Cable puncture experiment device and experiment method
By using a cable puncture test device that alternates between fine and coarse puncture needles, combined with a rotating turntable and a toothed ring-rack transmission structure, the problems of irreversible damage and incomplete experimental evaluation in cable puncture tests are solved, achieving efficient and comprehensive cable evaluation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511102614.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-05-29
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-04
AI Technical Summary
In existing cable puncture tests, coarse needle puncture can easily cause large-area tearing or penetrating damage to the cable insulation and sheath, and it cannot be compatible with diverse test requirements, resulting in incomplete evaluation.
The device uses both fine and coarse puncture needles alternately, and the same position can be punctured alternately by rotating the turntable. The fine needle simulates micro-damage, while the coarse needle simulates high-stress damage. Combined with the toothed ring-rack drive and ratchet one-way locking structure, it can achieve automatic position adjustment and needle switching, avoiding irreversible damage.
It enables the gradual expansion of the cable puncture site without irreversible damage, is compatible with diverse experimental needs, and improves experimental efficiency and comprehensiveness.
Smart Images
Figure CN120890891A_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] The present application claims priority to the prior application with the application date of 2025-5-29 and the application number of 2025107063508. TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present application belongs to the technical field of cable piercing, and in particular relates to a cable piercing experiment device and an experiment method of the cable piercing experiment device. BACKGROUND
[0003] Cable piercing experiments are key testing means for simulating mechanical damage (such as piercing, cutting) or human detection needs (such as fault positioning, performance evaluation) of cables. By controlling the size, material, piercing speed and environmental conditions of the piercing needle, the damage resistance of the cable insulation layer, sheath and other structures can be quantitatively analyzed, or the fault scene under real working conditions can be simulated.
[0004] In cable piercing experiments or related applications, a thick piercing needle is usually used for piercing treatment, but the thick needle piercing is easy to cause irreversible damage such as large-area tearing or penetrating damage of the cable insulation layer, sheath and other structures, and cannot be compatible with diversified experimental needs, and the evaluation is not comprehensive. SUMMARY
[0005] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present application proposes the following technical solutions:
[0006] The cable piercing experiment device comprises a bearing table, a thin piercing needle, a thick piercing needle and a reciprocating rotating turntable, the thin piercing needle and the thick piercing needle are connected to an experiment device through a line at the end, and a piercing connection assembly connected to an external power unit is arranged between the thin piercing needle and the thick piercing needle on both sides of the turntable, and the piercing connection assembly is used for moving the thin piercing needle or the thick piercing needle downward for piercing treatment.
[0007] After the piercing connection assembly moves the thin piercing needle downward, the thin piercing needle is inserted into the cable for micro-damage simulation, and after the thin piercing needle is retracted, the turntable drives the thick piercing needle to rotate clockwise to the same piercing position, and then the piercing connection assembly moves the thick piercing needle downward, and the thick piercing needle is inserted at the piercing position of the thin piercing needle for large stress damage simulation, so that the piercing position of the test cable is gradually expanded by the thick piercing needle without causing irreversible damage, and the thin piercing needle and the thick piercing needle are used alternately to be compatible with diversified experimental needs to comprehensively evaluate the test cable.
[0008] As the preferred technical scheme of the above, the turntable is provided with a clamping mechanism on one side, the clamping mechanism is used for tightly clamping the test cable, a self-adjusting assembly is arranged between the turntable and the clamping mechanism, when the turntable rotates clockwise, the self-adjusting assembly is in a suppression state, only the turntable rotates, when the turntable rotates counterclockwise, the self-adjusting assembly is in an activation state, the turntable drives the clamping mechanism and the test cable to move and adjust the test position through the self-adjusting assembly.
[0009] As the preferred technical scheme of the above, the self-adjusting assembly comprises a gear ring and a gear rack fixedly connected with the clamping mechanism, and the gear ring is coaxially arranged with the turntable.
[0010] As the preferred technical scheme of the above, a plurality of ratchet blocks are circumferentially arranged inside the gear ring, a plurality of ratchet grooves are circumferentially arranged on the inner side of the gear ring, one end of the ratchet block is rotatably inserted into the bottom of the turntable, and a torsional spring is arranged at the insertion position of the ratchet block and the turntable.
[0011] As the preferred technical scheme of the above, the ratchet block is inclined towards the clockwise direction, and the ratchet groove is matched with the ratchet block.
[0012] As the preferred technical scheme of the above, the puncture connecting assembly comprises a matching frame and two mounting blocks, the matching frame is connected with the output end of the external power part, the fine puncture needle or the thick puncture needle is fixedly connected with the corresponding mounting block, and the mounting block is provided with a spring between the turntable.
[0013] As the preferred technical scheme of the above, the mounting block is provided with an insertion block on one side, the insertion block is in a cylindrical shape, and when the turntable drives the two mounting blocks to rotate, the two insertion blocks are alternately inserted into the matching frame.
[0014] As the preferred technical scheme of the above, the mounting block is provided with a limiting rod on both sides, one end of the limiting rod is movably inserted into the inside of the turntable to limit the movement path of the mounting block.
[0015] The experimental method of the cable puncture experiment device comprises the following steps:
[0016] S1, preparation of a test piece;
[0017] The cable to be tested is cut, and the cut test cable is tightly clamped at the to-be-tested position;
[0018] S2, micro-damage simulation;
[0019] The fine puncture needle is vertically inserted into the cable at a speed driven by the puncture connecting assembly, and the insertion state is maintained after reaching the preset depth, during which the insulation resistance change and the partial discharge amount are recorded;
[0020] S3, test adjustment;
[0021] After the fine puncture needle is withdrawn, the rotating disc drives the thick puncture needle to rotate to the same puncture position in a clockwise direction, and then the puncture connecting assembly moves the thick puncture needle downward;
[0022] S4, large stress damage simulation;
[0023] The thick puncture needle is inserted into the puncture position of the fine puncture needle, and each time the puncture depth is increased to simulate large stress damage, and the thick puncture needle is withdrawn after the test is completed;
[0024] S5, alternating test;
[0025] The rotating disc rotates in a counterclockwise direction to drive the fine puncture needle and the thick puncture needle to rotate back, and the above steps are repeated to perform multiple experiments after changing the test cable test position;
[0026] S6, data summary;
[0027] The data in the micro-damage simulation and the large stress damage simulation are summarized and processed, and the data information of the test cable is obtained through data processing.
[0028] The beneficial effects of the present application are:
[0029] 1. The fine puncture needle and the thick puncture needle are arranged to simulate cable micro-damage and large stress damage respectively, the rotating disc is rotated to realize alternating puncture at the same position, the continuous puncture process of "micro-damage first and then stress expansion" is adopted, the puncture position of the test cable is gradually expanded by the thick puncture needle and cannot cause irreversible damage, and the alternating use of the fine puncture needle and the thick puncture needle can meet the diversified experimental requirements to comprehensively evaluate the test cable;
[0030] 2. The gear ring-rack transmission and the ratchet one-way locking structure are used to realize "one-way rotation" under the control of the rotating direction of the rotating disc. When rotating clockwise, the ratchet block passes through the ratchet groove position, the rotating disc rotates alone to switch the thick puncture needle, when rotating counterclockwise, the ratchet block is clamped into the ratchet groove, the gear ring, the rack and the clamping mechanism are translated, the cable test position is automatically switched, the automatic linkage of "puncture needle switching" and "test position adjustment" is realized, and multiple position tests can be continuously performed, thereby greatly improving the experimental efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0031] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of the embodiment is shown;
[0032] Figure 2 The installation position diagram of the self-adjusting assembly in the embodiment is shown;
[0033] Figure 3 The replacement completion diagram of the thick puncture needle in the embodiment is shown;
[0034] Figure 4 The linkage state diagram of the self-adjusting assembly in the embodiment is shown;
[0035] Figure 5 An installation position diagram of the puncture connection assembly in the embodiment is shown.
[0036] In the figure: 10, a bearing table; 20, a fine puncture needle; 30, a thick puncture needle; 40, a rotating disc; 50, a puncture connection assembly; 51, a matching frame; 52, an installation block; 53, a spring; 54, an insertion block; 55, a limiting rod; 60, a clamping mechanism; 70, a self-adjusting assembly; 71, a gear ring; 72, a rack; 73, a ratchet block; 74, a ratchet groove; 80, a test cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments and the drawings of the specification.
[0038] Figures 1-5 In the embodiment, the cable puncture experiment device comprises a bearing table 10, a fine puncture needle 20, a thick puncture needle 30 and a reciprocating rotating disc 40, the end of the fine puncture needle 20 and the thick puncture needle 30 is connected with an experiment device through a line, the two sides of the rotating disc 40 and the fine puncture needle 20 and the thick puncture needle 30 are both provided with a puncture connection assembly 50 connected with an external power part, and the puncture connection assembly 50 is used for moving the fine puncture needle 20 or the thick puncture needle 30 downward to perform puncture treatment.
[0039] After the puncture connection assembly 50 moves the fine puncture needle 20 downward, the fine puncture needle 20 is inserted into a cable to perform micro-damage simulation, after the fine puncture needle 20 is retracted, the rotating disc 40 drives the thick puncture needle 30 to rotate clockwise to the same puncture position, then the puncture connection assembly 50 moves the thick puncture needle 30 downward, and the thick puncture needle 30 is inserted at the puncture position of the fine puncture needle 20 to perform large stress damage simulation, the puncture position of the test cable 80 is gradually expanded by the thick puncture needle 30 and cannot cause irreversible damage, and the fine puncture needle 20 and the thick puncture needle 30 are used alternately to be compatible with diversified experimental requirements to comprehensively evaluate the test cable 80.
[0040] In the piercing experiment of the cable, the cable to be experimented is cut, and the cut test cable 80 is clamped tightly at the position to be tested by the clamping assembly. The piercing connection assembly 50 drives the fine piercing needle 20 to vertically pierce into the cable at a speed, and keeps the insertion state after reaching the preset depth. During this period, the change of insulation resistance and the amount of partial discharge are recorded. After the fine piercing needle 20 is withdrawn, the disc 40 drives the thick piercing needle 30 to rotate clockwise to the same piercing position. Then the piercing connection assembly 50 moves the thick piercing needle 30 downward. The thick piercing needle 30 is inserted at the piercing position of the fine piercing needle 20. Each time, the piercing depth is increased to simulate the large stress damage. After the test is completed, the thick piercing needle 30 is withdrawn. The disc 40 drives the fine piercing needle 20 and the thick piercing needle 30 to rotate counterclockwise. After the test position of the test cable 80 is changed, the above steps are repeated for multiple experiments. Then the data in the micro-damage simulation and the large stress damage simulation are processed. Through data processing, the data information of the test cable 80 is obtained.
[0041] The fine piercing needle 20 and the thick piercing needle 30 are arranged to simulate the micro-damage and the large stress damage of the cable respectively. The rotation of the disc 40 realizes the alternate piercing at the same position. The continuous piercing process of “first micro-damage and then stress expansion” is adopted. The piercing position of the test cable 80 is gradually expanded by the thick piercing needle 30, which will not cause irreversible damage. The fine piercing needle 20 and the thick piercing needle 30 used alternately can meet the diversified experimental requirements to comprehensively evaluate the test cable 80.
[0042] The experimental method of the cable piercing experiment device comprises the following steps:
[0043] S1, specimen preparation;
[0044] The cable to be experimented is cut, and the cut test cable 80 is clamped tightly at the position to be tested;
[0045] S2, micro-damage simulation;
[0046] The piercing connection assembly 50 drives the fine piercing needle 20 to vertically pierce into the cable at a speed, and keeps the insertion state after reaching the preset depth. During this period, the change of insulation resistance and the amount of partial discharge are recorded.
[0047] S3, test adjustment;
[0048] After the fine piercing needle 20 is withdrawn, the disc 40 drives the thick piercing needle 30 to rotate clockwise to the same piercing position. Then the piercing connection assembly 50 moves the thick piercing needle 30 downward.
[0049] S4, large stress damage simulation;
[0050] The thick piercing needle 30 is inserted at the piercing position of the fine piercing needle 20. Each time, the piercing depth is increased to simulate the large stress damage. After the test is completed, the thick piercing needle 30 is withdrawn.
[0051] S5, alternating test;
[0052] The rotating disc 40 rotates counterclockwise to drive the fine puncture needle 20 and the thick puncture needle 30 to rotate, and the above steps are repeated to perform multiple experiments after changing the test position of the test cable 80.
[0053] S6, data collection;
[0054] The data in the micro-damage simulation and the large stress damage simulation are collected and processed to obtain the data information of the test cable 80.
[0055] Figures 1-4 In the process, the rotating disc 40 is provided with a clamping mechanism 60 on one side, the clamping mechanism 60 is used to tightly clamp the test cable 80, and the rotating disc 40 and the clamping mechanism 60 are provided with a self-adjusting assembly 70, when the rotating disc 40 rotates clockwise, the self-adjusting assembly 70 is in a suppression state, only the rotating disc 40 rotates, when the rotating disc 40 rotates counterclockwise, the self-adjusting assembly 70 is in an activated state, and the rotating disc 40 drives the clamping mechanism 60 and the test cable 80 to move and adjust the test position through the self-adjusting assembly 70.
[0056] The self-adjusting assembly 70 comprises a gear ring 71 and a rack 72 fixedly connected with the clamping mechanism 60, and the gear ring 71 is coaxially arranged with the rotating disc 40.
[0057] A plurality of ratchet blocks 73 are circumferentially arranged inside the gear ring 71, a plurality of ratchet grooves 74 are circumferentially arranged on the inner side of the gear ring 71, one end of the ratchet block 73 is rotatably inserted into the bottom of the rotating disc 40, and a torsional spring is arranged at the insertion position of the ratchet block 73 and the rotating disc 40.
[0058] The ratchet block 73 is inclined towards the clockwise direction, and the ratchet groove 74 is matched with the ratchet block 73.
[0059] When the rotating disc 40 rotates clockwise, since the ratchet block 73 is inclined towards the clockwise direction and the ratchet groove 74 is matched with the ratchet block 73, the rotating disc 40 drives the plurality of ratchet blocks 73 to pass through the position of the ratchet groove 74, the gear ring 71 does not rotate and remains stationary, and the self-adjusting assembly 70 is in a suppression state, while when the rotating disc 40 rotates counterclockwise, the ratchet block 73 drives the gear ring 71 to rotate through the position of the ratchet groove 74, the rack 72 moves to drive the clamping mechanism 60 to move, and the test cable 80 automatically changes the test position.
[0060] The tooth ring 71-rack 72 transmission and the ratchet one-way locking structure are used to realize the "one-way rotation" under the rotation direction control of the rotating disc 40. When rotating clockwise, the ratchet block 73 passes through the ratchet groove 74 position, the rotating disc 40 rotates alone to switch the thick puncture needle 30, and when rotating counterclockwise, the ratchet block 73 is clamped into the ratchet groove 74, the tooth ring 71, the rack 72 and the clamping mechanism 60 are translated, the cable test position is automatically switched, the automatic linkage of "puncture needle switching" and "test position adjustment" is realized, the continuous multi-position test can be carried out, and the experimental efficiency is greatly improved.
[0061] Figures 1-5 In the embodiment, the puncture connection assembly 50 comprises a fitting frame 51 and two mounting blocks 52, the fitting frame 51 is connected with the output end of the external power part, the thin puncture needle 20 or the thick puncture needle 30 is fixedly connected with the corresponding mounting block 52, and the spring 53 is arranged between the mounting block 52 and the rotating disc 40.
[0062] One side of the mounting block 52 is provided with an insertion block 54, the insertion block 54 is in a cylindrical shape, when the rotating disc 40 drives the two mounting blocks 52 to rotate, the two insertion blocks 54 are alternately inserted into the fitting frame 51.
[0063] The mounting block 52 is provided with a limiting rod 55 on both sides, one end of the limiting rod 55 is movably inserted into the inside of the rotating disc 40 for limiting the movement path of the mounting block 52.
[0064] When the thin puncture needle 20 or the thick puncture needle 30 is used for puncture, the fitting frame 51 is lowered by the external power part, because one end of the insertion block 54 is inserted into the fitting frame 51, the insertion block 54 drives the mounting block 52 to move to complete the puncture work, when the mounting block 52 is lowered, the two limiting rods 55 limit the movement path of the mounting block 52, the vertical insertion of the thin puncture needle 20 or the thick puncture needle 30 is ensured, and in the process of lowering the mounting block 52, the spring 53 structure can buffer the impact force in the puncture moment, and the puncture depth out of control or the excessive damage of the cable caused by rigid contact is avoided.
[0065] The puncture needle is connected with the rotating disc 40 through the spring 53, and the insertion block 54 (cylindrical) cooperates with the fitting frame 51 to realize the "downward puncture-rebound reset" action. The spring 53 structure can buffer the impact force in the puncture moment, avoid the puncture depth out of control or the excessive damage of the cable caused by rigid contact, and ensure the accurate insertion of the thick needle along the original track of the thin needle.
[0066] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit them.
Claims
1. A cable puncture test apparatus, characterized in that, include: The device includes a support platform (10), a fine puncture needle (20), a coarse puncture needle (30), and a reciprocating rotating turntable (40). The ends of the fine puncture needle (20) and the coarse puncture needle (30) are connected to the experimental equipment via wiring. Both sides of the turntable (40) are provided with puncture connection components (50) that are connected to an external power unit. The puncture connection components (50) are used to move the fine puncture needle (20) or the coarse puncture needle (30) down for puncture treatment. After the puncture connection assembly (50) moves the fine puncture needle (20) down, the fine puncture needle (20) is inserted into the cable to simulate micro-damage. After the fine puncture needle (20) is retracted, the turntable (40) rotates clockwise to rotate the coarse puncture needle (30) to the same puncture position. Then the puncture connection assembly (50) moves the coarse puncture needle (30) down, and the coarse puncture needle (30) is inserted at the puncture position of the fine puncture needle (20) to simulate damage under high stress. The puncture position of the test cable (80) is gradually expanded by the coarse puncture needle (30) without causing irreversible damage. The alternating use of the fine puncture needle (20) and the coarse puncture needle (30) can accommodate diverse experimental requirements to comprehensively evaluate the test cable (80).
2. The cable puncture test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A clamping mechanism (60) is provided on one side of the turntable (40). The clamping mechanism (60) is used to tightly clamp the test cable (80). A self-adjusting component (70) is provided between the turntable (40) and the clamping mechanism (60). When the turntable (40) rotates clockwise, the self-adjusting component (70) is in a suppressed state, and only the turntable (40) rotates. When the turntable (40) rotates counterclockwise, the self-adjusting component (70) is in an activated state. The turntable (40) drives the clamping mechanism (60) and the test cable (80) to move and adjust the test position through the self-adjusting component (70).
3. The cable puncture test apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The self-adjusting assembly (70) includes a toothed ring (71) and a rack (72) fixedly connected to the clamping mechanism (60), wherein the toothed ring (71) is coaxially arranged with the turntable (40).
4. The cable puncture test apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The toothed ring (71) has a plurality of ratchet blocks (73) arranged circumferentially inside, and a plurality of ratchet grooves (74) are opened circumferentially on the inner side of the toothed ring (71). One end of the ratchet block (73) is rotatably inserted into the bottom of the turntable (40), and a torsion spring is provided at the insertion point between the ratchet block (73) and the turntable (40).
5. The cable puncture test apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ratchet block (73) is inclined in a clockwise direction, and the ratchet groove (74) matches the ratchet block (73).
6. The cable puncture test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The puncture connection assembly (50) includes a mating frame (51) and two mounting blocks (52). The mating frame (51) is connected to the output end of the external power unit. The fine puncture needle (20) or the coarse puncture needle (30) is fixedly connected to the corresponding mounting block (52). A spring (53) is provided between the mounting block (52) and the turntable (40).
7. The cable puncture test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, An insertion block (54) is provided on one side of the mounting block (52). The insertion block (54) is cylindrical. When the turntable (40) drives the two mounting blocks (52) to rotate, the two insertion blocks (54) are alternately inserted into the mating frame (51).
8. The cable puncture test apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, Limiting rods (55) are provided on both sides of the mounting block (52). One end of the limiting rod (55) is movably inserted into the turntable (40) to limit the movement path of the mounting block (52).
9. The experimental method of the cable puncture test apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Specimen preparation; Cut the cable to be tested and clamp the cut test cable (80) tightly at the test position; S2, Micro-damage simulation; The puncture connection assembly (50) speed drives the fine puncture needle (20) to vertically puncture the cable. After reaching the preset depth, it maintains this insertion state, and records the change in insulation resistance and the amount of partial discharge during the process. S3, Test Adjustment; After the fine puncture needle (20) is retracted, the turntable (40) rotates clockwise to rotate the coarse puncture needle (30) to the same puncture position, and then the puncture connection assembly (50) moves the coarse puncture needle (30) down; S4, High Stress Damage Simulation; The coarse puncture needle (30) is inserted at the puncture position of the fine puncture needle (20), and the puncture depth is increased each time to simulate damage under high stress. After the test is completed, the coarse puncture needle (30) is withdrawn. S5, Alternating Test; Rotate the turntable (40) counterclockwise to rotate the fine puncture needle (20) and the coarse puncture needle (30) back. After changing the test position of the test cable (80), repeat the above steps to conduct multiple experiments. S6. Data summary; The data from the micro-damage simulation and the high-stress damage simulation are summarized and processed to obtain the data information of the test cable (80).