High-precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing, and belongs to the technical field of printing devices, the high-precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing comprises a base, a longitudinal sliding table is arranged at the middle position of the top of the base in the width direction, a carrier plate is mounted at the top of the longitudinal sliding table through a sliding seat, and buffer mechanisms are mounted between the two sides of the top of the base and the carrier plate. The inertia balance mechanism composed of the second shell, the fixed pulley, the connecting rope, the balancing weight and the second sliding rod is arranged at the top of the horizontal sliding table, and the printing head is installed at the position, opposite to the balancing weight, of the connecting rope, so that the printing head and the balancing weight can synchronously move in the reverse direction in the horizontal direction. When the printing head completes acceleration, deceleration or reversing motion along linear high frequency, the balancing weight can accurately offset inertia force generated by the printing head, a hot end carried by the printing head and an extrusion mechanism due to inherent mass through the transmission effect of the connecting rope and the fixed pulley, and the core inducement that inertia moment causes bending / twisting of a support is eliminated fundamentally.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a 3D printing device, in particular to a high-precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing, and belongs to the technical field of printing devices. BACKGROUND

[0002] 3D printing technology (additive manufacturing technology) realizes rapid prototyping of three-dimensional entities through layer-by-layer accumulation of materials, and has been widely applied in industrial manufacturing, medical treatment, aerospace and other fields. The printing precision of the formed parts directly determines the dimensional tolerance, surface quality and structural performance. With the increasing demand for high-precision scenarios such as precision parts and bionic structural parts, the dynamic stability of the printing process has become a core restricting factor for precision improvement, and the motion interference between the printing head and the carrier is the main cause.

[0003] On the one hand, in order to ensure the printing efficiency, the printing head needs to frequently accelerate, decelerate and switch directions (such as contour polyline motion and filling reciprocating scanning) in the X / Y plane. However, the printing head and the heat source and extrusion mechanism carried thereby have inherent mass, and the inertial force generated by high-speed motion will form a moment with the motion module connecting point as the fulcrum, causing the bracket to bend or twist, causing the printing head to vibrate at a high frequency (the amplitude is usually 0.1-0.5mm), resulting in uneven printing layer lines and contour offset. However, the existing scheme of simply reducing the mass of the printing head by using lightweight materials also sacrifices the structural rigidity, so that the printing head is easily deformed under the reaction of the extrusion pressure, further affecting the precision.

[0004] On the other hand, the carrier needs to move along the Y axis (front and rear directions) to cooperate with the printing head to complete the interlayer stacking. The existing carrier adopts rigid connection structures such as screw direct drive and motor direct connection slide rail, and lacks effective buffering and damping design. During the printing process, the carrier is prone to shaking when starting and stopping or reversing, and it is difficult to ensure the stability of the whole cycle precision.

[0005] Therefore, a high-precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing is designed to optimize the above problems. SUMMARY

[0006] The application aims to provide a high-precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing. An inertial balance mechanism composed of a second shell, a fixed pulley, a connecting rope, a counterweight and a second slide rod is arranged on the top of a horizontal slide, and a printing head is installed at a position opposite to the counterweight on the connecting rope, so that the printing head and the counterweight can form reverse synchronous motion in the horizontal direction.When the print head completes acceleration, deceleration or reversing action along a straight line at high frequency, the counterweight can precisely offset the inertial force generated by the inherent mass of the print head and the hot end and extrusion mechanism carried by the print head through the transmission action of the connecting rope and the fixed pulley, thereby fundamentally eliminating the core inducement of "inertial torque causing bracket bending / twisting". Compared with the existing solution which only relies on "lightweight material weight reduction", the present design does not need to sacrifice the structural rigidity of the bracket and the print head, and can simultaneously resist inertial deformation and extrusion pressure reaction force, thereby greatly reducing the high-frequency shaking amplitude of the print head, effectively improving the problems of uneven printing layer lines and profile deviation, and making the dimensional tolerance control of the formed part more accurate, and the surface quality and structural performance significantly improved. The present design can be adapted to precision parts, bionic structural parts and other application scenarios with high precision requirements. The inertial balance mechanism further integrates a tensioning assembly composed of a strip-shaped groove, a second sliding block, a third sliding rod, a compression spring, a tension spring and a compression roller, which can realize real-time dynamic adjustment of the tensioning degree of the connecting rope. The synergistic action of the compression spring and the tension spring can adapt to the tension requirement of the print head at different movement speeds, thereby avoiding the problem of "asynchronous movement of the counterweight and the print head" caused by the relaxation of the connecting rope, and ensuring the stability of the inertial offset effect in complex printing paths. At the same time, the second sliding block can flexibly slide along the third sliding rod to adapt to the length change of the connecting rope caused by movement, thereby significantly improving the adaptability of the mechanism to high-frequency and variable-direction movement, and further stabilizing the precision during printing. The device is provided with a lubricating assembly composed of a lubricating oil storage box, a sliding groove, a sliding plate, an extrusion spring, a leakage hole, a quantitative hole and a discharge hole at the top of the second housing, which can realize "follow-up quantitative lubrication" of the fixed pulley. When the print head moves to the maximum extent, the sliding plate in the sliding groove can be moved synchronously, so that the lubricating oil in the quantitative hole can be accurately dropped into the bearing inside the fixed pulley through the discharge hole. The lubricating assembly can not only provide continuous lubrication for the fixed pulley to reduce the rotation resistance and ensure the movement speed, but also avoid the tedious manual lubrication and the pollution of the printing material caused by excessive lubrication. The lubricating assembly can indirectly reduce the precision deviation caused by the jamming of the components while prolonging the service life of the moving components. The device is provided with a buffer mechanism composed of a first housing, a first sliding block, a first sliding rod, a return spring and a connecting rod between the base and the carrier plate. When the carrier starts or stops or changes direction, the return spring can absorb impact energy through elastic deformation, and the smooth sliding of the first sliding block along the first sliding rod can further weaken the shaking amplitude, thereby completely solving the problem of precision fluctuation caused by the lack of buffer in the existing rigid connection of "screw direct drive, motor direct connection sliding rail", and ensuring the position stability of the carrier during the whole printing cycle. Even in the high-frequency cooperative movement of layer stacking, the relative position accuracy of the carrier and the print head can be effectively maintained, thereby avoiding the layer misalignment caused by the shaking of the carrier, and providing a stable foundation for the high-precision manufacturing of the formed part.

[0007] The object of the present application can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] A kind of high-precision 3D printing device of additive manufacturing, including base, the middle position at the top of base is provided with longitudinal slide along width direction, the top of longitudinal slide is installed with carrier plate by slide seat, the both sides of the top of base are installed with buffer mechanism between carrier plate;

[0009] The both sides between the top of base are fixed with support, the top of support is installed with wire roll, the outside of support is equipped with vertical slide, horizontal slide is installed on vertical slide by slide seat, printing head is installed on horizontal slide by slide seat;

[0010] The top of horizontal slide is provided with inertia balance mechanism, inertia balance mechanism includes second shell, second shell is fixed to the top of horizontal slide, both ends in second shell are rotatably installed with fixed pulley, connecting rope is connected around between two groups of fixed pulley, counterweight is fixed at the middle position of one side of connecting rope, counterweight is linearly slid in the interior of second shell, the opposite position of the other side of connecting rope and counterweight is fixedly connected with printing head, printing head and counterweight are reversely synchronous in horizontal plane.

[0011] Preferably, the buffer mechanism includes a first housing, a first sliding block, a return spring, and a connecting rod, the first housing is arranged in parallel on both sides of the longitudinal slide, and the first housing is fixedly connected with the base, a first sliding block is slidably arranged on one side of the first housing close to the longitudinal slide along the length direction, a connecting rod is fixed between the side edge of the first sliding block and the bottom of the carrier plate, and a return spring is arranged between the first sliding block and the inner end of the first housing.

[0012] Preferably, the buffer mechanism further includes a first slide rod, the first slide rod is fixed between both ends of the first housing, and the first slide rod is slidably connected between the first sliding block and passes through the interior of the return spring.

[0013] Preferably, a second slide rod is fixed between both ends of the second housing, the second slide rod is provided in two groups, and the second slide rod is slidably connected between the counterweight.

[0014] Preferably, the inertia balance mechanism further includes a tensioning assembly, the tensioning assembly includes a strip-shaped slot, a second sliding block, a third slide rod, a tension spring, and a compression roller, the strip-shaped slot is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of both ends of the second housing, and the strip-shaped slot is parallel to the width direction of the second housing, a second sliding block is slidably arranged in the interior of the strip-shaped slot, the compression roller is rotatably installed between the second sliding blocks of both ends of the second housing, the compression roller is in contact with the connecting rope, a tension spring is arranged between the second sliding block close to the printing head and the end of the strip-shaped slot, a compression spring is arranged between the other side of the second sliding block and the end of the strip-shaped slot, the compression spring and the tension spring both exert force on the compression roller towards the printing head, a third slide rod is fixed between both ends of the strip-shaped slot, the third slide rod passes through the compression spring and the tension spring and is slidably connected with the second sliding block.

[0015] Preferably, the inertial balance mechanism further comprises a lubricating assembly, the lubricating assembly comprises a lubricating oil storage box, a sliding groove, a sliding plate, a compression spring, a leakage hole, a quantitative hole and a discharge hole, the lubricating oil storage box is fixed at both ends of the top of the second shell, a sliding groove is formed on the side of the lubricating oil storage box close to the print head, the sliding plate is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, the compression spring is arranged between the sliding plate and the end of the sliding groove, the leakage hole is formed in the bottom of the lubricating oil storage box, the quantitative hole is formed in the sliding plate and aligned with the leakage hole, the discharge hole is formed in the middle of the bottom of the lubricating oil storage box, the bottom end of the discharge hole is communicated with the inside of the second shell and faces the bearing on the fixed pulley, and the top end of the print head is attached to the top of the second shell and slides.

[0016] Preferably, transparent windows are vertically arranged on the outer sides of the lubricating oil storage box, and liquid level lines are arranged on the transparent windows.

[0017] Preferably, rubber blocks are fixed to the outer ends of the sliding plate, and anti-skid lines are arranged on the rubber blocks.

[0018] Preferably, the connecting rope is a carbon fiber woven rope, and the single-axis stroke of the connecting rope is less than 400 mm.

[0019] Preferably, a sliding hole matched with the second sliding rod is formed in the counterweight, and a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant bushing is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding hole, and the thickness of the wear-resistant bushing is 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0020] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The application provides a high-precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing, which comprises an inertial balance mechanism composed of a second shell, a fixed pulley, a connecting rope, a counterweight and a second sliding rod arranged on the top of a horizontal sliding table, and a print head mounted at a position opposite to the counterweight with respect to the connecting rope, so that the print head and the counterweight can perform reverse synchronous motion in the horizontal direction. When the print head completes acceleration, deceleration or reversing action along a straight line at a high frequency, the counterweight can accurately offset the inertial force generated by the inherent mass of the print head, the hot end carried by the print head and the extrusion mechanism due to the transmission of the connecting rope and the fixed pulley, thereby eliminating the core cause of "inertial torque causing bracket bending / twisting" from the root. Compared with the existing scheme which only relies on "lightweight material weight reduction", the design does not need to sacrifice the structural rigidity of the bracket and the print head, can resist inertial deformation and extrusion pressure reaction force at the same time, greatly reduces the high-frequency shaking amplitude of the print head, effectively improves the problems of uneven printing layer lines and profile deviation, makes the size tolerance control of the formed part more accurate, and significantly improves the surface quality and structural performance, so that the application scenarios with high precision requirements such as precision parts and bionic structural parts can be adapted.

[0022] The tensioning assembly composed of a strip-shaped groove, a second sliding block, a third sliding rod, a compression spring, a tension spring and a compression roller is further integrated in the inertial balance mechanism, so that real-time dynamic adjustment of the tension of the connecting rope can be realized. The tension demand of the printing head under different motion speeds can be adaptively met by the cooperation of the compression spring and the tension spring, so that the motion of the counterweight and the printing head is avoided from being out of synchronization due to the relaxation of the connecting rope, and the inertial counteracting effect is ensured to be continuously stable in a complex printing path. Meanwhile, the second sliding block can be flexibly slid along the third sliding rod to adapt to the length change of the connecting rope caused by the motion, so that the adaptability of the mechanism to high-frequency and variable-direction motion is significantly improved, and the precision stability in the printing process is further consolidated.

[0023] The lubricating assembly composed of a lubricating oil storage box, a sliding groove, a sliding plate, an extrusion spring, a leakage hole, a quantitative hole and a discharge hole is arranged at both ends of the top of the second shell, so that the "follow-up quantitative lubrication" of the fixed pulley is realized. When the printing head moves to the maximum extent towards both ends, the sliding plate in the sliding groove can be synchronously moved, so that the lubricating oil in the quantitative hole is accurately dropped into the bearing in the fixed pulley through the discharge hole. The fixed pulley can be continuously lubricated to reduce the rotation resistance and ensure the motion rate, and the complexity of manual lubrication and the pollution of the printing material caused by excessive lubrication can be avoided. The service life of the moving part is prolonged, and the precision deviation caused by the jamming of the part is indirectly reduced.

[0024] The buffer mechanism composed of a first shell, a first sliding block, a first sliding rod, a return spring and a connecting rod is arranged between the base and the carrier plate. When the carrier starts or stops or changes direction, the return spring can absorb impact energy through elastic deformation, and the smooth sliding of the first sliding block along the first sliding rod further weakens the shaking amplitude. The precision fluctuation problem caused by the lack of buffer in the existing rigid connection such as "screw direct drive, motor direct connection sliding rail" is completely solved. The position stability of the carrier in the whole printing cycle is ensured. Even in the high-frequency cooperative motion of layer stacking, the relative position precision of the carrier and the printing head can be effectively maintained, the layer misalignment caused by the shaking of the carrier is avoided, and the continuous and stable foundation guarantee for the high-precision manufacturing of the formed part is provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the high-precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing according to the application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a partial structure diagram of the top of the base in a preferred embodiment of the high-precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing according to the application;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a buffer mechanism diagram of a preferred embodiment of the high-precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing according to the application;

[0028] Figure 4Figure 1 is a top view of the horizontal sliding table top structure of a preferred embodiment of the high-precision 3D printing device of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 Figure 2 is a second housing bottom view of a preferred embodiment of the high-precision 3D printing device of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 Figure 3 is a second housing top view of a preferred embodiment of the high-precision 3D printing device of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 Figure 4 is a detailed view of the A portion of the high-precision 3D printing device of the present application; Figure 5

[0032] Figure 8 Figure 5 is a detailed view of the B portion of the high-precision 3D printing device of the present application; Figure 6

[0033] Figure 9 Figure 6 is a lubrication assembly view of a preferred embodiment of the high-precision 3D printing device of the present application.

[0034] Figure 1 is a top view of the horizontal sliding table top structure of a preferred embodiment of the high-precision 3D printing device of the present application;

[0035] 4, buffer mechanism; 401, first housing; 402, first sliding block; 403, first sliding rod; 404, return spring; 405, connecting rod;

[0036] 5, support; 6, wire roll; 7, horizontal sliding table; 8, print head;

[0037] 9, inertial balance mechanism; 901, second housing; 902, fixed pulley; 903, connecting rope; 904, counterweight; 905, second sliding rod;

[0038] 906, tensioning assembly; 9061, strip-shaped groove; 9062, second sliding block; 9063, third sliding rod; 9064, compression spring; 9065, tension spring; 9066, compression roller;

[0039] 907, lubrication assembly; 9071, lubricating oil storage box; 9072, chute; 9073, sliding plate; 9074, extrusion spring; 9075, leakage hole; 9076, metering hole; 9077, discharge hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] To make the person skilled in the art more clear and clear the technical solution of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the drawings, but the implementation manner of the present application is not limited thereto. ​​

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] As Figures 1-9 shown, the embodiment provides a high-precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing, comprising a base 1, a longitudinal slide 2 is arranged at the middle position of the top of the base 1 along the width direction, a load plate 3 is installed on the top of the longitudinal slide 2 through a slide seat, and a buffer mechanism 4 is installed between the two sides of the top of the base 1 and the load plate 3;

[0043] A support 5 is fixed between the two sides of the top of the base 1, a wire roll 6 is installed on the top of the support 5, a vertical slide is arranged on the outer side of the support 5, a horizontal slide 7 is installed on the vertical slide through a slide seat, the horizontal slide 7 adopts ball screw transmission, and a print head 8 is installed on the horizontal slide 7 through a slide seat;

[0044] An inertial balance mechanism 9 is arranged on the top of the horizontal slide 7, the inertial balance mechanism 9 comprises a second shell 901, the second shell 901 is fixed to the top of the horizontal slide 7, two fixed pulleys 902 are rotatably installed at both ends in the second shell 901, a connecting rope 903 is sleeved and connected between the two groups of fixed pulleys 902, a counterweight 904 is fixed at the middle position of one side of the connecting rope 903, the counterweight 904 linearly slides in the second shell 901, the connecting rope 903 is fixedly connected with the print head 8 at a position opposite to the counterweight 904, and the print head 8 and the counterweight 904 move synchronously and reversely in a horizontal plane;

[0045] The total mass m (weighed by a 0.1 g precision electronic scale, such as m = 450 g) of the print head 8 (including a hot end and an extrusion mechanism) is measured, and the mass of the counterweight 904 is determined according to the formula M = k x m (k is a mass coefficient, and the value is 0.95-1.05, such as k = 1.0, M = 450 g); and the counterweight (the material is selected to be high-density tungsten alloy, the density is 19.3 g / cm 3 , the size is 35 mm x 25 mm x 30 mm, the volume is 26.25 cm 3 , the mass is approximately 497 g, and the error is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the counterweight piece) is installed on the connecting rope 903.

[0046] The total working principle is as follows: before the device is started, the wire required for 3D printing is installed on the wire roll 6, and one end of the wire is guided to the feeding port of the print head 8 to complete the material preparation before printing, and according to the size requirement of the printing model, the load plate 3 is driven by the longitudinal slide 2 to move along the width direction of the base 1, and the load plate 3 is adjusted to the initial position for printing;

[0047] During the printing process, the device realizes the three-dimensional movement of the print head 8 through the cooperation of multiple sliding platforms. The vertical sliding platform outside the support 5 drives the horizontal sliding platform 7 to rise and fall in the vertical direction to adjust the layer thickness distance between the print head 8 and the carrier plate 3. The horizontal sliding platform 7 drives the print head 8 to slide in the horizontal direction, which cooperates with the longitudinal sliding platform 2 to drive the longitudinal movement of the carrier plate 3, and together completes the layer-by-layer accumulation of the printed model.

[0048] During this process, the inertia balance mechanism 9 at the top of the horizontal sliding platform 7 plays a core precision guarantee role. When the print head 8 performs high-frequency acceleration, deceleration or reversing action in the horizontal direction, the counterweight block 904 connected to the print head 8 through the connecting rope 903 will make a reverse synchronous linear sliding inside the second housing 901. Through the transmission and guidance of the fixed pulley 902 to the connecting rope 903, the inertia force of the counterweight block 904 can accurately offset the inertia force generated by the inherent mass of the print head 8, the hot end and the extrusion mechanism carried by the print head 8, thereby avoiding the bending or torsion of the support 5 caused by the inertia torque, preventing the print head 8 from appearing high-frequency jitter of 0.1-0.5mm, and ensuring the uniformity of the printed layer and the contour precision. At the same time, the buffer mechanism 4 between the base 1 and the carrier plate 3 further improves the stability of the carrier. When the longitudinal sliding platform 2 drives the carrier plate 3 to start, stop or reverse, the buffer mechanism 4 can absorb part of the impact energy through elastic deformation, reducing the shaking of the carrier plate 3, providing a relatively stable printing substrate for the layer-by-layer accumulation of the print head 8, and realizing the basic operation logic of high-precision 3D printing as a whole.

[0049] Embodiment 2

[0050] The scheme in Embodiment 1 will be further introduced in combination with a specific working mode, as described below:

[0051] In this embodiment, the buffer mechanism 4 includes a first housing 401, a first sliding block 402, a reset spring 404 and a connecting rod 405. The first housing 401 is arranged in parallel on both sides of the longitudinal sliding platform 2, and the first housing 401 is fixedly connected with the base 1. The first housing 401 is slidably arranged with the first sliding block 402 on the side close to the longitudinal sliding platform 2 along the length direction. The connecting rod 405 is fixed between the side edge of the first sliding block 402 and the bottom of the carrier plate 3. The reset spring 404 is arranged between the first sliding block 402 and the inner end of the first housing 401.

[0052] Local working principle: when the longitudinal sliding table 2 drives the load plate 3 to move along the width direction of the base 1 (start, stop or reverse), the load plate 3 will drive the first sliding block 402 to slide along the length direction of the first shell 401 through the connecting rod 405, at this time, the first sliding block 402 will extrude or stretch the reset spring 404 between it and the inner end of the first shell 401, if the load plate 3 moves towards the end of the first shell 401, the first sliding block 402 will compress the reset spring 404, and the elastic reaction force of the reset spring 404 can weaken the impact force of the load plate 3; if the load plate 3 moves away from the end of the first shell 401, the first sliding block 402 will stretch the reset spring 404, and the tension of the reset spring 404 can slow down the movement speed of the load plate 3, through the elastic deformation of the reset spring 404 and the guiding effect of the first sliding rod 403, the precision fluctuation problem of the load plate 3 caused by the rigid connection of the existing "screw direct drive, motor direct connection sliding rail" is completely solved.

[0053] In this embodiment, the buffer mechanism 4 further comprises a first sliding rod 403 fixed between the two ends of the first shell 401, the first sliding rod 403 is in sliding connection with the first sliding block 402 and passes through the inside of the reset spring 404.

[0054] Local working principle: the first sliding rod 403 provides stable sliding guidance for the first sliding block 402, avoiding deviation or jamming of the first sliding block 402 when sliding.

[0055] In this embodiment, the second shell 901 is fixed between the two ends of the second shell 901, and the second sliding rod 905 is provided with two groups, and the second sliding rod 905 is in sliding connection with the counterweight 904.

[0056] Local working principle: during the operation of the inertia balance mechanism 9, the two groups of second sliding rods 905 between the two ends of the second shell 901 provide linear sliding guidance for the counterweight 904, when the print head 8 drives the connecting rope 903 to move the counterweight 904, the counterweight 904 slides along the second sliding rod 905.

[0057] In the embodiment, the inertia balance mechanism 9 further comprises a tensioning assembly 906, the tensioning assembly 906 comprising a strip-shaped groove 9061, a second sliding block 9062, a third sliding rod 9063, a tension spring 9065 and a compression roller 9066, the strip-shaped groove 9061 being arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the two ends of the second shell 901 and parallel to the width direction of the second shell 901, the second sliding block 9062 being slidingly arranged in the strip-shaped groove 9061, the compression roller 9066 being rotatably arranged between the two groups of second sliding blocks 9062 at the ends of the second shell 901, the compression roller 9066 being in contact with the connecting rope 903, the tension spring 9065 being arranged between the second sliding block 9062 close to the printhead 8 and the end of the strip-shaped groove 9061, the compression spring 9064 being arranged between the other side of the second sliding block 9062 and the end of the strip-shaped groove 9061, the compression spring 9064 and the tension spring 9065 both exerting a force on the compression roller 9066 in the direction of the printhead 8, and the third sliding rod 9063 being fixed between the two ends of the strip-shaped groove 9061 and penetrating through the compression spring 9064 and the tension spring 9065 and being slidingly connected with the second sliding block 9062.

[0058] Local working principle: during the reverse synchronous movement of the printhead 8 and the counterweight 904, the connecting rope 903 will have tension fluctuation due to the change of movement speed or long-term use, at this time, the tensioning assembly 906 realizes the continuous tensioning of the connecting rope 903 through dynamic adjustment, the second sliding block 9062 in the strip-shaped groove 9061 on the upper and lower surfaces of the two ends of the second shell 901 can slide along the third sliding rod 9063, the compression roller 9066 between the two groups of second sliding blocks 9062 is always in contact with the connecting rope 903, when the tension of the connecting rope 903 decreases, the tension spring 9065 close to the printhead 8 side of the second sliding block 9062 will pull the second sliding block 9062 to move in the direction of the printhead 8, at the same time, the compression spring 9064 on the other side of the second sliding block 9062 will push the second sliding block 9062 to move in the direction of the printhead 8, the coordinated force of the compression spring 9064 and the tension spring 9065 drives the compression roller 9066 to extrude the connecting rope 903, making up for the loss of tension of the connecting rope 903; if the tension of the connecting rope 903 is too large, the compression roller 9066 will push the second sliding block 9062 in the opposite direction, so that the tension spring 9065 is stretched and the compression spring 9064 is compressed, absorbing the excess tension through elastic deformation, avoiding the rupture of the connecting rope 903 due to over-tightening, the whole process does not need manual intervention, and can adapt to the tension demand of the printhead 8 under different movement speeds, ensuring the synchronous movement of the counterweight 904 and the printhead 8.

[0059] In the embodiment, the inertial balance mechanism 9 further comprises a lubricating assembly 907, the lubricating assembly 907 comprising a lubricating oil storage box 9071, a sliding groove 9072, a sliding plate 9073, an extrusion spring 9074, a leakage hole 9075, a quantitative hole 9076 and a discharge hole 9077, the lubricating oil storage box 9071 being fixed at both ends of the top of the second shell 901, the lubricating oil storage box 9071 being provided with the sliding groove 9072 on the side close to the print head 8, the sliding plate 9073 being slidably arranged in the sliding groove 9072, the extrusion spring 9074 being arranged between the sliding plate 9073 and the end of the sliding groove 9072, the leakage hole 9075 being arranged at the bottom of the lubricating oil storage box 9071, the quantitative hole 9076 being arranged on the sliding plate 9073 and aligned with the leakage hole 9075, the quantitative hole 9076 having a diameter φ2=1.0mm and a depth h=5mm (a volume V=π×(φ2 / 2) 2 ×h≈3.927mm 3 , 3-5μL of lubricating oil is supplied at a time, and the lubricating requirement of the 608ZZ bearing is met);

[0060] The discharge hole 9077 is arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the lubricating oil storage box 9071, the bottom end of the discharge hole 9077 being communicated with the inside of the second shell 901 and facing the bearing on the pulley 902, and the top end of the print head 8 being in sliding fit on the top of the second shell 901.

[0061] Local working principle: the lubricating assembly 907 realizes "follow-up quantitative lubrication" of the fixed pulley 902. The lubricating oil storage box 9071 pre-stores lubricating oil. In normal state, the sliding plate 9073 is located at one side of the sliding groove 9072 close to the print head 8 under the elastic force of the compression spring 9074. At this time, the quantitative hole 9076 on the sliding plate 9073 is aligned with the leakage hole 9075 at the bottom of the lubricating oil storage box 9071, and a certain amount of lubricating oil is stored in the quantitative hole 9076. However, the lubricating oil cannot flow downward because the quantitative hole 9076 and the discharge hole 9077 are misaligned. When the print head 8 moves to the maximum extent along the horizontal direction to the two ends of the second shell 901, the top end of the print head 8 will slide close to the top of the lubricating oil storage box 9071 and push the sliding plate 9073 to move away from the print head 8 along the sliding groove 9072, and the compression spring 9074 is compressed. When the sliding plate 9073 moves to the position where the quantitative hole 9076 is aligned with the discharge hole 9077, the fixed amount of lubricating oil in the quantitative hole 9076 will flow into the discharge hole 9077, and then accurately drop into the bearing of the fixed pulley 902 through the hole at the top of the second shell 901 matched with the discharge hole 9077, so as to provide lubrication for the rotation of the fixed pulley 902 and reduce the rotation resistance. When the print head 8 moves reversely, the elastic force of the compression spring 9074 pushes the sliding plate 9073 to reset, and the quantitative hole 9076 and the discharge hole 9077 are misaligned again to stop oil supply. The process realizes the follow-up mode of "the movement of the print head 8 means lubrication", which avoids the tediousness of manual lubrication, prevents excessive lubricating oil from polluting the printing material, guarantees the smooth rotation of the fixed pulley 902, and reduces the precision deviation caused by the jamming of parts.

[0062] In the embodiment, transparent windows are vertically arranged on the outer sides of the lubricating oil storage box 9071, and liquid level lines are arranged on the transparent windows.

[0063] Local working principle: the vertical transparent windows on the outer sides of the lubricating oil storage box 9071 can directly show the remaining amount of lubricating oil in the box, and the liquid level lines on the transparent windows provide clear supplement standards for the operator. When the operator observes that the liquid surface of the lubricating oil is lower than the lowest liquid level line, the operator can supplement the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil storage box 9071 in time to avoid the lubrication failure of the fixed pulley 902 caused by insufficient lubricating oil and guarantee the long-term stable operation of the inertial balance mechanism 9.

[0064] In the embodiment, rubber blocks are fixed to the outer ends of the sliding plate 9073, and anti-skid lines are arranged on the rubber blocks.

[0065] Local working principle: the rubber block at the outer end of the sliding plate 9073 can increase the friction force when the print head 8 contacts the sliding plate 9073, ensuring that the print head 8 can stably push the sliding plate 9073 when moving, avoiding slipping to cause delay in lubrication; on the other hand, the elasticity of the rubber block can buffer the impact between the print head 8 and the sliding plate 9073, reducing the rigid wear of the two, prolonging the service life of the sliding plate 9073 and the print head 8, and avoiding local vibration caused by impact affecting the printing precision.

[0066] In this embodiment, the connecting rope 903 is a carbon fiber woven rope, and the single-axis stroke of the connecting rope 903 is less than 400 mm.

[0067] Local working principle: the connecting rope 903 is a carbon fiber woven rope, which has high strength characteristics to withstand the tension when the print head 8 and the counterweight block 904 move in opposite directions, avoiding breakage of the connecting rope 903; at the same time, the low elastic deformation characteristics of the carbon fiber material can reduce the tensile deformation of the connecting rope 903 during transmission, ensuring the movement synchronization of the print head 8 and the counterweight block 904, in addition, the single-axis stroke of the connecting rope 903 is less than 400 mm, which corresponds to the horizontal movement of the horizontal sliding table 7, and can adapt to the printing range of most small and medium-sized high-precision 3D printing models, avoiding loosening or winding of the connecting rope 903 due to too long stroke, and ensuring the inertia balance effect.

[0068] In this embodiment, the counterweight block 904 is provided with a sliding hole matched with the second sliding rod 905, and a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant bushing is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding hole, and the thickness of the wear-resistant bushing is 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0069] Local working principle: the polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant bushing on the inner wall of the sliding hole of the counterweight block 904 has very low friction coefficient, which can greatly reduce the friction resistance when the counterweight block 904 slides along the second sliding rod 905, ensuring that the counterweight block 904 can realize real-time reverse synchronous movement with the print head 8, avoiding delay of inertia compensation due to too large friction resistance; at the same time, the wear-resistant bushing can isolate the direct contact between the counterweight block 904 and the second sliding rod 905, reducing the wear amount of the two, prolonging the service life of the counterweight block 904 and the second sliding rod 905, and ensuring the stability of the inertia balance mechanism 9 during long-term operation.

[0070] Embodiment 3

[0071] The schemes in embodiments 1 and 2 will be further introduced in combination with specific working modes, which will be described in detail as follows:

[0072] After the device is started, it first enters a printing preparation stage: the operator inputs printing model parameters through the control system, the device automatically calibrates the initial positions of each slide, the longitudinal slide 2 drives the carrier plate 3 to move along the width direction of the base 1 to the printing starting point, the vertical slide drives the horizontal slide 7 to descend, so that the distance between the printing head 8 and the upper surface of the carrier plate 3 meets the first layer printing layer thickness requirement; at the same time, the wire coil 6 starts to feed the wire to the printing head 8, the printing head 8 is heated to the preset temperature, and the parameter and state calibration before printing is completed.

[0073] After the printing officially starts, each mechanism cooperates to realize high-precision layer-by-layer accumulation: the horizontal slide 7 drives the printing head 8 to move along the horizontal direction according to the model contour path, the printing head 8 extrudes the molten wire to the surface of the carrier plate 3 to complete the first layer printing; then the vertical slide drives the horizontal slide 7 to rise by one layer thickness distance, the longitudinal slide 2 drives the carrier plate 3 to move to the next layer printing position, and the above-mentioned actions are repeated to realize the layer-by-layer superposition of the model.

[0074] In this process, the inertial balance mechanism 9 realizes real-time compensation of the inertial force of the printing head 8 throughout the process: when the printing head 8 is accelerated, decelerated or reversed at high frequency, the connecting rope 903 drives the counterweight 904 to slide in the opposite direction along the second slide 905 through the fixed pulley 902, the inertial force of the counterweight 904 accurately offsets the inertial force of the printing head 8, avoiding the bending and torsion of the support 5 and the shaking of the printing head 8; at the same time, the tensioning assembly 906 dynamically adjusts the tension of the connecting rope 903, the compression spring 9064 and the tension spring 9065 continuously adhere to the connecting rope 903 through the second slide 9062, and the pressure roller 9066 adaptively adjusts the compression force according to the tension change of the connecting rope 903, so as to ensure the synchronization of the movement of the printing head 8 and the counterweight 904, and avoid the inertial compensation failure caused by the relaxation of the connecting rope 903.

[0075] The lubricating assembly 907 realizes quantitative lubrication of the fixed pulley 902 with the movement of the printing head 8: during the printing process, when the printing head 8 moves to the maximum stroke to the two ends of the second housing 901, the push plate 9073 compresses the extrusion spring 9074, so that the quantitative hole 9076 is aligned with the discharge hole 9077, and the lubricating oil is dropped into the bearing on the fixed pulley 902 through the discharge hole 9077, reducing the rotation resistance of the fixed pulley 902; after the printing head 8 moves reversely, the push plate 9073 resets to stop oil supply, which not only ensures the smooth rotation of the fixed pulley 902, but also avoids the waste and pollution of the lubricating oil.

[0076] The stability of the carrier plate 3 is guaranteed by the buffer mechanism 4 throughout the process: when the longitudinal slide 2 drives the carrier plate 3 to start or reverse, the connecting rod 405 drives the first slide 402 to slide along the first slide 403, and the reset spring 404 absorbs the impact energy through elastic deformation, so as to weaken the shaking of the carrier plate 3, ensure the relative position accuracy of the carrier plate 3 and the printing head 8, and avoid layer misplacement.

[0077] When the printing model is completed, the printing head 8 stops extruding the wire and cools down, the vertical sliding table drives the horizontal sliding table 7 to rise to a safe height, the longitudinal sliding table 2 drives the carrier plate 3 to move to the pick-up position, the operator takes down the printing finished product, the device automatically cleans the printing head 8 and the carrier plate 3, and a complete high-precision 3D printing process is completed. During the whole process, the four core mechanisms of inertia balance, dynamic tension, follow-up lubrication and carrier plate buffer work together to control the precision deviation from the motion interference source, and ensure that the size tolerance, surface quality and structural performance of the formed part meet the high-precision scene requirements of precision parts, bionic structural parts and the like.

[0078] The above is only further embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and concept of the present application within the scope disclosed by the present application, which belongs to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An additive manufactured high precision 3D printing device comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The longitudinal slide (2) is arranged at the middle position of the top of the base (1) in the width direction, and the top of the longitudinal slide (2) is provided with the load plate (3) through the slide seat, and the buffer mechanism (4) is arranged between the two sides of the top of the base (1) and the load plate (3). The support (5) is fixed between the two sides of the top of the base (1), the wire roll (6) is arranged on the top of the support (5), the vertical slide is arranged on the outer side of the support (5), the horizontal slide (7) is arranged on the vertical slide through the slide seat, and the print head (8) is arranged on the horizontal slide (7) through the slide seat. The inertia balance mechanism (9) is arranged on the top of the horizontal slide (7), the inertia balance mechanism (9) comprises the second shell (901), the second shell (901) is fixed to the top of the horizontal slide (7), the two ends in the second shell (901) are rotatably provided with the fixed pulley (902), the connecting rope (903) is sleeved and connected between the two groups of fixed pulleys (902), the counterweight (904) is fixed at the middle position of one side of the connecting rope (903), the counterweight (904) linearly slides in the second shell (901), the other side of the connecting rope (903) is fixedly connected with the print head (8) at the position opposite to the counterweight (904), and the print head (8) and the counterweight (904) move synchronously and reversely in the horizontal plane.

2. A high precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism (4) comprises the first shell (401), the first sliding block (402), the reset spring (404) and the connecting rod (405), the first shell (401) is arranged in parallel on the two sides of the longitudinal slide (2), and the first shell (401) is fixedly connected with the base (1), the first shell (401) is provided with the first sliding block (402) which slides along the length direction on the side close to the longitudinal slide (2), the connecting rod (405) is fixed between the side edge of the first sliding block (402) and the bottom of the load plate (3), and the reset spring (404) is arranged between the first sliding block (402) and the inner end of the first shell (401).

3. A high precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism (4) further comprises the first sliding rod (403), the first sliding rod (403) is fixed between the two ends of the first shell (401), and the first sliding rod (403) is slidably connected with the first sliding block (402) and passes through the inside of the reset spring (404).

4. A high precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second sliding rod (905) is fixed between the two ends of the second shell (901), and the second sliding rod (905) is slidably connected with the counterweight (904).

5. A high precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The inertial balance mechanism (9) further comprises a tensioning assembly (906), the tensioning assembly (906) comprises a strip-shaped slot (9061), a second sliding block (9062), a third sliding rod (9063), a tension spring (9065) and a pressing roller (9066), the strip-shaped slot (9061) is arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the two ends of the second shell (901) and is parallel to the width direction of the second shell (901), the inside of the strip-shaped slot (9061) is slidably provided with the second sliding block (9062), the two groups of second sliding blocks (9062) at the ends of the second shell (901) are rotatably provided with the pressing roller (9066) between them, the pressing roller (9066) is in contact with the connecting rope (903), the second sliding block (9062) is provided with the tension spring (9065) between the side close to the print head (8) and the end of the strip-shaped slot (9061), the other side of the second sliding block (9062) is provided with the compression spring (9064) between the end of the strip-shaped slot (9061), the compression spring (9064) and the tension spring (9065) both exert a force on the pressing roller (9066) in the direction of the print head (8), and the third sliding rod (9063) is fixed between the two ends of the strip-shaped slot (9061) and penetrates through the compression spring (9064) and the tension spring (9065) and is slidably connected with the second sliding block (9062).

6. A high precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inertial balance mechanism (9) further comprises a lubricating assembly (907), the lubricating assembly (907) comprises a lubricating oil storage box (9071), a sliding groove (9072), a sliding plate (9073), an extrusion spring (9074), a leakage hole (9075), a quantitative hole (9076) and a discharge hole (9077), the lubricating oil storage box (9071) is fixed at the two ends of the top of the second shell (901), the lubricating oil storage box (9071) is provided with the sliding groove (9072) on the side close to the print head (8), the inside of the sliding groove (9072) is slidably provided with the sliding plate (9073), the sliding plate (9073) is provided with the extrusion spring (9074) between the end of the sliding groove (9072), the bottom of the lubricating oil storage box (9071) is provided with the leakage hole (9075), the sliding plate (9073) is provided with the quantitative hole (9076) aligned with the leakage hole (9075), and the bottom of the lubricating oil storage box (9071) is provided with the discharge hole (9077) at the middle position, the bottom end of the discharge hole (9077) is communicated with the inside of the second shell (901) and is opposite to the bearing on the fixed pulley (902), and the top end of the print head (8) is in contact with the top of the second shell (901) and slides.

7. A high precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outside of the lubricating oil storage box (9071) is vertically provided with a transparent window, and the transparent window is provided with a liquid level line.

8. A high precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end of the sliding plate (9073) is fixed with a rubber block, and the rubber block is provided with anti-skid lines.

9. A high precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The connecting rope (903) adopts a carbon fiber woven rope, and the single-axis stroke of the connecting rope (903) is less than 400 mm.

10. A high precision 3D printing device for additive manufacturing as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The counterweight (904) is provided with a sliding hole matched with the second sliding rod (905), and a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant bushing is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding hole, and the thickness of the wear-resistant bushing is 0.3-0.5 mm.

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