Contact laser assisted rock breaking drill for lunar base extreme environment

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of space resource development and rock breaking, and provides a contact type laser-assisted rock breaking drilling tool for lunar base extreme environment, which comprises a drill bit, a drill rod, a base, a laser emitter and a rotary drive device; the bottom of the base is fixedly connected with the rotary drive device, and the laser emitter is installed above the base; the rotary shaft of the rotary drive device is connected with the drill rod at the bottom, and the drill rod is fixedly connected with the drill bit at the bottom; the rotary shaft, the drill rod and the drill bit are all hollow structures, and the hollow part of the drill rod is a guide hole; the laser emitted by the laser emitter passes through the rotary shaft, the drill rod and the drill bit in sequence to realize the function of laser-assisted rock breaking; the application realizes the cooperative matching of laser-assisted rock breaking and drill rotation, and the periodic emission of laser can reduce energy consumption; the laser directly acts on the rock breaking area, can effectively soften the lunar rock and improve the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit; and the overall structure is compact and suitable for operation requirements under the lunar base extreme environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of space resource development and rock breaking technology, specifically relating to a contact-type laser-assisted rock breaking drill for use in lunar extreme environments. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the extreme lunar environment, fracturing and drilling operations on lunar rocks have long faced significant challenges. The lunar surface is characterized by vacuum, strong radiation, and extreme temperature differences, which severely restricts the performance stability and sampling efficiency of traditional mechanical drilling tools.

[0003] Existing mechanical drilling tools generally suffer from the following problems: First, the tools are difficult to advance in high-strength rocks and suffer severe wear, resulting in a short lifespan; second, the drilling pressure is limited, especially in low-gravity environments where it is difficult to generate effective propulsion; third, the overall structure is complex and the volume is large, which is not conducive to transportation and deployment in lunar missions; and fourth, they cannot intelligently adapt drilling strategies according to different rock types, resulting in low sampling efficiency and high energy consumption.

[0004] As human deep space exploration and lunar base construction continue to advance, the number of large-scale infrastructure construction tasks on the lunar surface is gradually increasing, such as laying lunar regolith roads, excavating foundations for lunar modules, and constructing protective structures. These projects often face challenges such as the hardness and density of the primary lunar rocks, making conventional fracturing methods difficult. Existing lunar operational equipment is mostly based on mechanical rock-breaking devices, which are limited by factors such as vacuum, low gravity, large temperature differences, and dust, resulting in extremely low rock-breaking efficiency, especially in handling large chunks of lunar rock, where there is a significant bottleneck.

[0005] Laser-assisted rock breaking technology, as an emerging energy input method, has the advantages of being non-contact, highly concentrated, and highly controllable. It can effectively reduce mechanical load and improve the breaking path. However, most current laser systems are independent devices and have not yet been integrated with mechanical drilling tools, which cannot meet the requirements of space constraints and continuous operation in lunar base construction. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drill for lunar-based extreme environments, thereby resolving the issues in the prior art. The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0007] A contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drill for lunar-based extreme environments includes a drill bit, drill rod, base, laser emitter, and rotary drive device;

[0008] The base is fixedly connected to the rotary drive device at its bottom, and the laser emitter is mounted on top of the base; the bottom of the rotating shaft of the rotary drive device is connected to the drill rod, and the bottom of the drill rod is fixedly connected to the drill bit.

[0009] The rotating shaft, the drill rod, and the drill bit are all hollow structures, with the hollow part of the drill rod serving as a guide hole. The laser emitted by the laser emitter passes sequentially through the rotating shaft, the drill rod, and the drill bit to achieve the function of laser-assisted rock breaking.

[0010] The top of the drill rod is equipped with a contact-type triggering mechanism, which is used to make the laser emitter emit a laser once when the drill rod and the rotating shaft rotate one revolution.

[0011] Furthermore, the contact-type triggering mechanism includes a conductive pin and a rotating ring; the rotating ring is sleeved on the bottom of the rotating shaft; the rotating ring is fixedly connected to the top of the drill rod and the outer wall of the rotating shaft; the top of the drill rod is provided with a positioning hole for the rotating shaft to be inserted;

[0012] A conductive arc-shaped sheet and an insulating arc-shaped sheet are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating ring; the conductive arc-shaped sheet and the insulating arc-shaped sheet together form a circular ring structure and are sleeved on the rotating ring; the conductive pin abuts against the outer surface of the circular ring structure; the conductive pin is fixedly connected to the first wire, and the conductive arc-shaped sheet is connected to the second wire;

[0013] The first wire and the second wire are connected to a detection power supply to form an electrical circuit. A sensor is installed on the electrical circuit to detect whether the electrical circuit is connected. When the electrical circuit is connected, the laser emitter emits a laser once.

[0014] Furthermore, the contact-type triggering mechanism also includes a front end plate and a fixing ring plate;

[0015] The bottom of the rotary drive device is fixedly connected to the front end plate, the rotating shaft rotatably passes through the front end plate, the front end plate is provided with a groove with an opening facing downwards, the bottom of the front end plate is detachably connected to the fixing ring plate, the fixing ring plate is sleeved on the drill rod, the groove of the front end plate and the fixing ring plate form a receiving cavity, and the rotating ring is disposed in the receiving cavity;

[0016] The top of the fixed ring plate is provided with an annular groove, which is coaxially arranged with the rotating ring. A conductive ring is provided in the annular groove, and the circular structure of the conductive arc-shaped piece and the insulating arc-shaped piece contacts the top of the conductive ring. The conductive ring is fixedly connected to the second wire.

[0017] An adjusting bolt is provided at the top of the fixed ring plate. The adjusting bolt abuts against the conductive ring to adjust the height of the conductive ring.

[0018] Furthermore, a radial hole communicating with the receiving cavity is provided on the outer side of the front end plate. The radial hole is fixedly connected to one end of the housing. The conductive pin is slidably provided in the housing. An elastic element that abuts against the conductive pin is provided inside the housing. The first wire passes through the housing.

[0019] Furthermore, the top of the rotating shaft extends out of the base, and a T-shaped part is provided at the top of the rotating shaft. The T-shaped part is rotatably connected to the base. The laser emitter is mounted on the fixed base, and the bottom of the fixed base is fixedly connected to the base. The fixed base is fixedly connected to the base through a bracket.

[0020] The fixed base is provided with a central hole, which is located in the emission direction of the laser emitter; the base is provided with an intermediate hole that connects to the central hole, and the central hole, the intermediate hole and the hollow part of the rotating shaft are coaxially arranged, and the laser emitted by the laser emitter passes through the central hole, the intermediate hole and the rotating shaft in sequence.

[0021] Furthermore, a support seat is fixedly connected to the base, an air supply device is installed on the support seat, a gas chamber is provided inside the support seat, and the output end of the air supply device is connected to the gas chamber; one end of an air pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the support seat, and the air pipe is connected to the gas chamber.

[0022] The base has a connecting hole on its side, which connects to the central hole. A connector is fixedly connected to the opening of the connecting hole, and the connector is fixedly connected to the air pipe, which connects to the connecting hole. A sliding pin is slidably installed inside the connecting hole, and the sliding pin is connected to the connector via a spring. A guide hole is provided inside the sliding pin, and the guide hole is L-shaped, including a horizontal part and a vertical part. The gas supply device is used to output gas into the air pipe. The gas enters the connecting hole through the air pipe and pushes the sliding pin to slide. When the sliding pin slides to the point where the vertical part is aligned with the hollow part of the rotating shaft, the gas enters the guide hole downwards through the hollow part of the rotating shaft, thereby realizing the function of clearing blockages in the guide hole.

[0023] Furthermore, the drill bit has a hollow structure, with its hollow portion coaxially arranged with the guide hole. A groove is provided at the bottom of the drill bit, and cutting teeth are fixedly connected to the end face of the groove. An installation block is provided inside the groove, and a cover plate is provided at the bottom of the installation block. The cover plate is flush with the bottom of the drill bit and is detachably connected to the drill bit. The installation block is provided with a through hole coaxial with the guide hole. The transmitting end and receiving end of a photoelectric sensor are respectively fixedly arranged on the inner wall of both sides of the through hole. The transmitting end and the receiving end are used to detect whether the through hole is blocked.

[0024] Furthermore, the cover plate is provided with an output hole coaxial with the through hole, and the output hole is a tapered hole that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention realizes the coordinated operation of laser-assisted rock breaking and drill rotation, and the periodic emission of laser can reduce energy consumption; the laser acts directly on the rock breaking area, which can effectively soften lunar rocks and improve the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit; the overall structure is compact and adapts to the operational needs of the extreme environment on the lunar base. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the conductive arc-shaped sheet and the insulating arc-shaped sheet;

[0030] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of point C in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following will be based on embodiments of the present invention. Figures 1-5 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0032] like Figure 1 A contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drill for lunar-based extreme environments includes a drill bit 1, a drill rod 2, a base 3, a laser emitter 5, and a rotary drive device 9.

[0033] The base 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotary drive device 9, and the laser emitter 5 is installed on the top of the base 3; the bottom of the rotating shaft 901 of the rotary drive device 9 is connected to the drill rod 2, and the bottom of the drill rod 2 is fixedly connected to the drill bit 1;

[0034] The rotating shaft 901, the drill rod 2, and the drill bit 1 are all hollow structures. The hollow part of the drill rod 2 is a guide hole 201. The laser emitted by the laser emitter 5 passes through the rotating shaft 901, the drill rod 2, and the drill bit 1 in sequence to achieve the function of laser-assisted rock breaking.

[0035] The top of the drill rod 2 is equipped with a contact-type triggering mechanism, which is used to make the laser emitter 5 emit a laser once when the drill rod 2 and the rotating shaft 901 rotate one revolution.

[0036] The rotary drive device 9 is a prior art technology, such as an electric motor or hydraulic motor. Its rotating shaft 901 is the core output component, which runs through the entire rotary drive device 9 and extends from both ends. Corresponding rotors are mounted on the rotating shaft 901. In specific implementation, the rotary drive device 9 is activated, which drives the rotating shaft 901, drill rod 2, and drill bit 1 to rotate synchronously. As the drill rod 2 rotates one revolution, the contact trigger mechanism is triggered, and the laser emitter 5 emits a laser. The laser passes through the rotating shaft 901, the guide hole 201 of the drill rod 2, and the drill bit 1 in sequence, irradiating the surface of the lunar rock to be broken, realizing laser-assisted rock breaking in mechanical drilling. For each revolution of the drill rod 2 and the rotating shaft 901, the contact trigger mechanism is activated once, and the laser emitter 5 emits a laser accordingly. The laser generated by the laser emitter 5 reaches the rock breaking area directly through the channel formed by the hollow structure of the rotating shaft 901, the drill rod 2, and the drill bit 1, using laser energy to soften the lunar rock and reduce the difficulty of rock breaking. This invention achieves the coordinated operation of laser-assisted rock breaking and drill rotation. The periodic emission of the laser can reduce energy consumption. The laser acts directly on the rock breaking area, which can effectively soften the lunar rock and improve the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit 1. The overall structure is compact and adaptable to the operational needs of the extreme environment on the lunar base.

[0037] In addition, in specific implementation, the base 3 can be installed on the lifting device, which can be a linear electric guide rail, hydraulic cylinder or other device, to realize the lifting of the base 3, thereby realizing the axial feed of the entire drill bit.

[0038] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 The contact-type triggering mechanism includes a conductive pin 6 and a rotating ring 8; the rotating ring 8 is sleeved on the bottom of the rotating shaft 901; the rotating ring 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the drill rod 2 and the outer wall of the rotating shaft 901; the top of the drill rod 2 is provided with a positioning hole for the rotating shaft 901 to be inserted.

[0039] A conductive arc-shaped piece 801 and an insulating arc-shaped piece 802 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating ring 8; the conductive arc-shaped piece 801 and the insulating arc-shaped piece 802 together form a circular ring structure and are sleeved on the rotating ring 8; the conductive pin 6 abuts against the outer surface of the circular ring structure; the conductive pin 6 is fixedly connected to the first wire 602, and the conductive arc-shaped piece 801 is connected to the second wire 1004;

[0040] The first wire 602 and the second wire 1004 are connected to a detection power supply to form an electrical circuit. A sensor is installed on the electrical circuit to detect whether the electrical circuit is connected. When the electrical circuit is connected, the laser emitter 5 emits a laser once.

[0041] When drill rod 2 and rotating shaft 901 rotate, they drive rotating ring 8 to rotate synchronously. The conductive arc-shaped plate 801 and insulating arc-shaped plate 802 on rotating ring 8 rotate together with it. When the conductive arc-shaped plate 801 rotates to contact the conductive pin 6, the electrical circuit formed by the first wire 602, conductive pin 6, conductive arc-shaped plate 801, second wire 1004, and detection power supply is connected. After the sensor detects the connection of the electrical circuit, it triggers the laser emitter 5 to emit a laser beam once. When the insulating arc-shaped plate 802 rotates to contact the conductive pin 6, the electrical circuit is broken, and the laser emitter 5 stops emitting. Both the detection power supply and the sensor are existing technologies. The sensor can be a current sensor, which is connected to a PLC program controller. When current is detected in the electrical circuit, the PLC program controller issues a command to start the laser emitter 5 for irradiation. The PLC program controller is also existing technology.

[0042] In this invention, the rotating ring 8 rotates synchronously with the drill rod 2 and the rotating shaft 901. The conductive arc-shaped piece 801 and the insulating arc-shaped piece 802 on its outer surface alternately contact the conductive pin 6. The conductive arc-shaped piece 801 is conductive while the insulating arc-shaped piece 802 is not conductive. Therefore, the electrical circuit will periodically open and close during rotation. The sensor detects the on / off state of the electrical circuit and then controls the emission and stop of the laser emitter 5, realizing the function of emitting a laser once per revolution of the drill rod 2. The periodic emission of the laser is achieved by combining mechanical contacts with the circuit, which is simple and reliable. The cooperation of the conductive arc-shaped piece 801 and the insulating arc-shaped piece 802 precisely controls the timing of laser emission, ensuring that the laser is emitted once per revolution of the drill bit 1, thus ensuring the effectiveness of laser-assisted rock breaking.

[0043] Furthermore, the contact-type triggering mechanism also includes a front end plate 7 and a fixed ring plate 10;

[0044] The bottom of the rotary drive device 9 is fixedly connected to the front end plate 7, the rotating shaft 901 rotatably passes through the front end plate 7, the front end plate 7 is provided with a groove with the opening facing downward, the bottom of the front end plate 7 is detachably connected to the fixing ring plate 10, the fixing ring plate 10 is sleeved on the drill rod 2, the groove of the front end plate 7 and the fixing ring plate 10 form a receiving cavity, and the rotating ring 8 is disposed in the receiving cavity;

[0045] The top of the fixed ring plate 10 is provided with an annular groove, which is coaxially arranged with the rotating ring 8. A conductive ring 1001 is provided in the annular groove. The circular structure of the conductive arc plate 801 and the insulating arc plate 802 contacts the top of the conductive ring 1001. The conductive ring 1001 is fixedly connected to the second wire 1004.

[0046] The top of the fixed ring plate 10 is provided with an adjusting bolt 1002, which abuts against the conductive ring 1001 to adjust the height of the conductive ring 1001.

[0047] During installation, the rotating ring 8 is placed in the receiving cavity formed by the groove of the front end plate 7 and the fixed ring plate 10, so that the annular structure composed of the conductive arc-shaped piece 801 and the insulating arc-shaped piece 802 on the rotating ring 8 contacts the top of the conductive ring 1001; an annular groove to accommodate the annular structure can be provided on the top of the conductive ring 1001; the height of the conductive ring 1001 is adjusted by turning the adjusting bolt 1002 to ensure good contact between the conductive ring 1001 and the annular structure; when the rotating ring 8 rotates, the conductive arc-shaped piece 801 contacts the conductive ring 1001, so that the electrical circuit forms a path through the conductive ring 1001 and the second wire 1004. The front end plate 7 and the fixed ring plate 10 together form a receiving cavity, providing installation space for the rotating ring 8 and limiting its movement. The conductive ring 1001 contacts the annular structure on the rotating ring 8, connecting the conductive arc-shaped piece 801 to the second wire 1004 as part of the electrical circuit. The adjusting bolt 1002 can adjust the height of the conductive ring 1001 to ensure tight contact between the conductive ring 1001 and the annular structure, ensuring stable electrical signal transmission. The central angle of the conductive arc-shaped piece 801 is much smaller than that of the insulating arc-shaped piece 802. The receiving cavity protects and limits the rotating ring 8, reducing the impact of dust and other contaminants in the lunar environment on the triggering mechanism. The adjustable height of the conductive ring 1001 ensures the reliability of the electrical circuit contact, improving the stability and service life of the triggering mechanism. In addition, a bearing 1003 can be installed between the top of the fixed ring plate 10 and the bottom of the rotating ring 8.

[0048] Furthermore, a radial hole communicating with the receiving cavity is provided on the outer side of the front end plate 7. The radial hole is fixedly connected to one end of the housing 601. The conductive pin 6 is slidably provided in the housing 601. An elastic member 603 abutting against the conductive pin 6 is provided inside the housing 601. The first wire 602 passes through the housing 601.

[0049] Under the elastic force of the elastic element 603, the conductive pin 6 always abuts against the annular structure on the rotating ring 8, and the first wire 602 passes through the elastic element 603 and the housing 601; when the rotating ring 8 rotates, the conductive arc-shaped piece 801 and the insulating arc-shaped piece 802 alternately pass through the end of the conductive pin 6, maintaining contact with the annular structure; the elastic force generated by the elastic element 603 makes the conductive pin 6 tightly abut against the annular structure of the rotating ring 8; the elastic element 603 can be made of rubber, spring or other components.

[0050] The housing 601, the fixing ring plate 10, and the front end plate 7 are preferably insulators, such as plastic, ceramic, or other materials.

[0051] like Figure 2The top of the rotating shaft 901 extends out of the base 3. A T-shaped part is provided on the top of the rotating shaft 901. The T-shaped part is rotatably connected to the base 503. The laser emitter 5 is mounted on the fixed base 501. The bottom of the fixed base 501 is fixedly connected to the base 503. The fixed base 501 is fixedly connected to the base 3 through a bracket.

[0052] The fixed base 501 is provided with a central hole 502, which is located in the emission direction of the laser emitter 5; the base 503 is provided with an intermediate hole that communicates with the central hole 502, and the central hole 502, the intermediate hole and the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901 are coaxially arranged, and the laser emitted by the laser emitter 5 passes through the central hole 502, the intermediate hole and the rotating shaft 901 in sequence.

[0053] After the laser emitter 5 is started, the emitted laser enters the central hole 502 of the fixed base 501 along its emission direction; after passing through the central hole 502, the laser enters the middle hole of the base 503, and then enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901 through the middle hole; the fixed base 501 and the base 503 provide fixed support for the laser emitter 5, and the central hole 502, the middle hole and the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901 are coaxially arranged to form a laser transmission channel.

[0054] Furthermore, a support seat 401 is fixedly connected to the base 3, an air supply device 4 is installed on the support seat 401, a gas chamber 402 is provided inside the support seat 401, and the output end of the air supply device 4 is connected to the gas chamber 402; one end of an air pipe 404 is fixedly connected to the side of the support seat 401, and the air pipe 404 is connected to the gas chamber 402.

[0055] The base 503 has a connecting hole on its side, which connects to the middle hole. A connector 405 is fixedly connected to the opening of the connecting hole, and the connector 405 is fixedly connected to the air pipe 404, which connects to the connecting hole. A sliding pin 406 is slidably disposed in the connecting hole. The sliding pin 406 is connected to the connector 405 by a spring 408. A guide hole 407 is disposed in the sliding pin 406. The guide hole 407 is "L"-shaped and includes a horizontal part and a vertical part. The air supply device 4 is used to output gas into the air pipe 404. The gas enters the connecting hole through the air pipe 404 and pushes the sliding pin 406 to slide. When the sliding pin 406 slides to the point where the vertical part is aligned with the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901, the gas enters the guide hole 201 downward through the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901, thereby realizing the function of clearing the blockage of the guide hole 201.

[0056] When the bottom of the guide hole 201 becomes blocked, the air supply device 4 is activated, and the output gas enters the gas chamber 402 of the support seat 401. The gas enters the air pipe 404 through the gas chamber 402, and then enters the connecting hole of the base 503 through the air pipe 404 and the connector 405. The gas pushes the sliding pin 406 to slide in the connecting hole and stretches the spring 408. When the vertical part of the guide hole 407 of the sliding pin 406 is aligned with the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901, the gas passes through the guide hole 407 and the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901 in sequence and enters the guide hole 201 to clear the blockage. After cleaning, the air supply device 4 is turned off, and the sliding pin 406 is reset under the elastic force of the spring 408. In addition, during cleaning, it is preferable to raise the entire drill bit to a certain height using a lifting device to improve the cleaning effect.

[0057] The connecting hole is a radial hole in the base 503. When the gas supply device 4 supplies gas, the sliding pin 406 moves horizontally to form a structure that passes through the middle hole. The sliding pin 406 seals the middle hole, preventing the gas from rising and affecting the laser emitter 5. The bottom and end of the sliding pin 406 are respectively opened with guide holes 407, allowing the gas to enter the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901 downwards.

[0058] In this invention, the gas supply device 4 provides high-pressure gas, which is transmitted to the connecting hole through channels such as the gas chamber 402 and the gas pipe 404. The gas pressure pushes the sliding pin 406 to slide, connecting the guide hole 407 with the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901, forming a gas flow path. The high-pressure gas enters the guide hole 201 through this path, using the impact force of the gas to clear blockages. After the gas pressure disappears, the spring 408 drives the sliding pin 406 to reset, cutting off the gas flow path. In the lunar environment, the impact force, influenced by the gas pressure, is sufficient to dislodge the blockages, thus achieving the automatic cleaning function of the guide hole 201. The gas supply device 4 is preferably a gas cylinder, which is detachably connected to the support base 401 by bolts, threads, etc., facilitating the replacement of the gas supply device 4. The gas pipe 404 can be equipped with a corresponding valve 403.

[0059] like Figure 5 The drill bit 1 has a hollow structure, with its hollow portion coaxially arranged with the guide hole 201. The bottom of the drill bit 1 has a groove, and the end face of the groove is fixedly connected to the cutting teeth 101. The groove contains a mounting block 104, and the bottom of the mounting block 104 has a cover plate 102. The cover plate 102 is flush with the bottom of the drill bit 1 and is detachably connected to the drill bit 1 by bolts, threads, etc. The mounting block 104 has a through hole coaxial with the guide hole 201. The transmitting end 11 and the receiving end 12 of the photoelectric sensor are fixedly arranged on the inner walls on both sides of the through hole, respectively. The transmitting end 11 and the receiving end 12 are used to detect whether the through hole is blocked.

[0060] Furthermore, the cover plate 102 is provided with an output hole 103 coaxial with the through hole, and the output hole 103 is a tapered hole that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0061] The photoelectric sensor is existing technology. During the drilling process, the transmitting end 11 of the photoelectric sensor continuously emits light signals, and the receiving end 12 receives these signals. When the through hole is not blocked, the receiving end 12 can receive the light signals normally. If the through hole is blocked by a blockage, the receiving end 12 cannot receive the light signals, the photoelectric sensor issues a blockage alarm, and the PLC program controller controls the start of the air supply device 4 and raises the lifting device. The through hole of the mounting block 104 is coaxial with the guide hole 201, allowing the laser to pass through the through hole to reach the rock-breaking area. The transmitting end 11 and the receiving end 12 of the photoelectric sensor are located on both sides of the through hole, forming a light detection path. The cover plate 102 is flush with the bottom of the drill bit 1, so it does not affect the rock-breaking operation of the drill bit 1, and its detachable design facilitates maintenance of the mounting block 104 and the through hole. The bottom of the cutting teeth 101 is formed at a certain height, keeping the output hole 103 away from the rock, forming an anti-blocking structure. The conical structure of the output hole 103 can concentrate gas and improve the gas impact effect.

[0062] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, alterations, substitutions, or variations made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drill for lunar-based extreme environments, characterized in that, It includes a drill bit (1), a drill rod (2), a base (3), a laser emitter (5), and a rotary drive device (9); The base (3) is fixedly connected to the rotary drive device (9) at the bottom, and the laser emitter (5) is installed on the top of the base (3); the bottom of the rotating shaft (901) of the rotary drive device (9) is connected to the drill rod (2), and the bottom of the drill rod (2) is fixedly connected to the drill bit (1). The rotating shaft (901), the drill rod (2) and the drill bit (1) are all hollow structures. The hollow part of the drill rod (2) is a guide hole (201). The laser emitted by the laser emitter (5) passes through the rotating shaft (901), the drill rod (2) and the drill bit (1) in sequence to realize the function of laser-assisted rock breaking. The top of the drill rod (2) is equipped with a contact trigger mechanism, which is used to make the laser emitter (5) emit a laser once when the drill rod (2) and the rotating shaft (901) rotate one revolution.

2. The contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drill for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact-type triggering mechanism includes a conductive pin (6) and a rotating ring (8); the rotating ring (8) is sleeved on the bottom of the rotating shaft (901); the rotating ring (8) is fixedly connected to the top of the drill rod (2) and the outer wall of the rotating shaft (901); the top of the drill rod (2) is provided with a positioning hole for the rotating shaft (901) to be inserted. A conductive arc-shaped piece (801) and an insulating arc-shaped piece (802) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating ring (8); the conductive arc-shaped piece (801) and the insulating arc-shaped piece (802) together form a circular ring structure and are sleeved on the rotating ring (8); the conductive pin (6) abuts against the outer surface of the circular ring structure; the conductive pin (6) is fixedly connected to the first wire (602), and the conductive arc-shaped piece (801) is connected to the second wire (1004). The first wire (602) and the second wire (1004) are connected to a detection power supply to form an electrical circuit. A sensor is provided on the electrical circuit to detect whether the electrical circuit is connected. When the electrical circuit is connected, the laser emitter (5) emits a laser once.

3. A contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drill for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The contact-type triggering mechanism also includes a front end plate (7) and a fixed ring plate (10). The bottom of the rotary drive device (9) is fixedly connected to the front end plate (7), the rotating shaft (901) rotatably passes through the front end plate (7), the front end plate (7) is provided with a groove with the opening facing downward, the bottom of the front end plate (7) is detachably connected to the fixing ring plate (10), the fixing ring plate (10) is sleeved on the drill rod (2), the groove of the front end plate (7) and the fixing ring plate (10) form a receiving cavity, and the rotating ring (8) is disposed in the receiving cavity; The top of the fixed ring plate (10) is provided with an annular groove, which is coaxially arranged with the rotating ring (8). A conductive ring (1001) is provided in the annular groove. The circular structure of the conductive arc plate (801) and the insulating arc plate (802) contacts the top of the conductive ring (1001). The conductive ring (1001) is fixedly connected to the second wire (1004). The top of the fixed ring plate (10) is provided with an adjusting bolt (1002), which abuts against the conductive ring (1001) to adjust the height of the conductive ring (1001).

4. A contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drill for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer side of the front end plate (7) is provided with a radial hole that connects to the receiving cavity. The radial hole is fixedly connected to one end of the housing (601). The conductive pin (6) is slidably provided in the housing (601). An elastic element (603) that abuts against the conductive pin (6) is provided inside the housing (601). The first wire (602) passes through the housing (601).

5. A contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drill for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the rotating shaft (901) extends out of the base (3), and a T-shaped part is provided on the top of the rotating shaft (901). The T-shaped part is rotatably connected to the base (503). The laser emitter (5) is mounted on the fixed seat (501). The bottom of the fixed seat (501) is fixedly connected to the base (503). The fixed seat (501) is fixedly connected to the base (3) through a bracket. The fixed base (501) is provided with a central hole (502), which is located in the emission direction of the laser emitter (5); the base (503) is provided with an intermediate hole that connects to the central hole (502), and the hollow part of the central hole (502), the intermediate hole and the rotating shaft (901) are coaxially arranged. The laser emitted by the laser emitter (5) passes through the central hole (502), the intermediate hole and the rotating shaft (901) in sequence.

6. A contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drill for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 5, characterized in that, A support seat (401) is fixedly connected to the base (3). An air supply device (4) is installed on the support seat (401). A gas chamber (402) is provided inside the support seat (401). The output end of the air supply device (4) is connected to the gas chamber (402). One end of an air pipe (404) is fixedly connected to the side of the support seat (401). The air pipe (404) is connected to the gas chamber (402). The base (503) has a connecting hole on its side, which connects to the middle hole. A connector (405) is fixedly connected to the opening of the connecting hole, and the connector (405) is fixedly connected to the air tube (404). The air tube (404) connects to the connecting hole. A sliding pin (406) is slidably provided in the connecting hole. The sliding pin (406) is connected to the connector (405) by a spring (408). A guide hole (407) is provided in the sliding pin (406). The hole (407) is L-shaped and includes a horizontal part and a vertical part. The gas supply device (4) is used to output gas into the gas pipe (404). The gas enters the connecting hole through the gas pipe (404) and pushes the sliding pin (406) to slide. When the sliding pin (406) slides to the point where the vertical part is aligned with the hollow part of the rotating shaft (901), the gas enters the guide hole (201) downward through the hollow part of the rotating shaft (901) to realize the function of gas clearing the blockage of the guide hole (201).

7. A contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drill for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drill bit (1) has a hollow structure, with its hollow part coaxially arranged with the guide hole (201). The bottom of the drill bit (1) is provided with a groove, and the end face of the groove is fixedly connected to the cutting teeth (101). The groove is provided with a mounting block (104), and the bottom of the mounting block (104) is provided with a cover plate (102). The cover plate (102) is flush with the bottom of the drill bit (1). The cover plate (102) is detachably connected to the drill bit (1). The mounting block (104) is provided with a through hole coaxial with the guide hole (201). The transmitting end (11) and receiving end (12) of the photoelectric sensor are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of both sides of the through hole, respectively. The transmitting end (11) and receiving end (12) are used to detect whether the through hole is blocked.

8. A contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drill for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cover plate (102) is provided with an output hole (103) coaxial with the through hole, and the output hole (103) is a tapered hole that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

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