Grid connection control methods and systems for distributed photovoltaic power stations

Abstract

This invention provides a grid-connected control method and system for a distributed photovoltaic (PV) power station. It includes: acquiring the electricity consumption of an electrical device; acquiring the effective power of the PV power station; when the effective power is greater than the electricity consumption, using the PV power station to supply power to the electrical device; and when the effective power is less than the electricity consumption, connecting the PV power station to the grid and using mains power to supply power to the electrical device. Because the effective power of the PV power station can be acquired, and power is supplied to the electrical device only when the effective power exceeds the electricity consumption, and otherwise using mains power, the power supply equipment for the electrical device is a single device, preventing the simultaneous use of two power supply devices, reducing the complexity of power supply control, improving power supply stability, and reducing power supply costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of distributed photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a grid-connected control method and system for a distributed photovoltaic power station. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems can be divided into off-grid PV systems and grid-connected PV systems. Grid-connected PV systems require 25% less investment than off-grid PV systems. Connecting PV systems to the main grid in the form of microgrids, with mutual support between the two, is a crucial technological solution for increasing the scale of PV power generation. Grid-connected PV systems are also a major direction for future technological development, expanding the scope and flexibility of solar energy use. Grid-connected PV power generation involves converting the direct current (DC) generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC) that meets the requirements of the municipal power grid via a grid-connected inverter before directly connecting to the public power grid.

[0003] Numerous distributed photovoltaic (PV) power stations have been installed in factories, businesses, and homes to power their electrical appliances. Typically, these stations initially supply power to their respective factories, businesses, and homes. When this power supply is insufficient, the mains power grid simultaneously supplies power to the same facilities. This results in the same electrical device receiving power from two different sources simultaneously, leading to complex power control, unstable power supply, and potentially increased power costs, which is detrimental to energy conservation and emission reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a grid-connected control method and system for distributed photovoltaic power stations that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems, and can solve the problems of complex power supply control and unstable power supply.

[0005] Specifically, the present invention provides a grid-connected control method for a distributed photovoltaic power station, comprising:

[0006] To obtain the power consumption of electrical devices;

[0007] Obtain the effective power generation of the photovoltaic power station;

[0008] When the effective power is greater than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station is used to supply power to the electrical device.

[0009] When the effective power is less than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station is connected to the grid to supply power to the electrical device using mains power.

[0010] Optionally, the step of obtaining the effective power of the photovoltaic power station includes:

[0011] The power generation of the photovoltaic power station and the power consumption of the photovoltaic power station are obtained.

[0012] Obtain the energy storage capacity and basic energy capacity of the backup batteries in the photovoltaic power station;

[0013] The effective power is obtained based on the difference between the power generation and the power consumption, as well as the power storage and the basic power.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes:

[0015] If the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is greater than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station is used to charge the backup battery.

[0016] When the backup battery is fully charged, the grid-connected battery is charged.

[0017] The electrical energy in the grid-connected battery is connected to the grid.

[0018] Optionally, the photovoltaic power station has a first heat dissipation device, a second heat dissipation device and a third heat dissipation device. The first heat dissipation device is used to dissipate heat in a first area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, the second heat dissipation device is used to dissipate heat in a second area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, and the third heat dissipation device is used to dissipate heat in a third area of ​​the photovoltaic panel.

[0019] The grid connection control method further includes:

[0020] The system obtains the first power generation of the first region, the second power generation of the second region, and the third power generation of the third region, as well as the first power consumption of the first heat dissipation device, the second power consumption of the second heat dissipation device, and the third power consumption of the third heat dissipation device; the power generation is equal to the sum of the first power generation, the second power generation, and the third power generation, and the power consumption is equal to the sum of the first power consumption, the second power consumption, and the third power consumption.

[0021] Optionally, it also includes:

[0022] Obtain the ambient temperature and determine the initial heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device based on the ambient temperature.

[0023] The first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device shall dissipate heat according to the initial heat dissipation capacity;

[0024] Gradually increase the heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device within a preset time period, obtain the difference between the first power generation and the first power consumption, and obtain multiple first differences;

[0025] Gradually reduce the heat dissipation capacity of the second heat dissipation device within a preset time period, obtain the difference between the second power generation and the second power consumption, and obtain multiple second differences;

[0026] Obtain the maximum difference between the first difference and the second difference;

[0027] The first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device shall dissipate heat according to the heat dissipation capacity corresponding to the maximum difference.

[0028] Optionally, obtaining the effective electricity based on the difference between the power generation and the power consumption, as well as the stored electricity and the basic electricity, includes:

[0029] Obtain the difference between the power generation and the power consumption, and obtain the difference between the energy storage and the basic energy.

[0030] When the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is less than the power consumption, the effective power is the difference between the power generation and the power consumption;

[0031] When the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is greater than the power consumption, the effective power is the sum of the difference between the power generation and the power consumption and the difference between the power storage and the basic power.

[0032] When the effective power is less than the power consumption, the effective power is the difference between the power generation and the power consumption.

[0033] The present invention also provides a grid-connected system for a distributed photovoltaic power station, comprising a photovoltaic power station, mains power, power consumption devices, a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the above-described grid-connected control methods.

[0034] Optionally, the photovoltaic power station includes:

[0035] A photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel being configured to receive sunlight to generate electricity;

[0036] A first heat dissipation device is disposed on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat to a first area on the photovoltaic panel;

[0037] A second heat dissipation device is disposed on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat to a second area on the photovoltaic panel;

[0038] A third heat dissipation device is installed on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat in a third area on the photovoltaic panel.

[0039] Optionally, the areas of the first region and the second region are equal, and the ratio between the area of ​​the first region and the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is 3% to 6%.

[0040] Optionally, it also includes:

[0041] A backup battery is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel; the backup battery is configured to supply power to the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device.

[0042] A grid-connected battery, which is electrically connected to the backup battery or the photovoltaic panel.

[0043] In the grid-connected control method and system of the distributed photovoltaic power station of the present invention, since the effective power of the photovoltaic power station can be obtained, when the effective power is greater than the power consumption of the electrical device, the photovoltaic power station is used to supply power to the electrical device; otherwise, the mains power is used to supply power to the electrical device. This makes the power supply equipment for the electrical device when it is working a single device, preventing the use of two power supply equipment at the same time, reducing the complexity of power supply control, improving the stability of power supply, and reducing power supply costs.

[0044] The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0045] The following sections will describe some specific embodiments of the invention in detail by way of example and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts or portions. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed photovoltaic power station grid-connected system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic power station in a grid-connected distributed photovoltaic power station system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module in a grid-connected distributed photovoltaic power station system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic partial structural diagram of the photovoltaic module shown;

[0050] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Another schematic partial structural diagram of the photovoltaic module shown;

[0051] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 Another schematic partial structural diagram of the photovoltaic module shown;

[0052] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 Another schematic partial structural diagram of the photovoltaic module shown;

[0053] Figure 8 yes Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the first hoisting device in the photovoltaic module shown;

[0054] Figure 9 yes Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the second hoisting device and detachable structure in the photovoltaic module shown;

[0055] Figure 10 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structural connection between the second hoisting device and the detachable structure in the photovoltaic module shown.

[0056] Figure 11 This is a schematic flowchart of a grid-connected control method for a distributed photovoltaic power station according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The following reference Figures 1 to 11 This invention describes a grid-connected control method and system for a distributed photovoltaic power station according to embodiments of the present invention. In this description, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature, that is, include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. When a feature "includes or contains" one or more of the features it encompasses, unless otherwise specifically described, this indicates that other features are not excluded and may be further included.

[0058] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "fix," and "couple" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] Furthermore, in the description of this embodiment, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or it can include contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. That is, in the description of this embodiment, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "below" of the second feature can mean the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0060] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed photovoltaic power station grid-connected system according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, and refer to Figures 2 to 10 This invention provides a grid-connected system for a distributed photovoltaic (PV) power station, including a PV power station 100, a mains power supply 300, and a power-consuming device 200. Both the PV power station 100 and the mains power supply 300 supply power to the power-consuming device 200. When the effective power output of the PV power station 100 is higher than the power consumption of the power-consuming device 200, the PV power station 100 supplies power to the power-consuming device 200, and in this case, the mains power supply 300 is not used. When the effective power output of the distributed PV power station 100 is lower than the power consumption of the power-consuming device 200, the mains power supply 300 is used to supply power to the power-consuming device 200.

[0062] In the grid-connected system of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 of the present invention, since the effective power of the photovoltaic power station 100 can be obtained, when the effective power is greater than the power consumption of the electrical device 200, the photovoltaic power station 100 is used to supply power to the electrical device 200; otherwise, the mains power 300 is used to supply power to the electrical device 200. This ensures that the power supply equipment for the electrical device 200 is a single device when it is working, preventing the simultaneous use of two power supply devices, reducing the complexity of power supply control, improving the stability of power supply, and reducing power supply costs.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic power station 100 includes photovoltaic panels and a support frame. The photovoltaic panels are mounted on the support frame and configured to receive sunlight to generate electricity. To further improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power station 100, especially during high temperatures in summer, a heat dissipation device is also provided on the underside of the photovoltaic panels to reduce the temperature at the location of the photovoltaic panels and increase power generation.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the photovoltaic power station 100 has a modular structure. Specifically, the photovoltaic panel includes multiple photovoltaic sub-panels 40, the support frame includes multiple support sub-frames, and the heat dissipation device includes multiple heat dissipation units 60. One photovoltaic sub-panel 40, one support sub-frame, and one heat dissipation unit 60 constitute a photovoltaic module 110, and multiple photovoltaic modules 110 form the aforementioned photovoltaic power station 100. This modular design allows for rapid manufacturing and installation of the photovoltaic power station 100, reducing costs and facilitating maintenance and replacement.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, at least one heat dissipation unit 60 constitutes a first heat dissipation device, and the corresponding photovoltaic sub-panel 40 constitutes a first region on the photovoltaic panel. At least one heat dissipation unit 60 constitutes a second heat dissipation device, and the corresponding photovoltaic sub-panel 40 constitutes a second region on the photovoltaic panel. The remaining heat dissipation units 60 constitute a third heat dissipation device, and the corresponding photovoltaic sub-panel 40 constitute a third region on the photovoltaic panel. That is, the heat dissipation device includes a first heat dissipation device, a second heat dissipation device, and a third heat dissipation device. The first heat dissipation device is disposed on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from the first region on the photovoltaic panel; the second heat dissipation device is disposed on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from the second region on the photovoltaic panel; and the third heat dissipation device is disposed on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from the third region on the photovoltaic panel. The embodiments of the present invention control the heat dissipation capacity of the third heat dissipation device by varying the heat dissipation capacity of the first and second heat dissipation devices, thereby improving the effective power generation of the entire photovoltaic power station 100.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, the areas of the first region and the second region are equal, and the ratio between the area of ​​the first region and the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is 3% to 6%. The first and second regions are used to select the heat dissipation capacity of the heat dissipation device when the effective power is maximized. The third region is mainly used for power generation. This configuration achieves the maximum adjustment of effective power without relying on traditional experience or historical data, thus maximizing power generation.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 3 to 7As shown, each support sub-frame includes a support base 70 and a mounting bracket 50. The mounting bracket 50 is located at the upper end of the support base 70; the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 is mounted on the corresponding mounting bracket 50. Each heat dissipation unit 60 is a heat dissipation fan, which is mounted on the mounting bracket 50 and configured to blow airflow towards the lower side of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40, and then the airflow flows out from the upper side of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. The heat dissipation airflow moves from the lower side to the upper side of the photovoltaic panel, preventing the heat dissipation airflow from accumulating on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel and ensuring a low-temperature environment on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel. The heat dissipation airflow, after its temperature rises, can quickly diffuse in the air above the photovoltaic panel, improving the heat dissipation capacity.

[0068] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the mounting frame 50 has four strip-shaped blocks 51 and a flow guide 52. The four strip-shaped blocks 51 are respectively disposed on the outer perimeter of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40; each strip-shaped block 51 has a baffle 53 at its upper end, which is located on the upper side of the corresponding edge of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. The flow guide 52 is located on the lower side of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 and has an airflow inlet, at which a cooling fan is disposed. The cooling fan can rotate in both directions. When rotating in the first direction, air enters from the airflow inlet between the flow guide 52 and the photovoltaic sub-panel 40, dissipating heat from the lower side of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. After passing through the gap 41 between the strip-shaped blocks 51 and the edge of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40, the air flows upward and is blocked by the corresponding baffle 53 before being blown toward the upper surface of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. This simultaneously dissipates heat from the upper surface of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 and blows away impurities and other debris from the upper surface of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. This design also prevents heat dissipation interference between the two photovoltaic sub-panels 40, ensuring the independent operation of each photovoltaic module 110. When the cooling fan rotates in the second direction, opposite to the first direction, it causes airflow to enter the lower guide shroud 52 of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 from the upper surface of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 through the gap 41, and then blow out from the airflow inlet on the guide shroud 52. These two methods make the airflow pattern exactly opposite.

[0069] Furthermore, the baffle 53 is located on the upper side of the edge of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40, and a guide shroud 52 is provided on the lower side of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 to improve the wind resistance of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 and prevent strong winds from directly acting on the lower side of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. By employing two opposing airflows, during normal heat dissipation, the cooling fan rotates in the first direction. During cleaning, the cooling fan first rotates in the first direction for a preset time, and then rotates in the second direction for a preset time, thus cleaning stubborn impurities on the upper surface of the photovoltaic sub-panel from multiple directions and ensuring cleaning efficiency.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, four strip-shaped blocks 51 are connected to a first lifting device 511, which is used for the overall lifting and movement of the photovoltaic module 110. The mounting frame 50 is detachably connected to the support base 70. This allows for the lifting of only the entire photovoltaic module 110, or only a portion of the photovoltaic module 110, as needed. Similarly, a second lifting device is provided on the upper side of each photovoltaic sub-panel 40 for lifting the photovoltaic sub-panel 40.

[0071] like Figure 3 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, both the first hoisting device 511 and the second hoisting device include a hoisting column 81, a connecting block 82, a first wedge block 83, and a second wedge block 84. The connecting block 82 is disposed at one end of the hoisting column 81, and the first wedge block 83 is disposed at the other end of the hoisting column 81, with the smaller end of the first wedge block 83 facing away from the connecting block 82. The second wedge block 84 is movably disposed on the hoisting column 81 and is located between the first wedge block 83 and the connecting block 82. The second wedge block 84 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the first wedge block 83. The connecting block 82 of the first hoisting device 511 is fixedly disposed on the strip-shaped stop block 51. The connecting block 82 of the second hoisting device is fixedly or rotatably disposed on the photovoltaic sub-panel 40.

[0072] Specialized hoisting equipment can be used for hoisting. This equipment includes a connecting device comprising a gravity block 85 with a central through-hole. A telescopic member 86 and an elastic member 87 that extends the telescopic member 86 are mounted on the peripheral wall of the central through-hole. During hoisting, the gravity block 85 descends, aligning the central through-hole with the hoisting column 81. A first wedge block 83 causes the telescopic member 86 to retract, extending it to the underside of the first wedge block 83. Then, the gravity block 85 rises, moving the hoisted part. When the connecting device needs to be disengaged, the gravity block 85 continues to descend under its own weight. The telescopic member 86 retracts under the action of its lower inclined surface and the second wedge block 84, moving to below the middle of the second wedge block 84. Then the gravity block 85 rises, driving the second wedge block 84 to rise. After the second wedge block 84 contacts the first wedge block 83, the gravity block 85 continues to rise. Under the action of the second wedge block 84, the telescopic member 86 retracts, then moves past the second wedge block 84 to the upper side of the first wedge block 83, disengaging from the first wedge block 83, thus achieving disengagement.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, to facilitate the disassembly and replacement of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40, a baffle 53 is rotatably mounted on the upper side of the strip-shaped baffle 51. The photovoltaic sub-panel 40 is mounted on the mounting frame 50 via a detachable structure. During disassembly, the baffle 53 is first flipped over to avoid obstructing the disassembly and movement of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40, and then the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 is disassembled, enabling rapid disassembly and replacement of the photovoltaic sub-panel 40.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present invention, the detachable structure includes an elastic clamp and a fixing member. The elastic clamp includes a mounting plate 78 disposed on the mounting frame 50 and a plurality of clamping arms 79 connected to the mounting plate 78. A through hole is provided in the center of the mounting plate 78; the plurality of clamping arms 79 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the mounting plate 78. The fixing member includes a post 77. The post 77 is used to pass through the through hole of the mounting plate 78. A plurality of stop notches are provided at the lower end of the post 77 and are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the post 77. The suspended end of each clamping arm 79 is inserted into the bottom of the stop notch. The post 77 can be fixedly connected to the connecting block 82 of the second hoisting device and is coaxially arranged with the hoisting column 81 of the second hoisting device. The connecting block 82 of the second hoisting device is rotatably mounted on the photovoltaic sub-panel 40. A drive column 88 is provided on the small end of the first wedge block 83 of the second hoisting device. The cross-section of the drive column 88 is square. The drive column 88 rotates, causing the lifting column 81 and the insertion column 77 to rotate, thereby misaligning the stop notch with the clamping arm 79. During installation, the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 and the insertion column 77 move downwards simultaneously, inserting into the through hole and causing the clamping arm 79 to open. After the stop notch moves to the underside of the clamping arm 79, the clamping arm 79 retracts, with its lower end positioned at the stop notch, achieving a secure connection. When disassembly is required, rotating the drive column 88 misaligns the stop notch with the clamping arm 79, allowing the insertion column 77 to be unobstructed and detached from the mounting bracket 50. This design facilitates both disassembly and installation, while ensuring a secure installation.

[0075] Furthermore, a torsion spring is provided between the baffle 53 and the strip-shaped stop 51, causing the baffle 53 to flip to a vertical position. The baffle 53 has a clearance hole, and a latch 531 is located below the clearance hole, engaging with the lower side of the first wedge block 83. The first wedge block 83 has a clearance groove 831. When the drive column 88 causes the lifting column 81 and the insertion column 77 to rotate, the latch 531 moves to the position of the clearance groove 831, and the baffle 53 automatically flips to a vertical position under the action of the torsion spring. The clearance hole on the baffle 53 is used for inserting tools into the drive column 88, which then drives the drive column 88 to rotate.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic panel is movably mounted on a support frame to change its tilt angle according to the direction of sunlight, thereby receiving more sunlight. Specifically, the mounting frame 50 is movably mounted on the upper end of the support base 70.

[0077] like Figures 3 to 7As shown, the upper end of the mounting bracket 50 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the support base 70 about a horizontal axis. The mounting bracket 50 has two threaded rods 54 and a guide shaft 55. The two threaded rods 54 are arranged in parallel and rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket 50; the two threaded rods 54 are parallel to the output shaft of the cooling fan. A slider 56 is threadedly connected to each of the two threaded rods 54, and the slider 56 is movably mounted on the guide shaft 55. Two connecting rods 57 are provided between each slider 56 and the support base 70. The two connecting rods 57 are arranged in parallel, with one end of each connecting rod 57 rotatably connected to a slider 56 and the other end rotatably connected to the support base 70. By setting up the slider 56 and threaded rod 54 mechanism, when the threaded rods 54 are not rotating, the mounting bracket 50 can be firmly and stably mounted on the support base 70.

[0078] A first clutch mechanism and two chain drive mechanisms are provided between the output shaft of the cooling fan and the two threaded rods 54. The first clutch mechanism causes the output shaft and the driving sprocket 58 of the chain drive mechanism to rotate synchronously or separate. The driven sprockets 59 of the two chain drive mechanisms are respectively mounted on the two threaded rods 54. The first clutch mechanism may include an electromagnet, a movable wheel 62, and a movable shaft. A connecting frame 63 is provided between the two guide shafts 55. The driving sprocket 58 is rotatably mounted on the side of the connecting frame 63 facing away from the cooling fan. The electromagnet is mounted on the movable wheel 62, which is connected to the driving sprocket 58 via the movable shaft. The movable wheel 62 is located on the side of the connecting frame 63 facing the cooling fan. When the electromagnet operates, it generates an attractive force. A magnetic attraction element is installed on the output shaft 61 of the cooling fan, causing the movable wheel 62 and the movable axis to move along the output shaft of the cooling fan. This causes the end face of the output shaft 61 to come into contact with the movable wheel 62. The movable wheel 62 has a protrusion, and the end face of the output shaft 61 has a groove. The protrusion inserts into the groove. The output shaft 61 drives the movable wheel 62 to rotate, and the movable wheel 62 drives the drive sprocket 58 to rotate via the movable shaft. The movable shaft and the movable wheel 62 are fixedly connected, and the movable shaft and the drive sprocket 58 rotate synchronously and are relatively movable relative to each other along the axial direction of the drive sprocket 58. A spring is installed between the movable wheel 62 and the connecting frame 63. The spring is used to disengage the movable wheel 62 from the output shaft 61 of the cooling fan. When the electromagnet is de-energized, the movable wheel 62 disengages from the output shaft 61 of the cooling fan under the elastic force of the spring.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present invention, the upper end of the support base 70 is provided with two arc-shaped slides 71, and the mounting bracket 50 is connected with two arc-shaped sliding plates 75, which are respectively disposed in the two arc-shaped slides 71.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 does not rotate about its vertical axis. However, to further improve the maximum synergy between the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 and sunlight, in other embodiments of the present invention, the support base 70 includes an upper support and a lower support, with the mounting frame 50 and the arc-shaped slide rail 71 disposed on the upper support. The upper support is rotatably mounted on the lower support about its vertical axis. Further, for example, the upper end of the lower support is provided with a turbine and an arc-shaped slide rail, the axis of which coincides with the rotation axis of the upper support; a rotating frame is mounted on the arc-shaped slide rail, and a worm gear is rotatably mounted on the rotating frame; the worm gear meshes with the turbine. The rotating frame is fixedly connected to the upper support.

[0081] A first bevel gear is installed at one end of the worm gear, and a second bevel gear is driven to the output shaft 61 of the cooling fan. The second bevel gear moves with the pitch of the mounting frame 50. When the output shaft of the cooling fan rotates around the first direction, the second bevel gear rotates downward with the pitch of the mounting frame 50. When it reaches the lowest position, the electromagnet of the first clutch mechanism is de-energized, and the output shaft 61 of the cooling fan is connected to the worm gear. At this time, the second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear, driving the upper support to rotate. When the photovoltaic sub-panel 40 rotates around the vertical axis to the corresponding position, the electromagnet of the first clutch mechanism is energized, the output shaft of the cooling fan rotates around the second direction, and the second bevel gear rotates upward with the pitch of the mounting frame 50, disengaging from the first bevel gear.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the grid-connected system of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 also includes a backup battery 120 and a grid-connected battery 130. The backup battery 120 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panels; the backup battery 120 is configured to supply power to the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device, and the third heat dissipation device. Simultaneously, the backup battery 120 serves as a power supplement for the electrical device 200. The grid-connected battery 130 is electrically connected to either the backup battery 120 or the photovoltaic panels. The grid-connected battery 130 is mainly used to connect excess power generated when supplying power to the electrical device 200 to the grid, preventing power waste due to insufficient grid-connected power.

[0083] Figure 11 This is a schematic flowchart of a grid-connected control method for a distributed photovoltaic power station according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a grid-connected control method for a distributed photovoltaic power station 100, including:

[0084] Step S910: Obtain the power consumption of the electrical device 200;

[0085] Step S920: Obtain the effective power of photovoltaic power station 100;

[0086] Step S930: When the effective power is greater than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station 100 supplies power to the electrical device 200.

[0087] In step S940, when the effective power is less than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station 100 is connected to the grid, and the mains power 300 is used to supply power to the electrical device 200.

[0088] In the grid-connected control method of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 in this embodiment of the invention, since the effective power of the photovoltaic power station 100 can be obtained, when the effective power is greater than the power consumption of the electrical device 200, the photovoltaic power station 100 is used to supply power to the electrical device 200; otherwise, the mains power 300 is used to supply power to the electrical device 200. This ensures that the power supply equipment for the electrical device 200 is a single device when it is working, preventing the simultaneous use of two power supply equipment, reducing the complexity of power supply control, improving the stability of power supply, and reducing power supply costs.

[0089] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the grid connection control method for the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 further includes:

[0090] When the difference between power generation and power consumption is greater than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station 100 is used to charge the backup battery 120.

[0091] While the backup battery 120 is fully charged, the grid-connected battery 130 is charged.

[0092] Connect the electrical energy in the grid-connected battery 130 to the grid.

[0093] This configuration allows excess power to be fed into the grid when supplying power to the electrical device 200, preventing power waste caused by insufficient grid connection capacity.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of obtaining the effective power of the photovoltaic power station 100 includes:

[0095] Obtain the power generation of photovoltaic power station 100, and obtain the power consumption of photovoltaic power station 100;

[0096] To obtain the energy storage capacity and basic energy of the backup battery 120 of the photovoltaic power station 100;

[0097] The effective power is obtained by calculating the difference between power generation and power consumption, as well as the stored power and basic power.

[0098] Specifically, obtaining the power consumption of the photovoltaic power station 100 can be achieved by: obtaining the first power generation of the first area, the second power generation of the second area, and the third power generation of the third area, as well as obtaining the first power consumption of the first heat dissipation device, the second power consumption of the second heat dissipation device, and the third power consumption of the third heat dissipation device; the power generation is equal to the sum of the first power generation, the second power generation, and the third power generation, and the power consumption is equal to the sum of the first power consumption, the second power consumption, and the third power consumption.

[0099] In some embodiments of the present invention, the grid connection control method for the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 further includes:

[0100] The system acquires the ambient temperature and determines the initial heat dissipation capacity of the first, second, and third heat dissipation devices based on this temperature. A relationship table between ambient temperature and initial heat dissipation capacity is provided and can be pre-installed in the grid-connected system of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 for direct retrieval during use.

[0101] The first, second, and third heat dissipation devices are configured to dissipate heat according to their initial heat dissipation capacity.

[0102] The heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device is gradually increased within a preset time period to obtain the difference between the first power generation and the first power consumption, resulting in multiple first differences; the preset time period can be 5 minutes.

[0103] The heat dissipation capacity of the second heat dissipation device is gradually reduced within a preset time period to obtain the difference between the second power generation and the second power consumption, resulting in multiple second differences; the preset time period can be 5 minutes.

[0104] Find the maximum difference between the first and second differences;

[0105] The first, second, and third heat dissipation devices are configured to dissipate heat according to the maximum difference in their heat dissipation capacities. The process then immediately returns to the previous step, gradually increasing the heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device and gradually decreasing the heat dissipation capacity of the second heat dissipation device within a preset time period.

[0106] In this embodiment of the invention, the first and second heat dissipation devices acquire optimal heat dissipation capabilities within a preset time period, while the third heat dissipation device ensures maximum effective power consumption based on the previously determined optimal heat dissipation capability. When the first and second heat dissipation devices determine their optimal heat dissipation capabilities again, the heat dissipation capability of the third heat dissipation device is adjusted again. This setup allows for real-time adjustment, maximizing the effective power consumption without relying on traditional experience or historical data, thus ensuring maximum effective power consumption.

[0107] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, after a preset time period, the return step can gradually increase the heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device within a preset time period, and gradually decrease the heat dissipation capacity of the second heat dissipation device within a preset time period. The preset time period can be 30 minutes or 60 minutes. This setting can reduce the frequency of adjustments.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present invention, since the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 has multiple photovoltaic modules 110, the grid connection control method further includes:

[0109] Each heat dissipation unit 60 is configured in a preset order to form a first heat dissipation device and a second heat dissipation device. This means that each heat dissipation unit 60 is used to obtain optimal heat dissipation capacity during some time periods and to generate electricity during other time periods. This alternating operation prevents malfunctions that can easily occur when a heat dissipation unit 60 is only used to obtain optimal heat dissipation capacity due to frequent changes in heat dissipation capacity. Simultaneously, the modular heat dissipation design minimizes the influence between two heat dissipation units 60, achieving independent heat dissipation and preventing inaccurate acquisition of optimal heat dissipation capacity due to mutual interference. Furthermore, the cooling airflow moves from the lower side to the upper side of the photovoltaic panel, preventing the cooling airflow from accumulating on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel and ensuring a low-temperature environment there. The heated cooling airflow can quickly diffuse in the air above the photovoltaic panel, improving heat dissipation capacity.

[0110] In some embodiments of the present invention, the effective power is obtained based on the difference between power generation and power consumption, as well as the stored power and the basic power, including:

[0111] It obtains the difference between power generation and power consumption, as well as the difference between stored power and basic power. Basic power is the basic power used for equipment operation, ensuring equipment operation and preventing the equipment from being completely depleted.

[0112] When the difference between power generation and power consumption is less than the power consumption, the effective power is the difference between power generation and power consumption.

[0113] When the difference between power generation and power consumption exceeds the power consumption, the effective power is the sum of the difference between power generation and power consumption and the difference between the stored power and the basic power.

[0114] Once the effective electricity is less than the electricity consumption again, the effective electricity is the difference between the electricity generated and the electricity consumed.

[0115] In other words, in this embodiment of the invention, when a new day arrives, the effective power is first determined based on the difference between power generation and power consumption. This means that the stored power of the backup battery 120 must be used to ensure the operation of the electrical device 200, preventing power instability caused by adding stored power. When the difference between power generation and power consumption is greater than the power consumption of the electrical device 200, it indicates that the photovoltaic power station 100 has sufficient power generation capacity. Utilizing a portion of the power from the backup battery 120 then ensures the stable operation of the electrical device 200. When the effective power is insufficient, it indicates that the photovoltaic power station 100's power generation capacity is inadequate. To prevent unstable operation of the electrical device 200, the determination of the effective power is reverted to the difference between power generation and power consumption.

[0116] In some embodiments of the present invention, the third heat dissipation device corresponds to multiple photovoltaic modules 110, and the difference between the power generation and power consumption of each photovoltaic module 110 in the third region is a fourth difference, and there are multiple fourth differences. The grid connection control method for the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 further includes:

[0117] Among multiple fourth differences, the fourth difference that appears most frequently is recorded as the normal difference.

[0118] The fourth difference value whose deviation from the normal difference value exceeds 10% is recorded as an abnormal difference value.

[0119] Mark the photovoltaic module 110 corresponding to the abnormal difference;

[0120] If the number of consecutive markings on photovoltaic module 110 exceeds a preset number, it is determined that photovoltaic module 110 has malfunctioned. This embodiment of the invention can also quickly and accurately determine whether photovoltaic module 110 has malfunctioned, improving the safety and stability of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 operation.

[0121] In some embodiments of the present invention, the grid-connected system of the distributed photovoltaic power station 100 further includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the grid-connected control method of any of the above embodiments.

[0122] The computer program used to perform the operations of this invention may be assembly instructions, Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, integrated circuit configuration data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages ​​and procedural programming languages. The computer program may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the latter case, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer. In some embodiments, to perform aspects of this invention, electronic circuits, including, for example, programmable logic circuits, Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or Programmable Logic Arrays (PLAs), may execute computer-readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuits by utilizing state information from computer-readable program instructions.

[0123] For the purposes of this embodiment, memory is a tangible device capable of holding and storing computer programs. It can be any device capable of containing, storing, communicating, propagating, or transmitting programs for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples of memory (a non-exhaustive list) include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable optical disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices, and any suitable combinations thereof. Memory also provides temporary storage space for the operation of the instructions during operation. The processor is adapted to execute the stored instructions and can be a single-core processor, a multi-core processor, a computing cluster, or any number of other configurations.

[0124] Therefore, those skilled in the art should recognize that although numerous exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications conforming to the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the scope of the present invention should be understood and construed as covering all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A method for grid-connected control of a distributed photovoltaic power plant, characterized in that, The application relates to a photovoltaic power station and a grid-connected control method thereof. The application comprises the following steps: acquiring the power consumption of an electric device; acquiring the effective power of the photovoltaic power station; in the case that the effective power is more than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station is used to supply power to the electric device; in the case that the effective power is less than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station is connected to the grid, and the electric device is supplied with power by the commercial power supply; the step of acquiring the effective power of the photovoltaic power station comprises the following steps: acquiring the power generation of the photovoltaic power station and the power consumption of the photovoltaic power station; acquiring the storage power of the standby battery of the photovoltaic power station and the basic power; the effective power is obtained according to the difference between the power generation and the power consumption and the difference between the storage power and the basic power; specifically, the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is acquired, and the difference between the storage power and the basic power is acquired; when the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is less than the power consumption, the effective power is the difference between the power generation and the power consumption; when the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is greater than the power consumption, the effective power is the sum of the difference between the power generation and the power consumption and the difference between the storage power and the basic power; when the effective power is less than the power consumption again, the effective power is the difference between the power generation and the power consumption; the basic power is the basic power for equipment operation; the photovoltaic power station has a first heat dissipation device, a second heat dissipation device and a third heat dissipation device; the first heat dissipation device is used for dissipating heat of a first area of a photovoltaic panel; the second heat dissipation device is used for dissipating heat of a second area of the photovoltaic panel; and the third heat dissipation device is used for dissipating heat of a third area of the photovoltaic panel; the grid-connected control method further comprises the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, acquiring the first power generation of the first area, the second power generation of the second area and the third power generation of the third area, and acquiring the first power consumption of the first heat dissipation device, the second power consumption of the second heat dissipation device and the third power consumption of the third heat dissipation device; acquiring the ambient temperature, determining the initial heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device and the third heat dissipation device according to the ambient temperature; making the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device and the third heat dissipation device dissipate heat according to the initial heat dissipation capacity; gradually increasing the heat dissipation capacity of the first heat dissipation device in a preset time period, acquiring the difference between the first power generation and the first power consumption to obtain a plurality of first differences; gradually reducing the heat dissipation capacity of the second heat dissipation device in a preset time period, acquiring the difference between the second power generation and the second power consumption to obtain a plurality of second differences; acquiring the maximum difference between the first differences and the second differences; making the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device and the third heat dissipation device dissipate heat according to the heat dissipation capacity corresponding to the maximum difference. The application further comprises the following steps: in the case that the difference between the power generation and the power consumption is greater than the power consumption, the photovoltaic power station is used to charge the standby battery. Charging the grid-connected battery when the backup battery is full; Grid-connecting the electrical energy in the grid-connected battery. 3.The grid-connected control method of the distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 2, wherein the power generation amount is equal to the sum of the first power generation amount, the second power generation amount and the third power generation amount, and the power consumption amount is equal to the sum of the first power consumption amount, the second power consumption amount and the third power consumption amount. The photovoltaic power station, the commercial power, the electrical device, the storage, the processor and the computer program stored in the storage are included, and the processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the grid-connected control method in any one of claims 1 to 3.

4. A grid-connected system of a distributed photovoltaic power plant, characterized by, The photovoltaic power station comprises:

5. The grid-connected system of a distributed photovoltaic power plant according to claim 4, characterized in that, a photovoltaic panel configured to receive irradiation of sunlight to generate electrical energy; a first heat dissipation device arranged on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from a first area on the photovoltaic panel; a second heat dissipation device arranged on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from a second area on the photovoltaic panel; a third heat dissipation device arranged on the photovoltaic panel to dissipate heat from a third area on the photovoltaic panel. 6.The grid-connected system of the distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 5, wherein the first area and the second area have equal areas, and the ratio between the first area and the area of the photovoltaic panel is 3% to 6%. Further comprising: a backup battery electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel, the backup battery being configured to supply power to the first heat dissipation device, the second heat dissipation device and the third heat dissipation device; 7. The grid-connected system of a distributed photovoltaic power plant according to claim 5, characterized in that, a grid-connected battery electrically connected to the backup battery or the photovoltaic panel. ​ ​

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