Gas microcapsule generator and wearable device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion, in particular to a gas microcapsule generator and a wearable device. Mechanical energy can be efficiently converted into electric energy. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a power generation module, a power management module, a pre-activation module and a voltage reduction circuit, the power generation module is composed of a plurality of microcapsule units, each microcapsule is filled with an air capsule, a dielectric elastomer material is arranged on the outer side of each capsule, and the upper side and the lower side of each dielectric elastomer are coated with flexible electrodes; the units are connected through flexible wires to form a power generation network, the exterior of each microcapsule unit is protected by a protective sleeve, the circuit module is composed of a power management module, a pre-activation module and a step-down circuit, the power management module is composed of a rectification module and a storage power supply module, and the pre-activation module is composed of a boost circuit and a controllable circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy conversion technology, and more particularly to a gas microcapsule generator and a wearable device, which are suitable for wearable devices, medical equipment, military equipment, aerospace, industrial automation and other fields. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, wearable devices, medical, military, and aerospace, self-generating technology has become a research hotspot. Existing self-generating technologies mostly rely on materials such as electromagnetic induction and piezoelectric ceramics.

[0003] Electromagnetic induction power generation technology relies on changes in the magnetic field to generate electricity. In complex electromagnetic environments, such as cities or areas with dense electrical equipment, it is extremely susceptible to interference from external magnetic fields, resulting in reduced power generation efficiency or even failure. In addition, its equipment is large in size, which is not conducive to the integration of miniaturized equipment.

[0004] Although piezoelectric ceramic power generation technology can realize the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy, its conversion efficiency is low, the material is fragile and easily damaged, and its service life is short under frequent external forces. In actual application scenarios, these defects are magnified. For example, the patent number is "202420059325.6", and the patent name is "A self-generating flexible device and wearable device". It discloses the use of piezoelectric ceramics as an energy conversion unit to drive OLED light emission through deformation power generation, but it has defects such as easy material fatigue, low conversion efficiency (<10%), and dependence on external triggering. The patent number is "202080012549.6", and the patent name is "Dielectric elastomer power generation system". It discloses the use of dielectric elastomers for power generation and the storage of high voltage through capacitor voltage division, but its energy density is only 1 / 10 of that of lithium-ion batteries, and requires complex switching control, which is difficult to adapt to the needs of dynamic loads.

[0005] Wearable devices, such as smart glasses and clothing, require a continuous and stable power supply to maintain their functionality, but existing technologies cannot meet this requirement. Implantable medical devices also place extremely high demands on power supply stability and safety, making traditional self-generation technologies difficult to adapt to the complex environment of the human body. Military equipment, operating in harsh battlefield environments, faces operational challenges due to unstable power supply. Aerospace equipment, constrained by limited energy resources and complex environments, cannot meet the long-term power requirements of existing technologies. Therefore, the development of new self-generation technologies is urgent. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a gas microcapsule generator and a wearable device thereof, which can efficiently convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a gas microcapsule generator, characterized in that: the generator includes a power generation module, a power management module, a pre-activation module and a step-down circuit;

[0008] The power generation module is composed of multiple microcapsule units connected in series or in parallel; each microcapsule unit is filled with air, and a dielectric elastomer is provided on the outside of the capsule. Flexible electrodes are coated on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric elastomer to collect the electrical signals generated by the deformation of the dielectric elastomer through extrusion. Adjacent microcapsule units are connected by flexible wires to form a power generation network.

[0009] The power management module consists of a rectifier module and a storage power supply module. The rectifier module rectifies and classifies the power generated by the power generation module. The storage module is a rechargeable battery or capacitor, which is used to store the power processed by the rectifier module and supply power to other modules when they are working. At the same time, through a dynamic priority power allocation method, the power in the power management module is dynamically allocated according to the real-time power loss and priority of each power-consuming module.

[0010] The pre-activation module is connected to the flexible wire and consists of a boost circuit and a controllable circuit; the boost circuit consists of a voltage conversion chip, an energy storage inductor, a freewheeling diode, an output capacitor and a filter capacitor C1; the SW pin (switch pin) of the voltage conversion chip is connected to one end of the energy storage inductor, and the other end of the energy storage inductor is directly connected to the positive electrode of the input power supply (the positive end of the button battery 21); the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode is connected to the common node of the SW pin of the voltage conversion chip and the energy storage inductor, and the negative electrode is connected to the positive end of the output capacitor and the main output end (VOUT) after boosting; the negative end of the output capacitor is directly grounded; the voltage conversion The chip's VIN pin is directly connected to the positive terminal of the button battery, the GND pin is connected to the common ground, and the FB pin is connected between the boost output terminal (VOUT) and ground via voltage divider resistors R1 (pull-up resistor) and R2 (pull-down resistor), which is used to dynamically adjust the stable value of the output voltage. The output of the boost circuit is connected to the input of the power management module, converting the low voltage output of the button battery configured in the pre-activation module into a high voltage to meet the activation requirements of the subsequent circuit. The controllable circuit includes a chip model STM32F103, which accurately controls the action time and charging number of the dielectric elastomer by monitoring external pressure.

[0011] The step-down module is a step-down converter. The input end of the step-down circuit is connected to the output end of the power management module. It receives the power from the power management module and reduces the voltage according to the working voltage requirements of different electrical equipment to ensure the normal operation of the electrical equipment.

[0012] Furthermore, when the microcapsule units are connected in parallel, the positive and negative electrodes of the microcapsule units are connected together respectively; when the series and parallel connections are mixed, multiple microcapsule units are first connected in series to form a series group, and then the series groups are connected in parallel, and the positive electrode of each series group is connected to a common positive electrode wire with a wire, and the negative electrode is connected to a common negative electrode wire.

[0013] Furthermore, the model of the voltage conversion chip is TPS61088, the energy storage inductor is a 10 μH inductor, the freewheeling diode is a Schottky diode MBR05200, and the output capacitor is a 10 μF capacitor.

[0014] Furthermore, a protective cover is provided outside the microcapsule unit. The protective cover is made of polyurethane material or thermoplastic elastomer and has a thickness of 0.8-1.2 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the flexible wire is a rubber-wrapped copper wire, a carbon fiber wire, or a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) wire.

[0016] Furthermore, the material of the dielectric elastomer is an acrylic composite material or a natural polymer material.

[0017] A wearable device with a gas microcapsule generator comprises a device body, wherein the device is made using any one of the gas microcapsule generators described above.

[0018] A wearable device with a gas microcapsule generator, wherein the device is smart glasses, smart insoles, and smart clothing.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1) The generator of the present invention utilizes the characteristics of dielectric elastomers and effectively converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through the combination of a unique microcapsule structure and dielectric elastomer materials, achieving efficient energy conversion. It also has the advantages of being waterproof and durable, and can operate stably in a variety of environments.

[0021] 2) The present invention encapsulates a dielectric elastomer in a gas microcapsule unit, enhancing the deformation response efficiency through an air filling body and a porous gas protective layer; the flexible electrode and series-parallel network design improve the energy density (close to 30% of lithium-ion batteries) and has strong modular scalability.

[0022] 3) After being wrapped with silicone rubber, the present invention has comprehensive waterproof performance, can adapt to various usage environments, and is easy to clean and maintain.

[0023] 4) The present invention achieves efficient energy utilization and storage through the synergistic effects of pre-activation, power management and step-down circuits. The autonomous charging function enables the device to continuously generate and reasonably distribute electricity as long as it is subjected to external forces (such as human movement), ensuring long-term stable operation.

[0024] 5) The power generation modules of the present invention can be combined in series or parallel according to needs. Multiple groups of series and parallel can be used in large equipment (such as power stations), or a few groups of series and parallel can be used in small equipment, providing stable low-power output and strong adaptability.

[0025] 6) The generator of the present invention can be applied to wearable devices such as smart glasses, smart insoles, smart clothing, etc., to extend the use time of the devices and reduce dependence on external power sources.

[0026] 7) The present invention not only improves energy conversion efficiency, but also realizes the rational distribution and storage of electric energy through the intelligent power distribution algorithm and power management module, ensuring that the device can continuously generate electric energy and provide stable power supply when subjected to external forces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Generator structure diagram

[0028] Figure 2 This is the overall structure diagram of the power generation microcapsule;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the power generation microcapsule;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a microcapsule protective cover;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of smart shoes according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of a boost circuit;

[0033] Figure 7 A structural diagram of the invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a step-down storage circuit diagram;

[0035] Figure 9 This is the circuit diagram of the step-down process;

[0036] Figure 10 This is the circuit diagram of the energy harvesting process;

[0037] Marking instructions: 1. Microcapsule unit; 2. Dielectric elastomer; 3. Flexible electrode; 4. Power management module; 5. Pre-activation device; 6. Buck circuit; 7. Protective cover; 8. Rectifier module; 9. Storage power supply module; 10. Boost circuit; 11. Controllable circuit; 12. GPS module; 13. Wire; 14. Flexible wire; 15. Gas protection layer; 16. Air filling body; 17. Voltage conversion chip; 18. Energy storage inductor; 19. Freewheeling diode; 20. Output capacitor; 21. Button battery; 22. Waterproof layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The present invention provides a gas microcapsule generator, which includes a power generation module composed of a plurality of microcapsule units, a pre-activation device 5 , a step-down circuit 6 and a power management module 4 .

[0040] The above-mentioned power generation module is connected in series and parallel by multiple microcapsule units. The microcapsule units are connected to each other through flexible wires 14 to form a power generation network. The flexible wires are rubber-wrapped copper wires, carbon fiber wires or flexible printed circuit board (FPC) wires. Before connecting a single microcapsule unit, the positive and negative electrodes of the microcapsule unit electrodes are first determined. When connected in series, the positive electrode of the previous microcapsule unit is connected to the negative electrode of the next microcapsule unit; when connected in parallel, the positive and negative electrodes of all microcapsule units are connected together respectively; if a series-parallel hybrid generator set is required, multiple microcapsule units are first connected in series to form a series group, and then the series groups are connected in parallel. The positive electrode of each series group is connected to a common positive wire with a wire, and the negative electrode is connected to a common negative wire, thereby forming a generator set that meets different voltage and current requirements.

[0041] Each microcapsule unit is filled with air (16) and coated with a power generation material layer on the outside. This layer is made of a dielectric elastomer (2), which has excellent flexibility. When the microcapsule is squeezed by external forces, the dielectric elastomer deforms, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, generating an electrical signal. Flexible electrodes are coated on the top and bottom of the power generation material layer to collect the electrical signals generated by the layer and ensure effective transmission of the signals.

[0042] The dielectric elastomer 2 uses acrylic composite materials or natural polymer materials to make the power generation material layer of the microcapsule, and its outer flexible electrode 3 is covered with a silicone rubber waterproof layer 22 (thickness 0.3-0.5 mm) and a polyurethane protective cover 7 (the polyurethane protective cover 7 is made of polyurethane or thermoplastic elastomer and has a thickness of 0.8-1.2 mm) in sequence to increase mechanical strength and achieve waterproof performance; inside the microcapsule, a flexible electrode 3 and a gas protection layer 15 are arranged between the dielectric elastomer 2 and the air filling body 16. The gas protection layer 15 is made of latex or synthetic rubber and has a thickness of 0.2-0.4 mm.

[0043] The current generated by the power generation module is classified in the power management module, and a part of it is used to power the equipment that needs electricity in the system; the remaining electricity is stored in the power management module, so it can achieve the effect of self-storage electricity, without the need for additional charging, and can be used for a long time.

[0044] The power management module 4 includes a rectifier module 8 and a storage and power supply module 9. The rectifier module 8 rectifies the power emitted by the microcapsules (e.g., converting AC power to DC power) and classifies it (e.g., by voltage or current characteristics). The processed power is then stored in the storage and power supply module 9. The storage module 9 is a rechargeable battery or capacitor that stores the power processed by the rectifier module 8 and provides power to other modules during operation. The power management module dynamically allocates power within the power management module using a dynamic priority power allocation method. Based on the order of use and real-time power consumption of different priorities, the module with the highest real-time importance is prioritized for power supply.

[0045] The pre-activation module 5 is connected to a flexible conductor 14 and includes a boost circuit 10 and a controllable circuit 11. The boost circuit 10 converts the low voltage of the button battery 21 within the pre-activation module 5 into a high voltage to meet the activation requirements of the subsequent circuit. The output of the power generation module is connected to the input of the pre-activation module using a flexible copper conductor with excellent flexibility and conductivity. During connection, the positive and negative poles are strictly distinguished to ensure a correct connection. Furthermore, the controllable circuit in the pre-activation module 5 needs to obtain relevant parameters of the generator set, such as initial voltage and current, to accurately control the activation process. This requires an additional signal transmission line, typically a thin signal line. The output of the boost circuit 10 in the pre-activation module 5 is connected to the input of the power management module 4. Similarly, a rubber-wrapped copper wire with good conductivity is used. Furthermore, an additional signal transmission line is required to ensure that the controllable circuit 11 in the pre-activation module 5 transmits the required activation status and voltage conversion status signals to the power management module 4, so that the power management module 4 can make appropriate adjustments based on the activation status of the power generation module and the energy generated. Therefore, a shielded cable is used as the signal transmission line to reduce external interference.

[0046] The boost circuit 10 is composed of a voltage conversion chip 17, an energy storage inductor 18, a freewheeling diode 19 and an output capacitor 20. The boost circuit 10 is composed of a voltage conversion chip 17, an energy storage inductor 18, a freewheeling diode 19, an output capacitor 20 and a filter capacitor C1; the SW pin (switch pin) of the voltage conversion chip 17 is connected to one end of the energy storage inductor 18, and the other end of the energy storage inductor 18 is directly connected to the positive electrode of the input power supply (the positive end of the button battery 21); the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode 19 is connected to the common node of the SW pin of the voltage conversion chip 17 and the energy storage inductor 18, and the negative electrode is connected to the positive end of the output capacitor 20 and the boost circuit 10. The main output terminal (VOUT) after voltage conversion; the negative terminal of the output capacitor 20 is directly grounded; the VIN pin of the voltage conversion chip 17 is directly connected to the positive terminal of the button battery 21, the GND pin is connected to the common ground, and the FB pin is connected between the boost output terminal (VOUT) and the ground through the voltage divider resistors R1 (pull-up resistor) and R2 (pull-down resistor) to dynamically adjust the stable value of the output voltage; the model of the voltage conversion chip 17 is TPS61088, the energy storage inductor 18 is a 10μH inductor, the freewheeling diode 19 is a Schottky diode MBR05200, and the output capacitor 20 is a 10μF capacitor. The controllable circuit 11 includes a chip model STM32F103, which accurately controls the action time and charging number of the dielectric elastomer 2 by monitoring external pressure; the signal output terminals (A1, A2) of the controllable circuit 11 are respectively connected to the signal input terminals (B1, B2) of the power management module 4 via a shielded twisted pair cable, with both ends of the shield layer grounded; the state feedback terminal (C1) of the controllable circuit 11 is connected to the feedback receiving terminal (D1) of the power management module 4 via a single-core shielded cable, with one end of the shield layer grounded. The present invention uses a TPS61088 boost circuit to increase the low voltage (e.g., 3V) of the button battery to the high voltage (200V) required for activation, and combines it with the STM32F103 chip to control the action time of the dielectric elastomer in real time; supports series, parallel, or mixed connections, and is flexible to adapt to different devices (e.g., smart insoles require low voltage and high current, and drones require high voltage and medium current); and the conversion efficiency of the dielectric elastomer microcapsules reaches 25%-30%, far exceeding piezoelectric ceramics (<10%).

[0047] The aforementioned step-down module 6 utilizes a buck converter. The output of the power management module 4 is connected to the input of the step-down module 6 (which is a buck converter). This module receives electrical energy from the power management module and, based on the operating voltage requirements of different electrical devices, reduces the voltage to ensure the performance of the device. During connection, the positive output terminal of the power management module 4 is connected to the positive input terminal of the step-down module, and the negative terminals are connected to the negative terminals. Furthermore, the wires are selected appropriately based on the output current of the power management module 4. For high currents, thicker wires, such as multi-strand copper wire, are selected to reduce resistance and energy loss. For lower currents, thinner wires can be used. This forms the overall structure of the gas microcapsule generator.

[0048] A protective cover 7 is provided outside the microcapsule unit. The protective cover 7 is made of polyurethane material or thermoplastic elastomer and has a thickness of 0.8-1.2 mm.

[0049] like Figure 8 The figure shows a step-down storage circuit. The circuit mainly consists of a DEG power generation unit, a second-order switched capacitor converter, and a storage capacitor C3. By controlling the state of the two switches, the voltage reduction and storage of energy are achieved. In the circuit, the DEG is the energy source (referring to the microcapsule unit). The second-order switched capacitor circuit steps down the DEG output voltage, and the capacitor after the step-down is stored in C3. All the diodes in the figure have the same model specifications, and the capacitance value of the basic step-down capacitor is the same.

[0050] like Figure 9 The circuit diagram of the step-down process is shown as follows: When the DEG power generation unit retracts to the minimum moment, the output voltage of the DEG reaches its peak. In order to perform the step-down process, the switch S1 is closed and S2 is disconnected. At this time, the diodes D1 and D2 are in the cut-off state due to the reverse voltage, and the diode D2 is turned on, allowing current to pass. This state of the switch and the diode makes the step-down capacitors C1 and C2 connected in series. During this process, C1 and C2 jointly bear the high voltage generated by the DEG power generation unit until the charge in the DEG power generation unit and the circuit reaches a balanced state, achieving a step-down. During this process, the same amount of charge is stimulated on both sides of C1 and C2. The accumulation of these charges realizes the reduction of voltage, that is, the step-down effect.

[0051] like Figure 10The following diagram shows an energy harvesting circuit: When switch S1 is open and S2 is closed, the circuit enters the energy harvesting phase. At this point, diodes D1 and D2 are conducting, while D2 is cut off. The basic step-down capacitors C1 and C2 charge the storage capacitor C3 in parallel. When the DEG power generation unit retracts to its minimum position again, the step-down and energy harvesting process repeats. This is because the continuous operation of the DEG generates continuous energy output. The second-order switched capacitor step-down circuit can continuously step down this energy. In this way, the DEG power generation unit continuously generates energy and effectively steps down and stores the energy through the circuit.

[0052] Example 1: A smart insole with a built-in gas microcapsule generator

[0053] A smart insole with a built-in gas microcapsule generator consists of a generator set formed by multiple microcapsule units 1 connected in series and parallel, a power management module 4, a flexible conductor 14, a pre-activation module 5, a step-down circuit 6, a GPS module 12, a dielectric elastomer 2, and flexible electrodes 3. Mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy through the deformation of the dielectric elastomer material 2 inside the microcapsules under external pressure, and the electrical energy is processed and managed by the circuit module. A schematic diagram of the smart shoe is shown below. Figure 5 shown.

[0054] The microcapsule unit 1 is the basic unit for power generation. Each microcapsule contains a power generation material layer made of a dielectric elastomer 2. This dielectric elastomer has excellent flexibility and elasticity, and can quickly deform when subjected to external forces, thereby generating electrical signals. The power generation material layer is surrounded by flexible electrodes 3 on both the inside and outside. The flexible electrodes are made of silver nanofilm with excellent conductivity and flexibility. They can effectively collect the electrical signals generated by the power generation material layer and ensure the effective transmission of the electrical signals.

[0055] The power generation module consists of multiple microcapsules connected in series and parallel, ensuring optimal performance. In this embodiment, the microcapsule's power generation material layer is made of an acrylic composite material and encased in silicone rubber, making it waterproof and convenient for use in various environments. Each microcapsule unit also comes with a protective sleeve 7. The sleeve is made of a 1.0 mm thick polyurethane material, which not only protects the microcapsule's internal structure but also enhances its elasticity and stability.

[0056] The pre-activation module includes a boost circuit 10 and a controllable chip. The boost circuit converts the low voltage of the button battery (such as 3V) into a high voltage (such as 200V) to meet the activation requirements of the subsequent circuit. The controllable chip accurately controls the action time and charging times of the dielectric elastomer 2 by analyzing the pressure sensor on the insole.

[0057] The power management module 4 includes a rectifier module 8 and a storage and power supply module 9. The rectifier module 8 rectifies and classifies the power emitted by the microcapsules. The storage module, a rechargeable battery or capacitor, stores the electrical signals output by the microcapsules and provides power to other modules during operation. The power management module 4 also dynamically allocates power within the power management module using an intelligent power allocation algorithm, prioritizing power to modules with higher real-time importance based on their priority order.

[0058] The step-down circuit 6 uses a step-down converter, which receives power from the power management module and reduces the voltage (such as 5V or 3.3V) according to the operating voltage requirements of different electrical devices to ensure the performance of the electrical device.

[0059] Multiple microcapsule units are connected in series and parallel in a designed manner to form a power generation module. Flexible conductors 14 are used in the connection process. The flexible conductors are made of rubber-wrapped copper wires, which not only ensure good conductivity but also prevent short circuits between conductors, providing insulation protection.

[0060] The power generation module is installed in a specific location on a special insole, ensuring that the microcapsules are fully exposed to the pressure generated by walking. Furthermore, components such as the pre-activation device, power management module, and step-down circuit are strategically located inside or around the insole, and connected by wires to form a complete power generation system.

[0061] Utilizing the above-described technical solution, the present invention constructs a complete power generation and energy management architecture. When subjected to external forces, the unique internal structure of the power generation module activates, utilizing the deformation properties of the dielectric elastomer material 2 under pressure to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Subsequently, the pre-activation module 5 activates first, using the boost circuit 10 to boost the low voltage generated by the microcapsules to an appropriate level, ensuring the necessary conditions for subsequent circuit operation. Next, the power management module 4 rectifies, classifies, and intelligently distributes the generated electrical signals. A portion of the power is precisely delivered to the various power-consuming modules to ensure their proper operation, while the remaining power is properly stored for future use. The step-down circuit 6 steps down the power output of the power management module 4 according to the operating voltage requirements of the various power-consuming devices, ensuring stable operation. This gas microcapsule generator operates continuously and stably without the need for external charging equipment, presenting promising application prospects. It can be widely used in wearable devices, small electronic devices, and other fields, providing a stable power supply.

[0062] In this embodiment, the dielectric elastomer generator is composed of a dielectric elastomer and a flexible electrode, and is prepared using an acrylic composite material and a flexible carbon paste, so that it has a high power conversion efficiency; at the same time, it is wrapped with 702 silicone rubber and waterproofed to enable it to adapt to different environments.

[0063] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the power management module includes a rectifier module and a storage and power supply module. The rectifier module rectifies and classifies the power generated by the microcapsules in the power generation module. The storage module, a rechargeable battery or capacitor, stores the electrical signals output by the microcapsules and provides power to other modules during operation. Furthermore, according to the operating principle, whenever the microcapsules are subjected to external forces, they generate electrical energy, which the power management module then charges the storage and power supply module.

[0064] Using the above technical solution, assuming that in a certain application scenario, the microcapsule generator is subjected to regular external forces and can generate a certain amount of electrical energy within a certain period of time. After voltage reduction conversion, it can meet the working voltage requirements of the corresponding small electrical equipment and can store excess electricity to ensure continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0065] Example 2: Auxiliary power supply system for small drones based on gas microcapsule generators

[0066] The gas microcapsule generator of the present invention is used in small drones to provide auxiliary power, effectively extending the drone's flight time. The system primarily consists of a generator set consisting of 50 microcapsule units 1 connected in series and parallel, a power management module 4, wires 14, a pre-activation module 5, a step-down circuit 6, a flight control system module, a dielectric elastomer 2, flexible electrodes 3, and an adapted drone body structure.

[0067] The 50 microcapsule units 1 are the core components for power generation. Each microcapsule contains a power generation material layer made of a dielectric elastomer 2. Dielectric elastomers have excellent flexibility and elasticity, allowing them to rapidly deform when subjected to external forces, thereby generating electrical signals. The power generation material layer is surrounded by a flexible electrode 3. In this embodiment, the flexible electrode is a silver nanowire composite film, which has excellent conductivity and flexibility. It can effectively collect the electrical signals generated by the power generation material layer and ensure effective transmission between the electrical signals.

[0068] The generator set is constructed by designing 50 microcapsule units, each consisting of 5 groups connected in series, with each group containing 10 microcapsules connected in parallel. This series-parallel combination ensures that the output voltage meets the required output voltage while also achieving sufficient current output. The microcapsule's power generation material layer is made of an acrylic composite material and encapsulated in silicone rubber, ensuring excellent waterproof properties to adapt to drone flight requirements in various weather conditions. Furthermore, each microcapsule unit is wrapped in a 1.0 mm thick polyurethane protective cover7, which not only protects the microcapsule's internal structure but also enhances its pressure resistance and stability.

[0069] The pre-activation module 5 consists of a boost circuit 10 and a controllable circuit 11. The boost circuit 10 uses a high-efficiency voltage conversion chip to convert the low voltage of the button battery (such as 3V) into a high voltage (such as 200V) to meet the requirements of activating the power generation module. The controllable chip (1) accurately controls the action time and charging times of the dielectric elastomer material 2 by monitoring the vibration sensor data during the flight of the drone. When the vibration amplitude reaches a certain threshold during the flight of the drone, the controllable chip 11 controls the dielectric elastomer material 2 to start working, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0070] The power management module 4 includes a rectifier module 8 and a storage and power supply module 9. The rectifier module 8 rectifies and classifies the power generated by the generator set. The storage module uses a high-performance supercapacitor to store the electrical signals output by the generator set. During flight, the power management module 4 uses an intelligent power allocation algorithm to dynamically allocate power based on the real-time power consumption and priority of various power-consuming modules, such as the flight control system module and the motor drive module. For example, if the drone encounters strong winds and needs to adjust its flight attitude, power is prioritized to the flight control system module to ensure flight safety.

[0071] The step-down circuit 6 uses a buck converter to receive power from the power management module 4. Because different electrical devices on the drone have different operating voltages, the step-down circuit 6 reduces the voltage according to the operating voltage requirements of each device (e.g., 5V, 3.3V, etc.) to ensure normal operation of the electrical devices.

[0072] Fifty groups of microcapsules are connected in a designed series-parallel arrangement using flexible wires (multi-strand copper wire wrapped in rubber) 14 to form a power generation module. The module is then installed in a specific location on the drone body that can fully sense the mechanical vibrations and airflow changes during flight, such as the edge of the wing or the bottom of the fuselage. Meanwhile, components such as the pre-activation module 5, power management module 4, and step-down circuit 6 are rationally arranged inside the drone, and connected by wires to form a complete auxiliary power supply system.

[0073] During actual flight, mechanical vibrations and airflow fluctuations exert external forces on the microcapsules. The dielectric elastomer material 2 inside the microcapsules is squeezed or stretched, causing deformation, thereby converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The pre-activation module 5 is first activated, and the boost circuit 10 raises the low voltage generated by the microcapsules to an appropriate level, providing the necessary conditions for the operation of subsequent circuits. Next, the power management module 4 rectifies, classifies, and intelligently distributes the generated electrical signals. A portion of the power is transmitted to power-consuming modules such as the flight control system module and the motor drive module to ensure normal flight of the drone; the remaining power is stored in the supercapacitor. The step-down circuit 6 steps down the power output of the power management module 4 according to the operating voltage requirements of different electrical devices, ensuring stable operation of these devices. In this way, the gas microcapsule generator provides a reliable auxiliary power supply for the small drone, extending its flight time and improving its flight performance and reliability.

[0074] In the field of medical equipment, the generator of the present invention can be applied to implantable medical devices, and power is supplied to them through human movement or external mechanical vibration, thereby improving the reliability of the equipment and the comfort of patients; in the field of military equipment, the generator can be integrated into soldiers' equipment, such as smart helmets, tactical vests, etc., and power is supplied to them through the soldiers' movement, thereby improving the equipment's autonomous power supply capability; in the field of aerospace, the generator can be used in equipment such as drones and satellites, and auxiliary power is provided to them through mechanical vibration or airflow changes, thereby extending the equipment's operating time.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be pointed out that any improvements and modifications made by ordinary technicians in this technical field without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas microcapsule generator, characterized by: The generator comprises a power generation module, a power management module (4), a pre-activation module (5) and a step-down circuit (6); The power generation module comprises a plurality of microcapsule units (1) connected in series or in parallel; an air filling body (16) is filled inside each microcapsule unit, a dielectric elastomer (2) is provided on the outside of the capsule, and flexible electrodes (3) are coated on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric elastomer (2) for collecting electrical signals generated by deformation of the dielectric elastomer (2) through extrusion; two adjacent microcapsule units are connected by flexible wires (14) to form a power generation network; The power management module (4) is composed of a rectifier module (8) and a storage power supply module (9). The rectifier module (8) rectifies and classifies the power generated by the power generation module. The storage module (9) is a rechargeable battery or capacitor, which is used to store the power processed by the rectifier module (8) and supply power to other modules when they are working. At the same time, the power in the power management module (4) is dynamically allocated according to the real-time power loss and priority of each power-consuming module through a dynamic priority power allocation method. The pre-activation module (5) is connected to the flexible wire (14) and consists of a boost circuit (10) and a controllable circuit (11); the boost circuit (10) consists of a voltage conversion chip (17), an energy storage inductor (18), a freewheeling diode (19), an output capacitor (20) and a filter capacitor (C1); the SW pin (switch pin) of the voltage conversion chip (17) is connected to one end of the energy storage inductor (18), and the other end of the energy storage inductor (18) is directly connected to the positive electrode of the input power supply (the positive end of the button battery 21); the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode (19) is connected to the common node of the SW pin of the voltage conversion chip (17) and the energy storage inductor (18), and the negative electrode is connected to the positive end of the output capacitor (20) and the main output end (VOUT) after boosting; The negative terminal of the output capacitor (20) is directly connected to the ground; the VIN pin of the voltage conversion chip (17) is directly connected to the positive terminal of the button battery (21), the GND pin is connected to the common ground, and the FB pin is connected between the boost output terminal (VOUT) and the ground through the voltage divider resistors R1 (pull-up resistor) and R2 (pull-down resistor) to dynamically adjust the stable value of the output voltage; the output terminal of the boost circuit (10) is connected to the input terminal of the power management module (4), and the low voltage output by the button battery (21) configured in the pre-activation module (5) is converted into a high voltage to meet the activation requirements of the subsequent circuit. The controllable circuit (11) includes a chip of model STM32F103, which accurately controls the action time and charging times of the dielectric elastomer (2) by monitoring the external pressure; The step-down module (6) is a step-down converter. The input end of the step-down circuit (6) is connected to the output end of the power management module (4). It receives the electric energy from the power management module and reduces the voltage according to the operating voltage requirements of different electrical equipment to ensure the normal operation of the electrical equipment.

2. A gas microcapsule generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the microcapsule units are connected in parallel, the positive and negative electrodes of the microcapsule units are connected together respectively; when the series and parallel connections are mixed, multiple microcapsule units are first connected in series to form a series group, and then the series groups are connected in parallel, and the positive electrode of each series group is connected to a common positive electrode wire with a wire, and the negative electrode is connected to a common negative electrode wire.

3. A gas microcapsule generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The voltage conversion chip (17) is of model TPS61088, the energy storage inductor (18) is a 10 μH inductor, the freewheeling diode (19) is a Schottky diode MBR05200, and the output capacitor (20) is a 10 μF capacitor.

4. A gas microcapsule generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: A protective cover (7) is provided outside the microcapsule unit. The protective cover (7) is made of polyurethane material or thermoplastic elastomer and has a thickness of 0.8-1.2 mm.

5. The gas microcapsule generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flexible wire (14) is a rubber-wrapped copper wire, a carbon fiber wire, or a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) wire.

6. The gas microcapsule generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material of the dielectric elastomer (2) is an acrylic composite material or a natural polymer material.

7. A wearable device with a gas microcapsule generator, comprising a device body, characterized in that: The device is made of the gas microcapsule generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

8. A wearable device with a gas microcapsule generator as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The devices are smart glasses, smart insoles and smart clothing.

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