an SPS sintering furnace 1, a water-cooled pressure head unit 2, a temperature measuring unit 3 and a punching unit 4. The SPS sintering furnace 1 is equipped with a water-cooled pressure head unit 2. The water-cooled pressure head unit 2 is equipped with a temperature measuring unit 3 for measuring the temperature of the powder material and a punching unit 4 for pressurizing the powder material.

[0045] See also Figure 1-3The SPS sintering furnace 1 includes a sintering furnace shell 11, a furnace door 12, a vacuum sintering box 13, a stamping assembly 131, an upper stamping part 1311 and a lower stamping part 1312. The sintering furnace shell 11 is configured as a rectangular frame structure. The side wall of the sintering furnace shell 11 is provided with a furnace door 12 that can be opened and closed. A vacuum sintering box 13 for sintering is provided inside the sintering furnace shell 11, and the positions of the furnace door 12 and the vacuum sintering box 13 correspond to each other. An upper stamping part 1311 is provided in the vertical direction at the top of the vacuum sintering box 13, and a lower stamping part 1312 is provided in the vertical direction at the bottom of the vacuum sintering box 13. A water-cooled pressure head unit 2 for sintering powder materials is provided inside the vacuum sintering box 13. The upper punch 1311 and the lower punch 1312 are respectively connected to the water-cooled head unit 2. When the upper punch 1311 and the lower punch 1312 move in the vertical direction, pressure can be applied to the water-cooled head unit 2, so that the water-cooled head unit 2 can complete the pressurization of the powder material.

[0046] See also Figure 3-6 The water-cooled head unit 2 includes an upper water-cooled head assembly 21, an upper head 211, an upper electrode gasket 212, a water-cooling through-hole 213, a water-cooling pipe 214, a first temperature measuring through-hole 215, a mounting through-hole 216, a lower water-cooled head assembly 22, a lower head 221, and a lower electrode gasket 222. The upper water-cooled head assembly 21 and the lower water-cooled head assembly 22 are arranged in a vertical direction, and a die punching unit 4 for pressurizing the powder material is arranged between the upper water-cooled head assembly 21 and the lower water-cooled head assembly 22. The upper water-cooled head assembly 21 and the lower water-cooled head assembly 22 are arranged as cylindrical structures with the same shape and structure, and are symmetrically arranged about the horizontal direction. The upper water-cooled head assembly 21 includes an upper head 211 configured as a cylindrical structure and an upper electrode gasket 212 installed at the bottom of the upper head 211. The lower water-cooled head assembly 22 includes a lower head 221 configured as a cylindrical structure and a lower electrode gasket 222 installed at the top of the lower head 221. The diameters of the upper electrode gasket 212 and the lower electrode gasket 222 are the same and both are larger than the diameters of the upper head 211 and the lower head 221. During the sintering process, when the upper electrode gasket 212 and the lower electrode gasket 222 are energized, a pulse current can be generated, thereby using the pulse current to sinter the powder material. When the upper punch 1311 and the lower punch 1312 approach each other in the vertical direction, pressure can be applied to the upper water-cooled head assembly 21 and the lower water-cooled head assembly 22 to bring the two closer to each other, thereby pressurizing the die punching unit 4 of the upper water-cooled head assembly 21 and the lower water-cooled head assembly 22, and finally completing the pressurization of the powder material. During the pressurization process, the upper water-cooled pressure head assembly 21 and the lower water-cooled pressure head assembly 22 can further sinter the powder material using the pulse current generated by power-on, and finally complete the SPS sintering of the powder material.

[0047] See also Figure 3-6A first temperature measuring hole 215 is provided through the center of the upper water-cooled head assembly 21. A temperature measuring unit 3 capable of measuring the temperature of the powder material is installed inside the first temperature measuring hole 215. By providing the first temperature measuring hole 215, the temperature measuring unit 3 can measure the temperature from the center of the water-cooled head unit 2, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. Two groups of water-cooling holes 213 are provided vertically inside the upper water-cooled head assembly 21. The two groups of water-cooling holes 213 are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the first temperature measuring hole 215, and are connected to a water-cooling pipe 214 at the top. Cold water can enter the water-cooling holes 213 through the water-cooling pipe 214 and circulate inside, thereby ensuring that the water-cooled head unit 2 can complete cooling normally.

[0048] See also Figure 4-7 The temperature measuring unit 3 includes a temperature measuring sleeve 31, an electric heating wire 311, an infrared thermometer 312, a channel opening and closing assembly 32, a rotating mounting part 321, an assembly ring 322, an opening and closing piece 323 and an opening and closing connecting rod 324. The temperature measuring sleeve 31 is configured as a hollow cylindrical structure whose outer diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the first temperature measuring through hole 215, and is inserted into the first temperature measuring through hole 215. The temperature measuring sleeve 31 is installed on the top of the upper water-cooled pressure head assembly 21, and an infrared thermometer 312 for measuring the temperature of the powder material is installed inside. The infrared thermometer 312 is arranged in the vertical direction and corresponds to the position of the powder material inside the punching unit 4, and can perform contactless temperature measurement of the powder material from the center position of the water-cooled pressure head unit 2.

[0049] It's important to note that rapid heating or cooling of an object results in a significant amount of heat exchange within a short period of time. This dramatic temperature change can cause thermal stress in the material, a phenomenon known as thermal shock. When infrared thermometer 312 measures from a low-temperature environment to a high-temperature environment, the sudden change in ambient temperature can cause thermal imbalance between the hot and cold ends within the infrared sensor, leading to significant heat exchange. This can lead to instability in the cold-end temperature measured by the NTC thermistor in infrared thermometer 312, ultimately affecting the accuracy of infrared thermometer 312 and increasing measurement errors.

[0050] After a long period of heat exchange, the internal ambient temperature of the infrared sensor installed in the infrared thermometer 312 will reach thermal equilibrium with the external ambient temperature or a state of very low heat exchange. At this time, the measurement error caused by the fluctuation of the internal ambient temperature of the infrared sensor measured by the NTC thermistor can be ignored. Because the thermopile inside the infrared sensor is composed of multiple thermocouples, the effect of thermal shock on the thermopile can be analyzed by the step temperature response of the thermocouples. The mathematical description is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] In the above formula:

[0053] is the indicated temperature of the thermocouple;

[0054] is the initial temperature of the hot contact point (same as the cold end temperature when not working);

[0055] is the step temperature (hot end temperature);

[0056] is the time constant of the thermocouple.

[0057] when When , the above formula is:

[0058]

[0059] It refers to the measured temperature and the initial temperature of the thermocouple The difference reaches the temperature step 63.2% of the time required. Because the time constant It is different for different thermocouples, so the response speed between different thermocouples is also different.

[0060] Typically, the step temperature response curve of a thermocouple is as follows: Figure 11 shown.

[0061] Since a thermopile is composed of multiple thermocouples, the thermal shock response characteristics of an infrared sensor based on a thermopile are similar to the step temperature response of a thermocouple. Figure 11 It can be seen that if the initial temperature of the hot contact point of the thermopile in the infrared sensor is Far below target temperature (step temperature), the response time of the thermopile will be longer, which means that the infrared thermometer 312 will take longer to accurately measure the temperature.

[0062] Based on the above analysis, in order to solve the thermal shock effect of infrared thermometer 312 when measuring sintering temperature in low temperature environment, you can choose to use the preheating solution to increase the initial temperature of the infrared sensor to Rapidly increase to ambient temperature, shortening the temperature step , the response time of the thermopile can be reduced, thereby effectively avoiding the influence of thermal shock on the temperature measured by the infrared sensor and correspondingly improving the speed and accuracy of temperature measurement.

[0063] See also Figure 4-7Two sets of electric heating wires 311 are vertically arranged on the inner wall of the temperature measuring sleeve 31 to preheat the infrared thermometer 312. Before sintering, the electric heating wires 311 can be used to heat the ambient temperature inside the first temperature measuring through hole 215, gradually bringing it closer to the post-sintering temperature. This reduces the thermal shock to the infrared thermometer 312 during the sintering process, preventing the thermal shock from affecting the speed and accuracy of the infrared thermometer 312's measurement. Furthermore, while the electric heating wires 311 are heating the ambient temperature, the size of the ambient space in which the infrared thermometer 312 is located should be minimized, allowing the electric heating wires 311 to raise the ambient temperature as quickly as possible.

[0064] See also Figure 4-7 A mounting through-hole 216 is provided at the bottom of the first temperature measuring through-hole 215 in the circumferential direction, and a channel opening and closing assembly 32 is inserted into the mounting through-hole 216. The channel opening and closing assembly 32 is connected to the first temperature measuring through-hole 215 through the mounting through-hole 216. The channel opening and closing assembly 32 includes a rotating mounting part 321 inserted into the mounting through-hole 216 and an assembly ring 322 installed at the bottom of the rotating mounting part 321. The rotating mounting part 321 is provided in two groups, and the bottom is connected to the two ends of the assembly ring 322 respectively. The tops of the two groups of rotating mounting parts 321 are inserted into the mounting through-hole 216 to realize the connection of the channel opening and closing assembly 32. The assembly ring 322 is provided as a disc structure whose outer diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the first temperature measuring through-hole 215, and is provided in two groups along the vertical direction. A plurality of opening and closing connecting rods 324 are arranged around the two sets of assembly rings 322. One end of the opening and closing connecting rod 324 is rotatably connected to the assembly ring 322, and the other end is rotatably connected to the opening and closing piece 323. During the rotation of the opening and closing piece 323, the opening and closing relative to the assembly ring 322 can be achieved through the opening and closing connecting rod 324.

[0065] See also Figure 4-5 and Figure 8-9 The die punching unit 4 includes a sintering die 41, a sintering chamber 411, an upper die punch assembly 42, a second temperature measuring through hole 421, a smoothing through hole 422, a guide member 423, a guide mounting plate 4231, a guide flow hole 4232, a guide paddle 4233 and a lower die punch assembly 43. The sintering die 41 is configured to be a cylindrical structure with the same shape as the water-cooled pressure head unit 2 and is arranged in the vertical direction. A sintering chamber 411 for sintering powder material is provided inside the sintering die 41, and the upper die punch assembly 42 and the lower die punch assembly 43 are respectively inserted into the inside of the sintering die 41. The upper die punch assembly 42 and the lower die punch assembly 43 are respectively configured to be cylindrical structures with an outer diameter adapted to the inner diameter of the sintering chamber 411. The upper die punch assembly 42 and the lower die punch assembly 43 can pressurize the powder material inside the sintering chamber 411 during movement.

[0066] See also Figure 4-5 and Figure 8-9A second temperature-measuring through-hole 421 is formed through the center of the upper punch assembly 42. The second temperature-measuring through-hole 421 is a circular through-hole with an inner diameter that matches the inner diameter of the first temperature-measuring through-hole 215. The second temperature-measuring through-hole 421 and the first temperature-measuring through-hole 215 are positioned vertically corresponding to each other. A temperature-measuring channel is formed between the first temperature-measuring through-hole 215 and the second temperature-measuring through-hole 421, facilitating the infrared thermometer 312 inside the first temperature-measuring through-hole 215 to measure the temperature directly from the center of the water-cooled pressure head unit 2. A set of flow guides 423 is installed at the top of the second temperature-measuring through-hole 421, near one end of the first temperature-measuring through-hole 215. The flow guides 423 include a flow guide mounting plate 4231 mounted on the second temperature-measuring through-hole 421 and a plurality of flow guide paddles 4233 disposed around the flow guide mounting plate 4231. A diversion hole 4232 is formed at the center of the diversion mounting plate 4231, and a diversion paddle 4233 is installed at the end of the diversion mounting plate 4231 away from the first temperature measuring hole 215. Gas inside the sintering chamber 411 can be discharged through the diversion hole 4232, and the diversion paddle 4233 can guide the gas during the discharge process.

[0067] Specifically, before sintering, the channel opening and closing assembly 32 remains closed to keep the internal environment of the first temperature measuring through hole 215 sealed, and then the electric heating wire 311 is used to heat the ambient temperature inside the first temperature measuring through hole 215 to gradually approach the temperature after sintering.

[0068] After the temperature inside the first temperature measuring through hole 215 is raised, sintering can be performed. During the sintering process, the infrared thermometer 312 plugged into the first temperature measuring through hole 215 can measure the temperature from the center of the water-cooled pressure head unit 2 to improve detection accuracy.

[0069] Before measuring the temperature, the channel opening and closing component 32 is opened to form a channel for temperature measurement between the first temperature measuring through hole 215 and the second temperature measuring through hole 421 , and then the infrared thermometer 312 completes the temperature detection.

[0070] For example 2, please refer to Figure 8-10 The second embodiment is improved upon the first embodiment by providing a second temperature measurement hole 421 between the first temperature measurement hole 215 and the second temperature measurement hole 421 to form a temperature measurement channel. However, this also causes the powder material inside the sintering chamber 411 to be compressed and to rise in the direction of the second temperature measurement hole 421, ultimately reducing the surface smoothness of the sintered body. Therefore, a smoothing unit 5 is required to smooth the powder material during the sintering process to ensure that the surface smoothness of the powder material is not affected during the sintering process.

[0071] See also Figure 8-10A smoothing through-hole 422 is provided inside the upper punch assembly 42. The smoothing through-hole 422 is arranged in the vertical direction and is symmetrically arranged in two groups about the axis of the second temperature measuring through-hole 421. A set of smoothing units 5 is provided inside each set of smoothing through-holes 422. The smoothing unit 5 includes a smoothing spring 51, a pressing member 52, a pressing ratchet 521, a rotating member 53, a rotating ratchet 531, a matching screw 54 and a rebound compression spring 55. The pressing member 52, the rotating member 53 and the smoothing spring 51 are arranged in sequence from the top of the upper punch assembly 42 to the bottom, and the height of the pressing member 52 is higher than the height of the top of the upper punch assembly 42. The pressing member 52 and the rotating member 53 are both arranged as cylindrical structures with an outer diameter that matches the inner diameter of the smoothing through-hole 422, and a through-hole is provided inside. The bottom of the pressing member 52 is surrounded by multiple sets of pressing ratchets 521 near one end of the rotating member 53, and the top of the rotating member 53 is surrounded by multiple sets of rotating ratchets 531 near one end of the pressing member 52. The pressing ratchets 521 and the rotating ratchets 531 are meshed with each other. A mating screw 54 is vertically arranged inside the pressing member 52 and the rotating member 53. A rebound spring 55 is sleeved on the top of the mating screw 54 near one end of the pressing member 52. When the water-cooled pressure head unit 2 presses the upper die punch assembly 42 downward, it can simultaneously press the pressing member 52 to move the pressing member 52 downward along the direction of the smoothing through hole 422. During the movement of the pressing member 52, the meshing of the multiple sets of pressing ratchets 521 and the rotating ratchets 531 can drive the rotating member 53 at its bottom to rotate. During the rotation of the rotating member 53 , the mating screw 54 can rotate synchronously, thereby applying pressure to the rebound compression spring 55 , and finally enabling the pressing member 52 and the rotating member 53 to repeatedly press and rotate.

[0072] See also Figure 8-10 The two sets of smoothing springs 51 are mounted on the bottom of the rotating member 53. The two sets of smoothing springs 51 are positioned opposite each other about the axis of the upper punch assembly 42, and are mounted toward the center of the upper punch assembly 42. The rotation of the rotating member 53 synchronously drives the smoothing springs 51 to rotate within a range of 180°. The two sets of smoothing springs 51 rotate back and forth at intervals, smoothing the powder material that flows into the second temperature measurement through-hole 421, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the sintered body surface.

[0073] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An SPS sintering equipment with a water-cooled head, characterized by: The invention comprises an SPS sintering furnace (1), wherein a vacuum sintering box (13) for sintering is provided inside the SPS sintering furnace (1), a water-cooled pressure head unit (2) for sintering powder material is provided inside the vacuum sintering box (13), the water-cooled pressure head unit (2) for sintering powder material comprises an upper water-cooled pressure head assembly (21) and a lower water-cooled pressure head assembly (22) arranged in a vertical direction, a die punching unit (4) for pressurizing powder material is provided between the upper water-cooled pressure head assembly (21) and the lower water-cooled pressure head assembly (22), a first temperature measuring through hole (215) is provided through the center of the upper water-cooled pressure head assembly (21), and a temperature measuring unit (3) for measuring the temperature of the powder material is installed inside the first temperature measuring through hole (215), The temperature measuring unit (3) includes a temperature measuring sleeve (31) inserted into the first temperature measuring through hole (215) and an infrared thermometer (312) installed in the temperature measuring sleeve (31); the die punching unit (4) includes a sintering die (41) arranged in a vertical direction and an upper die punching assembly (42) and a lower die punching assembly (43) respectively inserted into the sintering die (41); a smoothing through hole (422) is provided in the upper die punching assembly (42); a smoothing unit (5) for smoothing powder material is provided in the smoothing through hole (422); The upper water-cooled pressure head assembly (21) and the lower water-cooled pressure head assembly (22) are configured as cylindrical structures having the same shape and structure and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the horizontal direction. Two groups of water-cooled through holes (213) are provided in the upper water-cooled pressure head assembly (21) along the vertical direction. The two groups of water-cooled through holes (213) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the first temperature measuring through hole (215), and the tops of the water-cooled through holes (213) are connected to a water-cooling pipe (214). The temperature measuring sleeve (31) is configured as a hollow cylindrical structure with an outer diameter adapted to the inner diameter of the first temperature measuring through hole (215), and is mounted on the top of the upper water-cooled pressure head assembly (21). Two groups of electric heating wires (311) capable of preheating the infrared thermometer (312) are provided on the inner wall of the temperature measuring sleeve (31) in a vertical direction. A mounting through hole (216) is provided at the bottom of the first temperature measuring through hole (215) along the circumferential direction, and a channel opening and closing component (32) is inserted into the mounting through hole (216); The channel opening and closing assembly (32) includes a rotating mounting member (321) inserted into the mounting through hole (216) and an assembly ring (322) mounted at the bottom of the rotating mounting member (321), wherein the assembly ring (322) is configured as a disc structure having an outer diameter adapted to the inner diameter of the first temperature measuring through hole (215), and is arranged in two groups along the vertical direction; There are multiple groups of opening and closing plates (323) rotatably connected between the two groups of assembly rings (322) via an opening and closing connecting rod (324); A sintering chamber (411) for sintering powder material is provided inside the sintering mold (41), the upper punch assembly (42) and the lower punch assembly (43) are respectively configured as cylindrical structures with outer diameters adapted to the inner diameter of the sintering chamber (411), and a group of second temperature measuring through holes (421) is provided at the center of the upper punch assembly (42); The smoothing through holes (422) are arranged in a vertical direction and are symmetrically arranged in two groups about the axis of the second temperature measuring through hole (421), and a group of smoothing units (5) is arranged inside each group of the smoothing through holes (422); The smoothing unit (5) is provided with two groups along the vertical direction, and the smoothing unit (5) comprises a pressing member (52), a rotating member (53) and a smoothing spring (51) which are sequentially provided from the top of the upper punch assembly (42) downwards; The pressing member (52) and the rotating member (53) are both configured as cylindrical structures with outer diameters matching the inner diameters of the smoothing through holes (422). The two groups of smoothing springs (51) are disposed opposite to each other with respect to the axis of the upper punch assembly (42), and the installation direction is toward the center of the upper punch assembly (42).

2. The SPS sintering equipment according to claim 1, wherein the water-cooled head is characterized in that: The second temperature measuring through hole (421) is configured as a circular through hole having an inner diameter consistent with the inner diameter of the first temperature measuring through hole (215), and the second temperature measuring through hole (421) and the first temperature measuring through hole (215) are positioned corresponding to each other in the vertical direction; A group of flow guides (423) is installed at one end of the top of the second temperature measuring through hole (421) close to the first temperature measuring through hole (215).

3. The SPS sintering equipment according to claim 2, wherein the water-cooled head is characterized in that: The flow guide member (423) comprises a flow guide mounting plate (4231) mounted on the second temperature measuring through hole (421) and a plurality of groups of flow guide paddles (4233) arranged around the flow guide mounting plate (4231); A diversion hole (4232) is provided through the center of the diversion mounting plate (4231), and the diversion paddle (4233) is installed at an end of the diversion mounting plate (4231) away from the first temperature measurement through hole (215).

4. The SPS sintering equipment according to claim 1, wherein the water-cooled head is characterized in that: A plurality of pressing ratchets (521) are arranged around the bottom of the pressing member (52) near one end of the rotating member (53), and a plurality of rotating ratchets (531) are arranged around the top of the rotating member (53) near one end of the pressing member (52). The pressing ratchets (521) and the rotating ratchets (531) are meshed with each other.

5. The SPS sintering equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A matching screw (54) is provided inside the pressing member (52) and the rotating member (53) in the vertical direction, and a rebound compression spring (55) is sleeved on the top of the matching screw (54) near one end of the pressing member (52).

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