High negative pressure environment air particulate matter sampler

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of environmental monitoring technology, and particularly relates to a high negative pressure ambient air particulate matter sampler. Addressing the challenges of achieving dual-mode sampling, anti-interference graded cutting, dynamic flow balancing, and constant temperature sealing, the following solution is proposed: a sampling shell, a sampling head, a pipeline assembly, a sampling bottle base, and a sampling bottle. This invention enables graded sampling of particulate matter of different sizes. The pipeline assembly includes a three-way diversion pipe and a dynamic flow balancing unit to ensure consistent airflow in both paths. The switching branch pipe allows for automatic replacement of the sampling bottle. The sampling bottle base, through a bottle body positioning sleeve, an annular electromagnetic heating plate, a connector positioning sleeve, and an annular fixing bladder, achieves stable sealing and constant temperature heating of the sampling bottle. The sampling bottle contains an inner sampling bottle; the adsorption sampling inner bottle has a multi-layer adsorption sampling bottom mesh, and the absorption sampling inner bottle has a multi-layer absorption sampling partition mesh, improving sampling accuracy and efficiency. This invention is suitable for pollutant sampling under high negative pressure environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a sampler, specifically a high negative pressure ambient air particulate matter sampler, belonging to the field of environmental monitoring technology. Background Technology

[0002] Ambient air particulate matter sampling technology is a core component of air pollution monitoring, and its accuracy directly affects the reliability of pollutant composition analysis and source tracing results. Traditional samplers generally employ a single mode (membrane retention or solution absorption), making it difficult to simultaneously acquire information on the physical properties and chemical composition of particulate matter. Although combined sampling devices have been developed, allowing for the series connection of adsorption and absorption bottles, significant limitations still exist.

[0003] In existing technologies, such as the sampling device and method for total particulate matter in exhaust gas disclosed in CN107421787B, a combined heating sampling gun, flue gas condenser, and CPM-F filter membrane clamp are proposed for the simultaneous sampling of total particulate matter (including filterable particulate matter (FPM) and condensable particulate matter (CPM)) in high-humidity exhaust gas. This method uses a circulating water cooling system to control the flue gas temperature at the condenser outlet to ≤30℃, and reduces loading and unloading errors through an encapsulated FPM integrated sampling head. The pre-fPM filter membrane clamp traps large-diameter particles, while the subsequent CPM-F filter membrane clamp captures condensable components, achieving simultaneous analysis of physical and chemical properties. The method calculates the humidity of the flue gas in real time using the condensate mass, improving the measurement accuracy of CPM under low-concentration FPM conditions. However, this method has a fixed adsorption (filter membrane) and absorption (condensate) sequence, which cannot be changed to adapt to different pollutant characteristics. It only supports single-channel sampling and cannot perform parallel sampling comparisons or alternating sampling; the adsorption and absorption sampling sequence is fixed. The inability to replace certain components leads to distortion in the capture efficiency of specific pollutants. For example, volatile organic compounds may decompose after passing through the adsorbent, affecting the capture of acidic gases by the subsequent absorbent. Conversely, if absorption sampling is performed first, alkaline substances may be neutralized prematurely, reducing the adsorbent's capture efficiency for organic compounds. The filter membrane and condenser bottle need to be manually replaced, and the constant temperature system does not extend to the sampling bottle, limiting the temperature control range to the upstream pipeline. Another example is the ambient air constant flow automatic sampling system and its sampling method disclosed in announcement number CN108333001B. This system achieves gas pressure balance of the sampled gas through the alternating opening and closing of a buffer container and a switching valve, combined with a vacuum sampling vessel to maintain constant flow. It does not integrate a particulate matter grading or dual-mode (adsorption / absorption) sampling module, and is only suitable for collecting gaseous pollutants. It does not involve sampling bottle temperature control technology, failing to guarantee the thermal stability of volatile components. Relying on traditional O-ring seals, it is prone to micro-leakage due to aging or vibration under negative pressure, resulting in sample loss. In addition, existing technologies lack an automatic bottle-changing mechanism, requiring manual intervention to interrupt sampling, which cannot support long-term unattended monitoring, and is particularly limited in remote sites. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a high negative pressure ambient air particulate matter sampler to address the problems of how to achieve dual-mode sampling, anti-interference graded cutting, dynamic diversion balance, and constant temperature sealing.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solution: a high negative pressure ambient air particulate matter sampler, comprising a sampling shell and a sampling head connected to the upper end of the sampling shell, a pipe assembly and a sampling bottle base are provided inside the sampling shell, a sampling bottle is movably placed on the sampling bottle base, and two connected sampling bottles are divided into an adsorption sampling bottle and an absorption sampling bottle whose positions can be interchanged.

[0006] The sampling head is equipped with multiple test strip fixing rings, each of which contains a sampling filter membrane. A cutting and guiding unit is located above the test strip fixing rings.

[0007] The piping assembly includes an intake pipe and an intake branch pipe. A three-way diverter pipe connects the intake pipe and the intake branch pipe. The three-way diverter pipe is equipped with a dynamic diversion balancing unit. The intake branch pipe is connected to a converter branch pipe.

[0008] The sampling bottle base is equipped with a bottle body positioning sleeve and a connector positioning sleeve. The bottle body positioning sleeve is embedded with an annular electromagnetic heating plate, and the connector positioning sleeve is connected to an annular fixing bladder. The annular fixing bladder is filled with magnetorheological fluid.

[0009] The sampling bottle is connected to an inner sampling bottle. The inner sampling bottle for adsorption sampling is equipped with multiple adsorption sampling bottom meshes, and the inner sampling bottle for absorption sampling is equipped with multiple absorption sampling meshes.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the upper end of the sampling shell is provided with a movable cover plate, and the connection position of the movable cover plate is located directly above the sampling bottle base.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the sampling head includes a top shell, a middle shell, a bottom shell, and an air guide tube arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The top shell, the middle shell, and the bottom shell are threaded together. The air guide tube is connected to the bottom end of the bottom shell. The upper end of the top shell is provided with a confluence channel and a tapered arc-shaped air inlet. The arc-shaped air inlet is evenly distributed in a ring shape and connected to the outer periphery of the confluence channel. The upper end of the top shell is connected to an air inlet cover.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the upper-layer cutting and guiding unit includes a first conical cutting plate and a first guiding hood. The first conical cutting plate is connected directly below the confluence channel, and the first guiding hood is connected to the bottom end of the first conical cutting plate. The bottom end of the first guiding hood is fitted into the test paper fixing ring below it. The lower-layer cutting and guiding unit includes a second conical cutting plate and a second guiding hood. The upper edge of the second conical cutting plate is connected to the inner wall of the middle shell. The second guiding hood is connected to the bottom end of the second conical cutting plate, and the bottom end of the second guiding hood is fitted into the test paper fixing ring below it. The outer circumference of the test paper fixing ring is connected with connecting struts arranged in a cross shape. The upper-layer test paper fixing ring is fixedly connected to the middle shell through the connecting struts, and the lower-layer test paper fixing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom shell through the connecting struts. The bottom surface of the test paper fixing ring is connected to a bottom mesh, and the sampling filter membrane is placed on the bottom mesh.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the upper end of the air inlet pipe is connected to an air inlet connector, which is fixedly connected to the top shell of the sampling housing. The air inlet connector is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the sampling head. The three-way diversion pipe connecting the air inlet pipe and the air inlet branch pipe includes a Y-shaped diversion main pipe and two diversion branch pipes. The diversion main pipe is connected to the air inlet pipe, and the two diversion branch pipes are respectively connected to the air inlet branch pipe. A diversion housing is provided on the outer side of the diversion main pipe and the diversion branch pipes. The dynamic diversion balancing unit includes... The system includes a dynamic balancing duct and a shunt diaphragm. The shunt diaphragm is connected to the middle of the main shunt pipe. One end of the dynamic balancing duct is connected to one of the shunt branch pipes, and the other end of the dynamic balancing duct is connected to the main shunt pipe. The connection point of the other end of the dynamic balancing duct is located on the side of the main shunt pipe that connects to the other shunt branch pipe. A piston and a push rod are movably connected to the other end of the dynamic balancing duct. The outer ends of the push rods abut against both sides of the shunt diaphragm. An electromagnetic three-way valve connects the intake branch pipe and the shunt branch pipe.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the pipeline assembly also includes an outlet manifold and multiple outlet branch pipes, with each outlet branch pipe corresponding to a converter branch pipe. Each outlet branch pipe is connected to a solenoid valve, and multiple outlet branch pipes are connected to the outlet manifold. The outlet manifold is also connected to an exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is connected to a high negative pressure fan.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the sampling bottle base is provided with a positioning groove, the positioning groove is located below the positioning sleeve of the bottle body, the connection position of the connector positioning sleeve is located on both sides of the positioning sleeve of the bottle body, a limit groove is provided at the center of the bottom of the positioning groove, a contact switch is embedded in the bottom of the limit groove, the contact switch is connected to the connection line of the annular electromagnetic heating plate, a stepped push rod and a spring are movably arranged in the limit groove, the spring abuts against the bottom end of the stepped push rod, and a movable base plate is connected to the upper end of the stepped push rod.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a connecting tube is connected between two sampling bottles in the same group. One end of the connecting tube, which serves as the air inlet, is connected to the upper end of one of the inner sampling bottles, and the other end of the connecting tube, which serves as the air outlet, is connected to the lower end of the other inner sampling bottle. A bottle cap is connected to the top opening of the inner sampling bottle. One of the sampling bottles is connected to an airflow input tube, which is connected to the bottom end of the inner sampling bottle. Both the connecting tube and the airflow input tube are connected to a one-way valve. The other sampling bottle is connected to an airflow output tube, which is connected to the upper end of the inner sampling bottle. Multiple arc-shaped guide plates are connected to the bottom end of each inner sampling bottle.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention: the adsorption sampling bottom meshes inside the sampling inner bottle for adsorption sampling are arranged in parallel vertically, with the bottommost adsorption sampling bottom mesh fixedly connected to the sampling inner bottle, and the remaining adsorption sampling bottom meshes being movable within the sampling inner bottle; the absorption sampling partitions inside the sampling inner bottle for absorption sampling are arranged in parallel vertically, with the mesh openings of two adjacent absorption sampling partitions being square mesh openings and diamond mesh openings, respectively; the gap between the sampling bottle and the sampling inner bottle is filled with thermally conductive ceramic particles.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the outer ends of the airflow inlet pipe and the airflow outlet pipe are both connected to a docking outer pipe. The docking outer pipe has a conical internal friction surface inside. The upper end of the docking outer pipe is connected to a limit retaining ring. The converter branch pipe and the outlet branch pipe are both connected to a conical face connector. The conical face connector is located inside the connector positioning sleeve. The outer surface of the conical face connector is provided with an external friction surface. The conical face connector is movably sleeved and connected to the docking outer pipe.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] 1. This invention includes a sampling head, a pipeline assembly, a sampling bottle base, and a sampling bottle. Two connected sampling bottles are divided into an adsorption sampling bottle and an absorption sampling bottle, whose positions can be interchanged. When using this sampler, the sampling head first samples particulate matter in the ambient air. Then, the ambient air is further transported through the pipeline assembly to the sampling bottle located on the sampling bottle base for adsorption sampling and absorption sampling, respectively. This allows for adsorption sampling and absorption sampling of pollutants in the ambient air. Through multiple sampling methods, accurate sampling and measurement of pollutants in the atmosphere are ensured. Since the two sampling bottles are set as a group, adsorption sampling and absorption sampling of pollutants in the same atmospheric air path can be achieved, improving sampling efficiency. Furthermore, the order of adsorption sampling and absorption sampling can be interchanged to ensure sampling accuracy.

[0021] 2. The sampling head of this invention is equipped with multiple test strip fixing rings, each of which contains a sampling filter membrane. Above the test strip fixing rings is a cutting and guiding unit, which enables multi-stage sampling of particulate matter in ambient air. During sampling, the upper cutting and guiding unit first intercepts the particulate matter of the corresponding size so that it can be sampled by the corresponding sampling filter membrane below. The particulate matter that is not intercepted will continue to flow downward and be further intercepted by the lower cutting and guiding unit, so that it can be further sampled by the sampling filter membrane below. This enables multiple sampling of particulate matter in ambient air, improving sampling accuracy and efficiency.

[0022] 3. The pipeline assembly of this invention includes an air inlet pipe, an air inlet branch pipe, and a three-way diverter pipe. The three-way diverter pipe is equipped with a dynamic diversion balancing unit. The air inlet branch pipe is connected to a converter branch pipe. The three-way diverter pipe can divert and transport the ambient air in the air inlet pipe to the air inlet branch pipe. The dynamic diversion balancing unit ensures that the ambient air flow into the two air inlet branch pipes is consistent, realizing dual-path sampling of ambient air. The converter branch pipe can transport the ambient air in the air inlet branch pipe to different sampling bottles, which can realize automatic replacement of sampling bottles, greatly extending the sampling time of the sampler. Moreover, there is no need to manually replace the sampling bottles in the middle, supporting long-term unattended sampling.

[0023] 4. This invention is equipped with a bottle positioning sleeve and a connector positioning sleeve. The bottle positioning sleeve is embedded with an annular electromagnetic heating plate, and the connector positioning sleeve is connected to an annular fixing bladder filled with magnetorheological fluid. The bottle positioning sleeve can fix the position of the sampling bottle, thereby ensuring that the sampling bottle is stably placed inside the sampling shell. The connector positioning sleeve can ensure that the docking part of the sampling bottle and the pipeline assembly forms a sealed fixation. During docking, the annular fixing bladder can deform, thereby allowing the body of the annular fixing bladder to wrap around the outside of the docking part, preventing ambient air from escaping from the docking part during the sampling process, and further improving the sampling accuracy.

[0024] 5. The sampling bottle of this invention is connected to an inner sampling bottle. The inner sampling bottle for adsorption sampling is equipped with multiple adsorption sampling bottom nets, and the inner sampling bottle for absorption sampling is equipped with multiple absorption sampling meshes. The adsorption sampling bottom nets can be used to layer the adsorption sampling agents, allowing for the layering of different types of adsorption sampling agents to achieve adsorption sampling of different types of pollutants in the ambient air. Alternatively, it can be used to layer adsorption sampling agents of the same type but different particle sizes to achieve graded adsorption sampling of pollutants in the ambient air. In other words, it can provide multiple adsorption sampling methods to meet different adsorption sampling needs. The absorption sampling meshes can break up ambient air bubbles in the absorption sampling agent to form smaller bubbles, so that pollutants in the ambient air can be fully absorbed by the absorption sampling agent, further improving the accuracy of absorption sampling. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sampling shell of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sampling head of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the air intake cover of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the test strip fixing ring and sampling filter membrane of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper-layer cutting and guiding unit structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting and guiding unit structure located in the lower layer of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the pipeline assembly and the sampling bottle base of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe assembly structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the three-way diverter of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a top view cross-sectional diagram of the three-way diverter of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sampling bottle base, bottle body positioning sleeve, and connector positioning sleeve of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the group connection structure of the sampling bottles of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 15 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sampling bottle used for adsorption according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 16 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sampling bottle used for absorption according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 17 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the non-connected state of the outer tube and the conical joint of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 18 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the docking structure of the outer tube and the conical joint of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Sampling outer shell; 11. Movable cover; 2. Sampling head; 21. Top shell; 22. Arc-shaped air inlet; 23. Combination channel; 24. First conical cutting plate; 25. First air guide hood; 26. Test paper fixing ring; 27. Middle shell; 28. Bottom shell; 29. ​​Air guide tube; 210. Second conical cutting plate; 211. Second air guide hood; 212. Bottom mesh; 213. Sampling filter membrane; 214. Connecting support rod; 215. Air inlet cover; 3. Pipe assembly; 31. Air inlet pipe; 32. Air inlet connector; 33. Three-way splitter pipe; 331. Splitting shell; 332. Splitting main pipe; 333. Splitting branch pipe; 334. Dynamic balance guide tube; 335. Push rod; 336. Piston; 337. Splitting diaphragm; 34. Air inlet branch pipe; 35. Solenoid three-way valve; 36. 37. Exhaust branch pipe; 38. Solenoid valve; 39. Exhaust manifold; 4. Sampling bottle base; 41. Bottle body positioning sleeve; 42. Connector positioning sleeve; 43. Annular electromagnetic heating plate; 44. Positioning groove; 45. Movable base plate; 46. Stepped push rod; 47. Limiting groove; 48. Spring; 49. Contact switch; 410. Annular fixing bladder; 5. Sampling bottle; 51. Conducting pipe; 52. Airflow input pipe; 53. Airflow output pipe; 54. Bottle cap; 55. Connecting outer pipe; 56. Sampling inner bottle; 57. One-way valve; 58. Adsorption sampling bottom mesh; 59. Absorption sampling partition mesh; 510. Arc-shaped guide plate; 511. Internal friction surface; 512. Limiting retaining ring; 513. Thermally conductive ceramic particles; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. High negative pressure fan; 8. Conical face connector; 81. External friction surface. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figures 1 to 18 As shown, a high negative pressure ambient air particulate matter sampler includes a sampling housing 1 and a sampling head 2 connected to the upper end of the sampling housing 1. The sampling housing 1 contains a pipe assembly 3 and a sampling bottle base 4. Sampling bottles 5 are movably mounted on the sampling bottle base 4. Two connected sampling bottles 5 are divided into an adsorption sampling bottle and an absorption sampling bottle, whose positions can be interchanged. When using this sampler, the sampling head 2 first samples particulate matter from the ambient air, and then the ambient air is further transported via the pipe assembly 3 to the sampling bottles 5 located on the sampling bottle base 4 for adsorption sampling and absorption sampling, respectively. This system enables adsorption and absorption sampling of pollutants in ambient air. Through multiple sampling methods, it ensures accurate sampling and measurement of atmospheric pollutants. By grouping two sampling bottles (5) together, it can perform adsorption and absorption sampling of pollutants in the same atmospheric path, improving sampling efficiency. Furthermore, the order of adsorption and absorption sampling can be reversed. For example, absorption followed by adsorption can avoid interference from the phase transition of semi-volatile organic compounds; reversing the order prioritizes the capture of strongly adsorbed components, ensuring sampling accuracy.

[0047] The sampling head 2 is equipped with multiple test strip fixing rings 26, and each test strip fixing ring 26 is equipped with a sampling filter membrane 213. A cutting and guiding unit is provided above the test strip fixing ring 26, which can realize multi-level sampling of particulate matter in the ambient air. During sampling, the upper cutting and guiding unit first intercepts the particulate matter of the corresponding size so that it can be sampled by the corresponding sampling filter membrane 213 below. The particulate matter that is not intercepted will continue to flow downward and be further intercepted by the lower cutting and guiding unit, so that it can be further sampled by the sampling filter membrane 213 below. This realizes multiple sampling of particulate matter in the ambient air, improving sampling accuracy and sampling efficiency.

[0048] The pipeline assembly 3 includes an air inlet pipe 31 and an air inlet branch pipe 34. A three-way diverter pipe 33 connects the air inlet pipe 31 and the air inlet branch pipe 34. The three-way diverter pipe 33 is equipped with a dynamic diversion balancing unit. The air inlet branch pipe 34 is connected to a converter branch pipe 36. The three-way diverter pipe 33 can divert the ambient air in the air inlet pipe 31 to the air inlet branch pipe 34. The dynamic diversion balancing unit ensures that the ambient air flow rate entering the two air inlet branch pipes 34 is consistent, realizing dual-path sampling of ambient air and ensuring that the two sampling bottles 5 work synchronously with equal flow rates. The converter branch pipe 36 can deliver the ambient air in the air inlet branch pipe 34 to different sampling bottles 5, which can realize the automatic replacement of sampling bottles 5, greatly extending the sampling time of the sampler. Moreover, there is no need to manually replace the new sampling bottles 5 in the middle, supporting long-term unattended sampling.

[0049] The sampling bottle base 4 is equipped with a bottle body positioning sleeve 41 and a connector positioning sleeve 42. The bottle body positioning sleeve 41 has an embedded annular electromagnetic heating plate 43. The connector positioning sleeve 42 is connected to an annular fixing bladder 410, which is filled with magnetorheological fluid. The bottle body positioning sleeve 41 can fix the position of the sampling bottle 5, ensuring that the sampling bottle 5 is securely placed inside the sampling housing 1. The connector positioning sleeve 42 ensures a sealed connection between the sampling bottle 5 and the pipeline assembly 3. Furthermore, the annular fixing bladder 410 can deform during connection, thereby allowing the annular fixing bladder 410 to... The sample bottle 5 is wrapped around the outside of the docking part to prevent ambient air from escaping from the docking part during sampling, thereby improving the accuracy of sampling. The ring electromagnetic heating plate 43 can heat the sampling bottle 5 at a constant temperature to ensure that the sampling bottle 5 is kept at the optimal sampling temperature. At the same time, the ring electromagnetic heating plate 43 is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction heating. When the high-frequency current passes through the ring coil to generate an alternating magnetic field, it can put the magnetorheological fluid filled in the ring fixing bag 410 into a magnetic field environment, thereby turning the magnetorheological fluid into a solid-like state, thereby fixing the docking part of the sampling bottle 5 and the pipeline assembly 3 and ensuring the tightness of the docking part connection.

[0050] The sampling bottle 5 is connected to an inner sampling bottle 56. The inner sampling bottle 56 for adsorption sampling is equipped with multiple adsorption sampling bottom nets 58, and the inner sampling bottle 56 for absorption sampling is equipped with multiple absorption sampling partitions 59. The adsorption sampling bottom nets 58 can be used to layer the adsorption sampling agent, which can be used to place different types of adsorption sampling agents to achieve adsorption sampling of different types of pollutants in the ambient air. It can also be used to layer adsorption sampling agents of the same type but different particle sizes to achieve graded adsorption sampling of pollutants in the ambient air. In other words, it can provide multiple adsorption sampling methods to meet different adsorption sampling needs. The absorption sampling partitions 59 can break up the ambient air bubbles in the absorption sampling agent to form smaller bubbles, so that the pollutants in the ambient air can be fully absorbed by the absorption sampling agent, further improving the accuracy of absorption sampling.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] Improvements based on Example 1:

[0053] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the upper end of the sampling housing 1 is provided with a movable cover plate 11, and the connection position of the movable cover plate 11 is located directly above the sampling bottle base 4, so as to facilitate the taking and placing of the sampling bottle 5 by opening the movable cover plate 11. It should be noted that the front end of the sampling housing 1 is connected to a touch screen, a power connector and a switch button.

[0054] Furthermore, the sampling head 2 includes a top shell 21, a middle shell 27, a bottom shell 28, and an air guide tube 29 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The top shell 21, the middle shell 27, and the bottom shell 28 are threaded together. The air guide tube 29 is connected to the bottom end of the bottom shell 28. The upper end of the top shell 21 has a confluence channel 23 and a tapered arc-shaped air inlet 22. The arc-shaped air inlet 22 is evenly distributed in a ring shape around the outer periphery of the confluence channel 23. The upper end of the top shell 21 is connected to an air inlet cap 215. The air inlet cover 215 can shield the housing of the sampling head 2, thus effectively shielding it from rain and debris when ambient air is drawn into the sampling head 2. At the same time, the arc-shaped air inlet 22 can transform the ambient air from horizontal intake to high-speed rotating airflow, which has a centrifugal acceleration effect on the ambient airflow. This facilitates better collision and cutting of the ambient airflow with the upper cutting and guiding unit after it enters the sampling head 2, thereby improving the sampling efficiency of ambient air particles.

[0055] Furthermore, the upper-layer cutting and guiding unit includes a first conical cutting plate 24 and a first guiding shroud 25. The first conical cutting plate 24 is connected directly below the confluence channel 23, and the first guiding shroud 25 is connected to the bottom end of the first conical cutting plate 24. The bottom end of the first guiding shroud 25 is fitted into the test paper fixing ring 26 below it. The lower-layer cutting and guiding unit includes a second conical cutting plate 210 and a second guiding shroud 211. The upper edge of the second conical cutting plate 210 is connected to the inner wall of the middle shell 27, and the second guiding shroud 211 is connected to the bottom end of the second conical cutting plate 210. The bottom end of the second guiding shroud 211 is fitted into the test paper fixing ring 26 below it. The outer periphery of the test paper fixing ring 26 is connected with cross-shaped... The connecting strut 214 of the cloth connects the upper test strip fixing ring 26 to the middle shell 27, and the lower test strip fixing ring 26 to the bottom shell 28. A bottom mesh 212 is connected to the bottom surface of the test strip fixing ring 26, and the sampling filter membrane 213 is placed on the bottom mesh 212. When the ambient airflow enters the sampling head 2 through the confluence channel 23, the airflow will first collide with the first conical cutting plate 24. Larger particles will be intercepted and cut by the first conical cutting plate 24, and part of the airflow will pass through the first conical cutting plate 24 and continue to flow downward along the outer side of the first guide hood 25, and flow through the gap between the test strip fixing ring 26 and the middle shell 27 to the lower layer. At the cutting and guiding unit, the separated particles will enter the inner side of the first guiding hood 25 along with another part of the airflow. The sampling filter membrane 213 then separates the particles from this airflow, enabling sampling of larger particles. This airflow also enters the lower cutting and guiding unit, where the two airflows mix, increasing the collision between the airflow and the second conical cutting plate 210, further cutting and chopping smaller particles. Similarly, some airflow will pass through the second conical cutting plate 210 and continue flowing downwards along the outer side of the second guiding hood 211, flowing downwards through the gap between the test paper fixing ring 26 and the bottom shell 28. The separated particles will then flow downwards along with the other... A portion of the airflow enters the inner casing of the second guide hood 211, where the sampling filter membrane 213 separates the particulate matter from this portion of the airflow, enabling sampling of smaller particle sizes. This portion of the airflow continues to flow downwards, where the two portions of airflow converge again and continue flowing downwards through the air guide tube 29. This allows for multi-stage segmentation of ambient air, enabling the collection of particulate matter of different sizes. Furthermore, since the sampling filter membrane 213 is supported by the bottom mesh 212, and the first and second guide hoods 25 and 211 respectively press down on the outer periphery of the sampling filter membrane 213, the sampling filter membrane 213 is fixed. This means that the sampling filter membrane 213 can be fixed while assembling the various casing parts, improving the assembly efficiency of the sampling head 2.To completely eliminate cross-contamination of particle size caused by leakage at the filter membrane edge and ensure the accuracy of graded sampling, it should be noted that sealing rings can also be fitted at the connection points of the shell of each part of the sampling head 2. The first conical cutting plate 24 is used to cut PM10 particles, and the second conical cutting plate 210 is used to cut PM2.5 particles. The upper sampling filter membrane 213 is used to sample PM10 particles, and the lower sampling filter membrane 213 is used to sample PM2.5 particles. The sampling filter membrane 213 is a mixed cellulose filter membrane.

[0056] like Figure 2 , Figures 8 to 11As shown, the upper end of the air inlet pipe 31 is connected to an air inlet connector 32, which is fixedly connected to the top shell of the sampling housing 1. The air inlet connector 32 is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the sampling head 2. The three-way diversion pipe 33 connecting the air inlet pipe 31 and the air inlet branch pipe 34 includes a Y-shaped diversion main pipe 332 and two diversion branch pipes 333. The diversion main pipe 332 is connected to the air inlet pipe 31, and the two diversion branch pipes 333 are respectively connected to the air inlet branch pipe 34. The diversion housing 331 covers the outside of the diversion main pipe 332 and the diversion branch pipes 333. The dynamic diversion balance unit includes a dynamic balance conduit 334 and a diversion diaphragm 337. 337 is connected to the middle part of the main shunt pipe 332. One end of the dynamic balancing conduit 334 is connected to one of the shunt branch pipes 333, and the other end of the dynamic balancing conduit 334 is connected to the main shunt pipe 332. The connection position of the other end of the dynamic balancing conduit 334 is located on the side of the pipe body where the main shunt pipe 332 is connected to the other shunt branch pipe 333. The other end of the dynamic balancing conduit 334 is movably connected to a piston 336 and a push rod 335. The outer ends of the push rod 335 abut against both sides of the shunt diaphragm 337. An electromagnetic three-way valve 35 is connected between the air inlet branch pipe 34 and the commutation branch pipe 36. The air can enter the sampling head 2 through the air inlet docking connector 32. The ambient airflow is delivered to the intake pipe 31, and then, through the action of the diversion diaphragm 337 in the diversion main pipe 332, the pipe of the diversion main pipe 332 is divided into two cavities, so that the airflow is divided into two paths and delivered to the intake branch pipe 34 through the diversion branch pipe 333 respectively. When the airflow is delivered in the diversion branch pipe 333, the airflow of the same pressure will push the push rod 335 through the dynamic balance duct 334. That is, when the airflow in a certain diversion branch pipe 333 is larger, the push rod 335 in the dynamic balance duct 334 connected to the diversion branch pipe 333 will be pushed outward by a larger amount, which will push the diversion diaphragm 337 to one side of the diversion branch pipe 333. At this time, the diversion diaphragm 337 is used for the diversion diaphragm 337. The cross-section of the channel supplying airflow to the branch pipe 333 is reduced, while the cross-section of the channel supplying airflow to the other branch pipe 333 is increased, thereby regulating the airflow flow rate and ensuring that the airflow flow rates of the two channels can be kept balanced. This ensures that each sampling bottle 5 can sample airflow at the same flow rate. At the same time, the electromagnetic three-way valve 35 facilitates the switching between the inlet branch pipe 34 and the switching branch pipe 36. It allows the airflow to be transported through one switching branch pipe 36 for a certain period of time and then quickly switched to the other switching branch pipe 36 to transport the airflow. This enables the airflow to be transferred to another sampling bottle 5 without shutting down the sampler and replacing the sampling bottle 5 to continue sampling.

[0057] Furthermore, the pipeline assembly 3 also includes an outlet manifold 39 and multiple outlet branch pipes 37. Each outlet branch pipe 37 corresponds to a converter branch pipe 36. Each outlet branch pipe 37 is connected to a solenoid valve 38. The multiple outlet branch pipes 37 are connected to the outlet manifold 39, which is also connected to an exhaust pipe 6. The exhaust pipe 6 is connected to a high-negative-pressure fan 7. By connecting the inlet of the sampling bottle 5 to the converter branch pipe 36 and the outlet of the sampling bottle 5 to the outlet branch pipes 37, airflow within the sampling bottle 5 is achieved, facilitating adsorption and absorption sampling. Simultaneously, the high-negative-pressure fan 7 provides high negative-pressure suction, enabling the flow of ambient air. Ambient airflow is drawn into sampling head 2, and then the airflow sequentially passes through inlet pipe 31, inlet branch pipe 34, exchange branch pipe 36, sampling bottle 5, outlet branch pipe 37, outlet manifold 39, and exhaust pipe 6 to form a complete airflow path. The solenoid valve 38 can control the opening and closing of outlet branch pipe 37 to ensure the opening and closing control of the airflow path. It should be noted that the high negative pressure fan 7 is a centrifugal fan (power 300W), with a negative pressure range of -50kPa to -100kPa, a maximum flow rate of 50L / min, and a silencer at the fan outlet (noise reduction ≥20dB), with operating noise ≤60dB (at 1 meter), and airflow path resistance ≤5kPa, ensuring stable sampling even in a high negative pressure environment.

[0058] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, the sampling bottle base 4 has a positioning groove 44, which is located below the bottle body positioning sleeve 41. The connection points of the connector positioning sleeve 42 are located on both sides of the bottle body positioning sleeve 41. A limiting groove 47 is provided at the center of the bottom of the positioning groove 44. A contact switch 49 is embedded in the bottom of the limiting groove 47. The contact switch 49 is connected to the connection line of the annular electromagnetic heating plate 43. A stepped push rod 46 and a spring 48 are movably installed in the limiting groove 47. The spring 48 abuts against the bottom end of the stepped push rod 46. The upper end of the stepped push rod 46 is connected to a movable base plate 45. In the initial state, due to the action of the spring 48, the stepped push rod 46 can be suspended in the air. When the sampling bottle 5 is placed inside the bottle positioning sleeve 41, the movable base plate 45 will be pressed down, which will drive the stepped push rod 46 to move down, so that the stepped push rod 46 can touch the contact switch 49. At this time, the sampling bottle 5 is installed in place, and the airflow inlet and outlet of the sampling bottle 5 are also respectively locked in the connector positioning sleeves 42 on both sides. When the contact switch 49 is triggered to open the power supply, the annular electromagnetic heating plate 43 can achieve constant temperature heating of the sampling bottle 5. At the same time, the alternating magnetic field generated makes the magnetorheological fluid filled in the annular fixing bladder 410 in a magnetic field environment, thereby making the magnetorheological fluid into a solid-like state, and realizing the fixation of the airflow inlet and outlet of the sampling bottle 5 in the connector positioning sleeves 42 on both sides.

[0059] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 14 to 18As shown, a connecting pipe 51 connects two sampling bottles 5 in the same group. One end of the connecting pipe 51, which serves as the air inlet, is connected to the upper end of one of the inner sampling bottles 56, and the other end of the connecting pipe 51, which serves as the air outlet, is connected to the lower end of the other inner sampling bottle 56. A bottle cap 54 is connected to the top opening of the inner sampling bottle 56. One of the sampling bottles 5 is connected to an airflow input pipe 52, which is connected to the bottom end of the inner sampling bottle 56. Both the connecting pipe 51 and the airflow input pipe 52 are connected to a one-way valve 57. The other sampling bottle 5 is connected to an airflow output pipe 53, which is connected to the upper end of the inner sampling bottle 56. Multiple arc-shaped guide plates 510 are connected to the bottom end of each inner sampling bottle 56 to facilitate airflow delivery. The process begins with airflow being delivered to the first sampling inner bottle 56 via the airflow inlet pipe 52. The airflow is then evenly dispersed within the first sampling inner bottle 56 by the action of the arc-shaped guide plate 510, and then flows upward to be sampled by the adsorbent or absorbent sampler in the inner bottle. The airflow is then delivered to the second sampling inner bottle 56 via the guide pipe 51. Similarly, the airflow is evenly dispersed within the second sampling inner bottle 56 by the action of the arc-shaped guide plate 510, and then flows upward to be sampled by the adsorbent or absorbent sampler in the inner bottle. Finally, the airflow is output via the airflow outlet pipe 53, completing the flow of airflow within the two sampling bottles 5 in the same group, achieving adsorption or absorption sampling. The bottle cap 54 facilitates the removal and placement of the adsorbent or absorbent sampler.

[0060] Furthermore, the adsorption sampling bottom meshes 58 set inside the sampling inner bottle 56 for adsorption sampling are arranged in parallel vertically. The bottommost adsorption sampling bottom mesh 58 is fixedly connected to the sampling inner bottle 56, while the remaining adsorption sampling bottom meshes 58 are movably arranged inside the sampling inner bottle 56. The mesh diameter of the multiple adsorption sampling bottom meshes 58 increases sequentially from top to bottom. By fixing the bottommost adsorption sampling bottom mesh 58 to the sampling inner bottle 56, the placed adsorption sampler can be suspended in the bottle, which can reserve some space for the airflow entering from the bottom, thus facilitating the airflow dispersion and preventing the adsorption sampler from entering the airflow delivery pipe. The multiple adsorption sampling bottom meshes 58 adopt a stepped mesh diameter, which makes it easy to place adsorption samplers of different particle sizes on each layer of mesh, avoiding the mixing of adsorption samplers of different particle sizes. This allows for a certain gap between the adsorption sampler particles, facilitating airflow passage and improving adsorption sampling.

[0061] The absorption sampling mesh 59 inside the sampling inner bottle 56 for absorption sampling is arranged in parallel vertically, and the mesh of two adjacent absorption sampling mesh 59 is square mesh and diamond mesh, respectively. The multiple absorption sampling meshes 59 are used to cut the bubbles in the absorption sampling agent multiple times. At the same time, the use of different mesh shapes can improve the disorder of bubble cutting, ensure that the bubbles are cut multiple times, and thus further improve the absorption efficiency.

[0062] The gap between the sampling bottle 5 and the inner sampling bottle 56 is filled with thermally conductive ceramic particles 513. When the sampling bottle 5 is heated at a constant temperature, the thermally conductive ceramic particles 513 can quickly conduct heat and have a good heat preservation effect. Secondly, since there is a gap between the sampling bottle 5 and the inner sampling bottle 56, the body of the airflow inlet pipe 52 and the connecting pipe 51 can be placed in the gap. This allows the thermally conductive ceramic particles 513 to heat and preserve the airflow inlet pipe 52 and the connecting pipe 51 at a constant temperature, ensuring that the delivered airflow can also be maintained at a constant temperature, which is also beneficial for adsorption sampling or absorption sampling.

[0063] Furthermore, both the outer ends of the airflow inlet pipe 52 and the airflow outlet pipe 53 are connected to a docking outer pipe 55. The docking outer pipe 55 has a conical internal friction surface 511 inside. A limit ring 512 is connected to the upper end of the docking outer pipe 55. Both the converter branch pipe 36 and the outlet branch pipe 37 are connected to a conical face connector 8. The conical face connector 8 is located inside the connector positioning sleeve 42. An external friction surface 81 is provided on the outer surface of the conical face connector 8. The conical face connector 8 is movably sleeved with the docking outer pipe 55. When the docking outer pipe 55 is inserted into the connector positioning sleeve 42, the conical face connector 8 and the docking outer pipe 55 form a sleeve connection. At this time, the internal friction surface 511 and the external friction surface 81 form an internal... The friction seal is achieved through a double sealing connection. Simultaneously, the downward pressure of the outer tube 55 causes the annular retaining bladder 410 to deform, wrapping around the outer side of the limiting ring 512, forming an external sealing connection. This double sealing connection method ensures a tight seal at the connection point, eliminating the need for additional gaskets or other accessories, simplifying operation. It should be noted that the limiting ring 512 is made of stainless steel (2mm thickness, 12mm outer diameter). When the annular retaining bladder 410 is compressed (30% deformation rate), it tightly wraps around the ring, forming a second seal (leakage rate ≤0.01mL / min). No additional gaskets are required, and the sealing performance is maintained even after ≥100 disassembly and reassembly cycles.

[0064] Working principle: The arc-shaped air inlet 22 of the sampling head 2 turns the ambient air into a high-speed swirling flow. The airflow impacts the first conical cutting plate 24 through the converging channel 23 to intercept PM10 level particles. The intercepted particles enter the first guide hood 25 with the diverted airflow and are captured by the sampling filter membrane 213 below it. The unintercepted airflow goes down along the outside of the first guide hood 25 to the second conical cutting plate 210 for PM2.5 level cutting. The particles are guided by the second guide hood 211 to the lower sampling filter membrane 213 for collection. After cutting, the airflow enters the inlet pipe 31 through the air guide pipe 29. The airflow is divided into two paths by the diversion diaphragm 337 of the three-way diversion pipe 33. When the flow rate of the diversion branch pipe 333 on one side is too large, the push rod 335 in its dynamic balance guide pipe 334 pushes the diversion diaphragm 337 to shift, reducing the cross-section of the cavity on that side to achieve dynamic balance of the flow rate of the two paths. The balanced airflow is delivered to the electromagnetic three-way valve 35 through the inlet branch pipe 34, and then switched to the selected sampling bottle 5 by the switching branch pipe 36.

[0065] When sampling bottle 5 is installed, the bottle body is pressed into the bottle positioning sleeve 41, triggering the stepped push rod 46 to press down the contact switch 49, activating the annular electromagnetic heating plate 43 to heat sampling bottle 5 at a constant temperature; at the same time, the alternating magnetic field causes the magnetorheological fluid in the annular fixing bladder 410 to solidify into a near-solid state, wrapping the limiting ring 512 of the connecting outer tube 55 to form a seal; the airflow enters the first sampling inner bottle 56 through the airflow input pipe 52, and flows upward after being diffused by the arc-shaped guide plate 510: if it is an adsorption sampling bottle, the airflow passes through the layered adsorbent of the adsorption sampling bottom mesh 58 to achieve graded adsorption of pollutants; if it is an absorption sampling bottle, the airflow repeatedly cuts the air bubbles through the irregular mesh of the absorption sampling partition 59 to improve the absorption efficiency; the treated airflow enters the second sampling bottle 5 through the guide pipe 51 for further treatment, and is finally discharged to the outlet branch pipe 37 by the airflow output pipe 53; the solenoid valve 38 controls the airflow to be collected through the outlet manifold 39 and discharged by the high negative pressure fan 7 through the exhaust pipe 6.

[0066] The order of adsorption sampling and absorption sampling is switched by switching the airflow path through the converter branch pipe 36: when the electromagnetic three-way valve 35 directs the airflow to the absorption sampling bottle 5 and then into the adsorption sampling bottle 5, the interference of phase change of semi-volatile organic compounds can be avoided; the reverse switching prioritizes the capture of strongly adsorbed components; when the sampling bottle 5 is replaced, the electromagnetic three-way valve 35 switches to the backup converter branch pipe 36 to maintain continuous sampling; thermally conductive ceramic particles 513 fill the gap between the sampling bottle 5 and the inner sampling bottle 56 to ensure that the airflow input pipe 52 and the connecting pipe 51 are kept at a constant temperature; the conical face joint 8 and the inner friction surface 511 and outer friction surface 81 of the docking outer pipe 55 form a double seal to prevent leakage under high negative pressure conditions.

[0067] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0068] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high negative pressure ambient air particulate matter sampler, comprising a sampling shell (1) and a sampling head (2) connected to the upper end of the sampling shell (1), characterized in that: The sampling housing (1) is provided with a pipe assembly (3) and a sampling bottle base (4). A sampling bottle (5) is movably placed on the sampling bottle base (4). The two connected sampling bottles (5) are divided into an adsorption sampling bottle and an absorption sampling bottle with interchangeable positions. The sampling head (2) is provided with multiple test paper fixing rings (26), and each test paper fixing ring (26) is provided with a sampling filter membrane (213). A cutting and guiding unit is provided above the test paper fixing ring (26). The pipeline assembly (3) includes an intake pipe (31) and an intake branch pipe (34). A three-way diverter pipe (33) is connected between the intake pipe (31) and the intake branch pipe (34). The three-way diverter pipe (33) is equipped with a dynamic diversion balance unit. The intake branch pipe (34) is connected to a converter branch pipe (36). The sampling bottle base (4) is provided with a bottle body positioning sleeve (41) and a connector positioning sleeve (42). The bottle body positioning sleeve (41) is embedded with an annular electromagnetic heating plate (43). The connector positioning sleeve (42) is connected to an annular fixing bladder (410). The annular fixing bladder (410) is filled with magnetorheological fluid. The sampling bottle (5) is connected to a sampling inner bottle (56). The sampling inner bottle (56) for adsorption sampling is provided with multiple adsorption sampling bottom nets (58), and the sampling inner bottle (56) for absorption sampling is provided with multiple absorption sampling partitions (59). The sampling head (2) includes a top shell (21), a middle shell (27), a bottom shell (28), and an air guide tube (29) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The top shell (21), the middle shell (27), and the bottom shell (28) are threaded together. The air guide tube (29) is connected to the bottom end of the bottom shell (28). The top shell (21) has a confluence channel (23) and a reduced arc-shaped air inlet (22) at its upper end. The arc-shaped air inlet (22) is evenly distributed in a ring shape and connected to the outer periphery of the confluence channel (23). The top shell (21) is connected to an air inlet cover (215). The upper-layer cutting and guiding unit includes a first conical cutting plate (24) and a first guiding shroud (25). The first conical cutting plate (24) is connected directly below the confluence channel (23), and the first guiding shroud (25) is connected to the bottom end of the first conical cutting plate (24). The bottom end of the first guiding shroud (25) is fitted into the test paper fixing ring (26) below it. The lower-layer cutting and guiding unit includes a second conical cutting plate (210) and a second guiding shroud (211). The upper edge of the second conical cutting plate (210) is connected to the inner wall of the middle shell (27), and the second guiding shroud (211) is connected to the inner wall of the middle shell (27). The bottom end of the second conical cutting plate (210) and the bottom end of the second flow guide (211) are placed in the test paper fixing ring (26) below it. The outer circumference of the test paper fixing ring (26) is connected with connecting struts (214) distributed in a cross shape. The upper test paper fixing ring (26) is fixedly connected to the middle shell (27) through the connecting struts (214). The lower test paper fixing ring (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom shell (28) through the connecting struts (214). The bottom surface of the test paper fixing ring (26) is connected with a bottom mesh (212). The sampling filter membrane (213) is placed on the bottom mesh (212). The upper end of the air inlet pipe (31) is connected to an air inlet connector (32), which is fixedly connected to the top shell of the sampling housing (1). The air inlet connector (32) is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the sampling head (2). The three-way diversion pipe (33) connecting the air inlet pipe (31) and the air inlet branch pipe (34) includes a Y-shaped diversion main pipe (332) and two diversion branch pipes (333). The diversion main pipe (332) is connected to the air inlet pipe (31), and the two diversion branch pipes (333) are respectively connected to the air inlet branch pipe (34). The diversion main pipe (332) and the diversion branch pipes (333) are covered with a diversion housing (331). The dynamic diversion balance unit includes a dynamic balance guide tube (334) and a diversion housing (331). A flow diaphragm (337) is connected to the middle part of the main flow duct (332). One end of the dynamic balance conduit (334) is connected to one of the branch pipes (333), and the other end of the dynamic balance conduit (334) is connected to the main flow duct (332). The connection position of the other end of the dynamic balance conduit (334) is located on one side of the pipe body where the main flow duct (332) is connected to another branch pipe (333). The other end of the dynamic balance conduit (334) is movably connected to a piston (336) and a push rod (335). The outer end of the push rod (335) abuts against both sides of the flow diaphragm (337). An electromagnetic three-way valve (35) is connected between the intake branch pipe (34) and the exchange branch pipe (36). The sampling bottle base (4) is provided with a positioning groove (44). The positioning groove (44) is located below the bottle body positioning sleeve (41). The connection position of the connector positioning sleeve (42) is located on both sides of the bottle body positioning sleeve (41). A limiting groove (47) is provided at the center of the bottom of the positioning groove (44). A contact switch (49) is embedded in the bottom of the limiting groove (47). The contact switch (49) is connected to the connection line of the annular electromagnetic heating plate (43). A stepped push rod (46) and a spring (48) are movably arranged in the limiting groove (47). The spring (48) abuts against the bottom end of the stepped push rod (46). The upper end of the stepped push rod (46) is connected to a movable base plate (45).

2. The high negative pressure ambient air particulate matter sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the sampling shell (1) is provided with a movable cover plate (11), and the connection position of the movable cover plate (11) is located directly above the sampling bottle base (4).

3. The high negative pressure ambient air particulate matter sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline assembly (3) also includes an outlet manifold (39) and multiple outlet branch pipes (37). The outlet branch pipes (37) are configured one-to-one with the converter branch pipes (36). Each outlet branch pipe (37) is connected to a solenoid valve (38). Multiple outlet branch pipes (37) are connected to the outlet manifold (39). The outlet manifold (39) is also connected to an exhaust pipe (6). The exhaust pipe (6) is connected to a high negative pressure fan (7).

4. The high negative pressure ambient air particulate matter sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting tube (51) is connected between two sampling bottles (5) in the same group. One end of the connecting tube (51), which serves as the air inlet, is connected to the upper end of one of the sampling inner bottles (56). The other end of the connecting tube (51), which serves as the air outlet, is connected to the lower end of the other sampling inner bottle (56). A bottle cap (54) is connected to the top opening of the sampling inner bottle (56). One of the sampling bottles (5) is connected to an airflow input tube (52), which is connected to the bottom end of the sampling inner bottle (56). A one-way valve (57) is connected to the body of both the connecting tube (51) and the airflow input tube (52). The other sampling bottle (5) is connected to an airflow output tube (53), which is connected to the upper end of the sampling inner bottle (56). Multiple arc-shaped guide plates (510) are connected to the bottom end of each sampling inner bottle (56).

5. The high negative pressure ambient air particulate matter sampler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adsorption sampling bottom mesh (58) set inside the sampling inner bottle (56) for adsorption sampling is arranged in parallel vertically. The adsorption sampling bottom mesh (58) at the bottom end is fixedly connected to the sampling inner bottle (56), and the remaining adsorption sampling bottom meshes (58) are movably arranged inside the sampling inner bottle (56). The absorption sampling partition mesh (59) set inside the sampling inner bottle (56) for absorption sampling is arranged in parallel vertically, and the mesh of two adjacent absorption sampling partition meshes (59) is square mesh and diamond mesh, respectively. The gap between the sampling bottle (5) and the sampling inner bottle (56) is filled with thermally conductive ceramic particles (513).

6. The high negative pressure ambient air particulate matter sampler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer ends of the airflow inlet pipe (52) and the airflow outlet pipe (53) are connected to a docking outer pipe (55). The docking outer pipe (55) has a conical internal friction surface (511) inside. The upper end of the docking outer pipe (55) is connected to a limit ring (512). The converter branch pipe (36) and the outlet branch pipe (37) are connected to a conical face connector (8). The conical face connector (8) is located inside the connector positioning sleeve (42). The outer surface of the conical face connector (8) is provided with an external friction surface (81). The conical face connector (8) is movably sleeved and connected to the docking outer pipe (55).

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