Regenerative burner for melting aluminum

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of aluminum smelting, and particularly relates to a regenerative burner for aluminum smelting, which comprises a regenerative chamber and a burner connected to the bottom side of the regenerative chamber, at least two layers of partitions are arranged in the regenerative chamber in the vertical direction, and the partitions are provided with regenerative balls; a gas inlet and outlet are arranged above the regenerative chamber; a plurality of stirring mechanisms are arranged in the regenerative chamber in the vertical direction, the number of the stirring mechanisms is the same as that of the partitions, and the stirring mechanisms are arranged above each layer of the partitions. The regenerative balls are arranged in layers by the partitions, the regenerative balls are filled in the regenerative chamber at different heights in a loose stacking mode and are fixed by the bottom partitions, the layered structure can avoid excessive accumulation of the regenerative balls, further improve the heat exchange efficiency, and increase the maintenance convenience; the replacement cycle of the regenerative balls can be prolonged, and the dust can be removed without disassembling the regenerative chamber, so that the thermal efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aluminum smelting technology, and in particular relates to a regenerative burner for aluminum smelting. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, regenerative burners are widely used in the aluminum smelting industry. The regenerative spheres in a regenerative burner can accumulate heat from the flue gas and transfer it to the combustion air, acting as a heat exchanger and resulting in significant energy savings. However, the application of regenerative burners in the aluminum smelting industry has the following two main drawbacks.

[0003] 1. In the aluminum smelting industry, especially for recycled aluminum, the smelting materials used are mostly recycled waste aluminum. The flue gas produced during combustion contains a large amount of dust and impurities, and the composition is complex. The large amount of dust and impurities in the flue gas produced during combustion will accumulate on the heat storage spheres, shortening the replacement cycle of the heat storage spheres. 2. Currently, most regenerative burners in China cannot achieve online ash removal of the regenerative spheres. In regenerative combustion systems, after long-term operation, the thermal efficiency of the regenerative spheres decreases due to ash accumulation, slag formation, or particulate matter adhesion, making it impossible to remove ash without disassembling the regenerative chamber. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a regenerative burner for aluminum smelting.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A regenerative burner for aluminum smelting includes a regenerative chamber and a burner connected to the bottom of the regenerative chamber. At least two layers of grids are arranged vertically inside the regenerative chamber, and regenerative balls are installed on the grids. A gas inlet and outlet are provided above the regenerative chamber. Several stirring mechanisms are arranged vertically inside the regenerative chamber, the number of stirring mechanisms being the same as the number of grids, and the stirring mechanisms are arranged above each layer of grids.

[0006] Optionally, the heat storage chamber includes an upper heat storage chamber and a lower heat storage chamber that are detachably connected. The bottom side of the lower heat storage chamber is bent and has a connecting part, and the burner is connected to the connecting part. The bottom sides of the upper heat storage chamber and the lower heat storage chamber are respectively provided with a layer of grid.

[0007] Optionally, a detachable ash discharge chamber is provided on one side of the lower heat storage chamber. The ash discharge chamber is located on the bottom side of the grid. A telescopic mechanism is provided on the outer side of the ash discharge chamber. A slidable ash receiving plate is provided on the inner wall of the ash discharge chamber. The telescopic mechanism is connected to the ash receiving plate and is used to drive the ash receiving plate to extend into the lower heat storage chamber to receive dust.

[0008] Optionally, a ball unloading port is provided on one side of the lower heat storage chamber. The ball unloading port is located on the upper side of the grid inside the lower heat storage chamber. A first flange is provided on the outer side of the ball unloading port, and a first cover is detachably provided on the first flange.

[0009] Optionally, a second flange is provided at the upper end of the lower heat storage chamber, and a third flange is provided at the lower end of the upper heat storage chamber. The second flange and the third flange are connected as a whole by a mounting block. An annular baffle is provided on the inner wall of the mounting block, and the grid is provided on the inner wall of the mounting block. The bottom side of the grid is supported on the baffle.

[0010] Optionally, a second cover is detachably connected to the grid inside the mounting block.

[0011] Optionally, an ash discharge port is provided on the bottom side of the lower heat storage chamber, a fourth flange is provided on the outside of the ash discharge port, and a fifth flange is provided on one side of the ash discharge chamber. The fifth flange and the fourth flange are detachably connected.

[0012] Optionally, the connecting part has a first airflow channel with a gradually decreasing opening inside, and the cross-section of the first airflow channel is rectangular; the burner has a second airflow channel and a third airflow channel that are interconnected inside, the second airflow channel has a gradually increasing opening towards the third airflow channel, the cross-section of the second airflow channel is rectangular, the second airflow channel is connected to the first airflow channel, and the third airflow channel is a conical channel with a gradually increasing opening.

[0013] Optionally, a fourth airflow channel and a fifth airflow channel are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the third airflow channel. The cross-section of the fourth airflow channel is rectangular. The opening of the fourth airflow channel gradually decreases towards the second airflow channel and connects with the second airflow channel. The opening of the fourth airflow channel gradually increases towards the fifth airflow channel and connects with the fifth airflow channel. The end of the fifth airflow channel is smoothly connected to the third airflow channel.

[0014] Optionally, the burner has two mounting tubes evenly distributed around its circumference at an angle. Each mounting tube has a mounting hole, the end of which is connected to a third airflow channel. The mounting holes are offset from the fifth airflow channel. A fuel gun and an ignition gun are respectively installed in the mounting holes.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: This invention discloses a regenerative burner for aluminum smelting. At least two layers of grids are vertically arranged within the regenerative chamber, and regenerative balls are mounted on the grids. Several stirring mechanisms are also vertically arranged within the regenerative chamber, positioned above each layer of grids. This structure utilizes grids to achieve layered arrangement of the regenerative balls, which are loosely packed and filled into regenerative chambers at different heights, secured by a bottom grid. This layered structure avoids excessive accumulation of regenerative balls, further improving heat exchange efficiency and increasing maintenance convenience. For example, smaller diameter regenerative balls can be placed in the upper layers, and larger diameter regenerative balls in the lower layers. The stirring mechanisms can agitate and clean the regenerative balls at different heights. This arrangement is simple and reliable. The stirring mechanisms disturb the regenerative ball bed, causing ash to fall off and be discharged from the bottom ash outlet. This extends the replacement cycle of the regenerative balls, achieving ash cleaning without disassembling the regenerative chamber, thus improving thermal efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is one of the structural diagrams of the regenerative burner for aluminum smelting in this invention; Figure 2 This is the second structural diagram of the regenerative burner for aluminum smelting in this invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Front view; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The left view; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 6 This is one of the structural diagrams of the heat storage chamber in this invention; Figure 7 This is the second structural diagram of the heat storage chamber in this invention; Figure 8 This is one of the structural diagrams of the burner in this invention; Figure 9 This is the second structural diagram of the burner in this invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Front view; Figure 11 for Figure 9 Rear view; Figure 12 for Figure 10 A cross-sectional view along the BB direction; Figure 13 for Figure 10 A cross-sectional view along the CC direction; Figure 14 for Figure 10 An isometric side sectional view along the CC direction; Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of the dust removal chamber in this invention; Figure 16 This is a structural diagram of the stirring mechanism in this invention.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1-Lower regenerator, 11-Connecting part, 12-First airflow channel, 13-Sixth flange, 14-Second flange, 15-Shaft hole, 16-Ball unloading port, 17-First flange, 18-Ash unloading port, 19-Fourth flange, 191-First stiffener, 2-Burn, 21-Mounting pipe, 211-Mounting hole, 212-Fuel gun, 213-Ignition gun, 22-Seventh flange, 23-Second airflow channel, 24-Fourth airflow channel, 25-Fifth airflow channel, 26-Third airflow channel, 3-Upper regenerator, 31- Third flange, 32-Gas inlet / outlet, 33-Mounting block, 331-Baffle, 4-Bearing seat, 41-Agitator shaft, 411-Gas hole, 42-Shaft body, 43-Agitator rod, 431-Injection hole, 5-Ash discharge chamber, 51-Third cover, 52-Fifth flange, 53-Extension plate, 54-Second stiffener, 6-Cylinder, 61-Cylinder seat, 62-Piston rod, 63-Ash receiving plate, 7-Motor, 71-Reduction gearbox, 72-Connecting seat, 73-Pulley, 74-Conveyor belt, 8-First cover, 9-Grate, 10-Second cover. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0020] Example like Figures 1-5 As shown, a regenerative burner for aluminum smelting includes a regenerator chamber and a burner 2 connected to the bottom of the regenerator chamber. At least two layers of grids 9 are vertically arranged inside the regenerator chamber, and regenerator balls are installed on the grids 9, filling different height layers of the regenerator chamber with the regenerator balls. A gas inlet / outlet 32 ​​is provided at the top of the regenerator chamber for introducing combustion air and exhausting flue gas. Several stirring mechanisms are vertically arranged inside the regenerator chamber, the number of which is the same as the number of grids 9. The stirring mechanisms are located above each layer of grids 9 and are used to stir, agitate, and clean the regenerator balls on different layers.

[0021] This structure utilizes a grid 9 to achieve layered arrangement of heat storage spheres. The heat storage spheres are loosely packed and filled into heat storage chambers at different heights, secured by a bottom grid. This layered structure prevents excessive compaction of the heat storage spheres, ensuring a loose distribution and further improving heat exchange efficiency while increasing maintenance convenience. For example, placing smaller diameter heat storage spheres at higher levels and larger diameter spheres at lower levels facilitates sphere replacement and allows dust from different levels to fall to the bottom for discharge during cleaning. The stirring mechanism in this structure can agitate and clean the heat storage spheres at different heights. This arrangement is simple and reliable; the stirring mechanism disturbs the heat storage sphere bed, causing ash to fall off and be discharged from the bottom ash outlet. This extends the replacement cycle of the heat storage spheres and allows cleaning without disassembling the heat storage chamber, improving thermal efficiency.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the heat storage chamber further includes an upper heat storage chamber 3 and a lower heat storage chamber 1 that are detachably connected. A connecting part 11 is bent at the bottom side of the lower heat storage chamber 1, and the burner 2 is connected to the connecting part 11. Specifically, a seventh flange 22 is provided on one side of the burner 2, and a sixth flange 13 is provided at the end of the connecting part 11. The seventh flange 22 and the sixth flange 13 are detachably connected by mating. A layer of grating 9 is provided on the bottom side of both the upper heat storage chamber 3 and the lower heat storage chamber 1, filling the upper and lower layers of heat storage balls.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 7 , Figure 15 As shown, furthermore, a detachable ash discharge chamber 5 is provided on one side of the lower heat storage chamber 1. The ash discharge chamber 5 is located on the bottom side of the bottommost grid 9. A telescopic mechanism, using a cylinder 6, is provided on the outer side of the ash discharge chamber 5. A slidable ash receiving plate 63 is provided on the inner wall of the ash discharge chamber 5. The piston rod 62 of the cylinder 6 is connected to the ash receiving plate 63. One end of the cylinder 6 has a cylinder seat 61, which is used to fix it to the outside of the ash discharge chamber 5. The cylinder 6 is used to drive the ash receiving plate 63 to extend into the lower heat storage chamber 1 to collect dust. The ash receiving plate 63 is U-shaped. Figure 5 As shown, at this time, the ash receiving plate 63 is stored in the ash discharge chamber 5, and the heat storage chamber can work normally, using the heat storage balls for heat storage or combustion assistance. When ash removal is required, the cylinder 6 extends, controlling the ash receiving plate 63 to extend into the lower heat storage chamber 1 to collect ash, and then the stirring mechanism is activated to agitate the upper heat storage balls. This structure can recover ash during ash removal, preventing ash from falling into the bent connection part 11, which could cause blockage of the gas passage, affecting subsequent combustion assistance and the combustion efficiency of the smelting furnace.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 7 , Figure 16As shown, in this invention, the stirring mechanism includes a motor 7, a stirring shaft 41, stirring rods 43, etc. Shaft holes 15 are respectively provided on both sides of the upper heat storage chamber 3 and the lower heat storage chamber 1. The stirring shaft 41 passes through the shaft holes 15. Bearing seats 4 are respectively provided on both sides of the shaft holes 15 of the upper heat storage chamber 3 and the lower heat storage chamber 1. The stirring shaft 41 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bearing seat 4. A shaft body 42 is provided in the middle of the stirring shaft 41, and several stirring rods 43 are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the shaft body 42. The motor 7 is located on the outer side of the lower heat storage chamber 1 and is connected to a reduction gearbox 71. A connecting seat 72 is provided on one side of the reduction gearbox 71 and is fitted onto the outer side of the bearing seat 4. The connecting seat 72 is fixed to the outer wall of the lower heat storage chamber 1. The output shaft of the reduction gearbox 71 is connected to the stirring shaft 41 for transmission. A pulley 73 is provided at the end of the stirring shaft 41 on the other side, and the two pulleys 73 are connected for transmission via a conveyor belt 74. When the motor 7 starts, it can control the rotation of the upper and lower stirring shafts 41, driving the stirring rod 43 to rotate and disturb the dust.

[0025] Furthermore, the stirring shaft 41 and the shaft body 42 are provided with air holes 411 inside, and the stirring rod 43 is provided with a spray hole 431 that communicates with the air holes 411 inside. The air holes 411 of the stirring shaft 41 are connected to an external air supply device. When the stirring rod 43 rotates, high-pressure gas is sprayed synchronously from the stirring position to agitate and disturb the surrounding heat storage balls, thereby achieving efficient dust removal.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 7 , Figure 15 As shown, a ball unloading port 16 is provided on one side of the lower heat storage chamber 1. The ball unloading port 16 is located on the upper side of the grid 9 inside the lower heat storage chamber 1. A first flange 17 is provided on the outer side of the ball unloading port 16, and a first cover 8 is detachably provided on the first flange 17. When replacing the heat storage balls later, the first cover 8 can be removed.

[0027] Furthermore, a second flange 14 is provided at the upper end of the lower heat storage chamber 1, and a third flange 31 is provided at the lower end of the upper heat storage chamber 3. The second flange 14 and the third flange 31 are connected as a whole by a mounting block 33. An annular baffle 331 is provided on the inner wall of the mounting block 33, and the grid 9 is installed on the inner wall of the mounting block 33. The bottom side of the grid 9 is supported on the baffle 331. The mounting block 33 is used to install the upper grid 9 and the upper heat storage balls.

[0028] Furthermore, a second cover 10 is detachably connected to the grid 9 inside the mounting block 33. This structure eliminates the need for an opening in the upper heat storage chamber 3. When replacing the upper heat storage balls, simply open the first cover 8 on the bottom side, remove the bottom heat storage ball, and then remove the second cover 10 to transfer the upper heat storage ball to the bottom layer and remove it from the unloading port 16. When installing heat storage balls, they are placed into the upper heat storage chamber 3 through the gas inlet / outlet 32.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 7 , Figure 15 As shown, a ash discharge port 18 is provided on the bottom side of the lower heat storage chamber 1, and a fourth flange 19 is provided on the outer side of the ash discharge port 18. A fifth flange 52 is provided on one side of the ash discharge chamber 5, and the fifth flange 52 is detachably connected to the fourth flange 19. The bottom side of the fourth flange 19 extends to the bottom side of the lower heat storage chamber 1 and is reinforced with the lower heat storage chamber 1 by several first stiffening plates 191. An extension plate 53 is provided on the bottom side of the fifth flange 52, and second stiffening plates 54 are provided on both sides of the extension plate 53 to strengthen the overall support. The extension plate 53 and the fifth flange 52 are attached to the fourth flange 19 to achieve connection. A third cover 51 is detachably provided on both sides of the ash discharge chamber 5. When the ash receiving plate 63 has received enough dust, the ash receiving plate 63 is put into the ash discharge chamber 5, and the third cover 51 is removed for cleaning.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, in this invention, the burner 2 is further structurally designed to achieve a transitional connection between the burner 2 and the connecting part 11, thereby enabling variable-diameter airflow.

[0031] In this invention, a first airflow channel 12 with a gradually decreasing opening is provided inside the connecting part 11. This channel is used to gradually gather the heat exchange gas in the heat storage chamber and draw it out from the first airflow channel 12 to aid combustion. Conversely, it also disperses the flue gas from the first airflow channel 12 evenly in the heat storage chamber to achieve heat storage of the heat storage ball. The cross-section of the first airflow channel 12 is rectangular, corresponding to the square shape of the heat storage chamber. The opening of the first airflow channel 12 gradually decreases towards the sixth flange 13.

[0032] In this invention, the burner 2 has a second airflow channel 23 and a third airflow channel 26 connected to each other in sequence. The opening of the second airflow channel 23 gradually increases towards the third airflow channel 26. The cross-section of the second airflow channel 23 is rectangular, and the second airflow channel 23 is connected to the first airflow channel 12. The third airflow channel 26 is a conical channel with a gradually increasing opening. During combustion, the airflow reaches the second airflow channel 23 through the first airflow channel 12. The airflow first converges through the first airflow channel 12, then converges through the second airflow channel 23 to the third airflow channel 26, where it mixes with the fuel gas and is ignited for combustion.

[0033] Furthermore, a fourth airflow channel 24 and a fifth airflow channel 25 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the third airflow channel 26. The cross-section of the fourth airflow channel 24 is rectangular. The fourth airflow channel 24 and the second airflow channel 23 are symmetrically arranged. The opening of the fourth airflow channel 24 towards the second airflow channel 23 gradually decreases and connects with the second airflow channel 23; the opening of the fourth airflow channel 24 towards the fifth airflow channel 25 gradually increases and connects with the fifth airflow channel 25. The end of the fifth airflow channel 25 smoothly transitions to the third airflow channel 26. This structure designs the internal airflow channels of the burner 2 to achieve a smooth transition of airflow from a rectangular channel to a circular channel. When the gas reaches the second airflow channel 23, the gas can diffuse through the conical third airflow channel 26. At the same time, the airflow can diffuse through the fourth airflow channel 24, and finally the fifth airflow channel 25 and the third airflow channel 26 transition, achieving uniform diffusion and mixing of the gas.

[0034] Furthermore, the burner 2 has two mounting tubes 21 evenly distributed around its circumference at an angle. Each mounting tube 21 has a mounting hole 211, the end of which connects to the third airflow channel 26. The mounting hole 211 is offset from the fifth airflow channel 25. A fuel gun 212 and an ignition gun 213 are respectively installed in the mounting hole 211. The mounting hole 211 is located on the conical surface of the third airflow channel 26, where it has a greater thickness, allowing for more stable installation of the fuel gun 212 and ignition gun 213. Simultaneously, this location is at the rear end of the airflow diffusion position, allowing for sufficient mixing of combustion and oxidizing heat gases, achieving complete combustion.

[0035] Of course, multiple fuel guns 212 can be installed, evenly distributed around the circumference of the burner 2, and the specific number installed depends on the specific circumstances.

[0036] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A regenerative burner for aluminum smelting, characterized in that: This includes a heat storage chamber and a burner connected to the bottom of the heat storage chamber. The heat storage chamber has at least two layers of grates arranged vertically, and heat storage balls are installed on the grates; a gas inlet and outlet are provided above the heat storage chamber; The heat storage chamber is equipped with several stirring mechanisms arranged vertically, the number of which is the same as the number of grates, and the stirring mechanisms are located above each layer of grates; The heat storage chamber includes an upper heat storage chamber and a lower heat storage chamber that are detachably connected. The bottom side of the lower heat storage chamber is bent and has a connecting part, and the burner is connected to the connecting part. The bottom sides of the upper heat storage chamber and the lower heat storage chamber are respectively provided with a layer of grid. A detachable ash discharge chamber is provided on one side of the lower heat storage chamber. The ash discharge chamber is located on the bottom side of the grid. A telescopic mechanism is provided on the outer side of the ash discharge chamber. A slidable ash receiving plate is provided on the inner wall of the ash discharge chamber. The telescopic mechanism is connected to the ash receiving plate and is used to drive the ash receiving plate to extend into the lower heat storage chamber to receive dust. The connecting part has a first airflow channel with a gradually decreasing opening inside, and the cross-section of the first airflow channel is rectangular; the burner has a second airflow channel and a third airflow channel that are interconnected inside, the second airflow channel has a gradually increasing opening towards the third airflow channel, the cross-section of the second airflow channel is rectangular, the second airflow channel is connected to the first airflow channel, and the third airflow channel is a conical channel with a gradually increasing opening. The inner wall of the third airflow channel is symmetrically provided with a fourth airflow channel and a fifth airflow channel on both sides. The cross-section of the fourth airflow channel is rectangular. The opening of the fourth airflow channel gradually decreases towards the second airflow channel and connects with the second airflow channel. The opening of the fourth airflow channel gradually increases towards the fifth airflow channel and connects with the fifth airflow channel. The end of the fifth airflow channel smoothly transitions to the third airflow channel. The stirring mechanism includes a motor, a stirring shaft, and stirring rods. Shaft holes are provided on both sides of the upper and lower heat storage chambers, and the stirring shaft passes through the shaft holes. Bearing seats are provided on both sides of the shaft holes of the upper and lower heat storage chambers. The stirring shaft is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bearing seats. A shaft body is provided in the middle of the stirring shaft, and several stirring rods are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the shaft body. The stirring shaft and shaft body have air holes inside, and the stirring rod has injection holes inside that communicate with the air holes. The air holes of the stirring shaft are connected to an external air supply device.

2. The regenerative burner for aluminum smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ball unloading port is provided on one side of the lower heat storage chamber. The ball unloading port is located on the upper side of the grid inside the lower heat storage chamber. A first flange is provided on the outer side of the ball unloading port, and a first cover is detachably provided on the first flange.

3. The regenerative burner for aluminum smelting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower heat storage chamber is provided with a second flange at its upper end, and the upper heat storage chamber is provided with a third flange at its lower end. The second flange and the third flange are connected as a whole by a mounting block. The inner wall of the mounting block is provided with an annular baffle. The grid is provided on the inner wall of the mounting block, and the bottom side of the grid is supported on the baffle.

4. The regenerative burner for aluminum smelting according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second cover is detachably connected to the grid inside the mounting block.

5. The regenerative burner for aluminum smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom side of the lower heat storage chamber is provided with an ash discharge port, a fourth flange is provided on the outside of the ash discharge port, and a fifth flange is provided on one side of the ash discharge chamber. The fifth flange and the fourth flange are detachably connected.

6. The regenerative burner for aluminum smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The burner has two mounting tubes evenly distributed around its circumference at an angle. Each mounting tube has a mounting hole, the end of which is connected to a third airflow channel. The mounting hole is offset from the fifth airflow channel. A fuel gun and an ignition gun are respectively installed in the mounting hole.

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