Prefabricated aluminum formwork and matched aluminum formwork stair construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a prefabricated aluminum formwork and an aluminum formwork stair construction method matched with the prefabricated aluminum formwork, and relates to the technical field of aluminum formwork combination.The prefabricated aluminum formwork comprises an assembled side wall plate, an assembled step mold and a transverse fastener arranged on the back face of the assembled side wall plate, and the assembled side wall plate comprises a plurality of wall plate units which are mutually spliced; the adjacent wallboard units are fixedly connected through screws penetrating through the threaded lock holes of the outer frames of the wallboard units. Longitudinal reinforcing rods are arranged on the back faces of the wallboard units, the transverse fasteners comprise transverse reinforcing strips, and the transverse reinforcing strips span the multiple wallboard units and are connected with the longitudinal reinforcing rods on the transverse reinforcing strips in a clamped mode. One end of the inclined strut is fixed to the transverse reinforcing strip, the other end of the inclined strut is fixed to the ground surface, and an anchor rod is fixed to the interior of the splicing side wall plate in a penetrating mode. The assembling step mold is fixed to the front face of the assembling side wall plate through an anchor rod. The lateral fence has the effect of enhancing the stability and safety of the lateral fence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum formwork combinations, in particular to a prefabricated aluminum formwork and a matching aluminum formwork staircase construction method. Background Art

[0002] The full name of aluminum alloy formwork is aluminum alloy formwork for concrete engineering. It is a new generation of formwork system after plywood formwork, combined steel formwork system, steel frame wood plywood system, large formwork system and early dismantling formwork system. Aluminum alloy formwork uses aluminum alloy profiles as the main material. It is a formwork suitable for concrete engineering made through machining and welding processes. It is designed according to the 50mm module and is composed of panels, ribs, main profiles, plane formwork, corner formwork and early dismantling device.

[0003] However, during the current assembly and construction of aluminum-formed stairs, one side of the main formwork is fixed to the wall, while its lateral support is only attached to the staircase formwork structure on one side. This support method results in insufficient structural rigidity and uneven load distribution, which can easily lead to longitudinal instability or even collapse, and significantly reduces the stability of the entire system. Given that construction is often carried out at high altitudes, these structural defects significantly increase the risk of falling personnel and materials, posing a serious threat to construction safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a prefabricated aluminum formwork and a matching aluminum formwork staircase construction method, which has the effect of enhancing the stability and safety of lateral enclosures.

[0005] This application provides a prefabricated aluminum formwork and a matching aluminum formwork staircase construction method, which adopts the following technical solutions: A prefabricated aluminum formwork and a method for constructing a matching aluminum formwork staircase, wherein a prefabricated aluminum formwork comprises an assembled side wall panel, an assembled step mold and a transverse fastener arranged on the back of the assembled side wall panel, the assembled side wall panel comprises a plurality of wall panel units spliced ​​together, and adjacent wall panel units are fixedly connected by screws passing through threaded lock holes of their outer frames; a longitudinal reinforcement rod is arranged on the back of the wall panel unit, and the transverse fastener comprises a transverse reinforcement strip, which spans a plurality of wall panel units and is engaged with the longitudinal reinforcement rod on the transverse reinforcement strip; a retractable diagonal brace is arranged at the lower end of the transverse reinforcement strip, one end of the diagonal brace is fixed to the transverse reinforcement strip, and the other end of the diagonal brace is fixed to the ground surface, and an anchor rod is fixed through the interior of the assembled side wall panel; the assembled step mold is fixed to the front of the assembled side wall panel by the anchor rod, and the top and bottom of the assembled step mold are connected to the platform mold.

[0006] Preferably, the transverse reinforcement strip is provided with a plurality of blocks, the interior of the blocks is provided with a slot matching the longitudinal reinforcement rod, a locking bolt is provided in the slot, and the locking bolt is threadedly connected to the bolt hole on the longitudinal reinforcement rod.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping block is slidably adjusted along the length direction of the transverse reinforcement strip and is fixed to the transverse reinforcement strip by welding.

[0008] Preferably, a longitudinal support column is provided directly below the assembled step mold, and a fastening cylinder matching the anchor rod is provided on the top of the longitudinal support column.

[0009] Preferably, the longitudinal support column includes an external support tube and an internal support column telescopically arranged in the external support tube. Both the external support tube and the internal support column are provided with axially arranged locking holes, and pins are passed through the locking holes to fix the relative heights of the two.

[0010] Preferably, the assembled step mold includes a bottom mold, a side mold and a tread mold. The side molds are fixed at both ends of the bottom mold and are connected to the assembled side wall panels through anchor rods penetrating the side molds. The tread mold is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom mold to form a casting cavity.

[0011] Preferably, an anchor groove is provided on the lower surface of the bottom mold, an arc-shaped sealing piece is hinged at the opening of the anchor groove, and the arc-shaped sealing piece is fixed to the bottom mold by bolts and engages with the anchor rod.

[0012] Preferably, the tread mold includes an L-shaped steel and a pedal, the bottom of the L-shaped steel is provided with a special-shaped slide groove, the upper surface of the bottom mold is provided with a special-shaped block matching the special-shaped slide groove, and the L-shaped steel is positioned by sliding the special-shaped slide groove and the special-shaped block.

[0013] Preferably, concave steels are fixed at both ends of the side formwork, transverse ribs are welded between the concave steels, and the anchor rods pass through the assembled side wall panels and are distributed at equal intervals along the long side direction of the side panels.

[0014] Preferably, a method for constructing a matching aluminum formwork staircase is based on the above-mentioned prefabricated aluminum formwork, and its construction steps include: S1: Install and assemble side wall panels; Use external lifting equipment to assemble and align the wall panel units, and assemble the wall panel units into shape using screws. Use transverse fasteners to lock several horizontally distributed wall panel units horizontally, and finally use diagonal braces to further enhance the stability of the assembled side wall panels. S2: Anchor rods are set along the path; According to the positioning, locate and mark the position of the anchor holes for the anchor rods to pass through on the assembled side wall panels. After determining the position of the assembled step mold and platform mold, pass the anchor rods through the anchor holes and fix them on the assembled side wall panels; S3: Install the platform mold; Install the positioning on the platform mold on the anchor rod, so that the platform mold is fixed on the horizontally distributed anchor rod by welding, and fixed on the platform mold with the help of the longitudinal support column at the bottom of the platform mold; S4: Install and assemble the step mold; Slide the assembled side mold onto the anchor rod so that the bottom and top of the side mold connect with the upper and lower platform molds respectively. Initially position it on the anchor rod through the arc-shaped sealing piece on the bottom mold and fasten it to the anchor rod with the fastening cylinder on the top of the longitudinal support column. After the bottom formwork is installed, align the L-shaped steel bottom special-shaped chute with the special-shaped block, apply force to make the L-shaped steel slide along the special-shaped block and initially position it on the upper surface of the bottom formwork, then hoist and install the pedal on the receiving surface of the L-shaped steel and fix it with bolts. After installing the other side formwork, a step casting cavity is formed between the bottom formwork, L-shaped steel, one side formwork, the other side formwork and the pedal. S5: embedded prestressed steel bars; The prestressed steel bar is inserted into a special prestressed steel bar channel provided in the side formwork, and one end of the prestressed steel bar is fixed to one side formwork through a clip-type anchor at the end of the prestressed steel bar. The prestressed steel bar is tensioned with the help of an external tensioning device to generate prestress in the prestressed steel bar, and then fixed to the other side formwork through a clip-type anchor. S6: pouring concrete; The prepared concrete is poured into the step casting cavity and the platform mold through the casting holes in the pedal. After vibration, a stable staircase structure is formed.

[0015] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The assembled side wall panels, which are assembled from several wall panel units, can effectively serve as lateral enclosures. The transverse reinforcement strips are used to bite and fix several transversely connected wall panel units, thereby forming a "skeleton" on the back of the assembled side wall panels, which provides overall transverse constraints and support for the wall panel units. With the help of retractable and fixable diagonal braces, the structure forms multiple stable triangles between the transverse reinforcement strips and the ground surface. This ensures a stable and easy-to-assemble and disassemble wall panel structure, thereby significantly improving the stability and safety of the overall system and greatly reducing the risk of people falling and materials falling.

[0016] 2. The positions on the assembled step mold and platform mold are located by anchor rods. The anchor rods tightly connect the two side molds and the assembled side wall panels into a stable whole. This connection method makes the mold less likely to move during the casting and curing process, ensuring the consistency of the size and shape of the steps. The anchor rods are evenly distributed along the long side of the side panel, which ensures that the entire mold is evenly stressed and the support effect is consistent.

[0017] 3. Through the quick installation and removal of the tread formwork, the L-shaped steel, pedal and bottom formwork are quickly assembled to form a simple and efficient installation method. Specifically, the slide-in design allows the L-shaped steel to be quickly aligned and initially positioned. Compared with the traditional method that requires precise alignment of multiple holes or complex fixtures, it greatly shortens the assembly time and improves production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the prefabricated aluminum template in this embodiment; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall connection structure between the transverse fastener and the prefabricated aluminum formwork in this embodiment; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the side mold in this embodiment; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tread mold in this embodiment; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the longitudinal support column in this embodiment; Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Assembling side wall panels; 101. Wall panel unit; 102. Outer frame; 103. Longitudinal reinforcement rod; 2. Transverse fastener; 201. Transverse reinforcement strip; 202. Block; 203. Diagonal brace; 3. Assembling step mold; 4. Platform mold; 401. Bottom mold; 402. Side mold; 40201. Side panel; 40202. Concave steel; 40203. Transverse rib; 403. Tread mold; 40301. L-shaped steel; 40302. Pedal; 40303, special-shaped slide; 40304, receiving surface; 40305, casting hole; 40306, overflow hole; 40307, ​​vibrating hole; 40308, web reinforcement plate; 40309, I-beam; 404, anchor groove; 405, arc-shaped sealing piece; 406, special-shaped block; 5, anchor rod; 6, longitudinal support column; 601, base; 602, sleeve; 603, external support cylinder; 604, internal support column; 605, lock hole; 606, pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technicians in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content. Example

[0020] The present invention discloses a prefabricated aluminum formwork and a matching aluminum formwork staircase construction method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the prefabricated aluminum formwork includes assembled side wall panels 1. The assembled side wall panels 1 are made of aluminum alloy, which has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, and corrosion resistance. This makes the formwork easy to carry, install, and use for a long time. The assembled side wall panels 1 include a number of wall panel units 101 that are spliced ​​together. The wall panel units 101 are standardized rectangular modules that are easy to produce, transport, and assemble. A single wall panel unit 101 has a rectangular structure. The interior of the outer frame 102 is provided with a threaded lock hole 605. The threaded lock holes 605 of the outer frames 102 of adjacent wall panel units 101 are fixedly connected by screws. The threaded lock holes 605 on the outer frame 102 and the screws constitute a reliable connection method. The screws pass through the threaded lock holes 605 on the outer frames 102 of adjacent wall panel units 101. By tightening the screws, the adjacent units are tightly fitted to form an integrated side wall formwork. This connection method is simple, fast, reusable, and provides sufficient connection strength.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, several wall panel units 101 distributed in horizontal rows are fixedly connected by transverse fasteners 2. Specifically, a longitudinal reinforcement rod 103 is provided on one back side of the wall panel unit 101, and the longitudinal reinforcement rod 103 and the transverse fastener 2 are engaged with each other. The longitudinal reinforcement rod 103 is provided to improve the local stiffness of a single wall panel unit 101, prevent deformation when subjected to force, and provide a standardized and uniform connection point for the transverse fastener 2.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, specifically, the transverse fastener 2 includes a transverse reinforcement strip 201, which spans across multiple wall panel units 101 arranged in horizontal rows, connecting the plurality of wall panel units 101 as a whole from the back. This is equivalent to forming a "skeleton" on the back of the assembled side wall panel 1, providing overall transverse restraint and support for the wall panel units 101. The transverse reinforcement strip 201 is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks 202, each of which is provided with a clamping slot that matches the longitudinal reinforcement rod 103. The interior of the clamping slot is provided with a locking bolt, which matches the bolt hole provided on the longitudinal reinforcement rod 103. When the transverse reinforcement strip 201 is placed in place, the clamping slot will accurately "bite" or "hold" the longitudinal reinforcement rod 103, achieving preliminary positioning and partial fixation. This bite design ensures the accuracy and reliability of the connection. By tightening the locking bolt, a rigid, immovable connection is formed between the transverse reinforcement strip 201 and the longitudinal reinforcement rod 103. This effectively binds adjacent panel units 101 and the longitudinal support structure together into a stronger, more unified whole.

[0023] like Figure 2As shown, the block 202 is set for sliding adjustment on the transverse reinforcement strip 201, which can effectively and flexibly adjust the spacing of the longitudinal reinforcement rods 103 and is suitable for longitudinal reinforcement rods 103 with different spacings. With the help of welding equipment, the block 202 is welded to the transverse reinforcement strip 201.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the transverse reinforcement strips 201 are connected to retractable and fixable diagonal braces 203, evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the transverse reinforcement strips 201. One end of the diagonal brace 203 is fixed to the transverse reinforcement strips 201 and is coplanar with the clamping block 202, while the other end of the diagonal brace 203 is fixed to the ground. By introducing the diagonal braces 203, the structure forms multiple stable triangles between the transverse reinforcement strips 201 and the ground. When horizontal forces (such as wind, earthquakes, or other lateral loads) act on the structure, these triangles decompose the horizontal forces into tensile or compressive forces along the diagonal braces 203 and effectively transmit these forces to the ground. This "retractable" feature allows the length of the diagonal braces 203 to be adjusted, which is important for adapting to different terrain conditions, adjusting preload, and facilitating installation and removal.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it also includes an assembled step mold 3, which is fixedly connected to a front side of the assembled side wall panel 1. The top and bottom of the assembled step mold 3 are connected to the platform mold 4. By combining the pre-designed and manufactured assembled step mold 3 and platform mold 4 on the assembled side wall panel 1, a closed or semi-closed cavity is formed. When concrete is poured into these molds, it will solidify according to the shape of the mold, and finally form stair treads and platforms with the required size and shape. One side of the platform mold 4 and the assembled step mold 3 are fixed to the front side of the assembled side wall panel 1 by anchor rods 5, and the assembled step mold 3 is parallel to the ground surface and fixed by anchor rods 5, which is the key to providing connection strength and stability. The anchor rods 5 firmly connect the step mold and platform mold 4 to the side wall panel to ensure that they will not shift or expand under the weight and pressure of the concrete.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, further, the assembled step mold 3 includes a bottom mold 401 , side molds 402 arranged at both ends of the assembled bottom mold 401 , and a step mold 403 arranged on the upper surface of the assembled bottom mold 401 .

[0027] like Figure 3As shown, the side formwork 402 specifically includes several side panels 40201, each with a cog-shaped steel bar 40202 fixedly mounted at both ends. The cog-shaped steel bars 40202 of adjacent side panels 40201 are welded together, and the cog-shaped steel bars 40202 of the same side panel 40201 are welded together using transverse ribs 40203. Anchor rods 5 extend through the assembled side wall panel 1 and between the two side forms 402, providing support. The anchor rods 5 are evenly spaced along the long sides of the side panels 40201. The two side forms 402 are mounted on the assembled side wall panel 1 via the anchor rods 5. The anchor rods 5 then extend between the two side forms 402 and are secured with nuts and washers. By tightening the anchor rods 5, the distance between the two side forms 402 can be precisely controlled, thereby determining the width of the poured concrete step. When concrete is poured into the mold, hydrostatic pressure is generated. The anchor rod 5 effectively resists the outward expansion pressure through its tensioning action, thereby preventing the side form 402 from being deformed or bulging.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, an anchor groove 404 is provided on the lower surface of the bottom mold 401, and the anchor groove 404 is clamped with the anchor rod 5, and a rotatable arc-shaped sealing member 405 is provided at the notch position of the anchor groove 404, and one end of the arc-shaped sealing member 405 is hinged to the anchor groove 404, and the other end of the arc-shaped sealing member 405 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom mold 401 by bolts.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, first, the anchor rod 5 can slide into or fall into the anchor groove 404 relatively quickly to achieve preliminary positioning and support, forming a pre-connection. Once the anchor rod 5 is in place, the rotatable arc-shaped sealing member 405 is rotated to the closed position, and its arc-shaped structure can tightly cover or resist a portion of the anchor rod 5. Due to its arc-shaped design, it can better adapt to the circular cross-section of the anchor rod 5 and provide a more fitting lock. The other end of the arc-shaped sealing member 405 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom mold 401 by bolts. The arc-shaped sealing member 405 is firmly fixed in the closed state, thereby locking the anchor rod 5 firmly inside the anchor groove 404. When the mold needs to be removed, just loosen and remove the bolt, and then rotate the arc-shaped sealing member 405 open to quickly release the anchor rod 5 and achieve rapid disassembly of the mold.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the snap-fitting of the anchor groove 404, the covering of the arc-shaped sealing member 405, and the tightening of the bolts form a secure connection point with multiple safeguards. This enables the bottom form 401, the anchor rod 5, and the entire side form 402 system to form an extremely stable whole, effectively resisting the tremendous pressure generated during concrete pouring and preventing deformation or displacement of the mold.

[0031] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the tread mold 403 includes an L-shaped steel 40301 and a pedal 40302. The bottom of the L-shaped steel 40301 is provided with a special-shaped slide groove 40303, and the upper surface of the bottom mold 401 is provided with special-shaped blocks 406 matching the special-shaped slide groove 40303 at equal intervals. After the bottom mold 401 is installed, the special-shaped slide groove 40303 at the bottom of the L-shaped steel 40301 is aligned with the special-shaped block 406, and force is applied to make the L-shaped steel 40301 slide along the special-shaped block 406 and initially positioned on the upper surface of the bottom mold 401.

[0032] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the special-shaped groove 40303 at the bottom of the L-shaped steel 40301 and the special-shaped block 406 on the upper surface of the base mold 401 have complementary shapes. When the L-shaped steel 40301 slides along the special-shaped block 406, these two complementary special-shaped structures tightly engage, forming a mechanical lock. This interlocking effect effectively restricts the freedom of the L-shaped steel 40301 in directions perpendicular to the sliding direction, thereby providing initial stability and fixation. When external force is applied to cause the L-shaped steel 40301 to slide, the special-shaped block 406 guides the L-shaped steel 40301 along a predetermined trajectory and direction. This guidance ensures that the L-shaped steel 40301 is automatically aligned and corrected before reaching its final position, achieving quick and accurate initial positioning. Initial positioning means that it is already in a stable and correct starting position before being fully secured.

[0033] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the slide-in design allows L-shaped steel 40301 to be quickly aligned and initially positioned. Compared to traditional methods that require precise alignment of multiple holes or complex fixtures, this significantly shortens assembly time and improves production efficiency. Once L-shaped steel 40301 is slid into place, the interlocking, shaped structure effectively resists vertical lifting forces and lateral shear forces, providing excellent initial stability and structural rigidity for the entire tread 403 system.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the top of the L-shaped steel 40301 is bent 90° to form a receiving surface 40304, and one side of the pedal 40302 is fixedly connected to the receiving surface 40304 of the L-shaped steel 40301 by a plurality of bolts. The other side of the pedal 40302 is tightly attached to another L-shaped steel 40301 and is fixedly connected by bolts. A step casting cavity is formed between the bottom mold 401, the L-shaped steel 40301 and the pedal 40302, and the interior of the pedal 40302 is provided with a casting hole 40305, an overflow hole 40306 and a vibration hole 40307.

[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the 90° bend at the top of L-shaped steel 40301 creates a flat receiving surface 40304, to which one side of tread 40302 is bolted. This effectively defines the right-angle transition between the riser of the vertical portion of the step and the tread of the horizontal portion, forming a complete step profile. The other side of tread 40302 is abutted and bolted to another L-shaped steel 40301. This means that one tread 40302 spans and connects two L-shaped steels 40301, with the L-shaped steels 40301 serving as support and side enclosure. This layout is key to modular repetition. By connecting multiple L-shaped steels 40301 and treads 40302 in series, a continuous staircase or landing of the desired length can be easily constructed. The base formwork 401 provides bottom support, the L-shaped steel 40301 serves as the sidewalls and riser / support structure, and the tread 40302 forms the top of the tread. These three elements work together to enclose the negative space of the desired step, known as the casting cavity. When concrete or other castable material is poured into this cavity, the desired step entity is formed.

[0036] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, by simply increasing or decreasing or adjusting the number and arrangement of L-shaped steel 40301 and pedals 40302, steps of different lengths, heights or numbers can be flexibly manufactured, which greatly improves the applicability of the mold.

[0037] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, specifically, pouring hole 40305 serves as the entrance for concrete and slurry to enter the casting cavity. Pouring hole 40305 is located near one end of pedal 40302. When the poured material reaches a predetermined height, excess material, including trapped air and a small amount of scum, overflows from overflow hole 40306 located at the other end of pedal 40302. This serves as a visual indicator and pressure relief mechanism, signaling full casting while simultaneously discharging air and slurry from within the mold, preventing mold deformation or bubbles in the product due to excessive internal pressure.

[0038] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, during the material pouring process, the operator inserts a vibrating device into the vibrating hole 40307 to vibrate the interior of the poured material. This is used to densify the poured material, physically disturbing it to rearrange the aggregates, remove trapped bubbles, and ensure that the material is more evenly filled into every corner of the mold.

[0039] like Figure 4As shown, the bent portion of the L-shaped steel 40301 and the supporting surface 40304 are fixedly connected by several web reinforcement plates 40308. The bent portion of the L-shaped steel 40301 is a region of the structure prone to stress concentration, especially when subjected to vertical or torsional loads. By providing additional support and a connecting surface, the web reinforcement plates 40308 evenly transfer the forces acting on the bent portion to the rest of the L-shaped steel 40301 and the supporting surface 40304, effectively dispersing the stress and preventing localized excessive stress from causing structural failure.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, the upper surface of footboard 40302 is equipped with an I-beam 40309, which is compatible with external lifting equipment. I-beam 40309 is welded to the upper surface of footboard 40302. The unique cross-sectional shape of I-beam 40309 makes it an ideal lifting point. Its flanges (upper and lower wide edges) and web (center connecting portion) perfectly match various standard hooks, slings, or lifting equipment (such as C-hooks and wire ropes), forming a stable connection.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, I-beam 40309, as an efficient bending-resistant member, can evenly diffuse and transfer the concentrated force applied by the lifting equipment to a larger area of ​​pedal 40302 through its own web and flange, thereby avoiding local damage caused by the lifting force directly acting on the surface of pedal 40302.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the structure further includes retractable longitudinal support columns 6, which are evenly distributed directly below the assembly step mold 3 and the platform mold 4 and are used to longitudinally support the assembly step mold 3 and the platform mold 4. The longitudinal support columns 6 include a base 601 fixed to the ground by bolts, and a sleeve 602 is provided on the upper surface of the base 601. The internal thread of the sleeve 602 is connected to an external support cylinder 603. The external support cylinder 603 has a special-shaped hole inside. The special-shaped hole of the external support cylinder 603 is slidably adjusted to match the internal support column 604 of the special-shaped hole, so that the internal support column 604 can slide vertically in the external support cylinder 603 to achieve telescopic adjustment. At the same time, the special-shaped hole and the matching shape effectively prevent the internal support column 604 from rotating relative to the external support cylinder 603, ensuring the stability and directionality of the support. A fastening cylinder matching the anchor rod 5 is provided on the top of the built-in support column 604. The fastening cylinder is specially designed to match and connect with the anchor rod 5 so as to transfer the load to the support column.

[0043] like Figure 5As shown, further, a locking hole 605 is provided inside the external support tube 603 and the internal support column 604, and a pin 606 in the locking hole 605 is used to adjust and fix the relative height of the external support tube 603 and the internal support column 604.

[0044] A series of locking holes 605, spaced evenly or unevenly along the length of the external support tube 603 and the internal support column 604, are pre-set. These locking holes 605 are mating, meaning that when the internal support column 604 slides to a specific height, a locking hole 605 on it will align with a locking hole 605 on the external support tube 603. The insertion of a pin 606 physically connects the internal support column 604 and the external support tube 603, forming a rigid connection point.

[0045] Based on prefabricated aluminum formwork, the construction method of the prefabricated aluminum formwork staircase includes the following steps: S1: Install and assemble side wall panel 1; First, with the help of professional external lifting machinery and equipment, the prefabricated wall panel unit 101 is accurately positioned and hoisted into position.

[0046] Subsequently, high-strength screws are used to achieve structural fixation between adjacent wall panel units 101. In this way, the independent units are reliably connected together, initially constructing the structural framework of the wall and forming its basic form.

[0047] On this basis, by deploying transverse fasteners 2, a plurality of wall panel units 101 linearly arranged along the horizontal axis are transversely interlocked.

[0048] Finally, to significantly enhance the overall lateral stiffness and structural stability of the assembled sidewall system, diagonal braces 203 will be strategically introduced and installed. These braces 203 systematically reinforce the wall's structural framework by providing additional triangular stabilization, ensuring its long-term safe and reliable operation under various working conditions. S2: Anchor rod 5 is set along the line; First, according to the precise positioning requirements of the design drawings and construction plan, the anchor holes on the prefabricated side wall panels 1 where the anchor rods 5 will be connected are measured and accurately marked on site. This step is the basis for ensuring the accuracy of subsequent component installation.

[0049] After that, after strict on-site verification and precise confirmation of the final installation position of the assembled step mold and the platform mold 4, ensure that their geometric dimensions, elevations and plane positions meet the design requirements.

[0050] Finally, the load-bearing anchor rods 5 are precisely inserted through the measured and marked anchor holes. Subsequently, specialized fastening methods are used to securely and reliably anchor the anchor rods 5 to the main structure of the assembled side wall panels 1. This operation ensures a stable, high-strength connection and precise positioning between the mold and the side wall panels, providing solid support for subsequent concrete pouring and other structural processes.

[0051] S3: Installing platform mold 4; First, the positioning structure or interface system preset on the platform mold 4 is accurately aligned and installed on the pre-buried or preset anchor rods 5 .

[0052] Then, through a professional structural welding process, the platform mold 4 is welded to the anchor bolts evenly distributed along the horizontal axis to achieve permanent consolidation between the two.

[0053] At the same time, the longitudinal support columns 6 at the bottom of the platform mold 4 provide critical bottom vertical support.

[0054] S4: Install and assemble the step mold 3; Slide the pre-assembled side mold 402 onto the anchor rod 5, so that the bottom and top of the side mold 402 are connected to the upper and lower platform molds 4 respectively. Preliminarily position it on the anchor rod 5 through the arc-shaped sealing piece 405 on the bottom mold 401, and fasten it to the anchor rod 5 with the fastening cylinder on the top of the longitudinal support column 6; After base mold 401 is installed and meets design requirements, the prefabricated guide grooves on the bottom of L-shaped steel 40301 are precisely aligned with the shaped positioning blocks fixed to base mold 401. By applying appropriate force, L-shaped steel 40301 slides along the guide tracks of the shaped positioning blocks until it is pre-positioned and securely supported on the upper surface of base mold 401.

[0055] Next, the prefabricated pedal 40302 unit was precisely hoisted onto the bearing surface of the L-shaped steel 40301 using lifting equipment. High-strength bolts were used for reliable mechanical connection and fastening, ensuring that the pedal 40302 and the L-shaped steel 40301 formed a solid whole.

[0056] After completing the installation of the L-shaped steel 40301 and the tread 40302, follow the same procedure to install the other side formwork 402. At this point, the bottom formwork 401, L-shaped steel 40301, the installed side formwork 402 plates, and the tread 40302 units will be precisely enclosed, forming a sealed concrete pouring cavity that meets the design requirements and is dimensionalally accurate, preparing for subsequent concrete pouring.

[0057] S5: embedded steel bars; First, high-strength prestressed tendons are precisely threaded or guided through dedicated prestressed tendon channels meticulously pre-designed within the side formwork 402. Subsequently, one end of the tendon is securely anchored to the anchorage end of one of the side formwork 402 plates using a suitable clip-on anchor. This initial anchorage point will serve as the reaction support point for subsequent tensioning forces.

[0058] Next, the initially anchored prestressed tendons are precisely tensioned using high-precision external hydraulic tensioning equipment. This process strictly adheres to design specifications, ensuring that the desired compressive stress within the tendons, meeting the design value, is established through real-time monitoring of the tensioning force and tendon elongation. The tensioning process should be smooth and continuous, avoiding over- or under-tensioning to ensure uniformity and effectiveness of the prestressing effect.

[0059] Once the prestressing force of the tendons reaches the design requirements and has been stabilized by the necessary load holding, the other end of the tendons is immediately and securely anchored to the corresponding anchor end of the other side formwork 402 using the appropriate anchor. Once the anchor is locked, the tensioning device can be released. At this point, the tensioning force within the tendons is converted into a continuous prestressing stress on the concrete member, thus giving the structure the ability to resist external loads.

[0060] S6: pouring concrete; After ensuring that the concrete mixture has been accurately prepared according to the designed mix ratio, it should be immediately injected into the pre-built step casting cavity and the platform mold 4 through the preset casting hole 40305 in a controlled manner, accurately and evenly.

[0061] After the vibration compaction process, the concrete will undergo a hydration and hardening process and finally solidify to form an integral staircase component with precise geometric dimensions, good surface quality, and fully meet the structural bearing capacity and stability design requirements.

[0062] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A prefabricated aluminum formwork, characterized in that: The invention comprises an assembled side wall panel (1), an assembled step mold (3), and a transverse fastener (2) arranged on the back of the assembled side wall panel (1), wherein the assembled side wall panel (1) comprises a plurality of mutually spliced ​​wall panel units (101), and adjacent wall panel units (101) are fixedly connected by screws passing through threaded lock holes (605) of their outer frames (102); a longitudinal reinforcement rod (103) is arranged on the back of the wall panel unit (101), and the transverse fastener (2) comprises a transverse reinforcement strip (201), and the transverse reinforcement strip (201) spans across the plurality of wall panel units (1 01) and is engaged with the longitudinal reinforcement rod (103) on the transverse reinforcement strip (201); a retractable diagonal brace (203) is provided at the lower end of the transverse reinforcement strip (201), one end of the diagonal brace (203) is fixed to the transverse reinforcement strip (201), and the other end of the diagonal brace (203) is fixed to the ground surface; an anchor rod (5) is fixed through the interior of the assembled side wall panel (1); the assembled step mold (3) is fixed to the front face of the assembled side wall panel (1) through the anchor rod (5), and the top and bottom of the assembled step mold (3) are both connected to the platform mold (4).

2. The prefabricated aluminum formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse reinforcement strip (201) is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks (202), the interior of each clamping block (202) is provided with a clamping slot matching the longitudinal reinforcement rod (103), a locking bolt is provided in the clamping slot, and the locking bolt is threadedly connected to the bolt hole on the longitudinal reinforcement rod (103).

3. The prefabricated aluminum formwork according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping block (202) is slidably adjusted along the length direction of the transverse reinforcement strip (201) and is fixed to the transverse reinforcement strip (201) by welding.

4. The prefabricated aluminum formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that A longitudinal support column (6) is provided directly below the assembled step mold (3), and a fastening cylinder matching the anchor rod (5) is provided on the top of the longitudinal support column (6).

5. The prefabricated aluminum formwork according to claim 4, characterized in that: The longitudinal support column (6) comprises an external support tube (603) and an internal support column (604) telescopically arranged in the external support tube (603), wherein the external support tube (603) and the internal support column (604) are both provided with locking holes (605) arranged along the axial direction, and pins (606) are inserted into the locking holes (605) to fix the relative height of the two.

6. The prefabricated aluminum formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembled step mold (3) comprises a bottom mold (401), a side mold (402) and a tread mold (403); the side molds (402) are fixed at both ends of the bottom mold (401) and connected to the assembled side wall panels (1) through anchor rods (5) penetrating the side molds (402); and the tread mold (403) is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom mold (401) to form a casting cavity.

7. The prefabricated aluminum formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that: An anchor groove (404) is provided on the lower surface of the bottom mold (401), and an arc-shaped sealing member (405) is hinged at the opening of the anchor groove (404). The arc-shaped sealing member (405) is fixed to the bottom mold (401) by bolts and is buckled with the anchor rod (5).

8. The prefabricated aluminum formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that The tread mold (403) comprises an L-shaped steel (40301) and a tread (40302); a special-shaped chute (40303) is provided at the bottom of the L-shaped steel (40301); a special-shaped block (406) matching the special-shaped chute (40303) is provided on the upper surface of the bottom mold (401); the L-shaped steel (40301) is positioned in cooperation with the special-shaped block (406) by sliding the special-shaped chute (40303).

9. The prefabricated aluminum formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that: Concave steels (40202) are fixed at both ends of the side formwork (402), transverse ribs (40203) are welded between the concave steels (40202), and the anchor rods (5) penetrate the assembled side wall panels (1) and are distributed at equal intervals along the long side direction of the side panels (40201).

10. A method for constructing a staircase using a matching aluminum formwork, based on the prefabricated aluminum formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The construction steps include: S1: Install and assemble the side wall panels (1); By means of external lifting equipment, the wall panel units (101) are assembled and aligned, and the wall panel units (101) are assembled into shape by screws, and a plurality of wall panel units (101) distributed in a horizontal row are laterally locked by means of transverse fasteners (2), and finally, diagonal braces (203) are used to further enhance the stability of the assembled side wall panels (1); S2: Anchor rods (5) are installed along the path; According to the positioning, the position of the anchor hole for the anchor rod (5) to pass through of the assembled side wall plate (1) is located and marked, and after determining the position of the assembled step mold (3) and the platform mold (4), the anchor rod (5) is passed through the anchor hole and fixed on the assembled side wall plate (1); S3: Installing the platform mold (4); The positioning part on the platform mold (4) is mounted on the anchor rod (5), so that the platform mold (4) is fixed on the anchor rod (5) horizontally distributed by welding, and the platform mold (4) is fixed with the help of the longitudinal support column (6) at the bottom of the platform mold (4); S4: Installing the tread mold (3); The assembled side mold (402) is slidably inserted on the anchor rod (5) so that the bottom and top of the side mold (402) are respectively connected to the upper and lower platform molds (4), and is initially positioned on the anchor rod (5) through the arc-shaped sealing member (405) on the bottom mold (401), and is fastened to the anchor rod (5) by means of the fastening cylinder at the top of the longitudinal support column (6); After the bottom mold (401) is installed, the special-shaped chute (40303) at the bottom of the L-shaped steel (40301) is aligned with the special-shaped block (406), and force is applied to make the L-shaped steel (40301) slide along the special-shaped block (406) and initially positioned on the upper surface of the bottom mold (401). Subsequently, the pedal (40302) is hoisted and installed on the receiving surface (40304) of the L-shaped steel (40301) and fixedly connected by bolts. After the other side mold (402) is installed, a step casting cavity is formed between the bottom mold (401), the L-shaped steel (40301), the one side mold (402), the other side mold (402) and the pedal (40302); S5: embedded prestressed steel bars; The prestressed steel bar is inserted into a special prestressed steel bar channel provided in the side form (402), and one end of the prestressed steel bar is fixed to one side form (402) by a clip-type anchor at the end of the prestressed steel bar, and the prestressed steel bar is tensioned by an external tensioning device to generate prestress in the prestressed steel bar, and is fixed to the other side form (402) by the clip-type anchor; S6: pouring concrete; The prepared concrete is poured into the step casting cavity and the platform mold (4) through the casting hole (40305) in the pedal (40302), and after vibration, a stable staircase structure is formed.

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