Filtering apparatus and sample pre-treatment system

Abstract

The application relates to a filtering device and a sample pretreatment system, the filtering device comprising: a filtering device, the filtering device comprising a limiting plate and a dripping tube, the dripping tube being detachably inserted into the limiting plate from top to bottom, and the dripping tube being used for filtering supernatant to obtain filtrate; and a pipetting device, the pipetting device comprising a carrier plate, a floating plate, an elastic connecting piece and a sealing plug, the floating plate being arranged at the lower end of the carrier plate, the elastic connecting piece being used for elastically connecting the carrier plate and the floating plate, the sealing plug being fixed to the carrier plate, and the upper end of the sealing plug being connected with a pipetting mechanism, the lower end of the sealing plug being connected with a pipetting tube, the pipetting mechanism being used for driving the pipetting tube to suck the supernatant, and the pipetting mechanism also being used for driving the pipetting tube to inject the supernatant into the dripping tube, in the process of injecting the supernatant into the dripping tube by the pipetting tube, the floating plate abuts against the upper end of the dripping tube, and the elastic connecting piece is compressed between the carrier plate and the floating plate. The application not only facilitates the mounting and dismounting of the dripping tube, improves the processing efficiency, and improves the filtering stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of pesticide residue detection, and in particular to a filtration device and a sample pretreatment system. Background Technology

[0002] In sample pretreatment, filtration equipment is used to purify the supernatant after centrifugation to obtain pure filtrate. However, in related technologies, the drip tube of filtration equipment is cumbersome to install and remove, requiring the disassembly of multiple parts for replacement, resulting in low operational efficiency. Furthermore, after long-term use, wear and tear on the parts can lead to loose connections, making it impossible to effectively secure the drip tube and thus affecting filtration stability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a filtration device and a sample pretreatment system, which not only facilitates the loading and unloading of the drip tube and improves processing efficiency, but also enhances filtration stability.

[0004] In a first aspect, the filtration device provided in the embodiments of this application includes:

[0005] A filtration device includes a limiting plate and a dripping tube, wherein the dripping tube is detachably inserted into the limiting plate from top to bottom, and the dripping tube is used to filter the supernatant to obtain filtrate; and

[0006] A pipetting device includes a carrier plate, a float plate, an elastic connector, and a sealing plug. The float plate is disposed at the lower end of the carrier plate. The elastic connector elastically connects the carrier plate and the float plate. The sealing plug is fixed to the carrier plate, and its upper end is connected to a pipetting mechanism. A pipette is inserted into the lower end of the sealing plug. The pipetting mechanism is used to drive the pipette to draw supernatant. The pipetting mechanism is also used to drive the pipette to inject the supernatant into a dropper. During the process of the pipette injecting the supernatant into the dropper, the pipette is inserted into the dropper. The float plate abuts against the upper end of the dropper, and the elastic connector is compressed between the carrier plate and the float plate.

[0007] Secondly, the sample pretreatment system provided in this application includes the filtration device provided in the first aspect embodiment.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows: In this filtration device and sample pretreatment system, the dropper is detachably inserted into the limiting plate from top to bottom, allowing for quick installation, removal, and replacement of the dropper without complicated disassembly steps, thus improving operational convenience. Moreover, the floating plate of the pipetting device abuts against the upper end of the dropper during liquid injection, forming a stable downward pressure in conjunction with the compressed elastic connector, which can firmly fix the dropper, preventing it from shifting or detaching with the pipetting tube when inserted or removed, and ensuring the stability of the dropper position during liquid injection, thereby improving filtration stability. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sample pretreatment system structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0010] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the sample pretreatment system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0011] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the A-structure.

[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid injection device and the first capping device in the sample pretreatment system of this application embodiment.

[0013] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the oscillation device in the sample pretreatment system of this application embodiment.

[0014] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first gripping device in the sample pretreatment system of this application embodiment.

[0015] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gripping device and the pipetting device in the filtration device of this application embodiment.

[0016] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the capping device in the filter equipment of this application embodiment.

[0017] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A partial structural diagram from another perspective.

[0018] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified view of the local B structure.

[0019] Figure 11 for Figure 9 CC section view.

[0020] Figure 12 for Figure 2 Another perspective illustration.

[0021] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A partial structural diagram of the DD cross-section.

[0022] Figure 14 for Figure 12 A magnified view of the local E-structure.

[0023] Figure 15 for Figure 14 Rear view.

[0024] Figure 16This is a schematic diagram of the centrifugation device in the sample pretreatment system of this application embodiment.

[0025] Figure 17 for Figure 16 A magnified view of a portion of the F-structure.

[0026] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the temporary storage mechanism in the sample pretreatment system of this application embodiment.

[0027] Figure 19 for Figure 2 Another perspective illustration.

[0028] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the filtration device and experimental bottle fixture in the filtration equipment of this application embodiment.

[0029] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the material removal device and waste chute in the filtration equipment of this application embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0031] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0033] The filtration device provided in this application embodiment is applied to the sample pretreatment system provided in this application embodiment. For ease of understanding, the sample pretreatment system of this application embodiment will be described first.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 21The sample pretreatment system of this application includes a gripping device 1, a capping device 2, a liquid injection device 3, a mixing device, a centrifugation device 6, a filtering device 7, a pipetting device 8, and a transport device 9. The gripping device 1 is used to hold the cap 902 of the sampling tube 90. The capping device 2 is used to hold the tube body 901 of the sampling tube 90. The capping device 2 is also used to hold the tube body 901 to rotate while the gripping device 1 holds the cap 902, so that the cap 902 can be screwed open or closed relative to the tube body 901. The liquid injection device 3 is used to inject organic solvent into the tube body 901, which is held by the capping device 2 and contains the sample to be tested, to obtain a mixture composed of organic solvent and sample to be tested. The mixing device is used to mix the mixture in the sampling tube 90 to ensure that the organic solvent and sample to be tested are fully mixed. The centrifugation device 6 is used to centrifuge the mixed mixture in the sampling tube 90 to obtain a final product. The supernatant is filtered by the filter device 7 to obtain filtrate. The pipetting device 8 is used to draw at least a portion of the supernatant from the sampling tube 90 into the pipetting tube 100. The pipetting device 8 is also used to inject the supernatant from the pipetting tube 100 into the filter device 7. The transport device 9 is used to drive the gripping device 1 to move to transport the sampling tube 90 to the capping device 2. The transport device 9 is also used to drive the gripping device 1 to move to transport the sampling tube 90 to the mixing device. The transport device 9 is also used to drive the gripping device 1 to move to transport the sampling tube 90 to the centrifugation device 6. The transport device 9 is also used to drive the pipetting device 8 to move from the capping device 2 to the filter device 7. When the capping device 2 holds the tube body 901 to rotate, the transport device 9 is also used to drive the gripping device 1 holding the cap body 902 to move in a direction close to or away from the tube body 901 (e.g., up and down) to open or close the cap body 902.

[0035] This embodiment of the application achieves automated operation of the sample pretreatment process through the coordinated operation of the gripping device 1, the capping device 2, the liquid injection device 3, the mixing device, the centrifugation device 6, the filtering device 7, the pipetting device 8, and the transport device 9. This reduces operation time, improves processing efficiency, and avoids problems such as leakage, cross-contamination, and parameter instability caused by differences in manual operation. It ensures the consistency of pretreatment results and provides a guarantee for the accuracy of subsequent pesticide residue detection data. At the same time, the automated operation reduces direct contact between humans and organic solvents and samples, thus reducing safety risks. Moreover, during the capping process, the tube body 901 only rotates and the cap body 902 only rises and falls to open and close the cap body 902. This means that the cap body 902 does not need to bear the rotational torque. It only needs to follow the thread stroke brought by the rotation of the tube body 901 and move smoothly along the axial direction (vertical direction) of the tube body 901. This reduces the stress concentration caused by the cap body 902 bearing both clamping force and rotational force at the same time, as well as the frictional damage with the capping device 2. It also avoids the additional friction or squeezing caused by the asynchronous rotation and rising and falling of the cap body 902 when the cap body 902 needs to both rotate and rise and fall in related technologies. This reduces the risk of the cap body 902 developing clamp marks or deformation, and takes into account the stability and efficiency of opening and closing the cap as well as the integrity of the cap body 902. This extends the service life of the cap body 902, allowing the sampling tube 90 to withstand multiple or even repeated opening and closing operations.

[0036] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The capping device 2 includes a first capping device 2a and a second capping device 2b. The gripping device 1 includes a first gripping device 1a and a second gripping device 1b. The transport device 9 includes a first transport device 9a and a second transport device 9b. The first gripping device 1a is located at the output end of the first transport device 9a, and the second gripping device 1b and the pipetting device 8 are located at the output end of the second transport device 9b. The first transport device 9a is used to drive the first gripping device 1a to move to transport the sampling tube 90 from the sampling tube placement seat 10 to the first capping device 2a. The first transport device 9a is also used to drive the first gripping device 1a to move to transport the sampling tube 90 from the first capping device 2a to the mixing device. The first transport device 9a is also used to drive the first gripping device 1a to move to transport the sampling tube 90 from the mixing device to the centrifugation device 6. The first transport device 9a is also used to drive the first gripping device 1a holding the cap 902 to rise and fall when the first capping device 2a holds the tube body 901 to rotate, so that the cap 902... 2. The liquid injection device 3 is used to inject organic solvent into the tube 901, which is fixed in the first capping device 2a and holds the sample to be tested. The second transport device 9b is used to drive the second gripping device 1b to move to transport the sampling tube 90 from the centrifuge device 6 to the second capping device 2b. The second transport device 9b is also used to drive the second gripping device 1b, which holds the cap 902, to move up and down when the tube 901 is fixed in the second capping device 2b to make the cap 902 open or close. The second transport device 9b is also used to drive the pipetting device 8 to move from the second capping device 2b to the filter device 7. As an example, the second gripping device 1b and the pipetting device 8 are respectively fixed to the output end of the second transport device 9b, and there is a gap between the second gripping device 1b and the pipetting device 8 to avoid interference during operation.

[0037] In this embodiment, the capping device 2 includes a first capping device 2a and a second capping device 2b, the gripping device 1 includes a first gripping device 1a and a second gripping device 1b, and the conveying device 9 includes a first conveying device 9a and a second conveying device 9b. This avoids process congestion caused by a single conveying device, gripping device, and capping device handling the entire process, and shortens the total processing cycle for a single batch of samples. Furthermore, dividing the capping device 2, conveying device 9, and gripping device 1 into two groups of devices independently responsible for different stages reduces the cascading impact of a single device failure on the entire process. As an example, the first capping device 2a and the second capping device 2b have identical structures, the first gripping device 1a and the second gripping device 1b have identical structures, and the first conveying device 9a and the second conveying device 9b have identical structures.

[0038] As an example, the first handling device 9a and the second handling device 9b can be robotic arms.

[0039] In one implementation, the sample pretreatment system operates as follows: After the first gripping device 1a holds the cap 902 of the sampling tube 90 on the sampling tube placement seat 10, the first transport device 9a drives the first gripping device 1a to move, so that the first gripping device 1a transports the sampling tube 90 from the sampling tube placement seat 10 to the first capping device 2a. After the sampling tube 90 is placed on the first capping device 2a, the first gripping device 1a still holds the cap 902 of the sampling tube 90, and the first capping device 2a holds the tube body 901 of the sampling tube 90. Then, the first capping device 2a drives the tube body 901 to rotate. During the rotation of the tube body 901, the first transport device 9a drives the first gripping device 1a to move upward while gripping the cap 902, so that the cap 902 can be unscrewed relative to the tube body 901 and separated from the tube body 901. After the cap 902 separates from the tube 901, the liquid injection device 3 injects organic solvent into the tube 901, where the sample to be tested mixes with the organic solvent to form a mixture. Then, the first transport device 9a drives the first gripping device 1a to grip the cap 902 and move it downwards, while the first screwing device 2a drives the tube 901 to rotate, allowing the cap 902 to be screwed relative to the tube 901. After screwing the cap 902, the first screwing device 2a releases the tube 901, and the first transport device 9a drives the first gripping device 1a to move, so that the first gripping device 1a transports the sampling tube 90 from the first screwing device 2a to the mixing device. After the sampling tube 90 is transported to the mixing device, the first gripping device 1a releases the sampling tube 90, and the mixing device mixes the mixture in the sampling tube 90 to ensure that the organic solvent and the sample to be tested are fully mixed, ensuring that the target substance (such as pesticide residue) in the sample is uniformly and fully dissolved or dispersed in the organic solvent. As an example, the organic solvent can be acetonitrile. After the mixing process is completed, the first gripping device 1a clamps the cap 902 of the sampling tube 90 again, and then the first transport device 9a drives the first gripping device 1a to move, so that the first gripping device 1a transports the sampling tube 90 from the mixing device to the centrifugation device 6. After the sampling tube 90 is transported to the centrifugation device 6, the first gripping device 1a releases the sampling tube 90, and the centrifugation device 6 centrifuges the mixture contained in the sampling tube 90 to cause the mixture to separate into layers. Since the sample to be tested may contain solid particles such as plant tissue debris and soil particles, the density of solid particles is much greater than that of organic solvents. Under the action of centrifugal force, the solid particles will settle to the bottom of the sampling tube 90 to form a sediment layer, while the target detection substance, because it is dissolved in the less dense organic solvent, will be suspended in the upper layer to form a supernatant. After centrifugation, the second gripping device 1b clamps the cap 902 of the sampling tube 90, and then the second transport device 9b drives the second gripping device 1b to move, so that the second gripping device 1b transports the sampling tube 90 from the centrifugation device 6 to the second capping device 2b.After the sampling tube 90 is placed on the second capping device 2b, the second gripping device 1b holds the cap 902 of the sampling tube 90 in place, and the second capping device 2b clamps the tube body 901 of the sampling tube 90. Then, the second capping device 2b drives the tube body 901 to rotate. During the rotation of the tube body 901, the second transport device 9b drives the second gripping device 1b to grip the cap 902 and move it upward, so that the cap 902 can be unscrewed relative to the tube body 901 and separated from the tube body 901. After the cap 902 separates from the tube body 901, the second gripping device 1b holds the cap 902 clamping the sampling tube 90. The second transport device 9b first drives the pipette 8 to move to the pipette placement seat 20, so that the pipette 8 can pick up the pipette 100 on the pipette placement seat 20. Then, the second transport device 9b drives the pipette 8, which is fixedly holding the pipette 100, to move from the pipette placement seat 20 to the second capping device 2b, and inserts the pipette 100 into the tube body 901. Then, the pipette 8 draws at least a portion of the supernatant from the sampling tube 90 into the pipette 100. After drawing the supernatant, the second transport device 9b then drives the pipette 8, which is fixedly holding the pipette 100, to move from the second capping device 2b to the filter device 7. Then, the pipetting device 8 injects the supernatant in the pipette 100 into the filtration device 7, and the filtration device 7 filters the supernatant to obtain filtrate. The experimental bottle 300 on the experimental bottle fixture 40 receives the filtrate for subsequent testing and other processing.

[0040] In this embodiment, if the cover 902 is in the screw-on state, when the first gripping device 1a (second gripping device 1b) grips and moves the cover 902, the entire sampling tube 90 is moved by the first gripping device 1a (second gripping device 1b). If the cover 902 is in the unscrewed state, when the first gripping device 1a (second gripping device 1b) grips and moves the cover 902, the cover 902 is moved by the first gripping device 1a (second gripping device 1b). Furthermore, both the second gripping device 1b and the pipetting device 8 are located at the output end of the second transport device 9b, so when the second transport device 9b drives one of the second gripping device 1b and the pipetting device 8 to move, the other moves synchronously.

[0041] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7The gripping device 1 includes multiple gripping components 11, each of which can grip the cover 902 of one sampling tube 90. In other words, multiple gripping components 11 can simultaneously grip the covers 902 of multiple sampling tubes 90. Each gripping component 11 includes a gripping drive 111 and at least two first grippers 112. The gripping drive 111 is fixed to the output end of the conveying device 9, and the first grippers 112 are disposed at the output end of the gripping drive 111. The gripping drive 111 is used to drive all the first grippers 112 to move towards each other until all the first grippers 112 engage and clamp the cover 902. The gripping drive 111 is also used to drive all the first grippers 112 to move away from each other until the first grippers 112 separate from the cover 902 to release the cover 902. As an example, each gripping component 11 includes two first gripper members 112, and the gripping drive member 111 is a gripper cylinder that can simultaneously drive the two first gripper members 112 to move towards each other or away from each other.

[0042] In this embodiment, the gripping drive 111 can drive all the first gripper pieces 112 to move towards each other, so that all the first gripper pieces 112 cooperate with each other to form a stable clamping force, thereby reliably clamping the cover 902 of the sampling tube 90 and preventing the cover 902 from loosening or slipping during handling or unscrewing. At the same time, the gripping drive 111 can also drive the first gripper pieces 112 to move away from each other, quickly releasing the clamp on the cover 902 and realizing convenient release of the cover 902. Moreover, multiple gripping components 11 can simultaneously correspond to multiple sampling tubes 90, and can simultaneously perform clamping and releasing operations on the cover 902 of multiple sampling tubes 90, without having to process each individual sampling tube 90 one by one, effectively improving the efficiency of the sample pretreatment process, and is applicable to batch sample processing scenarios.

[0043] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The gripping device 1 includes four gripping components 11, which are arranged sequentially at intervals. Each gripping component 11 is used to grip the cover 902 of one sampling tube 90. That is, the gripping device 1 can grip the covers 902 of four sampling tubes 90 simultaneously. In some examples, each gripping component 11 includes two first gripper members 112. The gripping drive member 111 can drive the two first gripper members 112 to move towards each other until all the first gripper members 112 engage and clamp the cover 902. The gripping drive member 111 can also drive the two first gripper members 112 to move away from each other until the first gripper members 112 separate from the cover 902 to release the cover 902.

[0044] As an example, the gripping component 11 has a gripping state and a release state that are relatively arranged. In the gripping state, the gripping component 11 is used to hold the cover 902, and the first gripper 112 of the gripping component 11 in the gripping state clamps the cover 902. In the release state, the gripping component 11 is used to release the cover 902, and the first gripper 112 of the gripping component 11 in the release state separates from the cover 902. The first gripper 112 includes an inner surface and an outer surface that are relatively arranged, and a mating surface 1121 connecting the inner surface and the outer surface. A clamping surface 1122 is formed on the inner surface of the first gripper 112, which is recessed into the first gripper 112 relative to the inner surface of the first gripper 112. The inner surface of the first gripper 112 includes a first inner surface 1123 located at the upper end of the clamping surface 1122 and a second inner surface 1124 located at the lower end of the clamping surface 1122. The first gripper 112 further includes a first connecting surface 1125 connecting the clamping surface 1122 and the first inner surface 1123, and a second connecting surface 1126 connecting the clamping surface 1122 and the second inner surface 1124. When the gripping assembly 11 is in the gripping state, the outer peripheral surface 9021 of the cover 902 abuts against the clamping surfaces 1122 of the two first grippers 112, that is, the clamping surfaces 1122 of the two first grippers 112 cooperate to clamp the outer peripheral surface 9021 of the cover 902. At the same time, the lower end surface 9022 of the cover 902 abuts against the second connecting surfaces 1126 of the two first grippers 112, that is, the second connecting surfaces 1126 of the two first grippers 112 support the lower end of the lower end surface 9022 of the cover 902. Meanwhile, there is a gap between the outer peripheral surface 9011 of the tube 901 and the second inner surface 1124 of the two first grippers 112. In other words, the tube body 901 does not come into contact with the gripping component 11.

[0045] In this embodiment, when in the gripping state, the clamping surface 1122 of the first gripper 112 abuts against the outer peripheral surface 9021 of the cover 902, conforming to the shape of the cover 902 to form a stable grip, preventing the cover 902 from loosening or slipping during handling or tightening, and reducing local compression damage to the outer peripheral surface 9021 of the cover 902, allowing the cover 902 to withstand multiple or even repeated tightening operations. The second connecting surfaces 1126 of the two first grippers 112 support the lower end surface 9022 of the cover 902, further enhancing the stability of the gripping of the cover 902 and reducing displacement or detachment of the cover 902 during lifting and lowering. In addition, a gap is reserved between the outer peripheral surface of the tube body 901 and the second inner surface 1124, which not only avoids unnecessary friction or collision between the first gripper 112 and the tube body 901, preventing damage to the tube body 901 or the first gripper 112, but also provides space for the tube body 901 to rotate when tightening the cap, preventing the first gripper 112 from interfering with the rotation of the tube body 901.

[0046] In some examples, when the gripping component 11 is in the gripping state, the clamping surface 1122 is completely fitted against the outer peripheral surface 9021 of the cover 902, thereby maximizing the contact area between the first gripper 112 and the cover 902. This improves the stability of the cover 902 gripping to prevent loosening and slippage, and also disperses the clamping force to reduce localized compression damage to the surface of the cover 902. For example, if the outer peripheral surface 9021 of the cover 902 is a cylindrical surface, then the clamping surface 1122 can be a semi-cylindrical surface. For example, if the outer peripheral surface 9021 of the cover 902 is a square cylinder, then the clamping surface 1122 can be a U-shaped surface. For example, if the outer peripheral surface 9021 of the cover 902 has a patterned surface, then the clamping surface 1122 can be a surface with the same pattern.

[0047] In some examples, when the gripping component 11 is in the gripping state, the upper end face 9023 of the cover 902 abuts against the first connecting surface 1125 of the two first gripper members 112. That is, the cover 902 is clamped between the first connecting surface 1125 and the second connecting surface 1126, thereby limiting the cover 902 in the vertical direction, preventing the cover 902 from moving up and down during handling or lifting and unscrewing, further improving the clamping stability, and at the same time dispersing the axial force on the cover 902 to reduce the risk of local compression deformation.

[0048] In some examples, when the gripping component 11 is in the gripping state, the mating surfaces 1121 of the two first gripper members 112 are exactly abutting. For example, the outer peripheral surface 9021 of the cover 902 is a cylindrical surface, and the clamping surfaces 1122 of the two first gripper members 112 can be mated to form a closed cylindrical surface. The closed cylindrical surface completely fits the outer peripheral surface 9021 of the cover 902, forming a stable circumferential clamping, which limits the cover 902 from shifting or rotating during handling or tightening, further enhancing the stability of the clamping.

[0049] In some examples, when the gripping component 11 is in the gripping state, there may be a gap between the mating surfaces 1121 of the two first gripper members 112. The gap between the mating surfaces 1121 can accommodate the dimensional deviations of the cover 902, provide some adjustment space for the gripping action of the gripper members, and improve the compatibility with the dimensions of the cover 902.

[0050] In some examples, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7The output end of the gripping drive 111 is fixed to the upper end of the first gripper 112. The second inner surface 1124 is recessed inward relative to the first inner surface 1123. The thickness of the upper end of the first gripper 112 is greater than the thickness of the lower end of the first gripper 112. In this embodiment, the output end of the gripping drive 111 is fixed to the upper end of the first gripper 112, the second inner surface 1124 is recessed inward relative to the first inner surface 1123, and the thickness of the upper end of the first gripper 112 is greater than the thickness of the lower end. This not only enhances the stability of the connection between the gripping drive 111 and the first gripper 112 through the thicker upper structure, but also provides sufficient space for the lower tube 901 to avoid interference, while ensuring the stable positioning of the first connecting surface 1125 on the upper part of the cover 902.

[0051] In some examples, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The first gripper 112 also includes a relief surface 1127 recessed inward relative to the mating surface 1121. The relief surface 1127 is formed at the lower end of the clamping surface 1122 and connected to the second inner surface 1124. When the gripping assembly 11 is in the gripping state, there is a gap between the relief surfaces 1127 of the two first grippers 112, which can prevent the first grippers 112 from interfering with the tube body 901 (especially at the junction of the tube body 901 below the cover 902).

[0052] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the gripping device may also include other gripping components, and the gripping components may also include other first gripper members, which can be set according to the actual situation, and will not be elaborated here.

[0053] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figures 8 to 11 The capping device 2 includes a guide plate 21, a support assembly 22, a clamping assembly 23, and a rotating assembly 24. The guide plate 21 defines a first limiting hole 211, and the tube body 901 passes through the first limiting hole 211. The support assembly 22 is spaced apart at the lower end of the guide plate 21. The support assembly 22 is used to support the tube body 901 passing through the first limiting hole 211. The clamping assembly 23 is used to clamp the tube body 901 supported by the support assembly 22. The rotating assembly 24 is used to drive the tube body 901 clamped by the clamping assembly 23 to rotate.

[0054] In this embodiment, the guide plate 21 limits the tube body 901 through the first limiting hole 211 to prevent the tube body 901 from shaking. The support components 22 are spaced apart at the lower end of the guide plate 21, which can stably support the tube body 901 from below, providing reliable axial support for the tube body 901 and preventing the tube body 901 from sinking due to its own weight or operating force. The clamping components 23 further clamp and fix the supported tube body 901 to ensure that the tube body 901 will not loosen or shift during rotation, and to ensure that the external thread of the tube body 901 and the internal thread of the cover 902 are precisely matched.

[0055] As one implementation method, please refer to Figures 8 to 11 The tube body 901 includes a cylindrical section 9012 and a tapered section 9013 connected to the lower end of the cylindrical section 9012. The outer diameter of the tapered section 9013 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The outer circumferential surface 9011 of the tube body 901 refers to the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical section 9012. The cylindrical section 9012 passes through the first limiting hole 211. The support assembly 22 has a second limiting hole 221 coaxially arranged with the first limiting hole 211. The diameter of the second limiting hole 221 is larger than the lower end diameter of the tapered section 9013 and smaller than the upper end diameter of the tapered section 9013. In this embodiment, the cylindrical portion 9012 of the tube 901 passes through the first limiting hole 211 of the guide plate 21. The first limiting hole 211 provides radial constraint to the cylindrical portion 9012. Simultaneously, the second limiting hole 221 on the support assembly 22 is coaxially arranged with the first limiting hole 211, ensuring that the tube 901 remains vertical in the axial direction (vertical direction), preventing tilting and further improving positioning accuracy. Furthermore, the diameter of the second limiting hole 221 is larger than the lower diameter of the conical portion 9013 but smaller than the upper diameter, allowing the lower end of the conical portion 9013 to smoothly enter the second limiting hole 221. The upper end of the conical portion 9013 (due to its larger diameter) is blocked by the edge of the second limiting hole 221, forming stable axial support and effectively preventing the tube 901 from falling downwards during subsequent rotation and operation. In addition, the first limiting hole 211 and the second limiting hole 221 can also ensure that when the rotating component 24 drives the clamping component 23 to hold the tube body 901 to rotate, the rotation trajectory of the tube body 901 is stable and without eccentric shaking. This not only avoids the thread fit deviation caused by the tilt of the tube body 901, but also reduces the additional friction between the tube body 901 and other components when it rotates, thus ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the opening and closing operation.

[0056] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 8 The guide plate 21 has multiple first limiting holes 211. The capping device 2 includes multiple support components 22 and multiple clamping components 23. The number of first limiting holes 211, support components 22, and clamping components 23 are all equal. For example, the guide plate 21 has four first limiting holes 211, and the capping device 2 includes four support components 22 and four clamping components 23. The capping device 2 can simultaneously hold the tube bodies 901 of four sampling tubes 90, and the rotating component 24 can simultaneously drive the tube bodies 901 of the four sampling tubes 90 on the capping device 2 to rotate synchronously. As an example, the number of first limiting holes 211, support components 22, and clamping components 23 are all equal to the number of gripping components 11, which can realize the synchronous positioning, support, clamping, and gripping operations of multiple sampling tubes 90, improve the batch efficiency of sample pretreatment, and ensure the coordinated adaptation of each device.

[0057] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 The clamping assembly 23 includes a clamping drive 231 and clamping members 232. The clamping member 232 includes a rotation limiting shaft 2321 and at least two second gripper members 2322. As an example, each clamping member 232 may include three second gripper members 2322. The rotation limiting shaft 2321 is slidably disposed on the support assembly 22. The rotation limiting shaft 2321 is coaxially connected to the upper end of the output shaft 2311 of the clamping drive 231, and the rotation limiting shaft 2321 can rotate about the axis of the rotation limiting shaft 2321 relative to the output shaft 2311 of the clamping drive 231. All second gripper members 2322 are evenly distributed around the axis of the rotation limiting shaft 2321. The upper end of each second gripper member 2322 has a gripping portion 23223 for gripping the tube body 901. The middle portion of each second gripper member 2322 is rotatably connected to the support assembly 22. The lower end of each second gripper member 2322 is connected to the rotation limiting shaft 2321 via a connecting rod 2323. The connecting rod 2323 is rotatably connected to both the second gripper member 2322 and the rotation limiting shaft 2321. The output shaft 2311 of the clamping drive member 231 can move up and down to drive the gripping portion 23223 to clamp or release the tube body 901. The rotating assembly 24 is used to drive the support assembly 22 to rotate around the axis of the rotation limiting shaft 2321, so that the clamping member 232 rotates around the axis of the rotation limiting shaft 2321. As an example, the clamping drive member 231 is a cylinder.

[0058] In this embodiment, the output shaft 2311 of the clamping drive 231 can move upward to an extended state. When the clamping drive 231 is in the extended state, the clamping member 232 clamps the tube body 901. The output shaft 2311 of the clamping drive 231 can also move downward to a retracted state. When the clamping drive 231 is in the retracted state, the clamping member 232 releases the tube body 901. During the upward movement of the output shaft 2311 of the clamping drive 231, the rotation limit shaft 2321 moves upward with the output shaft 2311 of the clamping drive 231, thereby pushing the lower end of the second gripper 2322 to rotate outward and the upper end of the second gripper 2322 to rotate inward through the connecting rod 2323. That is, the clamping portions 23223 of all the second grippers 2322 move towards each other to clamp the tube body 901. As the output shaft 2311 of the clamping drive 231 moves downward, the rotation limit shaft 2321 moves downward along with the output shaft 2311 of the clamping drive 231, thereby pulling the lower end of the second gripper 2322 to rotate inward and the upper end of the second gripper 2322 to rotate outward through the connecting rod 2323, which causes the clamping parts 23223 of all the second grippers 2322 to move in opposite directions to release the tube body 901.

[0059] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 3as well as Figures 8 to 11 The sample pretreatment system includes a base plate 30, with a guide plate 21 fixed above the base plate 30. The base plate 30 has clearance holes 301 corresponding to the guide plate 21. The capping device 2 also includes a first mounting plate 251, which is fixed to the base plate 30 and located below the clearance holes 301. A support assembly 22 is rotatably mounted on the first mounting plate 251 via a first bearing 261. Furthermore, the support assembly 22 has a first guide hole 222 and a second guide hole 223. The axis of the first guide hole 222 is collinear with the axis of the rotation limiting shaft 2321. The number of second guide holes 223 is the same as the number of second gripper pieces 2322, and the second guide holes 223 communicate with and are evenly spaced around the first guide holes 222. One end of the connecting rod 2323 is rotatably connected to the rotation limiting shaft 2321, and the other end of the connecting rod 2323 passes through the second guide hole 223 and is rotatably connected to the second gripper 2322. When the rotating assembly 24 drives the support assembly 22 to rotate around the axis of the rotation limiting shaft 2321, since the second gripper 2322 is connected to the support assembly 22, the second gripper 2322 will also rotate with the support assembly 22, so that the tube 901 clamped by the second gripper 2322 can also rotate around the axis of the rotation limiting shaft 2321.

[0060] As an example, please refer to Figure 11The first guide hole 222 includes a first hole segment 2221 and a second hole segment 2222 communicating with the upper end of the first hole segment 2221. The diameter of the second hole segment 2222 is larger than the diameter of the first hole segment 2221. The second guide hole 223 is formed on the hole wall of the second hole segment 2222. The rotating limiting shaft 2321 includes a shaft portion 23211 and a limiting portion 23212 fixed to the upper end of the shaft portion 23211. The shaft portion 23211 is movably disposed within the first hole segment 2221. The limiting portion 23212 includes a limiting block 23213 movably disposed within the second hole segment 2222 and a plurality of first limiting arms 23214 protruding circumferentially from the limiting block 23213 at even intervals. The first limiting arms 23214 are correspondingly disposed with the second guide holes 223 one by one, and the first limiting arms 23214 are movably inserted. Within the corresponding second guide hole 223, the two horizontally opposite surfaces 23214a of the first limiting arm slide in contact with the two opposite hole walls 223a of the second guide hole 223. The first limiting arm 23214 is connected to the connecting rod 2323 in a one-to-one correspondence. A first limiting groove 23215 is provided on the first limiting arm 23214. One end of the connecting rod 2323 is rotatably connected to the first limiting groove 23215, and the other end of the connecting rod 2323 is rotatably connected to the assembly hole 23224 of the second gripper 2322. When the rotating assembly 24 drives the support assembly 22 to rotate around the axis of the rotating limiting shaft 2321, the support assembly 22 will generate a circumferential force on the first limiting arm 23214 through the hole wall of the second guide hole 223. That is, the support assembly 22 can directly transmit the driving force of rotation to the rotating limiting shaft 2321, causing the rotating limiting shaft 2321 to rotate synchronously with the support assembly 22. Since the middle part of the second gripper 2322 is connected to the support assembly 22 and the lower end is connected to the rotation limit shaft 2321 through the connecting rod 2323, when rotating, the support assembly 22 and the connecting rod 2323 simultaneously drive the second gripper 2322 to rotate, avoiding additional torsional force on the second gripper 2322 and ensuring the stability and smoothness of the second gripper 2322 driving the tube body 901 to rotate.

[0061] In some examples, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11The second gripper 2322 includes a second limiting arm 23221 disposed in the middle of the second gripper 2322, and a second limiting groove 23222 is provided on the second limiting arm 23221. The support assembly 22 includes a support block 224 and a guide post 225 fixed to the lower end of the support block 224. A first guide hole 222 and a second guide hole 223 are provided on the guide post 225. A first bearing 261 is sleeved on the outside of the guide post 225. The support block 224 includes a block 2241 with a second limiting hole 221 and a plurality of third limiting arms 2242 protruding from the circumference of the block 2241. The third limiting arms 2242 are arranged one-to-one with the second gripper 2322. The third limiting arms 2242 are inserted into the second limiting groove 23222 and rotatably connected to the second limiting arm 23221. When the rotating component 24 drives the support component 22 to rotate around the axis of the rotating limiting shaft 2321, the support component 22 can transmit the driving force of rotation to the second gripper 2322 more evenly and stably, avoiding generating additional torsional force on the second gripper 2322.

[0062] In one embodiment, the clamping part 23223 is an arc-shaped clamping surface formed on the upper end of the second clamping claw 2322. When the second clamping claw 2322 clamps the tube 901, the clamping surface is exactly in contact with the outer periphery of the tube 901, which can maximize the contact area between the second clamping claw 2322 and the tube 901. This not only improves the stability of clamping the tube 901 to avoid the tube 901 rotating or shifting relative to the second clamping claw 2322, but also disperses the squeezing damage to the outer surface of the tube 901 caused by the clamping force.

[0063] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 11 The screw cap device 2 also includes a second mounting plate 252, which is fixed at a distance below the first mounting plate 251. The clamping drive 231 is fixed to the lower end of the second mounting plate 252, and the output shaft 2311 of the clamping drive 231 is inserted through the second mounting plate 252 from bottom to top in a clearance fit. The rotation limiting shaft 2321 is coaxially and rotatably connected to the upper end of the output shaft 2311 of the clamping drive 231 through the second bearing 262.

[0064] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 11The capping device 2 also includes a third mounting plate 253, which is fixed between the first mounting plate 251 and the second mounting plate 252 at a distance. The support assembly 22 is rotatably mounted on the third mounting plate 253 via a third bearing 263. The rotating assembly 24 includes a rotating drive member 241, a power gear 242 fixed to the output shaft of the rotating drive member 241, and driven gears 243 fixed to the outside of the support assembly 22. The power output from the output shaft of the rotating drive member 241 is transmitted to the driven gears 243 through the power gears 242, thereby driving the support assembly 22 to rotate. As an example, the cap-tightening device 2 includes four support components 22, which are arranged sequentially at intervals. Correspondingly, the rotating component 24 includes four driven gears 243, and also includes a first transmission gear 245 and three second transmission gears 246. The first transmission gear 245 and the second transmission gears 246 are respectively located on both sides of the support components 22. The first transmission gear 245 meshes between the power gear 242 and the two driven gears 243 located in the middle, and the second transmission gears 246 mesh between two adjacent driven gears 243. The power from the output shaft of the rotating drive 241 is transmitted sequentially to the two driven gears 243 in the middle through the power gear 242 and the first transmission gear 245. Then, the two driven gears 243 in the middle drive the driven gears 243 on both sides to rotate through the second transmission gears 246, thereby causing the four support components 22 to rotate synchronously. As an example, the rotating drive 241 is a motor.

[0065] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The liquid injection device 3 includes a support base 31, a swing rod 32, a mounting rod 33, and a first drive assembly 34. The support base 31 is fixed to the base plate 30 and located on one side of the clearance hole 301. The swing rod 32 is rotatably connected to the support base 31 via a swing arm shaft 35, which is located between the first and second ends of the swing rod 32. The mounting rod 33 is fixed to the first end of the swing rod 32 and is used to install the liquid injection tube. The first drive assembly 34 is connected to the second end of the swing rod 32 and is used to drive the swing rod 32 to rotate around the axis of the swing arm shaft 35 so that the mounting rod 33 swings to the liquid injection position or the clearance position. In the liquid injection position, the mounting rod 33 is located above the capping device 2, and the liquid injection tube is used to inject organic solvent into the tube body 901 when the mounting rod 33 is in the liquid injection position. In the clearance position, the mounting rod 33 is located on one side of the capping device 2, i.e., on one side of the sampling tube 90.

[0066] In this embodiment, when the mounting rod 33 is in the injection position, it is located above the first capping device 2a. The injection tube can be aligned with the corresponding tube body 901 to complete the organic solvent injection, ensuring that the organic solvent accurately enters the tube body 901 without spillage. This effectively avoids material waste and environmental pollution caused by injection position deviation, and ensures the accuracy of subsequent pesticide residue detection data. When the mounting rod 33 is in the avoidance position, it is located on one side of the first capping device 2a and will not interfere with the movement of the sampling tube 90 or capping operations. This effectively avoids material waste and environmental pollution caused by interference, allowing for orderly connection between various processes. There is no need to manually adjust the position of the mounting rod 33 to avoid operational conflicts, improving the overall smoothness of the operation.

[0067] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The mounting rod 33 is perpendicular to the swing rod 32. The mounting rod 33 has mounting holes 331 corresponding to the injection tubes, enabling independent and rapid positioning of each injection tube and ensuring accurate positioning. For example, the first capping device 2a can hold four sampling tubes 90 at a time. The mounting rod 33 has four mounting holes 331, meaning four injection tubes can be installed on the mounting rod 33, each inserted and fixed in its corresponding mounting hole 331. For example, the mounting hole 331 can be a threaded hole, with external threads on the injection tube, through which the injection tube passes and is threadedly connected. Alternatively, the injection tube passes through the mounting hole 331 and is welded or bonded to it.

[0068] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The injection device 3 also includes an injection distributor 36 fixed to the base plate 30. One end of the injection tube is connected to the injection distributor 36, and the other end of the injection tube is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole 331. The injection distributor 36 can be connected to an external liquid supply source to receive the organic solvent to be injected, thereby uniformly and synchronously distributing the organic solvent from a single liquid supply source to each injection tube, and then injecting it into the tube body 901 of the sampling tube 90, simplifying the structure of the injection device 3. As an example, there is a gap between the injection distributor 36 and the first capping device 2a, and the mounting rod 33 in the avoidance position is located between the injection distributor 36 and the first capping device 2a. It should be noted that the injection distributor 36 in this application can be the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0069] As an example, the first drive assembly 34 is a cylinder, the cylinder body of the first drive assembly 34 is rotatably connected to the base plate 30, and the extended end of the piston rod of the first drive assembly 34 is rotatably connected to the second end of the rocker arm 32.

[0070] In some embodiments, the mixing device includes at least one of a shaking device 4 and an ultrasonic device 5. The shaking device 4 is used to shake the mixture in the sampling tube 90, and the ultrasonic device 5 is used to ultrasonically treat the mixture in the sampling tube 90. As an example, the mixing device includes a shaking device 4 and an ultrasonic device 5, wherein the shaking device 4 is used to shake the mixture in the sampling tube 90, and the ultrasonic device 5 is used to ultrasonically treat the shaken mixture in the sampling tube 90. Accordingly, the first transport device 9a is further used to drive the first gripping device 1a to move to transport the sampling tube 90 from the first capping device 2a to the shaking device 4, and the first transport device 9a is further used to drive the first gripping device 1a to move to transport the sampling tube 90 from the shaking device 4 to the ultrasonic device 5.

[0071] In this embodiment, the oscillation device 4 can stir the mixture through high-frequency reciprocating motion, quickly breaking up the initial stratification or unevenness of the mixture, allowing different components to disperse and blend in a short time. The ultrasonic device 5 can effectively disperse any small agglomerates or localized areas of uneven concentration that may still exist after the oscillation treatment by utilizing the cavitation effect generated when high-frequency sound waves propagate in the liquid, ensuring that all components of the mixture achieve a highly uniform state from the macroscopic to the microscopic level. Compared to single oscillation or ultrasonic treatment, the dual mixing treatment can ensure mixing efficiency with the oscillation device 4 and improve mixing accuracy with the ultrasonic device 5, avoiding deviations in subsequent test results due to uneven mixing.

[0072] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The oscillation device 4 includes an oscillating arm 41, an oscillation shaft 42, a positioning seat 43, a positioning pressure plate 44, a second drive assembly 45, and a third drive assembly 46. The oscillating arm 41 has a first end and a second end that are arranged opposite to each other. The oscillation shaft 42 is connected to the first end of the oscillating arm 41. The positioning seat 43 is fixed to the second end of the oscillating arm 41. The positioning pressure plate 44 is rotatably connected to the second end of the oscillating arm 41. The positioning seat 43 is used to position the sampling tube 90. The positioning pressure plate 44 has a pressing position and a releasing position that are arranged opposite to each other. The second drive assembly 45 is used to drive the positioning pressure plate 44 to rotate to the pressing position or the releasing position. When the positioning pressure plate 44 is in the pressing position, it is used to press the sampling tube 90 against the positioning seat 43. When the positioning pressure plate 44 is in the releasing position, it is used to release the sampling tube 90, thereby releasing the pressing and fixing of the sampling tube 90, so that the sampling tube 90 can be smoothly taken out or put in from the positioning seat 43. The third drive assembly 46 is used to drive the oscillating arm 41 to swing around the oscillation shaft 42.

[0073] In this embodiment, the positioning seat 43 fixed to the second end of the oscillating arm 41 initially positions the sampling tube 90. The positioning plate 44 is rotatably connected to the second end of the oscillating arm 41. The second driving component 45 drives the positioning plate 44 to switch between the pressing position and the releasing position. No manual adjustment of the angle or position of the positioning plate 44 is required, enabling rapid pressing and releasing of the sampling tube 90. Simultaneously, the pre-positioning function of the positioning seat 43 reduces the alignment time of the sampling tube 90, further shortening the positioning cycle and achieving rapid positioning and release. When in the pressing position, the positioning plate 44 firmly presses the sampling tube 90 against the positioning seat 43, preventing the sampling tube 90 from loosening, slipping, or being damaged by collision during high-frequency oscillation. When in the releasing position, the positioning plate 44 releases the sampling tube 90, facilitating the handling of the sampling tube 90 without manual adjustment, reducing labor intensity and ensuring operational consistency. The third drive component 46 drives the oscillating arm 41 to swing around the axis of the oscillating shaft 42, which can drive the sampling tube 90 on the positioning seat 43 to swing back and forth synchronously, thereby applying a continuous force to the mixture, ensuring that the sample to be tested and the organic solvent are fully mixed, and improving the mixing efficiency and effect.

[0074] In one embodiment, the oscillation device 4 also includes two spaced-apart bases 471 with fixed relative positions. For example, the two bases 471 are respectively fixed on the base plate 30. The two ends of the oscillation shaft 42 are rotatably connected to the two bases 471. The two bases 471 can provide stable and symmetrical support for the oscillation shaft 42, ensuring that the oscillating arm 41 swings around the oscillation shaft 42 without deviation and more smoothly.

[0075] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The oscillation device 4 includes two symmetrically arranged oscillation arms 41. The first ends of the two oscillation arms 41 are respectively connected to the oscillation shaft 42, and the second ends of the two oscillation arms 41 are respectively fixed to the opposite ends of the positioning seat 43. The positioning plate 44 is rotatably connected between the second ends of the two oscillation arms 41. This embodiment can enhance the stability of the positioning seat 43 and the force balance during oscillation, while ensuring a more reliable pressing effect of the positioning plate 44 on the sampling tube 90.

[0076] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5The positioning base 43 includes a fixing plate 431 fixed to the second end of the oscillating arm 41, and a first positioning plate 432 and a second positioning plate 433 respectively fixed to the fixing plate 431, wherein the first positioning plate 432 is located above the second positioning plate 433. The first positioning plate 432 defines a first positioning hole 4321, and the second positioning plate 433 defines a second positioning hole 4331. The second positioning hole 4331 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the first positioning hole 4321, and the second positioning hole 4331 is coaxially arranged with the corresponding first positioning hole 4321. The cylindrical part 9012 of the tube body 901 passes through the first positioning hole 4321, and the conical part 9013 is supported in the second positioning hole 4331. The diameter of the second positioning hole 4331 is larger than the lower end diameter of the conical part 9013 and smaller than the upper end diameter of the conical part 9013. In this embodiment, the first positioning plate 432 and the second positioning plate 433 cooperate to achieve dual positioning of the sampling tube 90 from top to bottom, ensuring that the sampling tube 90 is stable and does not shift when oscillating.

[0077] As an example, the first positioning plate 432 defines a plurality of first positioning holes 4321, and the second positioning plate 433 defines a plurality of second positioning holes 4331. For example, the first positioning plate 432 defines four first positioning holes 4321, and the second positioning plate 433 defines four second positioning holes 4331. That is, the oscillation device 4 can be used simultaneously to oscillate four sampling tubes 90.

[0078] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5The positioning pressure plate 44 includes a connecting arm 442, a pressure plate body 443, and two pressure arms 441. The two pressure arms 441 are symmetrically arranged and spaced apart. Each pressure arm 441 includes a first arm segment 4411 and a second arm segment 4412 that extends from one end of the first arm segment 4411. The end of the first arm segment 4411 away from the second arm segment 4412 is rotatably connected to the oscillating swing arm 41. The end of the second arm segment 4412 away from the first arm segment 4411 is fixed to the pressure plate body 443. The connecting arm 442 is connected to the middle of the first arm segment 4411 of the two pressure arms 441. The second drive assembly 45 is a cylinder. The cylinder body of the second drive assembly 45 is connected between the two oscillating swing arms 41, and the extended end of the piston rod of the second drive assembly 45 is rotatably connected to the connecting arm 442. As an example, the pressure plate body 443 has a pressing surface for pressing the sampling tube 90. When in the pressing position, the pressure plate body 443 of the positioning pressure plate 44 is horizontally placed, with the pressing surface of the sampling tube 90 facing downwards. That is, the lower surface of the pressure plate body 443 in the pressing position is the pressing surface of the pressure plate body 443, and the pressing surface of the pressure plate body 443 in the pressing position presses against the upper end face of the cover 902 of the sampling tube 90. When in the released position, the pressure plate body 443 of the positioning pressure plate 44 is vertically placed, with the pressing surface of the pressure plate body 443 located on a vertical surface and no longer on the path of the sampling tube 90 being inserted into the positioning seat 43 or pulled out of the positioning seat 43. The positioning pressure plate 44 in the pressing position can rotate upwards by 90° to reach the release position, and the positioning pressure plate in the release position can rotate downwards by 90° to reach the pressing position.

[0079] In this embodiment, the positioning pressure plate 44 includes two symmetrically spaced pressure arms 441. Each pressure arm 441 includes a bent first arm segment 4411 and a second arm segment 4412. The middle parts of the first arm segments 4411 of the two pressure arms 441 are connected by a connecting arm 442, which makes the installation of the pressure plate body 443 more stable and ensures that the force is evenly distributed when pressing the sampling tube 90, avoiding excessive local pressure that could damage the tube body 901. At the same time, the first arm segment 4411 of the pressure arm 441 is rotatably connected to the oscillating swing arm 41, providing a rotation fulcrum for the positioning pressure plate 44 to switch between pressing and releasing positions, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted position switching process. The cylinder of the second drive assembly 45 is connected between the two oscillating arms 41, and the piston rod extension is rotatably connected to the connecting arm 442. It can drive the two pressure arms 441 to move synchronously by pushing and pulling the connecting arm 442, which further improves the structural stability of the positioning pressure plate 44. The symmetrical driving force makes the pressure plate body 443 bear the force evenly, effectively improving the reliability of the sampling tube 90 clamping and preventing the sampling tube 90 from loosening during the oscillation process.

[0080] As an example, the oscillation device 4 also includes a mounting arm 48 connected between the two oscillation arms 41, and the cylinder of the second drive assembly 45 is rotatably connected to the mounting arm 48.

[0081] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The third drive assembly 46 includes an eccentric shaft 461, an eccentric wheel 462, and a third drive member 463. The axis of the eccentric wheel 462 is fixed relative to the axis of the oscillating shaft 42. The third drive member 463 is used to drive the eccentric wheel 462 to rotate around the axis of the eccentric wheel 462. The eccentric shaft 461 is fixed to the eccentric wheel 462 and is eccentrically set relative to the eccentric wheel 462. An elongated hole 411 is provided on the oscillating arm 41, and the eccentric shaft 461 passes through the elongated hole 411. When the third driving component 463 drives the eccentric wheel 462 to rotate, the eccentric shaft 461 moves in a circular motion around the axis of the eccentric wheel 462. Since the eccentric shaft 461 passes through the elongated hole 411 of the oscillating arm 41, and the oscillating arm 41 can only swing around the oscillating shaft 42 (it cannot make a complete circular motion with the eccentric shaft 461), the circular motion of the eccentric shaft 461 will be converted into a reciprocating thrust on the oscillating arm 41 through the elongated hole 411, thereby driving the oscillating arm 41 to continuously reciprocate around the oscillating shaft 42, and finally completing the oscillation treatment of the mixture in the sampling tube 90.

[0082] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5The third drive assembly 46 includes two eccentric wheels 462, which are coaxially arranged and symmetrically fixed at both ends of the eccentric shaft 461. Each eccentric wheel 462 is coaxially fixed to its corresponding rotation reference shaft 49, which is rotatably connected to two bases 471 via its corresponding fourth bearing. In this embodiment, the two eccentric wheels 462 are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the eccentric shaft 461, which can evenly distribute the force generated by the eccentric shaft 461 during movement to both sides, preventing deformation or displacement of the eccentric shaft 461 due to excessive force on one side, thereby ensuring that the eccentric shaft 461 always maintains a stable movement trajectory. The two rotation reference shafts 49 are connected to the base 471 via the sixth bearing, which reduces frictional resistance during rotation, allowing the eccentric wheel 462 to rotate more smoothly. The base 471 also helps to limit the radial displacement of the eccentric wheel 462, preventing it from wobbling during rotation. This allows the oscillating arm 41 to swing smoothly around the oscillating shaft 42, avoiding any impact on the oscillation effect on the mixture inside the sampling tube 90 due to swing deviation. Furthermore, only one third drive component 463 drives one eccentric wheel 462 to drive the eccentric shaft 461 and the other eccentric wheel 462 to rotate synchronously. This simplifies the drive structure and reduces potential errors from multiple drive components working together, further improving the overall reliability of the third drive assembly 46 and providing support for the long-term stable operation of the oscillation device 4.

[0083] As an example, please refer to Figure 3 The third driving component 463 includes a first synchronous pulley, a second synchronous pulley 4632, a synchronous belt 4631, and a drive motor. The synchronous belt 4631 is connected to both the first and second synchronous pulleys 4632. The drive motor is fixed to the base plate 30 (e.g., to the lower end of the base plate 30). The first synchronous pulley is located at the output end of the motor, and the second synchronous pulley 4632 is coaxially fixed to one of the rotation reference shafts 49. In this embodiment, the first synchronous pulley is located at the output end of the drive motor of the third driving component 463. The synchronous belt 4631 transmits power to the second synchronous pulley 4632, which is coaxially fixed to the rotation reference shaft 49, thus stably transmitting power to drive the eccentric wheel 462 to rotate. Furthermore, the synchronous belt 4631 has high transmission accuracy and low noise.

[0084] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5The oscillation device 4 also includes a reinforcing plate 472 fixed between the two bases 471. The reinforcing plate 472 enhances the structural stability of the two bases 471, thereby enhancing the overall structural stability of the oscillation device 4. As an example, the oscillation device 4 also includes a buffer plate 473 fixed to the reinforcing plate 472, which is correspondingly disposed with the oscillating arm 41. In some examples, the buffer plate 473 can be a rubber plate. When the oscillating arm 41 swings to its limit position or experiences a large impact due to sudden vibration, the buffer plate 473 can absorb the impact energy through the elastic deformation of its material, preventing the oscillating arm 41 from directly colliding with the reinforcing plate 472 and causing wear, thus extending the service life of the oscillating arm 41. Simultaneously, elastic materials such as rubber can effectively reduce the noise generated by the collision, reducing noise pollution during the operation of the oscillation device 4.

[0085] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 12 The centrifuge device 6 includes an inlet 302, an outlet 303, a centrifuge 61, two temporary storage mechanisms 62, and two material handling mechanisms 63. The inlet 302 and outlet 303 pass through the base plate 30 and are spaced apart. The centrifuge 61 is located below the base plate 30, between the inlet 302 and outlet 303, and is used to centrifuge the mixture contained in the sampling tube 90. The two temporary storage mechanisms 62 are an inlet temporary storage mechanism 62a and an outlet temporary storage mechanism 62b, both mounted on the base plate 30. The inlet temporary storage mechanism 62a is located on one side of the inlet 302, and the outlet temporary storage mechanism 62b is located on one side of the outlet 303. The two material handling mechanisms 63 are feeding material handling mechanism 63a and discharging material handling mechanism 63b. Both feeding material handling mechanism 63a and discharging material handling mechanism 63b are set on the base plate 30. Feeding material handling mechanism 63a is set at the feeding port 302, and discharging material handling mechanism 63b is set at the discharging port 303. The feeding temporary storage mechanism 62a is used to store the sampling tube 90 transported to the centrifuge device 6 by the gripping device 1. The feeding temporary storage mechanism 62a is also used to move the sampling tube 90 horizontally to above the feeding port 302. The feeding and picking mechanism 63a is used to place the sampling tube 90 moved to above the feeding port 302 vertically into the centrifuge 61. The discharging and picking mechanism 63b is used to move the sampling tube 90 in the centrifuge 61 vertically to above the discharging port 303. The discharging temporary storage mechanism 62b is also used to receive the sampling tube 90 moved to above the discharging port 303 by the discharging and picking mechanism 63b and store the sampling tube 90. The second transport device 9b is used to drive the second gripping device 1b to move so as to transport the sampling tube 90 from the discharging temporary storage mechanism 62b to the second capping device 2b.

[0086] In this embodiment, since the number of sampling tubes 90 that the gripping device 1 can drop at one time (4 in this embodiment) is different from the number of tubes that the centrifuge 61 can feed at one time (2 in this embodiment), the gripping device 1 cannot be directly used for loading and unloading the centrifuge 61. Instead, the feeding temporary storage mechanism 62a can first receive and temporarily store the sampling tubes 90 transported by the first gripping device 1a, and then move the sampling tubes 90 in batches to the top of the feeding port 302 according to the number of tubes that the centrifuge 61 feeds at one time. Then, the feeding and unloading mechanism 63a sends them into the centrifuge 61, avoiding feeding chaos caused by mismatch in quantity. Similarly, after centrifugation, the number of sampling tubes 90 discharged by the centrifuge 61 in a single operation (2 in this embodiment) differs from the number transported by the second gripping device 1b in a single operation (4 in this embodiment). At this point, the discharge storage mechanism 62b can receive all the sampling tubes 90 taken out of the centrifuge 61 in batches by the discharge and picking mechanism 63b, facilitating the second gripping device 1b to pick them up as needed and preventing the centrifuge 61 from waiting or subsequent processes from stalling due to quantity discrepancies. Furthermore, the inlet 302 and outlet 303 penetrate the base plate 30, and the centrifuge 61 is located below the base plate 30 and between the two. The components are arranged close together, eliminating the need for long-distance conveying structures, reducing the footprint of the centrifuge device 6, and resulting in a more compact layout. The two material handling mechanisms 63 ensure stable transfer of the sampling tube 90 between the temporary storage mechanism 62 and the centrifuge 61. Together with the first gripping device 1a and the second gripping device 1b, they form an effective connection between pre-feeding, quantity adjustment, centrifugation, quantity matching, and subsequent transfer. This improves centrifugation efficiency and solves the process interruption problem caused by quantity mismatch. Furthermore, the material handling mechanism 63 moves the sampling tube 90 vertically only, avoiding trajectory deviation and collision risks caused by horizontal movement. The temporary storage mechanism 62 moves the sampling tube 90 horizontally only, accurately completing batch transfer and quantity allocation. Both mechanisms have simple actions and clear division of labor, improving the stability and accuracy of the sampling tube 90 transfer, simplifying the device control logic, and ensuring efficient connection between the centrifuge device 6 and the preceding and following devices.

[0087] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 12 The inlet 302 and outlet 303 are located on opposite sides of the centrifuge 61. The feeding and unloading mechanism 63a and the unloading mechanism 63b are located above the centrifuge 61 and between the inlet 302 and the outlet 303. The feeding temporary storage mechanism 62a is located on the side of the inlet 302 away from the centrifuge 61, and the unloading temporary storage mechanism 62b is located on the side of the outlet 303 away from the centrifuge 61.

[0088] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figures 16 to 18The material handling mechanism 63 includes a material handling component 631 that can move up and down and hold the sampling tube 90. The material handling component 631 of the feeding material handling mechanism 63a is vertically aligned with the inlet 302, and the material handling component 631 of the discharging material handling mechanism 63b is vertically aligned with the outlet 303. The temporary storage mechanism 62 includes a fixed clamping component 621, a movable clamping component 622, and a translation drive component 623. The fixed clamping component 621 is used to hold or release the sampling tube 90 and is fixed to the base plate 30. The movable clamping component 622 is used to hold or release the sampling tube 90 and is translatably connected above the fixed clamping component 621. The translation drive component 623 can drive the movable clamping component 622 to move horizontally relative to the fixed clamping component 621 to a first position or a second position. The movable clamping component 622 in the first position is located directly above the fixed clamping component 621. In the feeding temporary storage mechanism 62a, a portion of the sampling tube 90, held by the movable clamping assembly 622 in the second position, is located between the feeding port 302 and the picking member 631 of the feeding picking mechanism 63a. The picking member 631 of the feeding picking mechanism 63a is used to place the sampling tube 90 located between the feeding port 302 and the picking member 631 into the centrifuge 61 through the feeding port 302. In the discharging temporary storage mechanism 62b, a portion of the movable clamping assembly 622 in the second position is located between the discharging port 303 and the picking member 631 of the discharging picking mechanism 63b. The picking member 631 of the discharging picking mechanism 63b is used to grab the sampling tube 90 located below the discharging port 303 inside the centrifuge 61 and place the sampling tube 90 onto the movable clamping assembly 622 in the second position.

[0089] During feeding, in the initial state, the movable clamping component 622 of the feeding temporary storage mechanism 62a is in the first position, and both the movable clamping component 622 of the feeding temporary storage mechanism 62a and the fixed clamping component 621 of the discharging temporary storage mechanism 62b are in the released state. The picking component 631 of the feeding picking mechanism 63a is in the first height position. After the first gripping device 1a places the sampling tube 90 onto the feeding temporary storage mechanism 62a, the movable clamping component 622 in the first position switches to the clamping state to hold all the sampling tubes 90 placed by the first gripping device 1a. At this time, the fixed clamping component 621 is still in the released state (i.e., it does not hold the sampling tube 90). Then, the translation drive assembly 623 drives the movable clamping assembly 622, which holds the sampling tube 90, to translate towards the inlet 302 to the second position. When the movable clamping assembly 622 is in the second position, some of the sampling tubes 90 are located between the inlet 302 and the feeding member 631 of the feeding and feeding mechanism 63a. The feeding member 631 moves down to the second height position and grabs the sampling tubes 90 located between the inlet 302 and the feeding member 631 of the feeding and feeding mechanism 63a. The fixed clamping assembly 621 clamps the remaining sampling tubes 90 except for the sampling tubes 90 grabbed by the feeding member 631. Then, the movable clamping assembly 622 releases (i.e., loosens) all the sampling tubes 90. After the movable clamping component 622 releases the sampling tube 90, the picking component 631 grips the sampling tube 90 and rises back to the first height position. When the picking component 631 is at the first height position, there is a certain distance between the sampling tube 90 and the movable clamping component 622 in the vertical direction. Then, the translation drive component 623 drives the movable clamping component 622 to retract to the first position. After the movable clamping component 622 retracts to the first position (at this time, the movable clamping component 622 is in the released state, that is, the movable clamping component 622 does not interfere with the sampling tube 90), the picking component 631 descends again to place the sampling tube 90 onto the centrifuge 61 through the feed port 302. After the material handling component 631 places the sampling tube 90 onto the centrifuge 61, the movable clamping component 622 in the first position clamps (i.e. holds) the sampling tube 90 held by the fixed clamping component 621. After the movable clamping component 622 clamps the sampling tube 90, the fixed clamping component 621 releases all the sampling tubes 90. Then, the translation drive component 623 drives the movable clamping component 622, which holds the sampling tube 90, to move towards the inlet 302 to the second position for the next feeding. This cycle continues until all the sampling tubes 90 temporarily stored on the inlet storage mechanism 62a are placed into the centrifuge 61.

[0090] During unloading, in the initial state, the movable clamping component 622 of the discharge temporary storage mechanism 62b is in the first position, and both the movable clamping component 622 and the fixed clamping component 621 of the discharge temporary storage mechanism 62b are in the released state, while the picking component 631 of the discharge picking mechanism 63b is in the first height position. After the centrifuge 61 stops working, the picking component 631 of the discharge picking mechanism 63b moves downward and grabs the sampling tube 90 located below the discharge port 303 inside the centrifuge 61. After grabbing the sampling tube 90, the picking component 631 of the discharge mechanism rises with the sampling tube 90 to the first height position, and then the translation drive component 623 drives the movable clamping component 622 to move to the second position. After the movable clamping component 622 moves to the second position, the picking component 631 moves downward to the second height position, and the movable clamping component 622 switches to the clamping state to fix the sampling tube 90 grabbed by the picking component 631. After the movable clamping assembly 622 secures the sampling tube 90, the picking member 631 releases (i.e., lifts) the sampling tube 90 and moves upward to the first height position. Then, the translation drive assembly 623 drives the movable clamping assembly 622, which holds the sampling tube 90, to move to the first position. After the movable clamping assembly 622 moves to the first position, the fixed clamping assembly 621 switches to the clamping state to clamp the sampling tube 90 held by the movable clamping assembly 622, and then the movable clamping assembly 622 switches to the release state to release the sampling tube 90. After the movable clamping assembly 622 moves to the first position, the picking member 631 moves downward again and grabs the sampling tube 90 located below the discharge port 303 inside the centrifuge 61. After grabbing the sampling tube 90, the picking member 631 of the discharge mechanism raises the sampling tube 90 to the first height position. After the movable clamping assembly 622 switches to the release state to release the sampling tube 90 and the picking member 631 is at the first height position, the translation drive assembly 623 drives the movable clamping assembly 622 in the release state to move to the second position. After the movable clamping assembly 622 moves to the second position, the picking member 631 moves downward to the second height position, and the movable clamping assembly 622 switches to the clamping state to fix the sampling tube 90 gripped by the picking member 631 and the sampling tube 90 fixed by the fixed clamping assembly 621. After the movable clamping assembly 622 fixes the sampling tube 90, the picking member 631 releases (i.e., releases) the sampling tube 90 and moves upward to the first height position, and the fixed clamping assembly 621 switches to the release state to release the sampling tube 90. Then the translation drive assembly 623 drives the movable clamping assembly 622, which is holding the sampling tube 90, to move to the first position. After the movable clamping component 622 moves to the first position, the fixed clamping component 621 switches to the clamping state to clamp all the sampling tubes 90 held by the movable clamping component 622. Then the movable clamping component 622 switches to the release state to release the sampling tubes 90. This cycle continues until all the sampling tubes 90 in the centrifuge 61 are placed on the discharge temporary storage mechanism 62b.Then the second gripping device 1b grips the sampling tube 90 on the material storage mechanism 62b and moves the sampling tube 90 to the second capping device 2b.

[0091] In this embodiment, the picking component 631 of the picking mechanism 63 can move up and down and can hold the sampling tube 90. Simultaneously, the feeding picking component 631 and the feeding port 302, and the discharging picking component 631 and the discharging port 303 are respectively vertically aligned. This allows the picking component 631 to directly grasp and lift the sampling tube 90 vertically, avoiding the large space occupied by horizontal movement of the picking component 631 and the collision or falling of the sampling tube 90. During feeding, the sampling tube 90 can be accurately fed into the centrifuge 61 through the feeding port 302. During discharging, the sampling tube 90 can be stably grasped at the corresponding discharging port 303 within the centrifuge 61, improving picking efficiency and safety. In the feeding temporary storage mechanism 62a, the movable clamping component 622 in the second position can deliver the sampling tube 90 in batches between the feeding port 302 and the feeding picking component 631, directly engaging the picking action of the picking component 631, avoiding the need for the picking component 631 to adjust its horizontal position additionally. In the discharge temporary storage mechanism 62b, the movable clamping component 622 in the second position can accurately connect with the discharge port 303 and the discharge picking component 631, which makes it convenient for the picking component 631 to place the sampling tubes 90 in the centrifuge 61 directly on it in batches without additional transfer, effectively reducing the risk of damage to the sampling tubes 90 and further improving the overall operational reliability and efficiency of the centrifuge device 6.

[0092] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 18The fixed clamping assembly 621 includes a base plate 6211, a pad plate 6212, a first fixed clamping plate 6213, a first movable clamping plate 6214, and a first clamping drive member 6215. The pad plate 6212 and the first fixed clamping plate 6213 are fixed at intervals to the upper end of the base plate 6211. The first clamping drive member 6215 is fixed to the pad plate 6212. The first movable clamping plate 6214 is fixed to the output end of the first clamping drive member 6215. The first clamping drive member 6215 is used to drive the first movable clamping plate 6214 to move toward or away from the first fixed clamping plate 6213 to hold or release the sampling tube 90. The movable clamping assembly 622 is located above the fixed clamping assembly 621. The movable clamping assembly 622 includes a push plate 6221, a second fixed clamping plate 6222, a second movable clamping plate 6223, and a second clamping drive member 6224. The push plate 6221 is horizontally slidably connected to the pad 6212 in a direction that approaches or moves away from the corresponding material handling mechanism 63. The second fixed clamping plate 6222 is located above the first fixed clamping plate 6213 and is fixedly connected to the push plate 6221. The second clamping drive member 6224 is fixed to the push plate 6221, and the second movable clamping plate 6223 is fixed to the output end of the second clamping drive member 6224. The second clamping drive member 6224 drives the second movable clamping plate 6223 to move in a direction that approaches or moves away from the second fixed clamping plate 6222 to hold or release the sampling tube 90. The output end of the translation drive assembly 623 is fixed to the second fixed clamping plate 6222. As an example, when the sampling tube 90 is fixed on the temporary storage mechanism 62, the bottom plate 6211 can be used to support the sampling tube 90, or the sampling tube 90 and the bottom plate 6211 can have a gap in the vertical direction, which can be set according to the actual situation and is not limited here.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first gripping device 1a has N gripping components 11 (N≥1), and the second gripping device 1b has N gripping components 11. That is, the first gripping device 1a can grip N sampling tubes 90 at a time, and the second gripping device 1b can grip N sampling tubes 90 at a time. The centrifuge 61 includes a turntable 612 that can rotate around its own axis and N receiving seats 613 arranged around the turntable 612. The N receiving seats 613 are evenly spaced around the turntable 612, and each receiving seat 613 can be used to receive two sampling tubes 90. Each feeding mechanism 63 includes two feeding elements 631. Each feeding element 631 is used to grip one sampling tube 90 at a time. The two sampling tubes 90 gripped by each feeding mechanism 63 at a time are placed in the same receiving seat 613. The two sampling tubes 90 gripped by each unfeeding mechanism 63 at a time are two sampling tubes 90 located in the same receiving seat 613. The fixed clamping assembly 621 includes two pads 6212, two first movable clamping plates 6214 (first movable clamping plate 6214a and first movable clamping plate 6214b respectively), and two first clamping drive members 6215 (first clamping drive member 6215a and first clamping drive member 6215b respectively). The first clamping drive members 6215 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the pads 6212, and the first movable clamping plates 6214 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first clamping drive members 6215. The two pads 6212 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the first fixed clamping plate 6213. The first clamping drive member 6215 is fixed on the side of the corresponding pad 6212 away from the other pad 6212. The first movable clamping plate 6214 is fixed to the output end of the corresponding first clamping drive member 6215. Each first movable clamping plate 6214 has N evenly spaced first clamping slots 62141 on the side facing the first fixed clamping plate 6213, and the surface of the first fixed clamping plate 6213 facing the first movable clamping plate 6214 is a vertically arranged plane. The movable clamping assembly 622 includes two push plates 6221, two second movable clamping plates 6223 (respectively, second movable clamping plate 6223a and second movable clamping plate 6223b), and two second clamping drive members 6224 (respectively, second clamping drive member 6224a and second clamping drive member 6224b). The push plates 6221 and the pads 6212 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The two push plates 6221 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the second fixed clamping plate 6222. The second clamping drive members 6224 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the push plates 6221. The second movable clamping plates 6223 and the second clamping drive members 6224 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The second clamping drive member 6224 is fixed to the side of the corresponding push plate 6221 away from the other push plate 6221. The second movable clamping plate 6223 is fixed to the output end of the corresponding second clamping drive member 6224.Each of the second movable clamping plates 6223 has N evenly spaced second clamping slots 62231 on the side facing the second fixed clamping plate 6222. The surface of the second fixed clamping plate 6222 facing the second movable clamping plate 6223 is a vertically oriented plane. When the fixed clamping assembly 621 holds the sampling tube 90, the sampling tube 90 is held between the first clamping slot 62141 and the first fixed clamping plate 6213. When the movable clamping assembly 622 holds the sampling tube 90, the sampling tube 90 is held between the second clamping slot 62231 and the second fixed clamping plate 6222. When the movable clamping assembly 622 is in the first position, the second clamping slots 62231 and the first clamping slots 62141 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, with the second clamping slots 62231 correspondingly located above the first clamping slots 62141. When the movable clamping assembly 622 is in the second position, one of the second clamping slots 62231 (the second clamping slot 62231 closest to the inlet 302 or outlet 303 when the movable clamping assembly 622 is in the first position) is located above the inlet 302 or outlet 303, and the other second clamping slots 62231 are located above the corresponding first clamping slots 62141. There is no second clamping slot 62231 above the first clamping slot 62141 furthest from the inlet 302 or outlet 303.

[0094] As an example, the first gripping device 1a has four gripping components 11, and the second gripping device 1b has four gripping components 11. Each first movable clamping plate 6214 has four evenly spaced first clamping grooves 62141 on the side facing the first fixed clamping plate 6213. Along the direction away from the inlet 302 or outlet 303, the four first clamping grooves 62141 are sequentially named first clamping groove 62141a, first clamping groove 62141b, first clamping groove 62141c, and first clamping groove 62141d. Each of the second movable clamping plates 6223 has four evenly spaced second clamping grooves 62231 on the side facing the second fixed clamping plate 6222. Along the direction away from the inlet 302 or outlet 303, the four second clamping grooves 62231 are sequentially designated as second clamping groove 62231a, second clamping groove 62231b, second clamping groove 62231c, and second clamping groove 62231d. Please refer to... Figure 18When the movable clamping assembly 622 is in the first position, the second clamping groove 62231a is directly above the first clamping groove 62141a, the second clamping groove 62231b is directly above the first clamping groove 62141b, the second clamping groove 62231c is directly above the first clamping groove 62141c, and the second clamping groove 62231d is directly above the first clamping groove 62141d. When the movable clamping assembly 622 is in the second position, the second clamping groove 62231a is directly above the inlet 302 or the outlet 303, the second clamping groove 62231b is directly above the first clamping groove 62141a, the second clamping groove 62231c is directly above the first clamping groove 62141b, and the second clamping groove 62231d is directly above the first clamping groove 62141c.

[0095] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 13 and Figure 17 ( Figure 17 (The base plate 30 is not shown). The centrifugal device 6 also includes a lifting drive mechanism 64, which has an output end that can move in the vertical direction. The feeding and unloading mechanism 63a and the discharging and unloading mechanism 63b are symmetrically fixed to the output end of the lifting drive mechanism 64. As an example, the lifting drive mechanism 64 is disposed on the base plate 30 and located between the feeding port 302 and the discharging port 303.

[0096] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 13 and Figure 17 The lifting drive mechanism 64 includes a lifting drive component 641, a lead screw 642, a lead screw nut 643, a lifting beam 644, and two mounting plates 645. The lifting drive component 641 is fixed above the base plate 30. The lead screw 642 is vertically arranged and fixed to the output end of the lifting drive component 641. The lead screw nut 643 is connected to the outside of the lead screw 642. The two mounting plates 645 are fixed on the base plate 30 and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lead screw 642. The mounting plates 645 have lifting limit holes 6451 extending vertically. The lifting beam 644 is fixed to the lead screw nut 643 as the output end of the lifting drive mechanism 64, and both ends of the lifting beam 644 pass through the lifting limit holes 6451 of the two mounting plates 645 respectively. The feeding and picking mechanism 63a is fixed to one end of the lifting beam 644, and the discharging and picking mechanism 63b is fixed to the other end of the lifting beam 644. The lifting drive component 641 drives the lead screw 642 to rotate, thereby causing the lifting beam 644 to move up and down. In this embodiment, the lifting drive mechanism 64 can stably drive the feeding and unloading mechanisms 63a and 63b to move up and down synchronously, which not only results in a compact structure but also reduces costs. As an example, the lifting drive component 641 is a motor.

[0097] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 17The lifting drive mechanism 64 also includes guide rods 646. Two guide rods 646 are fixed on each mounting plate 645, and the two guide rods 646 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lifting beam 644. The material handling mechanism 63 also includes a mounting base 632, which is fixed to the lifting beam 644 and slidably connected to the two guide rods 646 respectively. The material handling component 631 is fixed to the lower end of the mounting base 632.

[0098] In one implementation, the material-grabbing component 631 is a suction cup connected to a vacuum device, meaning that the material-grabbing component 631 can grasp the sampling tube 90 by adsorption. For example, the material-grabbing component 631 can adsorb the cover 902 of the sampling tube 90.

[0099] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 13 and Figure 17 The centrifuge 61 also includes a rotating shaft 614 and a bracket 615. The bracket 615 is fixed at a distance from the lower end of the base plate 30. The rotating shaft 614 is rotatably mounted on the base plate 30 via a fourth bearing 617 and rotatably mounted on the bracket 615 via a fifth bearing 618. The turntable 612 is fixed on the rotating shaft 614. The centrifuge 61 also includes a rotation drive 616, which drives the rotating shaft 614 to rotate, thereby causing the turntable 612 fixed on the rotating shaft 614 to rotate.

[0100] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 13 and Figure 17 The receiving base 613 includes a fixing ring 6131 rotatably connected to the turntable 612 at both ends and a base bracket 6132 fixed to the lower end of the fixing ring 6131 by a mounting member 6133. The fixing ring 6131 has a first receiving hole, and the cylindrical part 9012 of the tube body 901 passes through the first receiving hole. The base bracket 6132 has a second receiving hole coaxially arranged with the first receiving hole. The diameter of the second receiving hole is larger than the diameter of the lower end of the conical part 9013 and smaller than the diameter of the upper end of the conical part 9013. The conical part 9013 is supported in the second receiving hole.

[0101] As an example, the working principle of the centrifuge device 6 is as follows: In the initial state, the movable clamping component 622 of the feeding temporary storage mechanism 62a is in the first position. The first gripping device 1a first places the four sampling tubes 90a between the four first clamping slots 62141 of the first movable clamping plate 6214a of the feeding temporary storage mechanism 62a and the first fixed clamping plate 6213, and between the four second clamping slots 62231 of the second movable clamping plate 6223a and the second fixed clamping plate 6222. Then, driven by the second clamping drive 6224a, the second movable clamping plate 6223a moves toward the second fixed clamping plate 6222. The second clamping slot 62231 of the second movable clamping plate 6223a cooperates with the second fixed clamping plate 6222 to hold four sampling tubes 90a (the four sampling tubes 90a are sequentially sampling tube 90c, sampling tube 90d, sampling tube 90e, and sampling tube 90f in the direction away from the inlet 302), while the first movable clamping plate 6214a remains in the released state. Then, the first gripping device 1a performs a second loading, placing the other four sampling tubes 90b between the four first clamping slots 62141 of the first movable clamping plate 6214b and the first fixed clamping plate 6213, and between the four second clamping slots 62231 of the second movable clamping plate 6223b and the second fixed clamping plate 6222. Then, driven by the corresponding second clamping drive 6224b, the second movable clamping plate 6223b moves toward the second fixed clamping plate 6222. The second clamping groove 62231 of the second movable clamping plate 6223b cooperates with the second fixed clamping plate 6222 to hold four sampling tubes 90b (the four sampling tubes 90b are sequentially sampling tube 90c, sampling tube 90d, sampling tube 90e, and sampling tube 90f in the direction away from the inlet 302), while the first movable clamping plate 6214b remains in the released state. Thus, the first gripping device 1a completes the placement of eight sampling tubes 90 in two stages, with the two second movable clamping plates 6223 of the movable clamping assembly 622 respectively clamping their respective four sampling tubes 90 with the second fixed clamping plate 6222. Then, the translation drive assembly 623 drives the entire movable clamping assembly 622 to translate toward the inlet 302 until the movable clamping assembly 622 reaches the second position. When the movable clamping assembly 622 is in the second position, the sampling tube 90c held by the second clamping groove 62231a of the second movable clamping plate 6223a and the sampling tube 90c held by the second clamping groove 62231a of the second movable clamping plate 6223b are located directly above the inlet 302 and directly below the two picking members 631 of the feeding and picking mechanism 63a. At this time, the lifting drive 641 drives the feeding and picking member 631 to descend to the second height position, and the two picking members 631 respectively adsorb the cover 902 of the sampling tube 90c and grab the two sampling tubes 90c.When the material grabbing component 631 grabs the sampling tube 90c, the first clamping drive component 6215a drives the first movable clamping plate 6214a to move toward the first fixed clamping plate 6213. The first clamping groove 62141 of the first movable clamping plate 6214a cooperates with the first fixed clamping plate 6213 to hold the other three sampling tubes 90a (excluding the sampling tube 90c) on the second movable clamping plate 6223a. At the same time, the first clamping drive component 6215b drives the first movable clamping plate 6214b to move toward the first fixed clamping plate 6213. The first clamping groove 62141 of the first movable clamping plate 6214b cooperates with the first fixed clamping plate 6213 to hold the other three sampling tubes 90b (excluding the sampling tube 90c) on the second movable clamping plate 6223b. After the first movable clamping plates 6214a and 6214b securely clamp the six sampling tubes 90, the second clamping drive components 6224a and 6224b synchronously drive the second movable clamping plates 6223a and 6223b to switch to the release state, releasing all the sampling tubes 90. The picking component 631 rises back to the first height position, and then the translation drive assembly 623 drives the entire movable clamping assembly 622 to retract to the first position while the second movable clamping plates 6223a and 6223b remain in the release state. After the movable clamping assembly 622 retracts, the lifting drive mechanism 64 drives the lifting beam 644 to descend again, and the two picking components 631 place the two sample tubes 90c they have gripped into the same receiving seat 613 of the centrifuge 61 through the inlet 302. Then the turntable 612 of the centrifuge 61 rotates 90°, aligning the empty receiving seat 613 with the inlet 302. After the initial feeding is completed, the second clamping drive units 6224a and 6224b are activated again, driving the second movable clamping plates 6223a and 6223b to move toward the second fixed clamping plate 6222, respectively holding the remaining three sampling tubes 90a (sampling tubes 90d, 90e, and 90f) on the first movable clamping plate 6214a and the remaining three sampling tubes 90b (sampling tubes 90d, 90e, and 90f) on the first movable clamping plate 6214b. Then, the first clamping drive units 6215a and 6215b drive the first movable clamping plates 6214a and 6214b to move in opposite directions to switch to the release state and release all sampling tubes 90. The translation drive assembly 623 drives the entire movable clamping assembly 622 to translate to the second position again, repeating the above actions of the picking member 631 descending to grab two sampling tubes 90 (sampling tubes 90d), the first movable clamping plates 6214a and 6214b clamping the remaining sampling tubes 90 (sampling tubes 90e and f), the second movable clamping plates 6223a and 6223b releasing all sampling tubes 90, the picking member 631 rising, the movable clamping assembly 622 retracting, and the picking member 631 feeding (sampling tubes 90d), placing these two sampling tubes 90d into the receiving seat 613 of the centrifuge 61 aligned with the picking port.This process is repeated four times (each time two sampling tubes 90 are fed, in the order of two sampling tubes 90c, two sampling tubes 90d, two sampling tubes 90e, and two sampling tubes 90f). After the fourth feeding, all eight sampling tubes 90 are fed into the four receiving seats 613 of the centrifuge 61, and the feeding stage ends. Then, the rotation drive 616 of the centrifuge 61 drives the rotating shaft 614 to drive the turntable 612 to rotate synchronously. The four receiving seats 613 move in a circular motion with the turntable 612 to centrifuge the mixture in the eight sampling tubes 90. After centrifugation, the unloading begins. In the initial state of the unloading stage, the movable clamping component 622 of the discharge temporary storage mechanism 62b is in the first position, and the first movable clamping plate 6214a, the first movable clamping plate 6214b, the second movable clamping plate 6223a, and the second movable clamping plate 6223b are all in the released state. The picking component 631 of the discharge picking mechanism 63b is in the first height position. Then, the lifting drive mechanism 64 drives the lifting beam 644 to descend to the two picking parts 631 of the discharge and picking mechanism 63b, which respectively grab the two sampling tubes 90 of one receiving seat 613 inside the centrifuge 61. Subsequently, the picking parts 631 rise back to the first height position. The translation drive assembly 623 drives the entire movable clamping assembly 622 of the discharge temporary storage mechanism 62b to move to the second position, and the picking parts 631 descend to the second height position. The second clamping drive parts 6224a and 6224b respectively drive the second movable clamping plates 6223a and 6223b to clamp the two sampling tubes 90 (one for each). Then, the material picker 631 releases the sampling tubes 90 and returns to the first height position. The movable clamping assembly 622 retracts to the first position. The first clamping drive members 6215a and 6215b drive the first movable clamping plates 6214a and 6214b to clamp the two sampling tubes 90. Then, the second movable clamping plates 6223a and 6223b release the sampling tubes 90. The turntable 612 of the centrifuge 61 rotates 90°, aligning the receiving seat 613 carrying the sampling tubes 90 with the discharge port 303. Then, the material picker 631 descends again to grab the two sampling tubes 90 from the receiving seat 613. The above process is repeated until all eight sampling tubes 90 that have completed centrifugation are temporarily stored in the discharge temporary storage mechanism 62b (four tubes are each clamped by the first movable clamping plates 6214a and 6214b). Finally, the second gripping device 1b grips the sampling tubes 90 from the discharge temporary storage mechanism 62b in two separate operations (four tubes each time; the first time it grips the four sampling tubes 90 held by the second movable clamping plate 6223a, and the second time it grips the sampling tubes 90 held by the second movable clamping plate 6223b) and is then driven by the second transport device 9b to transfer them to the second capping device 2b.

[0102] In some embodiments, the pipetting device 8 includes a carrier plate 81 and a plurality of sealing plugs 82 fixed to the carrier plate 81. The upper end of the sealing plug 82 is connected to the pipetting mechanism, and the lower end of the sealing plug 82 is sealed and inserted into the pipetting tube 100. When liquid aspiration is required, the pipetting mechanism generates negative pressure and transmits it to the pipetting tube 100 through the sealing plug 82, causing the pipetting tube 100 to aspirate the supernatant from the sampling tube 90. When liquid drainage is required, the pipetting mechanism switches to positive pressure mode and transmits positive pressure to the pipetting tube 100 through the sealing plug 82, pushing the liquid in the pipetting tube 100 to be discharged to the filter device 7. As one embodiment, the carrier plate 81 has a plurality of fixing holes penetrating the carrier plate 81. The fixing holes are threaded holes, and the upper end of the sealing plug 82 has an external thread and is threaded into the fixing hole. As an example, the number of sealing plugs 82 on the carrier plate 81 is the same as the number of tubes 901 held by the second capping device 2b.

[0103] As an example, multiple pipettes 100 are placed on the pipette placement seat 20. The working process of the pipetting device 8 is as follows: the second transport device 9b first drives the pipetting device 8 to move from the second capping device 2b to above the pipettes 100 on the pipette placement seat 20. Then, the second transport device 9b drives the pipetting device 8 to move downward so that the sealing plug 82 is inserted into the corresponding pipette 100, thereby fixing the pipette 100 to the lower end of the sealing plug 82. There is no need for manual insertion and connection of the pipette 100 and the sealing plug 82. Next, the second transport device 9b drives the pipetting device 8 upward to separate the pipette 100 from the pipette holder 20. Then, the second transport device 9b drives the pipetting device 8, which has the pipette 100 fixed, to move to the upper end of the tube body 901 of the sampling tube 90 held by the second capping device 2b. Then, the second transport device 9b drives the pipetting device 8 downward to insert the pipette 100 into the corresponding tube body 901. Then, the pipetting mechanism draws at least a portion of the supernatant in the sampling tube 90 into the pipetting device 100. Then, the second transport device 9b drives the pipetting device 8 to move above the filter device 7, so that the pipette 100 is inserted into the corresponding dropper 200. The pipetting mechanism then discharges the supernatant in the pipette 100 into the corresponding dropper 200. It should be noted that the pipetting mechanism in this application can be based on existing technology and is not limited here.

[0104] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 20The filtration device 7 includes a limiting plate and a dropper 200 detachably inserted into the limiting plate from top to bottom. A pipette 100 can be inserted into the dropper 200 to inject supernatant into it. The dropper 200 is used for filtering the supernatant. The pipetting device 8 also includes a float plate 83 and an elastic connector (not shown). The float plate 83 is disposed at the lower end of the carrier plate 81, and the elastic connector elastically connects the carrier plate 81 and the float plate 83. During the process of the pipette 100 injecting supernatant into the dropper 200, the pipette 100 is partially inserted into the dropper 200, the float plate 83 abuts against the upper end of the dropper 200, and the elastic connector is compressed between the carrier plate 81 and the float plate 83. As an example, the elastic connector can be a compression spring. In this embodiment, the drip tube 200 is detachably inserted into the limiting plate from top to bottom, which allows operators to quickly install, remove, and replace the drip tube 200, effectively improving operational efficiency. Simultaneously, during the liquid injection process, under the action of the elastic connector, the floating plate 83 exerts a continuous and stable downward pressing force on the drip tube 200, pressing the drip tube 200 firmly against the limiting plate, ensuring the stability of the drip tube 200's position, and thus improving filtration stability. After the injection is completed, when the pipette 100 is moved upward to separate from the drip tube 200, the pressing action of the floating plate 83 can fix the drip tube 200, so that the drip tube 200 always remains in a stable state inserted in the limiting plate. This avoids the friction (or liquid surface tension) generated by the contact between the pipette 100 and the inner wall of the drip tube 200, which would cause the drip tube 200 to rise synchronously with the pipette 100 when it is pulled out of the drip tube 200. Thus, while achieving convenient installation and removal of the drip tube 200, it solves the problem that the position of the drip tube 200 may be unreliable and easily lifted during use due to the detachable assembly, thus taking into account both operational convenience and usage stability.

[0105] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 7 The floating plate 83 has clearance holes 831 that correspond one-to-one with the sealing plugs 82. The sealing plugs 82 pass through the clearance holes 831 from top to bottom in a clearance fit state. There is also a gap between the outer surface of the pipette 100 fixed to the lower end of the sealing plug 82 and the wall of the clearance hole 831. Even when the floating plate 83 abuts against the upper end of the drip tube 200 and the elastic connector is compressed between the carrier plate 81 and the floating plate 83, there are still gaps between the outer surface of the sealing plug 82 and the wall of the clearance hole 831, as well as between the outer surface of the pipette 100 fixed to the lower end of the sealing plug 82 and the wall of the clearance hole 831.

[0106] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 7The pipetting device 8 also includes a linear bearing 84 and a limiting post 85. The linear bearing 84 is fixed to the carrier plate 81. The upper end of the limiting post 85 is restricted outside the linear bearing 84. The lower end of the limiting post 85 passes through the linear bearing 84 and is fixed to the floating plate 83. The limiting post 85 can slide up and down within the range restricted by the linear bearing 84. An elastic connector is sleeved outside the limiting post 85. The upper end of the elastic connector abuts against the lower end of the linear bearing 84 or against the lower end of the carrier plate 81, and the lower end of the elastic connector abuts against the upper end of the floating plate 83. As an example, the limiting post 85 includes a smooth rod portion 851, a flange portion 852 protruding from the upper end of the smooth rod portion 851, and a threaded rod portion formed at the lower end of the smooth rod portion 851. The diameter of the flange portion 852 is larger than the diameter of the smooth rod portion 851. The flange portion 852 is restricted outside the linear bearing 84. The smooth rod portion 851 is inserted into the linear bearing 84. The threaded rod portion is threadedly connected to the floating plate 83. The threaded connection depth between the threaded rod portion and the floating plate 83 can be adjusted as needed, thereby adjusting the maximum distance between the carrier plate 81 and the floating plate 83.

[0107] In some embodiments, the limiting plate has an assembly hole into which the drip tube 200 is detachably inserted. As one embodiment, please refer to... Figure 20 The filter device 7 includes two limiting plates, namely a first limiting plate 71 and a second limiting plate 72. The first limiting plate 71 is spaced apart from the lower end of the second limiting plate 72 and is fixed integrally with the second limiting plate 72. The mounting holes of the first limiting plate 71 and the second limiting plate 72 are coaxially arranged. The drip tube 200 is detachably inserted into the mounting holes of the second limiting plate 72 and the first limiting plate 71 from top to bottom. As an example, the upper end of the drip tube 200 has an outwardly folded flange 20011. When the drip tube 200 is inserted into the mounting hole of the second limiting plate 72, the flange 20011 is supported on the upper end of the second limiting plate 72. In this embodiment, when installing the drip tube 200, simply align the drip tube 200 from top to bottom with the mounting holes of the second limiting plate 72 and the first limiting plate 71, inserting it without complex alignment adjustments. The outward-folding flange 20011 at the upper end of the drip tube 200 supports the upper surface of the second limiting plate 72, allowing for quick positioning of the drip tube 200 and ensuring it does not sink or shift during filtration. When replacing the drip tube 200, simply pull it upwards to remove it from the mounting holes of the two limiting plates. Furthermore, during liquid injection, the float plate 83 abuts against the flange 20011, increasing the contact area between the float plate 83 and the drip tube 200, further ensuring a stable downward pressing force from the float plate 83 onto the drip tube 200.

[0108] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 20 The sample pretreatment system also includes a test bottle fixture 40. The test bottle fixture 40 is used to hold the test bottles 300. The test bottle fixture 40 is slidably connected to the base plate 30. The operator can slide the test bottle fixture 40 horizontally to remove the test bottle fixture 40 from the filtrate receiving position below the dropper 200. The test bottle 300 filled with filtrate can be quickly removed and the empty test bottle 300 can be placed in without disassembling other parts, simplifying the test bottle 300 replacement operation. The base plate 30 is also provided with a first limiting seat 304 located on the moving path of the experimental bottle fixture 40. When the experimental bottle fixture 40 moves to abut against the first limiting seat 304, the first limiting seat 304 will form a rigid block on the experimental bottle fixture 40, preventing the experimental bottle fixture 40 from continuing to move in that direction. This forces the experimental bottle 300 to stop at a preset position aligned directly below the dropper 200, ensuring that the filtrate discharged from the dropper 200 can fall accurately into the experimental bottle 300, and preventing the filtrate from spilling due to the deviation of the experimental bottle 300.

[0109] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 20 The experimental bottle fixture 40 has a first adsorption block 401 on the side facing the first limiting seat 304, and the first adsorption block 401 adsorbs and engages with the first limiting seat 304. When the experimental bottle fixture 40 moves close to the first limiting seat 304, the first adsorption block 401 will generate an adsorption force with the first limiting seat 304. This not only guides the first limiting seat 304 to continue moving closer to it, reducing offset errors during the sliding process, but also, when the experimental bottle fixture 40 finally comes into contact with the first limiting seat 304, the adsorption force can also fix the experimental bottle fixture 40 onto the first limiting seat 304, preventing the experimental bottle fixture 40 from shifting during use, ensuring that the experimental bottle 300 is always stably in the preset receiving position, and guaranteeing the accuracy and reliability of filtrate collection. As an example, the base plate 30 is provided with two spaced and parallel first slide rails 305, the bottom of the experimental bottle fixture 40 is provided with a first slider that is slidably connected to the first slide rails 305, and the first adsorption block 401 is disposed between the two first slide rails 305. As an example, the first adsorption block 401 is a magnet, and the first limiting seat 304 is a metal component that can be adsorbed by a magnet.

[0110] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 20The filtration device 7 also includes two support seats 73 mounted on both sides of the experimental bottle fixture 40, and two second slide rails 74 fixed to the support seats 73 respectively. The two second slide rails 74 are arranged in parallel. The bottom of the first limiting plate 71 is provided with a second slider that is slidably connected to the second slide rail 74. When it is necessary to replace the dropper 200, simply pull the first limiting plate 71 or the second limiting plate 72 so that the first limiting plate 71 and the second limiting plate 72 drive the dropper 200 to slide horizontally away from above the experimental bottle 300. This allows for quick disassembly of the old dropper 200 and installation of the new dropper 200 in an open space, making the operation convenient. The filtration device 7 also includes a second limiting seat 75 fixedly connected between the two support seats 73 and located on the moving path of the first limiting plate 71. The side of the first limiting plate 71 facing the second limiting seat 75 has a second adsorption block 711, which adsorbs and engages with the second limiting seat 75. When the first limiting plate 71 moves to the point where the second adsorption block 711 abuts against the second limiting seat 75, the second limiting seat 75 forms a rigid block against the first limiting plate 71, preventing the first limiting plate 71 from moving further in that direction. This forces the drip tube 200 to stop at a preset position aligned directly above the experimental bottle 300, ensuring that the filtrate discharged from the drip tube 200 falls accurately into the experimental bottle 300. For example, the second adsorption block 711 is a magnet, and the second limiting seat 75 is a metal component that can be attracted by a magnet.

[0111] As an example, please refer to Figure 20 The dropper 200 may include a syringe 2001 and a filter tip 2002 detachably disposed at the lower end of the syringe 2001. The syringe 2001 may also contain filter media as needed, such as ultrafine filter cotton, a hydrophilic filter membrane, or adsorption resin. This allows the supernatant to undergo preliminary purification by the filter media as it flows through the syringe 2001, followed by secondary filtration through the lower filter tip 2002, forming a dual filtration system. This effectively removes minute impurities, particles, or specific contaminants from the supernatant, providing a purer filtrate for subsequent experiments. It should be noted that the filter media and filter tip inside the syringe can be existing technologies and can be configured according to actual conditions; details will not be elaborated here.

[0112] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 12 and Figure 21The sample pretreatment system also includes a waste chute 60 and a stripping device 70. The stripping device 70 is used to strip the pipette 100 inserted at the lower end of the pipette 8. Specifically, the stripping device 70 is used to remove the pipette 100 inserted at the lower end of the sealing plug 82 of the pipette 8. After being separated from the sealing plug 82, the pipette 100 falls into the waste chute 60 under the action of gravity. The unloading device 70 includes a lower plate 701 mounted above the waste chute 60, a cover plate 702 located at the upper end of the lower plate 701, and an elastic unloading plate 703 fixed between the lower plate 701 and the cover plate 702. The lower plate 701 has a first through hole 7011, the cover plate 702 has a second through hole 7021 coaxially arranged with the first through hole 7011, and the unloading plate 703 has a third through hole 7031 coaxially arranged with the first through hole 7011. The diameter of the hole 7021 is slightly larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the pipette 100. The diameter of the second through hole 7021 is larger than the diameter of the third through hole 7031. The diameter of the second through hole 7021 is smaller than the diameter of the first through hole 7011. The diameter of the third through hole 7031 is smaller than the outer diameter of the pipette 100. Multiple groove structures 7032 are evenly spaced on the wall of the third through hole 7031, arranged around the axis of the third through hole 7031, and penetrating the stripper plate 703. In one embodiment, the stripper plate 703 is a polyurethane sheet.

[0113] In this embodiment, since the diameter of the first through hole 7011 of the lower plate 701 located below the stripping plate 703 is relatively large, there is no squeezing constraint on the area around the third through hole 7031 of the stripping plate 703. Therefore, when the pipette 100 passes through the third through hole 7031, the stripping plate 703 can deform downward (to one side of the lower plate 701) by its own elasticity, so that the pipette 100 can pass through the stripping plate 703. After the pipette 100 completes the liquid aspiration and dispensing, the second conveying device 9b drives the pipetting device 8 to move, so that the pipette 100 passes through the second through hole 7021 of the cover plate 702, the third through hole 7031 of the stripping plate 703, and the first through hole 7011 of the lower plate 701 from top to bottom, until the upper end face of the pipette 100 is completely below the third through hole 7031. Then, the second conveying device 9b drives the pipetting device 8 to move upward. Because the diameter of the second through hole 7021 of the cover plate 702 clamped above the stripping plate 703 is small (slightly larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the pipette 100), it limits the area around the third through hole 7031 of the stripping plate 703 below, restricting the upward deformation space of the stripping plate 703. Therefore, the stripping plate 703 cannot deform sufficiently to the side of the cover plate 702 to accommodate the pipette 100 passing through from bottom to top. This causes the upper end of the pipette 100 to directly abut against the periphery of the third through hole 7031 at the lower end of the discharge plate 703, preventing it from moving upwards with the sealing plug 82. Consequently, the pipette 100, which was inserted together, completely separates from the sealing plug 82. Without the support of the sealing plug 82, the pipette 100 falls into the waste chute 60 below under its own gravity, achieving collection of the pipette 100 and preventing waste from scattering, thus improving the efficiency and safety of waste disposal. Removing the pipette does not require manual contact with the pipette 100, reducing manual operation steps and avoiding problems such as pipette breakage, liquid residue contamination of hands or the experimental environment that may occur during manual operation. It also ensures that the separation process of each pipette 100 maintains a consistent force and rhythm, reducing the impact of human error on the stability of equipment operation and further improving the automation level and safety of the device. As an example, during the unloading process, the elastic connector is compressed between the carrier plate 81 and the floating plate 83. The floating plate 83 abuts against the upper end of the cover plate 702. The compression force of the elastic connector makes the floating plate 83 form a stable pressure on the cover plate 702, which avoids the cover plate 702 from accidentally shifting or loosening during the unloading process, thus affecting the unloading effect and improving the stability and reliability of the unloading of the pipette 100.

[0114] In one embodiment, the lower plate 701 has a plurality of evenly spaced first through holes 7011. The number of first through holes 7011 is equal to the number of sealing plugs 82 of the pipetting device 8, the number of gripping components 11 of the second gripping device 1b, and the number of support components 22 of the second capping device 2b. Accordingly, please refer to Figure 21The cover plate 702 has multiple second through holes 7021, and the stripper plate 703 has multiple third through holes 7031. The second through holes 7021 are set to correspond one-to-one with the first through holes 7011, and the third through holes 7031 are set to correspond one-to-one with the first through holes 7011.

[0115] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15 The groove structure 7032 includes two groove walls 70321 and a groove bottom 70322. One end of the groove wall 70321 is connected to the wall of the third through hole 7031, and the other end of the groove wall 70321 is connected to the groove bottom 70322. The distance between the two groove walls 70321 gradually decreases along the direction away from the wall of the third through hole 7031. This provides expansion and contraction space for the stripper plate 703 to deform downwards (to one side of the lower plate 701) as the pipette 100 passes through, while also preventing excessive deformation that could decrease the stability of the stripper plate 703 due to the gradually decreasing spacing between the groove walls 70321. As an example, the groove bottom 70322 of the groove structure 7032 is located on a first cylindrical surface, which is coaxially arranged with the first through hole 7011. In some examples, the diameter of the first cylindrical surface is equal to the diameter of the first through hole 7011, which ensures that the groove structure 7032 is subjected to uniform force when the stripper plate 703 deforms, avoids local stress concentration that could lead to damage to the stripper plate, and further improves the stability of the stripping process and the service life of the stripper plate.

[0116] As one implementation method, please refer to Figure 14 The cover plate 702 also has a guide frustum 7022 formed on the upper end of the second through hole 7021. The upper end of the guide frustum 7022 is connected to the upper end face of the cover plate 702, and the lower end of the guide frustum 7022 is connected to the hole wall of the second through hole 7021. The diameter of the guide frustum 7022 gradually decreases from top to bottom, which facilitates the insertion of the pipette 100 into the second through hole 7021.

[0117] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 21 The base plate 30 is also provided with a waste passage hole 306, the waste slide 60 is fixed to the lower end of the base plate 30 and connected to the waste passage hole 306, and the unloading device 70 is fixed to the upper end of the base plate 30.

[0118] In some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 19 and Figure 21The waste chute 60 defines an upper and lower open cavity. A partition 80 is also provided within the waste chute 60, dividing the cavity into a first chute cavity 601 and a second chute cavity 602. A discharge device 70 is mounted above the first chute cavity 601. The first chute cavity 601 guides the pipette 100 into the first waste collection device. The second chute cavity 602 guides the first waste (such as a used, discarded sampling tube 90) into the second waste collection device. This embodiment enables the separate guidance and collection of two types of waste: the pipette 100 and the sampling tube 90. This avoids mixing different wastes, preventing inconvenience in subsequent processing or cross-contamination, and improves the efficiency of waste recovery after sample pretreatment.

[0119] As an example, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 19 and Figure 21 The inlet 6011 of the first slide cavity 601 and the inlet 6021 of the second slide cavity 602 are located on the same horizontal plane, while the outlet 6012 of the first slide cavity 601 and the outlet 6022 of the second slide cavity 602 are located on different planes. This design allows for the centralized collection of two types of waste at the top of the waste slide 60, saving lateral space. Furthermore, the different outlet orientations allow for adaptation to different installation positions of the first and second waste collection devices, improving the flexibility of the waste collection device layout and preventing congestion at the outlets. For example, the outlet 6012 of the first slide cavity 601 can be located on a vertical plane, while the outlet 6022 of the second slide cavity 602 can be positioned downwards.

[0120] In one implementation, the outer diameter of the pipette 100 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The diameter of the second through hole 7021 is slightly larger than or equal to the maximum outer diameter of the pipette 100, the diameter of the third through hole 7031 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the pipette 100, and the diameter of the third through hole 7031 is larger than the minimum outer diameter of the pipette 100. As an example, after centrifugation, the workflow of the sample pretreatment system is as follows: the second transport device 9b drives the second gripping device 1b to move to the discharge temporary storage mechanism 62b to hold the cap 902 of the sampling tube 90, and then drives the second gripping device 1b holding the sampling tube 90 to move, placing the sampling tube 90 on the second capping device 2b. The second gripping device 1b holds the cap 902 in place. The second capping device 2b clamps the tube body 901 of the sampling tube 90 and rotates it. Simultaneously, the second transport device 9b drives the second gripping device 1b to move the cap 902 upwards, causing the cap 902 to unscrew and separate from the tube body 901, while the cap 902 remains held in place by the second gripping device 1b. After opening, the second transport device 9b first drives the pipetting device 8 to the pipette placement seat 20 to retrieve the pipette 100 (the sealing plug 82 is sealed and inserted into the pipette 100), then drives the pipetting device 8, which holds the pipette 100, to move above the second capping device 2b, allowing the pipette 100 to be inserted into the tube body 901 of the sampling tube 90. The pipetting mechanism transmits negative pressure through the sealing plug 82, drawing at least a portion of the supernatant from the tube body 901 into the pipette 100. After the supernatant is aspirated, the second transport device 9b drives the pipetting device 8, which holds the pipette 100, to move above the filter device 7, so that the pipette 100 is inserted into the dropper 200 of the filter device 7. The pipetting mechanism switches to positive pressure mode, and the supernatant in the pipette 100 is injected into the dropper 200 through the sealing plug 82. After the supernatant is filtered by the dropper 200, it forms filtrate and falls into the experimental bottle 300 on the experimental bottle fixture 40 below. After the supernatant is injected, the second transport device 9b drives the pipetting device 8 to move to the unloading device 70, so that the pipette 100 passes through the second through hole 7021 of the cover plate 702, the third through hole 7031 of the unloading plate 703, and the first through hole 7011 of the lower plate 701 of the unloading device 70 from top to bottom, until the upper end face of the pipette 100 is completely below the third through hole 7031. Subsequently, the second conveying device 9b drives the pipetting device 8 to move upward. Due to the restriction of the release plate 703 by the cover plate 702, the pipetting tube 100 is blocked below the release plate 703 and separates from the sealing plug 82. After separation, the pipetting tube 100 falls into the first waste collection device through the first slide cavity 601 under the action of gravity.During this process, the second gripping device 1b holds the cap 902 in place. After the pipette 100 separates from the sealing plug 82, the second transport device 9b drives the second gripping device 1b to move, aligning the cap 902 with the opening of the tube body 901 of the sampling tube 90. The second capping device 2b rotates the tube body 901 while the second gripping device 1b grips the cap 902 and moves it downwards, screwing the cap 902 onto the tube body 901. After screwing, the second capping device 2b releases the tube body 901, and the second transport device 9b drives the second gripping device 1b, which holds the sampling tube 90, to move above the second slide cavity 602. Then, the second gripping device 1b switches to the release state, releasing the sampling tube 90. Under the influence of gravity, the sampling tube 90 falls through the second slide cavity 602 into the second waste collection device, completing the disposal of the sampling tube 90.

[0121] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 12 , Figure 19 and Figure 20 The filtration device in this application embodiment includes a filtration device 7 and a pipetting device 8. The filtration device 7 includes a limiting plate and a dripping tube 200. The dripping tube 200 is detachably inserted into the limiting plate from top to bottom. The dripping tube 200 is used to filter the supernatant to obtain filtrate. The pipetting device 8 includes a carrier plate 81, a floating plate 83, an elastic connector, and a sealing plug 82. The floating plate 83 is disposed at the lower end of the carrier plate 81. The elastic connector elastically connects the carrier plate 81 and the floating plate 83. The sealing plug 82 is fixed to the carrier plate 81, and the upper end of the sealing plug 82 is connected to the pipetting mechanism. The lower end of the sealing plug 82 is inserted into a pipetting tube 100. The pipetting mechanism is used to drive the pipetting tube 100 to draw supernatant. The pipetting mechanism is also used to drive the pipetting tube 100 to inject supernatant into the dropper tube 200. During the process of the pipetting tube 100 injecting supernatant into the dropper tube 200, the pipetting tube 100 is inserted into the dropper tube 200, the floating plate 83 abuts against the upper end of the dropper tube 200, and the elastic connector is compressed between the carrier plate 81 and the floating plate 83.

[0122] In this embodiment, the drip tube 200 is detachably inserted into the limiting plate from top to bottom, allowing for quick installation, removal, and replacement of the drip tube 200 without complicated disassembly steps, thus improving operational convenience. Furthermore, the floating plate 83 of the pipetting device 8 abuts against the upper end of the drip tube 200 during liquid injection, forming a stable downward pressure with the compressed elastic connector. This firmly secures the drip tube 200, preventing it from shifting or detaching with the pipetting tube 100 during insertion or removal, and ensuring the stability of the drip tube 200's position during liquid injection, thereby improving filtration stability.

[0123] In addition to the filtration device 7 and the pipetting device 8, the filtration equipment may also include a test bottle fixture 40, a conveying device 9, a gripping device 1, a capping device 2, a waste chute 60, and a discharge device 70. For details on the specific structure, operation, and technical effects of the filtration device 7, pipetting device 8, test bottle fixture 40, conveying device 9, gripping device 1, capping device 2, waste chute 60, and discharge device 70 in the filtration equipment of this application, please refer to the description of the sample pretreatment system in the embodiments of this application, which will not be repeated here.

[0124] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0125] The above embodiments merely illustrate preferred implementations of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A filtration device, characterized in that, include: A filtration device includes a limiting plate and a drip tube. The drip tube is detachably inserted into the limiting plate from top to bottom. The drip tube is used to filter the supernatant to obtain filtrate. and A pipetting device includes a carrier plate, a float plate, an elastic connector, and a sealing plug. The float plate is disposed at the lower end of the carrier plate. The elastic connector elastically connects the carrier plate and the float plate. The sealing plug is fixed to the carrier plate, and its upper end is connected to a pipetting mechanism. A pipette is inserted into the lower end of the sealing plug. The float plate has clearance holes corresponding to the sealing plugs. The sealing plugs pass through the clearance holes from top to bottom in a clearance fit. There is a gap between the outer surface of the pipette fixed at the lower end of the sealing plug and the wall of the clearance hole. The pipetting mechanism is used to drive the pipette to aspirate the supernatant and also to drive the pipette to inject the supernatant. During the process of injecting the supernatant into the dropper, the pipette is inserted into the dropper, the float plate abuts against the upper end of the dropper, and the elastic connector is compressed between the carrier plate and the float plate. When the pipette is pulled out of the dropper, the float plate abutting against the upper end of the dropper prevents the dropper from rising with the pipette. When the float plate abuts against the upper end of the dropper and the elastic connector is compressed between the carrier plate and the float plate, there are still gaps between the outer surface of the sealing plug and the wall of the clearance hole, as well as between the outer surface of the pipette fixed to the lower end of the sealing plug and the wall of the clearance hole.

2. The filtration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pipetting device further includes a limiting post, which is movable up and down through the carrier plate. The upper end of the limiting post is restricted to the upper end of the carrier plate, and the lower end of the limiting post is fixed to the floating plate. The elastic connector is sleeved on the limiting post and abuts between the carrier plate and the floating plate.

3. The filtration device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pipetting device also includes a linear bearing, which is fixed to the carrier plate. The upper end of the limiting post is restricted outside the linear bearing. The limiting post is movably inserted through the linear bearing. The upper end of the elastic connector abuts against the lower end of the linear bearing or against the lower end of the carrier plate.

4. The filtration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration device includes two limiting plates, namely a first limiting plate and a second limiting plate. The first limiting plate is fixed at a distance from the lower end of the second limiting plate. The first limiting plate and the second limiting plate are provided with coaxially arranged assembly holes. The drip tube is detachably inserted into the assembly holes of the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate. The upper end of the drip tube has an outwardly folded flange. When the drip tube is inserted into the assembly hole of the second limiting plate, the flange is supported on the upper end of the second limiting plate.

5. The filtration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration device also includes a test bottle fixture, which is used to support the test bottle and receive the filtrate.

6. The filtration device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The experimental bottle fixture is horizontally slidably connected to a base plate. A first limiting seat is provided on the base plate along the moving path of the experimental bottle fixture. A first adsorption block is located on the side of the experimental bottle fixture facing the first limiting seat, and the first adsorption block adsorbs and engages with the first limiting seat; and / or, The filtration device further includes two support seats mounted on both sides of the experimental bottle fixture. The limiting plate is horizontally slidably connected to the two support seats. The filtration device further includes a second limiting seat fixedly connected between the two support seats and located on the moving path of the limiting plate. The side of the limiting plate facing the second limiting seat has a second adsorption block, and the second adsorption block adsorbs and cooperates with the second limiting seat.

7. The filtration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration device also includes a transport device, wherein the pipetting device is fixed to the output end of the transport device, and the transport device is used to drive the pipetting device to move.

8. The filtration device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The filtration device also includes: A gripping device, fixed to the output end of the conveying device, is used to hold the cap of the sampling tube; and A capping device is used to hold the tube body of the sampling tube, the tube body containing the supernatant, and the capping device is also used to hold the tube body to rotate when the gripping device holds the cap. The transport device is further configured to drive the gripping device holding the cap to move so that the cap is unscrewed or screwed onto the tube body when the capping device holds the tube body in rotation; the transport device is also configured to drive the pipetting device to move so that the pipette is inserted into the tube body held by the capping device, and the transport device is further configured to drive the pipetting device to move so that the pipette is inserted into the dropper.

9. The filtration device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The pipette is detachably inserted outside the lower end of the sealing plug; The filtration device also includes: Waste chute; and A material removal device is used to remove material from the pipette inserted at the lower end of the sealing plug so that the pipette can fall into the waste chute under the action of gravity; The transport device for driving the pipetting device to move also includes driving the pipetting device to move so that the pipette is inserted into the descrambling device to perform the descrambling process.

10. A sample pretreatment system, characterized in that, Includes the filtration device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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