A device for preventing ash blocking for a flue heat exchanger of a thermal power plant

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers, and provides a dust blocking prevention device suitable for a flue heat exchanger of a thermal power plant, which comprises a shell, air inlet and outlet pipes communicated with both ends of the shell, a guide cylinder fixedly installed in the shell, the guide cylinder opening facing the air inlet pipe and the guide cylinder air outlet end being communicated with a separation cylinder, a rotating plate rotatably installed in the separation cylinder, two groups of filter cylinders fixedly installed on the rotating plate and communicated with the separation cylinder, the filter cylinder being provided with an inclined section and a first filter screen fixedly installed on the side wall of the inclined section, and the end of the filter cylinder away from the rotating plate being provided as a collecting cavity. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the application are as follows: during operation, the dust impurities on the first filter screen can be scraped off by the scraper, automatic cleaning of the first filter screen is realized, and the cleaned dust impurities can be automatically removed from the first filter screen.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers, and particularly relates to a dust blocking prevention device suitable for a flue heat exchanger of a thermal power plant. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the actual flue gas temperature inside the power plant is higher than the designed flue gas temperature. With the implementation of the national energy-saving and emission-reducing policy, some power plants install heat exchangers at the tail of the boiler to reduce the temperature of the flue gas, thereby improving the energy utilization rate, improving the air environment quality, and ensuring the safety of power supply.

[0003] The existing flue heat exchanger of the thermal power plant will cause serious dust accumulation inside the heat exchanger due to the reduced flow rate of the flue gas, thereby reducing the effective area of the heat exchanger and the heat exchange effect, and the cross-sectional area of the flue gas flow inside the heat exchanger becomes smaller. When the dust accumulation inside the heat exchanger is serious, the heat exchanger will be blocked. In view of the above technical problems, the Chinese patent with the patent announcement number CN210635097U filters the air entering the heat exchanger in advance by using the first filter screen and the second filter screen. However, the first filter screen and the second filter screen need to be manually taken out and cleaned after a long period of use, which reduces the working efficiency of the equipment. Moreover, as the use time increases, the filtering effect of the first filter screen and the second filter screen will decrease, which affects the heat exchange efficiency of the subsequent heat exchanger. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a dust blocking prevention device suitable for a flue heat exchanger of a thermal power plant, which solves the technical problems of manual cleaning of the filter component and continuous decrease of the filtering effect of the filter component in the prior art.

[0005] The present application is implemented as follows: a dust blocking prevention device suitable for a flue heat exchanger of a thermal power plant, comprising a shell, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are respectively communicated at both ends of the shell, a guide cylinder is fixedly installed in the shell, the guide cylinder is open towards the air inlet pipe, and a separation cylinder is communicated with the air outlet end of the guide cylinder, a rotating plate is rotatably installed in the separation cylinder, two groups of filter cylinders communicated with the separation cylinder are fixedly installed on the rotating plate, the filter cylinders are provided with inclined sections, first filter screens are fixedly installed on the side walls of the inclined sections, the end of the filter cylinder away from the rotating plate is provided as a collecting cavity, a rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the filter cylinder, the rotating shaft is coaxially arranged with the filter cylinder, scrapers are fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, the scrapers are in sliding contact with the inclined sections of the filter cylinders and used for cleaning the first filter screens, counterweights are fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, and a rotating power element is arranged in the shell to drive the rotating plate to rotate.

[0006] Further technical solutions: the diameter of the inclined section of the filter cylinder gradually increases away from the rotating plate, and the rotating shaft is located in the collecting cavity.

[0007] A further technical solution: A mounting plate is fixedly installed inside the housing, a rotating power component is fixedly installed on the mounting plate with its output end pointing towards the rotating plate, a gear is fixedly installed at the output end of the rotating power component, the gear meshes with a gear ring fixedly installed on the rotating plate, and the gear ring is coaxially arranged with the rotating plate.

[0008] A further technical solution: Multiple sets of support plates are fixedly installed on the side of the filter cylinder, and slide rods are slidably installed on the support plates. The axis of the slide rods is parallel to the axis of the filter cylinder, and a conical cover plate for sealing the first filter screen is fixedly installed at one end of the slide rod near the inclined section of the filter cylinder. An arc-shaped push plate is fixedly installed at the end of one set of slide rods away from the cover plate. An elastic element is fixedly installed on the surface of the push plate near the support plate, and the elastic element is fixedly connected to the support plate.

[0009] A further technical solution: A telescopic component is fixedly installed on the mounting plate, and a ball bearing is fixedly installed at the output end of the telescopic component. The rotation trajectory of the push plate projects onto the mounting plate, covering the position of the telescopic component.

[0010] A further technical solution: A fan is fixedly installed on the outer side of the housing. The fan is connected to a first exhaust pipe that extends into the housing. The end of the first exhaust pipe is rotatably connected to a connecting cylinder. Two sets of second exhaust pipes are connected to the connecting cylinder. The end of the second exhaust pipe away from the connecting cylinder is connected to the collection chamber on the corresponding filter cylinder.

[0011] A further technical solution: A baffle is slidably installed on the filter cartridge, and the baffle is fixedly connected to the cover plate through a connecting plate and is used to seal the second exhaust pipe.

[0012] Further technical solution: The exhaust fan has an outlet connected to a collection box, and a second filter screen is fixedly installed inside the collection box. The outlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the collection box on the side of the second filter screen away from the housing. A return pipe is connected to the collection box, which extends into the housing and is located between the guide tube and the air inlet pipe. The collection box is equipped with a door for cleaning internal smoke and dust.

[0013] A further technical solution: An arc-shaped sealing plate for sealing the inlet of the filter cylinder is fixedly installed inside the separation cylinder.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. During the filtration process, the rotating plate drives the two sets of filter cylinders to revolve. Due to the presence of the counterweight, the shaft rotates during the revolving process of the filter cylinders, causing the scraper and the first filter screen to move relative to each other. The scraper can remove the smoke and dust impurities on the first filter screen. Since the first filter screen is located in the inclined section of the filter cylinder, the smoke and dust will automatically move into the collection chamber inside the filter cylinder under the action of gravity. At the same time, the rotation of the filter cylinder itself causes the bottom position of the filter cylinder to change continuously, which in turn causes the smoke and dust impurities to move in the inclined section of the filter cylinder and on the first filter screen, thereby improving the fluidity of the smoke and dust impurities and enabling them to move stably to the collection chamber for collection and storage. The automatic cleaning of the first filter screen is achieved through the combination of the rotation of the filter cylinder and the rotation of the scraper, and the cleaned smoke and dust impurities are automatically moved away from the first filter screen to avoid the accumulation of smoke and dust impurities on the first filter screen and ensure the filtration effect of the first filter screen.

[0016] 2. During cleaning, the cover plate covers the first filter screen and simultaneously releases the seal on the second exhaust pipe. At this time, the exhaust fan operates, drawing out the smoke and dust impurities in the collection chamber through the first and second exhaust pipes and transporting them to the collection box. Meanwhile, the smoke entering the filter cartridge from the separation cylinder will move along the filter cartridge and be drawn out by the exhaust fan, thus forming a stable airflow in the filter cartridge. The flow of the smoke and dust impurities in the filter cartridge moves towards the collection chamber, further cleaning the smoke and dust impurities in the filter cartridge and on the first filter screen, further ensuring the filtration effect of the first filter screen and improving the cleaning effect of the smoke and dust impurities in the filter cartridge.

[0017] 3. When the end of the filter cylinder moves to the position of contact with the sealing plate, the telescopic component retracts. Under the action of the elastic component, the push plate resets and releases the seal on the first filter screen. As the push plate resets, the baffle slowly closes the second exhaust pipe. When the end of the filter cylinder is completely closed by the sealing plate, during the process of closing the second exhaust pipe, the filtered flue gas inside the housing will enter the filter cylinder in reverse through the first filter screen. This clean flue gas will then clean the inside of the filter cylinder again and backflush the first filter screen, further ensuring the filtration effect of the first filter screen and improving the cleaning effect of dust and impurities inside the filter cylinder. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shell in this invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating plate in this invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the filter cartridge in this invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the closed plate in this invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the filter cartridge in this invention.

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 3 A magnified view of region A1 in the middle.

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 5 A magnified view of region A2 in the middle.

[0027] In the attached diagram: 1. Shell; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Outlet pipe; 4. Guide cylinder; 5. Separation cylinder; 6. Rotating plate; 7. Filter cylinder; 8. First filter screen; 9. Collection chamber; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Counterweight; 12. Scraper; 13. Support plate; 14. Slide rod; 15. Cover plate; 16. Elastic element; 17. Push plate; 18. Baffle; 19. Connecting plate; 20. Mounting plate; 21. Rotating power element; 22. Gear; 23. Telescopic element; 24. Ball bearing; 25. Gear ring; 26. First exhaust pipe; 27. Connecting cylinder; 28. Second exhaust pipe; 29. ​​Exhaust fan; 30. Collection box; 31. Second filter screen; 32. Box door; 33. Return pipe; 34. Sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0029] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figures 1-9As shown, this invention provides an anti-ash clogging device suitable for flue gas heat exchangers in thermal power plants. It includes a housing 1, with an inlet pipe 2 and an outlet pipe 3 connected to both ends of the housing 1. A guide cylinder 4 is fixedly installed inside the housing 1, with its opening facing the inlet pipe 2 and its outlet end connected to a separation cylinder 5. A rotating plate 6 is rotatably installed inside the separation cylinder 5. Two sets of filter cylinders 7, connected to the separation cylinder 5, are fixedly installed on the rotating plate 6. Each filter cylinder 7 has an inclined section, and a first filter screen 8 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the inclined section. The end of the filter cylinder 7 away from the rotating plate 6 is configured as a collection chamber 9. A rotating shaft 10 is rotatably installed inside the filter cylinder 7, coaxially arranged with the filter cylinder 7. A scraper 12 is fixedly installed on the filter cylinder 7. The scraper 12 slides in contact with the inclined section of the filter cylinder 7 and is used to clean the first filter screen 8. A counterweight 11 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 10. The diameter of the inclined section of the filter cylinder 7 gradually increases in the direction away from the rotating plate 6. The rotating shaft 10 is located in the collection chamber 9. A rotating power component 21 that drives the rotating plate 6 to rotate is provided in the housing 1. An installation plate 20 is fixedly installed in the housing 1. The rotating power component 21 is fixedly installed on the installation plate 20 and its output end points to the rotating plate 6. A gear 22 is fixedly installed at the output end of the rotating power component 21. The gear 22 meshes with a gear ring 25 fixedly installed on the rotating plate 6. The gear ring 25 is coaxially arranged with the rotating plate 6.

[0031] In practical application, flue gas enters the housing 1 from the inlet pipe 2, exits the housing 1 from the outlet pipe 3 and enters the heat exchanger. The rotating power component 21 drives the rotating plate 6 to rotate slowly through the meshing gear 22 and gear ring 25. After entering the housing 1, the flue gas enters the separation cylinder 5 under the action of the guide cylinder 4, and then enters the filter cylinder 7. The flue gas entering the filter cylinder 7 will pass through the first filter screen 8, and the first filter screen 8 will filter the dust and impurities in the flue gas. The filtered flue gas exits the housing 1 from the outlet pipe 3.

[0032] During the filtration process, the rotating plate 6 drives the two sets of filter cylinders 7 to revolve. Due to the presence of the counterweight 11, the rotating shaft 10 will rotate during the revolve of the filter cylinders 7, which will cause the scraper 12 and the first filter screen 8 to move relative to each other. The scraper 12 can scrape off the dust and impurities on the first filter screen 8. Since the first filter screen 8 is located in the inclined section of the filter cylinder 7, the dust will automatically move into the collection chamber 9 inside the filter cylinder 7 under the action of gravity. At the same time, in conjunction with the self-revolution of the filter cylinder 7, the bottom position of the filter cylinder 7 changes continuously, and the dust and impurities will also move in the inclined section of the filter cylinder 7 and on the first filter screen 8, thereby improving the fluidity of the dust and impurities and enabling the dust and impurities to move stably to the collection chamber 9 for collection and storage. The automatic cleaning of the first filter screen 8 is achieved through the combination of the revolution of the filter cylinder 7 and the rotation of the scraper 12, and the cleaned dust and impurities can be automatically moved away from the first filter screen 8 to avoid the accumulation of dust and impurities on the first filter screen 8 and ensure the filtration effect of the first filter screen 8.

[0033] In one example of this embodiment, the rotating power component 21 is an electric motor, but it can also be a hydraulic motor or other components that can output rotational power. The first filter screen 8 is automatically cleaned by the electric motor driving the rotating plate 6 to rotate.

[0034] like Figures 1-8 As shown, this invention provides an anti-clogging device suitable for flue gas heat exchangers in thermal power plants. Multiple sets of support plates 13 are fixedly installed on the side of the filter cylinder 7. Sliding rods 14 are slidably installed on the support plates 13. The axis of the sliding rods 14 is parallel to the axis of the filter cylinder 7. A conical cover plate 15 for sealing the first filter screen 8 is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding rod 14 near the inclined section of the filter cylinder 7. An arc-shaped push plate 17 is fixedly installed at the end of one set of sliding rods 14 away from the cover plate 15. An elastic element 16 is fixedly installed on the surface of the push plate 17 near the support plate 13, and the elastic element 16 is fixedly connected to the support plate 13.

[0035] Specifically, a telescopic component 23 is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 20, and a ball bearing 24 is fixedly installed at the output end of the telescopic component 23. The rotation trajectory of the push plate 17 is projected onto the mounting plate 20, covering the position of the telescopic component 23.

[0036] Specifically, an exhaust fan 29 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the housing 1. The exhaust fan 29 is connected to a first exhaust pipe 26 that extends into the housing 1. The end of the first exhaust pipe 26 is rotatably connected to a connecting cylinder 27. Two sets of second exhaust pipes 28 are connected to the connecting cylinder 27. The end of the second exhaust pipe 28 away from the connecting cylinder 27 is connected to the collection chamber 9 on the corresponding filter cylinder 7.

[0037] Specifically, a baffle 18 is slidably installed on the filter cartridge 7. The baffle 18 is fixedly connected to the cover plate 15 through the connecting plate 19 and is used to close the second exhaust pipe 28.

[0038] Specifically, the exhaust fan 29 is connected to a collection box 30, and a second filter 31 is fixedly installed inside the collection box 30. The exhaust fan 29 is connected to the collection box 30 at a position on the side of the second filter 31 away from the housing 1. A return pipe 33 is connected to the collection box 30. The return pipe 33 extends into the housing 1 and is located between the guide tube 4 and the air inlet pipe 2. The collection box 30 is provided with a door 32 for cleaning the internal smoke and dust.

[0039] Specifically, an arc-shaped sealing plate 34 for sealing the inlet of the filter cylinder 7 is fixedly installed inside the separation cylinder 5.

[0040] In practical application, after a set time, a large amount of smoke and dust impurities accumulate in the collection chamber 9. When a set of filter cylinders 7 rotates to a position where the upper push plate 17 can contact the ball bearing 24, the connection position of the second exhaust pipe 28 and the connecting cylinder 27 is located on the lower side of the filter cylinder 7. At this time, the telescopic member 23 extends, causing the ball bearing 24 to contact the push plate 17 and push the push plate 17 to move. The push plate 17 drives the cover plate 15 to move through the slide rod 14 and compresses the elastic member 16. When the cover plate 15 contacts the filter cylinder 7 and completely covers the first filter screen 8, it stops moving. When the cover plate 15 moves, it drives the baffle 18 to move through the connecting plate 19 to release the seal on the second exhaust pipe 28. At this time, the exhaust fan 29 works. The exhaust fan 29 extracts the smoke and dust impurities in the collection chamber 9 through the first exhaust pipe 26 and the second exhaust pipe 28 and transports them to the collection chamber. Inside the collection box 30, the flue gas entering the filter cylinder 7 from the separation cylinder 5 moves along the filter cylinder 7 and is drawn out by the exhaust fan 29, thus forming a stable airflow in the filter cylinder 7. The flow of flue gas causes the dust and impurities in the filter cylinder 7 to move towards the collection chamber 9, further cleaning the dust and impurities in the filter cylinder 7 and on the first filter screen 8, further ensuring the filtration effect of the first filter screen 8 and improving the cleaning effect on the dust and impurities in the filter cylinder 7. The flue gas carrying the dust and impurities enters the collection box 30, and the flue gas passes through the second filter screen 31 and re-enters the housing 1 through the return pipe 33. The second filter screen 31 prevents the dust and impurities from re-entering the housing 1. After long-term use, the dust and impurities in the collection box 30 can be cleaned by opening the box door 32 without affecting the use of the equipment.

[0041] When the end of the filter cylinder 7 moves to the position of contact with the sealing plate 34, the telescopic member 23 retracts. Under the action of the elastic member 16, the push plate 17 resets and releases the seal on the first filter screen 8. As the push plate 17 resets, the baffle 18 slowly closes the second exhaust pipe 28. When the end of the filter cylinder 7 is completely closed by the sealing plate 34, during the process of closing the second exhaust pipe 28, the filtered flue gas in the housing 1 will enter the filter cylinder 7 in reverse through the first filter screen 8. Thus, the clean flue gas will clean the inside of the filter cylinder 7 again and back-flush the first filter screen 8, further ensuring the filtration effect of the first filter screen 8 and improving the cleaning effect of the smoke and dust impurities in the filter cylinder 7. When the push plate 17 resets, the exhaust fan 29 stops working. As the rotating plate 6 rotates, the sealing plate 34 no longer closes the filter cylinder 7, and the subsequent flue gas can re-enter the filter cylinder 7 for filtration.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic member 23 is an electric telescopic rod, or it can be a hydraulic cylinder or other component that can actively change its length. The electric telescopic rod drives the push plate 17 to move. The elastic member 16 is a spring, or it can be a bouncy ball or other elastic component. The spring applies a restoring thrust to the push plate 17.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A device for preventing ash blocking for a heat exchanger of a flue of a thermal power plant, comprising a shell (1), the shell (1) being communicated with an air inlet pipe (2) and an air outlet pipe (3) at two ends respectively, characterized in that, The shell (1) is fixedly provided with a guide cylinder (4), the guide cylinder (4) is open towards the air inlet pipe (2), and the outlet end of the guide cylinder (4) is communicated with a separation cylinder (5); the separation cylinder (5) is rotatably provided with a rotating plate (6); the rotating plate (6) is fixedly provided with two groups of filter cylinders (7) communicated with the separation cylinder (5); the filter cylinder (7) is provided with an inclined section and a first filter screen (8) fixedly arranged on the side wall of the inclined section; one end of the filter cylinder (7) away from the rotating plate (6) is provided as a collecting cavity (9); the filter cylinder (7) is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft (10) coaxially arranged with the filter cylinder (7); the rotating shaft (10) is fixedly provided with a scraper (12); the scraper (12) is in sliding contact with the inclined section of the filter cylinder (7) and used for cleaning the first filter screen (8); the rotating shaft (10) is fixedly provided with a counterweight (11); and the shell (1) is provided with a rotating power element (21) for driving the rotating plate (6) to rotate.

2. A device for preventing ash deposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the inclined section of the filter cylinder (7) gradually increases away from the rotating plate (6); and the rotating shaft (10) is located in the collecting cavity (9).

3. A device for preventing ash deposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell (1) is fixedly provided with a mounting plate (20); the rotating power element (21) is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate (20) and has an output end directed towards the rotating plate (6); the output end of the rotating power element (21) is fixedly provided with a gear (22); the gear (22) is engaged with a gear ring (25) fixedly arranged on the rotating plate (6); and the gear ring (25) is coaxially arranged with the rotating plate (6).

4. A device for preventing ash deposition according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filter cylinder (7) is fixedly provided with a plurality of supporting plates (13) on the side surface; the supporting plates (13) are slidably provided with slide rods (14); the axes of the slide rods (14) are parallel to the axis of the filter cylinder (7); one end of each slide rod (14) is fixedly provided with a tapered cover plate (15) for closing the first filter screen (8) near one end of the inclined section of the filter cylinder (7); one end of each slide rod (14) away from the cover plate (15) is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped push plate (17); the surface of the push plate (17) near the supporting plate (13) is fixedly provided with an elastic element (16); and the elastic element (16) is fixedly connected with the supporting plate (13).

5. A device for preventing ash deposition according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting plate (20) is fixedly provided with an extension element (23); the output end of the extension element (23) is fixedly provided with a ball (24); and the projection of the rotating track of the push plate (17) on the mounting plate (20) covers the position where the extension element (23) is located.

6. A device for preventing ash deposition according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shell (1) is fixedly provided with an air extractor (29) on the outer side surface; the air extractor (29) is communicated with a first air extraction pipe (26) extending into the shell (1); the end of the first air extraction pipe (26) is rotatably connected with a connecting cylinder (27); the connecting cylinder (27) is communicated with two groups of second air extraction pipes (28); and one end of each second air extraction pipe (28) away from the connecting cylinder (27) is communicated with the corresponding collecting cavity (9) on the filter cylinder (7).

7. A device for preventing ash deposition according to claim 6, characterized in that, The filter cylinder (7) is slidably provided with a baffle (18); the baffle (18) is fixedly connected with the cover plate (15) through a connecting plate (19); and the baffle (18) is used for closing the second air extraction pipe (28).

8. A device for preventing ash deposition according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air outlet end of the air extractor (29) is communicated with a collecting box (30), the second filter screen (31) is fixedly installed in the collecting box (30), the position, where the air outlet end of the air extractor (29) is connected with the collecting box (30), is located at the side, where the second filter screen (31) is away from the shell (1), the collecting box (30) is communicated with a backflow pipe (33), the backflow pipe (33) extends into the shell (1) and is located between the guide cylinder (4) and the air inlet pipe (2), and the collecting box (30) is provided with a box door (32) for cleaning internal smoke dust.

9. A device for preventing ash deposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-shaped closing plate (34) for closing the inlet of the filter cylinder (7) is fixedly installed in the separation cylinder (5).

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