Well-ground long-distance material pneumatic conveying method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pneumatic transportation, and particularly relates to a well-ground long-distance material pneumatic conveying method. Comprising a ground storage system, a power compressed air system, an underground transfer system and an underground working face terminal system. The ground material storage system and the power compressed air system are arranged on the ground, the underground transfer systems are distributed underground at intervals along a material conveying path, the underground transfer systems are sequentially connected into a string to be used for conveying materials in a relay mode, the first-stage underground transfer system is connected with the ground material storage system, and the last-stage underground transfer system is connected with the underground working face terminal system. The power compressed air system is connected with the ground storage system, the underground working face terminal system and each underground transfer system and used for supplying power air. By arranging the multi-stage underground transfer system, a relay type conveying structure is formed, the technical problems that in traditional pneumatic conveying, under the conditions of long distance and large height difference, pressure loss is large, and pipes are prone to being blocked are effectively solved, and efficient and continuous material conveying from the ground to the underground working face is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pneumatic transportation technology, specifically relating to a method for long-distance pneumatic material transportation between wells and the ground. Background Technology

[0003] With the improvement of economic level and the rapid development of industrial technology, pneumatic transportation plays an important role in industrial production. Pneumatic transportation utilizes the energy of airflow to transport granular materials along the airflow direction in a closed pipeline, and is a specific application of fluidization technology. Pneumatic transportation systems can also achieve the operation of loading materials at one point and unloading them at multiple points. However, as the pipeline length and height difference increase, the transportation difficulty also increases exponentially. If a certain length and height difference are exceeded, material blockage will occur, especially when transporting construction materials from the ground to underground. There is an urgent need to improve this defect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the problem of increased transportation difficulty and material blockage in pneumatic transport systems under long-distance, high-altitude conditions.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: a long-distance pneumatic material conveying method between wells and the surface, comprising a surface storage system, a power compressed air system, an underground transfer system, and an underground working face terminal system; the surface storage system and the power compressed air system are arranged above ground, and the underground transfer systems are distributed at intervals along the material conveying path underground, the underground transfer systems are connected in series for relay material conveying, the first-stage underground transfer system is connected to the surface storage system, the last-stage underground transfer system is connected to the underground working face terminal system, and the power compressed air system is connected to the surface storage system, the underground working face terminal system, and each underground transfer system to supply power air.

[0006] Furthermore, the surface storage system includes a vertical silo; the feed inlet of the vertical silo is located at the top, and below the feed inlet are multiple silo sections and a discharge cone. The feed inlet is connected to the surface dry silo through a feed pipe. A first filter is installed at the feed inlet. The discharge port of the discharge cone is connected to the material inlet of the surface series feeder. The gas inlet of the surface series feeder is connected to the power compressed air system. The gas-solid mixing outlet of the surface series feeder is connected to the first-stage downhole transfer system.

[0007] Furthermore, the underground transfer system includes a silo, the inlet of which is connected to a gas-solid conveying pipe, which originates from the surface storage system or the previous-level underground transfer system. A second filter is installed on the upper part of the silo body. The inlet of the second filter is connected to the gas-solid conveying pipe, and the outlet of the second filter is divided into a gas outlet and a material outlet. The gas outlet is connected to a negative pressure system outside the silo via an exhaust pipe. A valve is installed on the gas outlet of the second filter, and the material outlet of the second filter directly discharges material into the silo body. A spiral blade stirring shaft is installed at the bottom of the silo body. The outlet of the silo is connected to the material inlet of an underground series feeder. The gas-solid mixing outlet of the underground series feeder is connected to the silo of the next-level underground transfer system or the underground working face terminal system. The gas inlet of the underground series feeder is connected to a power compressed air system.

[0008] Furthermore, the downhole transfer system includes a first working state and a second working state; In the first working state, the underground series feeder connected to the silo stops, and the gas-solid mixture entering the second filter from the gas-solid conveying pipe is separated at the outlet of the second filter. The gas is discharged from the gas outlet of the second filter, and the material enters the silo from the material outlet of the second filter and settles at the bottom of the silo. In the second working state, the underground series feeder connected to the silo is in operation, the gas outlet of the second gas filter is closed, and the gas-solid mixture entering the second filter from the gas-solid conveying pipe enters the silo through the material outlet of the second filter. The spiral blade stirring shaft in the silo agitates the deposited material. The deposited material mixes with the newly entered gas-solid mixture and enters the underground series feeder. The underground series feeder sends the gas-solid mixture to the next-level underground transfer system or the underground working face terminal system.

[0009] Furthermore, the surface series feeder includes a spiral agitator and two pressure tanks. The discharge port of the discharge cone is connected to the material inlets of the two pressure tanks through two branch pipes. The gas inlet of the pressure tank is connected to the power compressed air system. The gas-solid mixing outlet of the pressure tank is connected to the inlet of the spiral agitator. The outlet of the spiral agitator is connected to the first-stage downhole transfer system.

[0010] Furthermore, the gas inlet of the pressurized tank is connected to the power compressed air system through a compressed air pipe, and an oil-water separator is connected in the compressed air pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the silo's inlet and outlet are located on opposite sides.

[0012] Furthermore, the downhole working face terminal system includes a suspended integrated mixing and filling pump.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: This invention provides a long-distance pneumatic material conveying method from the well to the surface. By setting up a multi-stage underground transfer system to form a relay conveying structure, it effectively overcomes the technical difficulties of traditional pneumatic conveying, such as large pressure loss and easy pipe blockage, which are prone to occur under long-distance and large elevation difference conditions. It realizes efficient and continuous material conveying from the surface to the underground working face. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the surface material storage system, the power compressed air system, the underground transfer system, and the underground working face terminal system; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a ground-based material storage system; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first-stage downhole transfer system; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the final stage downhole transfer system.

[0015] In the diagram: 1-Powered compressed air system; 2-Surface storage system; 201-Feed pipe; 202-First filter; 203-Vertical silo; 204-Silo section; 205-Discharge cone; 206-Surface dry material silo; 207-Surface series feeder; 2071-Pressure conveying tank; 2072-Spiral agitator; 3-Underground transfer system; 301-Silo; 302-Second filter; 303-Exhaust pipe; 304-Spiral blade agitator shaft; 305-Underground series feeder; 4-Underground working face terminal system; 5-Compressed air pipe; 6-Oil-water separator; 7-Gas-solid conveying pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] like Figure 1The diagram illustrates a long-distance pneumatic material conveying method between a mine and the surface, comprising a surface storage system 2, a power compressed air system 1, an underground transfer system 3, and an underground working face terminal system 4. The surface storage system 2 is used to store and transport materials to the underground working face. The power compressed air system 1 provides a clean and stable high-pressure air source for the entire conveying process. The surface storage system 2 and the power compressed air system 1 are arranged above ground. The underground transfer systems 3 are distributed at intervals along the material conveying path underground. The underground transfer systems 3 are connected in a series for relay material conveying. The spacing between the underground transfer systems 3 is approximately 1000m. The first-stage underground transfer system 3 is connected to the surface storage system 2 to receive materials from the surface. The last-stage underground transfer system 3 is connected to the underground working face terminal system 4. The power compressed air system 1 is connected to the surface storage system 2, the underground working face terminal system 4, and each underground transfer system 3 to supply power air.

[0018] This invention decomposes long-distance, high-elevation-difference transportation tasks into multiple shorter transportation segments through a multi-stage downhole transfer system 3; effectively avoiding pressure attenuation and flow rate reduction caused by pipeline friction and gravity during long-distance transportation from a single power source, fundamentally solving the problem of pipe blockage.

[0019] The power compressed air system 1 consists of two parts: an air compressor and an air dryer. The air compressor is equipped with a pressure sensor, and the air dryer is equipped with an air temperature and humidity detector. Both are connected to the centralized control system through a PLC control module.

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown: The ground storage system 2 includes a vertical silo 203; the feed inlet of the vertical silo 203 is located at the top, and below the feed inlet are multiple silo sections 204 and a discharge cone 205. The feed inlet is connected to the ground dry material silo 206 through the feed pipe 201. A first filter 202 is installed at the feed inlet to perform preliminary filtration of the material. The discharge port of the discharge cone 205 is connected to the material inlet of the ground series feeder 207. The gas inlet of the ground series feeder 207 is connected to the power compressed air system 1. The gas-solid mixing outlet of the ground series feeder 207 is connected to the first-stage underground transfer system 3.

[0021] The ground-based series feeder 207 includes a spiral agitator 2072 and two pressure tanks 2071. The discharge port of the discharge cone 205 is connected to the material inlet of the two pressure tanks 2071 through two branch pipes. The gas inlet of the pressure tank 2071 is connected to the power compressed air system 1. The gas-solid mixing outlet of the pressure tank 2071 is connected to the inlet of the spiral agitator 2072. The outlet of the spiral agitator 2072 is connected to the first-stage underground transfer system 3.

[0022] The gas inlet of the compressed air tank 2071 is connected to the power compressed air system through the compressed air pipe 5, and an oil-water separator 6 is connected in the compressed air pipe 5. The compressed air pipe 5 is a seamless steel pipe with a diameter of 273mm.

[0023] The surface-mounted feeder 207 employs a parallel design of two pressure-feeding tanks 2071, coupled with a spiral agitator 2072. The two pressure-feeding tanks 2071 operate synchronously for loading, pressurizing, and discharging, thus achieving uninterrupted material supply from the surface to the first-stage underground transfer system 3. The gas inlet of the pressure-feeding tank 2071 is connected to the power compressed air system 1 via a compressed air pipe 5. An oil-water separator 6 is connected in series in the compressed air pipe 5 to ensure the cleanliness of the gas entering the conveying system, preventing oil and water contamination of materials or scaling of the pipeline. The gas-solid mixture discharged from the pressure-feeding tank 2071 enters the spiral agitator 2072 for secondary mixing and fluidization optimization, making the material conveying more uniform and stable, and finally conveyed to the first-stage underground transfer system 3 through the gas-solid conveying pipe 7.

[0024] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown: The underground transfer system 3 includes a silo 301. The inlet of the silo 301 is connected to a gas-solid conveying pipe 7, which originates from the surface storage system 2 or the next-level underground transfer system 3. The gas-solid conveying pipe 7 connected to the first-level underground transfer system 3 originates from the surface storage system 2, while the gas-solid conveying pipes 7 of the other underground transfer systems 3 originate from the next-level underground transfer system 3. A second filter 302 is installed on the upper part of the silo 301. The inlet of the second filter 302 is connected to the gas-solid conveying pipe 7, and the outlet of the second filter 302 is divided into a gas outlet and a material outlet. The gas outlet is connected to a negative pressure system outside the silo 301 through an exhaust pipe 303. A valve is installed on the gas outlet of the second filter 302. The material outlet of the second filter 302 directly discharges material into the silo body. The bottom of the silo body 301 is equipped with a spiral blade stirring shaft 304. The outlet of the silo 301 is connected to the material inlet of the underground series feeder 305. The gas-solid mixing outlet of the underground series feeder 305 is connected to the silo 301 of the next-level underground transfer system 3 or the underground working face terminal system 4. The gas-solid mixing outlet of the underground series feeder 305 in the last-level underground transfer system 3 is connected to the underground working face terminal system 4. The gas-solid mixing outlets of the remaining underground series feeders 305 are connected to the silo 301 of the next-level underground transfer system 3. The gas inlet of the underground series feeder 305 is connected to the power compressed air system 1.

[0025] The underground transfer system 3 includes a first working state and a second working state; the first working state is to replenish the material hopper 301 of the underground transfer system 3; the second working state is to transport the material to the next level underground transfer system or the underground working face terminal system 4.

[0026] In the first working state, the underground series feeder 305 connected to the silo 301 stops. The gas-solid mixture entering the second filter 302 from the gas-solid conveying pipe 7 is separated at the outlet of the second filter 302. The gas is discharged from the gas outlet of the second filter 302, maintaining the pressure balance inside the silo 301. Under the action of gravity, the material enters the silo 301 from the material outlet of the second filter 302 and settles at the bottom of the silo 301; thus realizing the reception and storage of materials in the silo 301.

[0027] In the second working state, the underground series feeder 305 connected to the silo 301 operates, the gas outlet of the second gas filter 302 is closed, and the gas-solid mixture entering the second filter 302 from the gas-solid conveying pipe 7 enters the silo 301 through the material outlet of the second filter 302. The spiral blade stirring shaft 304 in the silo 301 agitates the deposited material. The deposited material mixes with the newly entering gas-solid mixture and enters the underground series feeder 305. The underground series feeder 305 uses fresh high-pressure gas provided by the power compressed air system 1 to re-accelerate and fluidize the material, forming a gas-solid two-phase flow with sufficient kinetic energy. The underground series feeder 305 sends the gas-solid mixture to the next-level underground transfer system 3 or the underground working face terminal system 4. This "receive and issue simultaneously" or "store first and then issue" mode ensures the continuity and stability of the conveying.

[0028] The gas-solid conveying pipe 7 uses two types of wear-resistant alloy pipes with diameters of DN125 and DN100 to adapt to the conveying requirements of different sections and extend service life.

[0029] The inlet and outlet of silo 301 are located on opposite sides, which helps to form a more reasonable flow path for materials in the silo, reduce dead corners, and avoid long-term material retention.

[0030] The underground working face terminal system 4 includes a suspended mixing and filling integrated pump, which can be used for underground filling, shotcreting, roadbed and jacking processes.

[0031] It also includes a centralized control system, which uses industrial Ethernet to transmit information via fiber optic cable and employs a PLC control module for centralized operation and monitoring. The system includes control of the power compressed air system, the surface material storage system, the underground transfer system, the underground working face terminal system, and a video monitoring and alarm system. Operators can remotely control the equipment, set parameters, and monitor its status through an LED display screen interface.

[0032] The centralized control system monitors information such as the material level and dry material status of the underground transfer system 3, and automatically controls the opening and closing of the inlet and outlet valves to achieve reasonable storage and transfer of dry materials.

[0033] The centralized control system installs cameras at key points of the transportation system to capture real-time video images and transmits the video data to the ground system via industrial Ethernet. Operators can intuitively understand the system's operation through the monitoring screens and promptly detect abnormalities such as equipment malfunctions and material blockages. The pipeline system uses fully automatic pneumatic valve control, and all operating procedures can be remotely controlled remotely from the ground storage and transportation center via a PLC control module with a single click.

[0034] It also includes an electrical control cabinet, a pneumatic control cabinet, and a water control cabinet. The electrical control cabinet is connected to the ground control center via an industrial Ethernet and has a built-in fault diagnosis algorithm. When the power system fails, it will quickly start the backup power supply to ensure uninterrupted 24-hour operation. The water control cabinet is equipped with a dynamic proportioning module, which automatically adjusts the water supply according to the dry material grade. The pneumatic control cabinet adopts a redundant pneumatic circuit design and supports adaptive pneumatic pressure adjustment.

[0035] The entire pneumatic conveying process is automatically completed by the PLC control system. Upon system startup, the PLC execution module first initializes and sends signals to check the status of each actuator, including the position of electric valves, the status of the frequency converter, and the connection of relevant sensors. The module then enters standby mode, awaiting further instructions from the control logic. When the control logic issues a start command, the PLC execution module begins executing the start-up process. First, the PLC control output port sends a start signal to the frequency converter, gradually increasing the fan speed, and sequentially opening relevant electric and pneumatic valves. After ensuring the air source pressure is stable and reaches the preset value, normal operation begins. During normal operation, the PLC execution module dynamically adjusts the operating parameters of the fan and compressor according to the real-time adjustment instructions from the control logic. The PLC execution module continuously monitors the operating status of the actuators, such as key parameters like fan speed, current, and voltage, and feeds the data back to the main control logic module for closed-loop regulation. When the control logic issues a stop command, the PLC execution module gradually stops the system according to the preset shutdown sequence. The PLC first reduces the output frequency of the frequency converter, gradually decelerating to zero, and then shuts down the fan and electric valves via relays. After the shutdown is completed, the PLC execution module resets each actuator to its initial state, ensuring that all equipment returns to normal standby mode and waits for the next start command.

[0036] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for long-distance pneumatic material conveying between wells and underground, characterized in that: It includes a surface storage system (2), a power compressed air system (1), an underground transfer system (3), and an underground working face terminal system (4); the surface storage system (2) and the power compressed air system (1) are arranged above ground, and the underground transfer system (3) is distributed at intervals underground along the material conveying path. The underground transfer systems (3) are connected in sequence to relay the material. The first-level underground transfer system (3) is connected to the surface storage system (2), and the last-level underground transfer system (3) is connected to the underground working face terminal system (4). The power compressed air system (1) is connected to the surface storage system (2), the underground working face terminal system (4), and each underground transfer system (3) to supply power air.

2. The method for long-distance pneumatic material conveying from well to surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground storage system (2) includes a vertical silo (203); the feed inlet of the vertical silo (203) is located at the top, and below the feed inlet are multiple silo sections (204) and a discharge cone (205). The feed inlet is connected to the ground dry material silo (206) through the feed pipe (201). A first filter (202) is installed at the feed inlet. The discharge port of the discharge cone (205) is connected to the material inlet of the ground series feeder (207). The gas inlet of the ground series feeder (207) is connected to the power compressed air system (1). The gas-solid mixing outlet of the ground series feeder (207) is connected to the first-stage underground transfer system (3).

3. The method for long-distance pneumatic material conveying from well to surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The underground transfer system (3) includes a silo (301), the inlet of which is connected to a gas-solid conveying pipe (7), which originates from the surface storage system (2) or the next-level underground transfer system (3). A second filter (302) is installed on the upper part of the silo (301). The inlet of the second filter (302) is connected to the gas-solid conveying pipe (7), and the outlet of the second filter (302) is divided into a gas outlet and a material outlet. The gas outlet is connected to a negative pressure system outside the silo (301) through an exhaust pipe (303). A valve is installed on the gas outlet of the device (302), and the material outlet of the second filter (302) directly discharges the material into the silo. A spiral blade stirring shaft (304) is installed at the bottom of the silo (301). The outlet of the silo (301) is connected to the material inlet of the underground series feeder (305). The gas-solid mixing outlet of the underground series feeder (305) is connected to the silo (301) of the next-level underground transfer system (3) or the underground working face terminal system (4). The gas inlet of the underground series feeder (305) is connected to the power compressed air system (1).

4. The method for long-distance pneumatic material conveying from well to surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: The downhole transfer system (3) includes a first working state and a second working state; In the first working state, the underground series feeder (305) connected to the silo (301) stops, and the gas-solid mixture entering the second filter (302) from the gas-solid conveying pipe (7) is separated at the outlet of the second filter (302). The gas is discharged from the gas outlet of the second filter (302), and the material enters the silo (301) from the material outlet of the second filter (302) and is deposited at the bottom of the silo (301). In the second working state, the underground series feeder (305) connected to the silo (301) is running, the gas outlet of the second gas filter (302) is closed, and the gas-solid mixture entering the second filter (302) from the gas-solid conveying pipe (7) enters the silo (301) through the material outlet of the second filter (302). The spiral blade stirring shaft (304) in the silo (301) stirs the deposited material. The deposited material mixes with the newly entered gas-solid mixture and enters the underground series feeder (305). The underground series feeder (305) sends the gas-solid mixture to the next-level underground transfer system (3) or the underground working face terminal system (4).

5. A method for long-distance pneumatic material conveying from well to surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ground-based series feeder (207) includes a spiral agitator (2072) and two pressure tanks (2071). The discharge port of the discharge cone (205) is connected to the material inlet of the two pressure tanks (2071) through two branch pipes. The gas inlet of the pressure tank (2071) is connected to the power compressed air system (1). The gas-solid mixing outlet of the pressure tank (2071) is connected to the inlet of the spiral agitator (2072). The outlet of the spiral agitator (2072) is connected to the first-stage underground transfer system (3).

6. The method for long-distance pneumatic material conveying from well to surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas inlet of the pressurized tank (2071) is connected to the power compressed air system through the compressed air pipe (5), and an oil-water separator (6) is connected in the compressed air pipe (5).

7. The method for long-distance pneumatic material conveying from well to surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet of the silo (301) are located on opposite sides.

8. The method for long-distance pneumatic material conveying from well to surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The downhole working face terminal system (4) includes a suspended mixing and filling integrated pump.

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