Dewar vacuum container ring limiting device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of nuclear fusion device, and discloses a circumferential limiting device for a Dewar vacuum container. In the device, a friction-reducing plate is arranged on a building bottom of a building wall and protrudes upward from the building bottom; a skirt H-beam includes an upper plate, a lower plate and a web; the upper plate is welded and fixed with the outermost edge of a skirt section of a Dewar base, and the lower plate is supported on the friction-reducing plate; a pressing assembly presses the lower plate on the friction-reducing plate; a male head is located on the outer side of the web, and the radial inner end of the male head is welded and fixed with the outer side of the web; a female head is arranged on the building wall; the female head is provided with a radial slot with an opening facing the male head, and the radial slot is matched with the radial outer end of the male head to limit the circumferential movement of the male head and make the male head have freedom in the radial and up-down directions; and a measuring assembly monitors the stability of a weld joint between the male head and the web. The application has the advantages of ensuring the coordinated thermal deformation of the Dewar vacuum container structure, providing stable and reliable limiting, and monitoring the stability of the weld joint.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear fusion device installation technology, and in particular to a Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device. Background Technology

[0002] In the fusion industry, the Dewar vacuum container is the most crucial vacuum component of a nuclear fusion facility. Other components are directly or indirectly mounted on the Dewar, which must also withstand the high temperatures generated by the fusion reaction. The Dewar consists of four main parts: a top cover, an upper ring, a lower ring, and a base. These parts are tightly joined together by welding or bolts to form a complete structure. Besides ensuring a constant vacuum environment during system operation, the Dewar also bears the important responsibility of maintaining the safety of the entire facility in emergencies such as helium leaks or plasma disintegration. During helium leaks or plasma exothermic processes, the Dewar itself will experience thermal stress and deformation. Given its large size and thin-walled nature, the Dewar must be designed with sufficient thermal expansion margins in both the radial and circumferential directions to prevent numerous cracks and significant deformations during operation. Except for the top cover, the various parts of the Dewar are generally welded together. Therefore, ensuring coordinated thermal deformation of the Dewar structure while guaranteeing stable and reliable limiting operation is a key technical challenge in its design.

[0003] While nuclear fusion is developing rapidly, there is limited information available in patent literature regarding circumferential restraint methods and monitoring devices for Dewar vacuum containers. After a nuclear fusion facility is put into operation, it will undergo more than 500 ignition cycles. The circumferential restraint device, as the main component restricting the circumferential movement of the Dewar vacuum container, needs to withstand cyclic loads without fatigue failure. The weld seam is the most susceptible to fatigue. Due to space constraints and welding deformation limitations, the weld size or strength between the circumferential restraint device and the Dewar cannot be further improved. Therefore, monitoring the stress state of the weld seam of the circumferential restraint device is crucial to ensuring the structural integrity and operational safety of the Dewar vacuum container. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, one objective of this invention is to provide a circumferential limiting device for a Dewar vacuum container, which ensures coordinated thermal deformation of the Dewar vacuum container structure while providing stable and reliable limiting, and effectively monitors weld stability in real time.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a circumferential limiting device for a Dewar vacuum container is arranged at equal intervals circumferentially around the periphery of the Dewar vacuum container, comprising:

[0006] A friction-reducing plate, wherein the friction-reducing plate is disposed on the bottom of the building wall and protrudes upward from the bottom of the building;

[0007] A skirted I-beam, comprising an upper plate, a lower plate, and a web connecting the upper plate and the lower plate; the upper plate is welded and fixed to the outermost edge of the skirted section of the Dewar base, and the lower plate is supported on the friction-reducing plate;

[0008] A clamping assembly that presses the lower plate against the friction-reducing plate;

[0009] The male head is located on the outer side of the web, and the radial inner end of the male head is welded and fixed to the outer side of the web;

[0010] A female connector is mounted on the building wall. The female connector has a radial slot with an opening facing the male connector. The radial slot engages with the radial outer end of the male connector to restrict the circumferential movement of the male connector and allow the male connector to move freely in the radial and vertical directions.

[0011] A measuring component, disposed on the female end and the male end, is used to monitor the stability of the weld between the male end and the web.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device of this invention are as follows: On the one hand, the skirt I-beam is welded and fixed to the Dewar vacuum container, and the skirt I-beam is pressed by the clamping assembly, providing vertical constraint for the Dewar vacuum container. The skirt I-beam is also welded and fixed to the Dewar vacuum container, and the male and female connectors cooperate to provide circumferential constraint, thus providing stable limiting for the Dewar vacuum container. On the other hand, the skirt I-beam is welded and fixed to the Dewar vacuum container, and the skirt I-beam presses against the friction-reducing plate, while the male connector has vertical and radial freedom, preventing helium leakage or plasma. During the heat release process, the Dewar vacuum container itself will generate thermal stress and thermal deformation. The male end, skirt I-beam, and Dewar vacuum container can deform in tandem, preventing cracks and large deformations during operation. Furthermore, by setting up the measuring components, the stress state of the weld between the male end and the web can be effectively monitored online in real time, determining whether the weld's load-bearing capacity has decreased. This ensures reliable circumferential limiting of the Dewar vacuum container during its operating cycle, and also helps to ensure the structural integrity and operational safety of the Dewar vacuum container. Moreover, the circumferential limiting device of the Dewar vacuum container has a reasonable structure, meets the installation space requirements, and is easy to install. In summary, the circumferential limiting device of the Dewar vacuum container in this embodiment of the invention can ensure coordinated thermal deformation of the Dewar vacuum container structure while providing stable and reliable limiting, effectively monitoring weld stability in real time, and is easy to install.

[0013] In some embodiments, the measuring component includes a circumferential pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; wherein the circumferential pressure sensor is distributed on opposite side walls of the radial slot and located between the male connector and the wall of the radial slot, respectively, for collecting force measurement data at force monitoring points of the male connector; the temperature sensor is disposed on the male connector for collecting temperature measurement data at temperature monitoring points of the male connector.

[0014] In some embodiments, a mounting groove is provided on each of the opposite side walls of the radial slot, and two circumferential pressure sensors are installed in the mounting grooves respectively.

[0015] In some embodiments, an inherent buffer pad is attached to the circumferential pressure sensor, the buffer pad being sandwiched between the circumferential pressure sensor and the side of the male connector.

[0016] In some embodiments, the force measurement data includes circumferential pressure and time, the temperature measurement data includes temperature and time, and the time of the force measurement data is consistent with the time of the temperature measurement data;

[0017] The weld check stress of the weld between the male end and the web is calculated using the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] in, The stress of the weld is checked. τ For shear stress, σ It is normal stress. a This refers to the throat size of the fillet weld. w For weld width, A Let be the height dimension of the male connector in the vertical direction. B Let be the width dimension of the male connector in the circumferential direction. L The radial length of the male connector is given. F The circumferential pressure;

[0020] The weld stress check must meet the following conditions:

[0021]

[0022] in, This is the joint coefficient of the weld, with a value ranging from 0.5 to 0.75. It is the allowable stress of the same material as the male head and the skirt I-beam;

[0023] Calculate the temperature change and weld check stress change for each cycle, respectively. and ;

[0024] Establish temperature-stress coefficients: Calculate the temperature-stress coefficients for each cycle:

[0025] ,

[0026] in, k It is the temperature-stress coefficient. n It is the number of cycles. k (n) Indicates the first n Temperature-stress relationship coefficient for each cycle;

[0027] if k If the value continues to increase, the weld between the male end and the web plate degenerates; otherwise, the weld between the male end and the web plate remains stable.

[0028] In some embodiments, the radially outer end surface of the male connector that mates with the radial slot is a polished smooth surface.

[0029] In some embodiments, a leveling pad is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the lower plate, and the leveling pad is directly supported on the friction-reducing plate.

[0030] In some embodiments, a first building embedded plate is further included, the upper surface of which is exposed at the bottom of the building, and the friction-reducing plate is fixed to the first building embedded plate.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first building embedded plate is provided with a groove, and the friction-reducing plate is embedded in the groove; the friction-reducing plate is a metal plate made of graphite copper plate material.

[0032] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly includes an outer skirt clamping block, an outer screw, an inner skirt clamping block, and an inner screw; the outer skirt clamping block is located on the outside of the skirt I-beam and is clamped to the outer edge of the lower plate in cooperation with the outer screw; the inner skirt clamping block is located on the inside of the skirt I-beam and is clamped to the inner edge of the lower plate in cooperation with the inner screw.

[0033] In some embodiments, the lower end of the external screw is welded and fixed to the first building embedded plate, the skirt outer pressure block is L-shaped, the external screw passes through the skirt outer pressure block, and one end of the skirt outer pressure block is supported on the first building embedded plate and the other end is placed on the outer edge of the lower plate. The skirt outer pressure block presses the outer edge of the lower plate by tightening the bolt on the external screw.

[0034] The lower end of the inner screw is welded and fixed to the first building embedded plate. The inner pressure block of the skirt is L-shaped. The inner screw passes through the inner pressure block of the skirt, so that one end of the inner pressure block of the skirt is supported on the first building embedded plate and the other end is placed on the inner edge of the lower plate. The inner pressure block of the skirt presses the inner edge of the lower plate by tightening the bolt on the inner screw.

[0035] In some embodiments, the outer pressure block of the skirt has a through hole for the corresponding outer screw to pass through; the inner pressure block of the skirt has an open waist hole for the corresponding inner screw to pass through.

[0036] In some embodiments, a second building embedded plate is also included, which is embedded in the building wall, and the female head is disposed on the second building embedded plate.

[0037] In some embodiments, one side of the second building embedded plate is exposed on the inner surface of the building wall, and the female head and the second building embedded plate are connected by bolts and shear keys.

[0038] In some embodiments, the female head includes a fixing plate and two side plates; the two side plates are fixed to one side of the fixing plate at a distance from each other in the circumferential direction, and a radial slot is formed between the two side plates; the other side of the fixing plate is supported on one side of the second building embedded plate and fastened by a plurality of bolts; the top of the fixing plate is provided with a first keyway, the top of the second building embedded plate is provided with a second keyway, and the shear key is embedded in the first keyway and the second keyway.

[0039] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario where the Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device is distributed along a ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional rendering of the application scenario of the Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device in one orientation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device from another angle, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the welding connection between the skirted I-beam and the male connector in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Cross-sectional view at point MM;

[0048] Figure 9 for Figure 7 A magnified diagram of point N in the middle.

[0049] Figure Labels

[0050] Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device 1000; friction reducing plate 1; shear notch 101; skirt I-beam 2; upper plate 201; lower plate 202; web plate 203; clamping assembly 3; skirt outer pressure block 301; through hole 3011; outer screw 302; skirt inner pressure block 303; open waist hole 3031; inner screw 304; male head 4; female head 5; radial slot 501; mounting slot 5011; fixing plate 502; first keyway 5021; side plate 503; measuring assembly 6; circumferential pressure sensor 601; temperature sensor 602; buffer pad 603; leveling pad 7; first building embedded plate 8; groove 801; second building embedded plate 9; second keyway 901; shear key 10; shear pin 11; building wall 2000; building bottom 3000; Dewar base skirt section 4000; notch groove 400. Detailed Implementation

[0051] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0052] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 9 The following describes the Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, the circumferential limiting device 1000 of the Dewar vacuum container in this embodiment of the invention is arranged at equal intervals around the periphery of the Dewar vacuum container to meet the thermal deformation coordination of the Dewar vacuum container, provide stable and reliable limiting for the Dewar vacuum container, and can monitor the stability of the weld seam that is most prone to fatigue in its own structure.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, the Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device 1000 of this embodiment includes a friction-reducing plate 1, a skirt I-beam 2, a clamping assembly 3, a male connector 4, a female connector 5, and a measuring assembly 6.

[0055] The friction-reducing plate 1 is installed on the bottom 3000 of the building wall 2000 and protrudes upward from the bottom 3000 of the building and is fixed in place. The friction-reducing plate has a self-lubricating function and a low coefficient of friction.

[0056] The skirted I-beam 2 includes an upper plate 201, a lower plate 202, and a web 203 connecting the upper plate 201 and the lower plate 202. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the upper plate 201 is welded and fixed to the outermost edge of the skirt section 4000 of the Dewar base, thereby making it convenient and reliable to fix the skirt I-beam 2 as a whole onto the Dewar vacuum container. This facilitates the reliable positioning of the Dewar vacuum container by the circumferential limiting device 1000 and also allows the force and displacement of the Dewar vacuum container to be transmitted to the circumferential limiting device 1000. Specifically, the skirt section 4000 of the Dewar base is provided with a notch 400, and the upper plate 201 is fitted into the notch 400. The two radial end faces and the inner circumferential surface of the upper plate 201 respectively connect and are welded to the two radial wall faces and the circumferential surface located between the two radial wall faces of the notch 400, making it more convenient and reliable to fix the skirt I-beam 2 as a whole onto the Dewar vacuum container. This also allows the force and displacement of the Dewar vacuum container to be better transmitted to the circumferential limiting device 1000, while meeting the installation space requirements. Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the lower plate 202 is supported on the friction-reducing plate 1. Since the friction-reducing plate 1 has a self-lubricating function and a low coefficient of friction, when the Dewar vacuum container expands due to heat and undergoes thermal deformation and displacement outward, it is beneficial for the skirt I-beam 2 to move relative to the friction-reducing plate with the thermal deformation of the Dewar vacuum container, which is conducive to meeting the thermal deformation coordination of the Dewar vacuum container. Since the friction-reducing plate 1 protrudes from the bottom of the building, it can prevent the lower plate of the skirt I-beam 2 from directly contacting the rough concrete at the bottom of the building, and avoid generating large frictional forces when the structure is displaced by thermal load or horizontal load, which would lead to large structural stress and damage to the structure or welds.

[0057] The clamping assembly 3 presses the lower plate 202 firmly onto the friction-reducing plate 1. The clamping assembly 3 provides vertical downward pressure, tightly pressing the lower plate 202 of the skirted I-beam 2 onto the friction-reducing plate 1. This provides vertical constraint on the skirted I-beam 2 and the Dewar vacuum container, while leaving other directions unconstrained. This facilitates the stable positioning of the skirted I-beam on the Dewar vacuum container and promotes coordinated thermal deformation of both. Furthermore, it requires less space during installation, making installation easier. If the lower plate 202 and the friction-reducing plate 1 were welded, the skirted I-beam 2 would be rigidly constrained, hindering coordinated thermal deformation between the skirted I-beam 2 and the Dewar vacuum container. The welding workload would be too large, the welding quality would be unreliable, and weld inspection would be impossible due to space constraints. The clamping assembly 3, however, can be prefabricated.

[0058] The male head 4 is located on the outer side of the web 203. The radial inner end of the male head 4 is welded and fixed to the outer side of the web 203, so that the male head 4 and the skirt I-beam 2 form an integral structure, which can directly bear and transmit force and displacement.

[0059] The female connector 5 is fixed to the building wall 2000. The female connector 5 has a radial slot 501 with its opening facing the male connector 4. The radial slot 501 engages with the radial outer end of the male connector 4 to restrict the circumferential movement of the male connector 4 while allowing it to move freely in both the radial and vertical directions. Because the female connector 5 is fixed, its engagement with the male connector 4 effectively restricts the circumferential movement of the male connector 4, thereby restricting the circumferential movement of the Dewar vacuum container. This helps ensure the circumferential positional stability of the Dewar vacuum container. Furthermore, the radial and vertical freedom of the male connector 4 facilitates the coordinated thermal deformation of the male connector 4, the skirt I-beam 2, and the Dewar vacuum container. Specifically, the radial slot 501 of the female connector 5 is vertically continuous, and the male connector 4 is embedded in the radial slot 501 with sufficient expansion clearance in the radial direction between the male connector 4 and the female connector 5. This effectively restricts the circumferential movement of the male connector 4 while ensuring its freedom in both the radial and vertical directions. A radial expansion gap is provided between the male connector 4 and the female connector 5. This gap is to compensate for the radial expansion of the male connector 4 caused by the rise in Dewar temperature, preventing large structural stresses caused by structural deformation due to thermal loads from being transferred to the male connector 4. The male connector 4 and the female connector 5 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the skirt I-beam 2, which makes the circumferential restraint of the Dewar vacuum container more stable. At the same time, it is beneficial to the coordinated deformation of the male connector 4, the skirt I-beam 2, and the Dewar vacuum container under heat. The measuring component 6 is set on the female connector 5 and the male connector 4 to monitor the stability of the weld between the male connector 4 and the web plate 203. As the main components restricting the circumferential movement of the Dewar, the male connector 4 and the female connector 5 need to withstand the impact of cyclic loads. Therefore, the weld between the male connector 4 and the web plate 203 is the most prone to fatigue in the entire structure. By setting up the measuring component 6, the stress state of the weld between the male connector 4 and the web plate 203 can be effectively monitored online in real time, which helps to ensure the structural integrity and operational safety of the Dewar vacuum container.

[0060] The beneficial effects of the Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device 1000 in this embodiment of the invention are as follows: On the one hand, the skirt I-beam 2 is welded and fixed to the Dewar vacuum container, and the skirt I-beam 2 is pressed by the clamping assembly 3, providing vertical constraint for the Dewar vacuum container. The skirt I-beam 2 is welded and fixed to the Dewar vacuum container, and the male connector 4 and female connector 5 cooperate to provide circumferential constraint for the Dewar vacuum container, thereby providing stable limiting for the Dewar vacuum container. On the other hand, the skirt I-beam 2 is welded and fixed to the Dewar vacuum container, and the skirt I-beam 2 presses against the friction-reducing plate 1, while the male connector 4 has vertical and radial freedom, preventing helium leakage or plasma exothermic processes. In this process, the Dewar vacuum container itself will generate thermal stress and thermal deformation. The male end 4, the skirt I-beam 2, and the Dewar vacuum container can deform in tandem, preventing cracks and large deformations during operation. Furthermore, by setting the measuring component 6, the stress state of the weld between the male end 4 and the web plate 203 can be effectively monitored online in real time, determining whether the weld's load-bearing capacity has decreased. This ensures reliable circumferential limiting of the Dewar vacuum container during its operating cycle, and also helps to ensure the structural integrity and operational safety of the Dewar vacuum container. Moreover, the circumferential limiting device 1000 of the Dewar vacuum container has a reasonable structure, meets the installation space requirements, and is easy to install. In summary, the circumferential limiting device 1000 of the Dewar vacuum container in this embodiment of the invention can ensure coordinated thermal deformation of the Dewar vacuum container structure while providing stable and reliable limiting, effectively monitoring weld stability in real time, and is easy to install.

[0061] In some embodiments, the measuring component 6 includes a circumferential pressure sensor 601 and a temperature sensor 602. The circumferential pressure sensor 601 is distributed on opposite side walls of the radial slot 501 and located between the male connector 4 and the wall of the radial slot 501, respectively, for collecting force measurement data at the force monitoring points of the male connector 4. The temperature sensor 602 is disposed on the male connector 4 for collecting temperature measurement data at the temperature monitoring points of the male connector 4. By using the force and temperature measurement data, it is possible to accurately determine whether the weld bearing capacity between the male connector 4 and the web 203 has decreased, ensuring reliable circumferential positioning of the Dewar vacuum container during its operating cycle.

[0062] In some embodiments, a mounting groove 5011 is provided on each of the opposite side walls of the radial slot 501, and two circumferential pressure sensors 601 are installed in the mounting grooves 5011 respectively. This makes the circumferential pressure sensors 601 easy and reliable to install, and allows for effective measurement of circumferential pressure. Specifically, the circumferential pressure sensors 601 are placed in the mounting grooves 5011 and fixed by cylindrical pins, parallel to the side of the male connector 4; each male connector 4 is equipped with two circumferential pressure sensors 601 for measuring the circumferential force on the male connector 4.

[0063] In some embodiments, a built-in buffer pad 603 is attached to the circumferential pressure sensor 601, sandwiched between the circumferential pressure sensor 601 and the side of the male connector 4. The buffer pad 603 is made of an elastic material, such as high-strength rubber, and the circumferential pressure is transmitted to the circumferential pressure sensor 601 through the buffer pad 603. This prevents the circumferential pressure sensor 601 from being damaged by overload or impact.

[0064] In some embodiments, the force measurement data includes circumferential pressure and time, and the temperature measurement data includes temperature and time, wherein the time of the force measurement data is consistent with the time of the temperature measurement data.

[0065] The weld check stress of the weld between male connector 4 and web 203 is calculated using the following formula:

[0066]

[0067] in, The stress of the weld is checked. τ For shear stress, σ It is normal stress. a This refers to the throat size of the fillet weld. w For weld width, A The vertical height dimension of the male connector 4 is given. B Let be the width dimension of the male connector 4 in the circumferential direction. L The radial length of the male head 4, F The circumferential pressure;

[0068] The weld stress check needs to meet the following conditions:

[0069]

[0070] in, This is the joint coefficient of the weld, with a value ranging from 0.5 to 0.75. It is the allowable stress of the same material as male head 4 and skirt I-beam 2; This indicates that a safety margin was included in the project; if Exceeded ES m This means the safety margin is insufficient. In this case, there is no need to further calculate the temperature-stress relationship coefficient mentioned below. k It was worth it; if No more ES m Then, it is necessary to further calculate the temperature-stress relationship coefficient to determine the stability of the weld between the male connector 4 and the web 203. The temperature change and weld check stress change under each cycle are calculated as follows: and ;

[0071] Establish temperature-stress coefficients: Calculate the temperature-stress coefficients for each cycle:

[0072] ,

[0073] in, k It is the temperature-stress coefficient. n It is the number of cycles. k (n) Indicates the first n Temperature-stress relationship coefficient for each cycle;

[0074] if k If the value continues to increase, the weld between the male head 4 and the web plate 203 will degenerate; otherwise, the weld between the male head 4 and the web plate 203 will be stable.

[0075] In some embodiments, the radially outer end surface of the male connector 4 that mates with the radial slot 501 is polished smooth. The smooth surface of the male connector 4 mates with the radial slot 501 reduces the coefficient of sliding friction between it and the slot wall and the buffer pad 603. This ensures that the male connector 4 can smoothly move radially within the radial slot 501 during thermal deformation of the Dewar vacuum container, which is beneficial for the coordinated deformation of the male connector 4, the skirt I-beam 2, and the Dewar vacuum container.

[0076] In some embodiments, a leveling shim 7 is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the lower plate 202. The leveling shim 7 is directly supported on the friction-reducing plate 1 and is used to adjust the levelness of the skirted I-beam 2. Because the skirted I-beam 2 is large in size, especially in its circumferential length, it is prone to deformation during processing, transportation, and installation. By welding the leveling shim 7 onto the lower plate, it can be ensured that the skirted I-beam 2 is in a horizontal position after installation. The leveling shim 7 is a stainless steel shim.

[0077] In some embodiments, a first building embedded plate 8 is also included, pre-embedded in the building bottom 3000. The upper surface of the first building embedded plate 8 is exposed at the building bottom 3000, and the friction-reducing plate 1 is fixed on the first building embedded plate 8. The first building embedded plate 8 is a pre-fabricated metal plate, which is placed at a pre-measured position when the concrete is poured for the outer building base of the Dewar vacuum container. The position is directly below the lower plate 202 of the skirt I-beam 2. The first building embedded plate 8 bears the load transmitted from the Dewar vacuum container to the skirt I-beam 2, and also serves as the base for the entire Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device 1000. By setting the first building embedded plate 8, it is convenient to fix the friction-reducing plate 1, making installation easy.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first building embedded plate 8 is provided with grooves 801, and the friction-reducing plate 1 is embedded in the grooves 801, which facilitates installation. Specifically, the first building embedded plate 8 is provided with a plurality of grooves 801 at intervals along the circumferential direction. Correspondingly, there are a plurality of friction-reducing plates 1, which are embedded in the plurality of grooves 801 one by one. There are a plurality of leveling pads 7, which are welded and fixed to the lower surface of the lower plate 202 at intervals along the circumferential direction. The plurality of leveling pads 7 are placed directly on the plurality of friction-reducing plates 1 one by one. In this way, the skirt I-beam 2 can be supported more stably.

[0079] In some embodiments, a shear pin 11 is welded to the radial edge of the groove 801, and a shear notch 101 is provided on the radial edge of the friction-reducing plate 1. The shear notch 101 is engaged with the corresponding shear pin 11, thereby effectively restricting the radial movement of the friction-reducing plate 1. This prevents relative slippage between the friction-reducing plate 1 and the first building embedded plate 8. The friction-reducing plate 1 provides a good sliding interface, while the horizontal force is borne by the shear pin 11. Specifically, both the shear pin 11 and the shear notch 101 are semi-circular.

[0080] In some embodiments, the friction-reducing plate 1 is a metal plate made of graphite copper plate material, which has a self-lubricating function and a low coefficient of friction.

[0081] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly 3 includes an outer skirt clamping block 301, an outer screw 302, an inner skirt clamping block 303, and an inner screw 304. The outer skirt clamping block 301 is located on the outer side of the skirt I-beam 2 and is clamped onto the outer edge of the lower plate 202 in cooperation with the outer screw 302. The inner skirt clamping block 303 is located on the inner side of the skirt I-beam 2 and is clamped onto the inner edge of the lower plate 202 in cooperation with the inner screw 304. Through the cooperation of the outer skirt clamping block 301 and the outer screw 302, and through the cooperation of the inner skirt clamping block 303 and the inner screw 304, the skirt I-beam 2 and the Dewar vacuum container are provided with vertical (vertical) constraints, while not being constrained in other directions. This is beneficial for the stable positioning of the skirt I-beam 2 on the Dewar vacuum container and also for the coordinated deformation of the two under heat. On the other hand, it requires less space during installation and is easy to install. If the lower plate 202 and the friction-reducing plate 1 are welded together, the skirt I-beam 2 will be restricted, which is not conducive to the coordinated deformation of the skirt I-beam 2 and the Dewar vacuum container under heat. Moreover, the welding workload is too large, the welding quality cannot be guaranteed, and the weld inspection cannot be carried out due to space constraints. However, the skirt outer pressure block 301, outer screw 302, skirt inner pressure block 303 and inner screw 304 can be prefabricated in advance.

[0082] There can be multiple outer skirt pressure blocks 301 and inner skirt pressure blocks 303, which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the skirt I-beam 2. It should be noted that the outer threaded rod 302 and the inner threaded rod 304 are pre-welded and fixed to the first building embedded plate 8, and then pre-embedded together at the bottom 3000 of the building.

[0083] In some embodiments, the lower end of the external screw 302 is welded and fixed to the first building embedded plate 8, the skirt outer pressure block 301 is L-shaped, the external screw 302 passes through the skirt outer pressure block 301, and at the same time, one end of the skirt outer pressure block 301 is supported on the first building embedded plate 8 and the other end is placed on the outer edge of the lower plate 202. The skirt outer pressure block 301 is pressed against the outer edge of the lower plate 202 by tightening the bolts on the external screw 302.

[0084] The lower end of the inner screw 304 is welded and fixed to the first building embedded plate 8. The inner skirt pressure block 303 is L-shaped, and the inner screw 304 passes through the inner skirt pressure block 303. At the same time, one end of the inner skirt pressure block 303 is supported on the first building embedded plate 8, and the other end is placed on the inner edge of the lower plate 202. The inner skirt pressure block 303 is pressed against the inner edge of the lower plate 202 by tightening the bolt on the inner screw 304. Through the cooperation of the outer skirt pressure block 301 and the outer screw 302, and through the cooperation of the inner skirt pressure block 303 and the inner screw 304, on the one hand, the skirt I-beam 2 and the Dewar vacuum container are provided with vertical (vertical) constraints, while not being constrained in other directions. This is beneficial to the stable positioning of the skirt I-beam on the Dewar vacuum container and also beneficial to the coordinated deformation of the two under heat. On the other hand, it requires less space during installation and is easy to install. If the lower plate 202 and the anti-friction plate 1 are welded together, the skirt I-beam 2 will be restricted, which is not conducive to the coordinated deformation of the skirt I-beam 2 and the Dewar vacuum container under heat. Moreover, the welding workload is too large, the welding quality cannot be guaranteed, and weld inspection cannot be carried out due to space constraints. However, the outer skirt pressure block 301, outer screw 302, inner skirt pressure block 303, and inner screw 304 can be prefabricated. Among them, the outer skirt pressure block 301 and the inner skirt pressure block 303 have simple structures and are easy to install.

[0085] In some embodiments, the outer skirt pressure block 301 has a through hole 3011 for the corresponding outer screw 302 to pass through. Since the outer skirt pressure block 301 is installed from the radially outer side of the skirt I-beam 2, the installation space is relatively large, and the outer skirt pressure block 301 can be installed from top to bottom with its through hole 3011 fitted onto the outer screw 302, which is convenient for installation. The inner skirt pressure block 303 has an open waist hole 3031 for the corresponding inner screw 304 to pass through. Since the inner skirt pressure block 303 is installed from the radially inner side of the skirt I-beam 2, the installation space is relatively small, and the inner skirt pressure block 303 can be moved from the inside to the outside in the radial direction, and its open waist hole 3031 can be locked onto the inner screw 304 for installation, which is convenient for installation.

[0086] In some embodiments, a second building embedded plate 9 is further included, which is pre-embedded in the building wall 2000, and a female head 5 is disposed on the second building embedded plate 9. The female head 5 is connected to the second building embedded plate 9, which transmits the circumferential force to the building wall 2000, ensuring the coordination of thermal deformation of the Dewar vacuum container structure while providing stable and reliable limiting. The second building embedded plate 9 facilitates the fixing of the female head 5.

[0087] In some embodiments, one side of the second embedded building plate 9 is exposed on the inner surface of the building wall 2000. The female head 5 and the second embedded building plate 9 are connected by bolts and shear keys 10, with the shear keys 10 extending radially. The second embedded building plate 9 has pre-drilled threaded holes before being placed into the concrete building wall 2000. While bolts themselves can withstand shear forces, they may loosen or fatigue under long-term cyclic loading. The added shear key 10, which bears circumferential shear forces, improves the safety margin and fatigue resistance of the connection. This allows the bolt to primarily perform a tensioning function, resulting in a better stress state and a more stable and reliable system.

[0088] In some embodiments, the female connector 5 includes a fixing plate 502 and two side plates 503; the two side plates 503 are fixed to one side of the fixing plate 502 at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a radial slot 501 is formed between the two side plates 503; the other side of the fixing plate 502 is supported on one side of the second building embedded plate 9 and fastened by a plurality of bolts; the top of the fixing plate 502 is provided with a first keyway 5021, and the top of the second building embedded plate 9 is provided with a second keyway 901, and the shear key 10 is embedded in the first keyway 5021 and the second keyway 901. The female connector 5 has a simple and reliable structure, and is convenient to process and install.

[0089] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circumferential limiting device for a Dewar vacuum container, characterized in that, Arranged at equal intervals circumferentially around the periphery of the Dewar vacuum container, including: A friction-reducing plate, wherein the friction-reducing plate is disposed on the bottom of the building wall and protrudes upward from the bottom of the building; A skirted I-beam, comprising an upper plate, a lower plate, and a web connecting the upper plate and the lower plate; the upper plate is welded and fixed to the outermost edge of the skirted section of the Dewar base, and the lower plate is supported on the friction-reducing plate; A clamping assembly that presses the lower plate against the friction-reducing plate; The male head is located on the outer side of the web, and the radial inner end of the male head is welded and fixed to the outer side of the web; A female connector is mounted on the building wall. The female connector has a radial slot with an opening facing the male connector. The radial slot engages with the radial outer end of the male connector to restrict the circumferential movement of the male connector and allow the male connector to move freely in the radial and vertical directions. A measuring component, disposed on the female end and the male end, is used to monitor the stability of the weld between the male end and the web.

2. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring components include a circumferential pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; wherein, the circumferential pressure sensor is distributed on the opposite two side walls of the radial slot and is located between the male connector and the wall of the radial slot, respectively, for collecting force measurement data at the force monitoring point of the male connector; the temperature sensor is disposed on the male connector for collecting temperature measurement data at the temperature monitoring point of the male connector.

3. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the two opposite sides of the radial slot is provided with a mounting groove, and there are two circumferential pressure sensors, which are respectively installed in the mounting grooves one to one.

4. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, An inherent buffer pad is attached to the circumferential pressure sensor, and the buffer pad is sandwiched between the circumferential pressure sensor and the side of the male connector.

5. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The force measurement data includes circumferential pressure and time, and the temperature measurement data includes temperature and time, wherein the time of the force measurement data is consistent with the time of the temperature measurement data. The weld check stress of the weld between the male end and the web is calculated using the following formula: in, The stress of the weld is checked. τ For shear stress, σ It is normal stress. a This refers to the throat size of the fillet weld. w For weld width, A Let be the height dimension of the male connector in the vertical direction. B Let be the width dimension of the male connector in the circumferential direction. L The radial length of the male connector is given. F The circumferential pressure; The weld stress check must meet the following conditions: in, This is the joint coefficient of the weld, with a value ranging from 0.5 to 0.

75. It is the allowable stress of the same material as the male head and the skirt I-beam; Calculate the temperature change and weld check stress change for each cycle, respectively. and ; Establish temperature-stress coefficients: Calculate the temperature-stress coefficients for each cycle: in, k It is the temperature-stress coefficient. n It is the number of cycles. k (n) Indicates the first n Temperature-stress relationship coefficient for each cycle; if k If the value continues to increase, the weld between the male end and the web plate degenerates; otherwise, the weld between the male end and the web plate remains stable.

6. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial outer end surface of the male connector that mates with the radial slot is a polished smooth surface.

7. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A leveling pad is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the lower plate, and the leveling pad is directly supported on the friction-reducing plate.

8. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first building embedded plate pre-embedded at the bottom of the building, the upper surface of the first building embedded plate being exposed at the bottom of the building, and the friction-reducing plate being fixed to the first building embedded plate.

9. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first building embedded plate is provided with a groove, and the friction-reducing plate is embedded in the groove; the friction-reducing plate is a metal plate made of graphite copper plate material.

10. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes an outer skirt clamping block, an outer screw, an inner skirt clamping block, and an inner screw; the outer skirt clamping block is located on the outside of the skirt I-beam and is clamped to the outer edge of the lower plate in cooperation with the outer screw; the inner skirt clamping block is located on the inside of the skirt I-beam and is clamped to the inner edge of the lower plate in cooperation with the inner screw.

11. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The lower end of the external screw is welded and fixed to the first building embedded plate. The skirt outer pressure block is L-shaped. The external screw passes through the skirt outer pressure block, and one end of the skirt outer pressure block is supported on the first building embedded plate and the other end is placed on the outer edge of the lower plate. The skirt outer pressure block presses the outer edge of the lower plate by tightening the bolt on the external screw. The lower end of the inner screw is welded and fixed to the first building embedded plate. The inner pressure block of the skirt is L-shaped. The inner screw passes through the inner pressure block of the skirt, so that one end of the inner pressure block of the skirt is supported on the first building embedded plate and the other end is placed on the inner edge of the lower plate. The inner pressure block of the skirt presses the inner edge of the lower plate by tightening the bolt on the inner screw.

12. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The outer pressure block of the skirt has a through hole for the corresponding outer screw to pass through; the inner pressure block of the skirt has an open waist hole for the corresponding inner screw to pass through.

13. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second building embedded plate pre-embedded in the building wall, and the female head is set on the second building embedded plate.

14. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 13, characterized in that, One side of the second building embedded plate is exposed on the inner surface of the building wall, and the female head and the second building embedded plate are connected by bolts and shear keys.

15. The Dewar vacuum container circumferential limiting device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The female head includes a fixed plate and two side plates; the two side plates are fixed to one side of the fixed plate at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a radial slot is formed between the two side plates; the other side of the fixed plate is supported on one side of the second building embedded plate and fastened by a plurality of bolts; the top of the fixed plate is provided with a first keyway, the top of the second building embedded plate is provided with a second keyway, and the shear key is embedded in the first keyway and the second keyway.

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