Gangue multi-stage activation device based on size grading

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal gangue activation, and particularly discloses a coal gangue multi-stage activation device based on size classification, which comprises a base, a hammer crusher, a ball mill and a vertical activation furnace are sequentially arranged at the top of the base, a feed port is formed in the top end of the hammer crusher, and a circular collection box and a fixing frame are mounted on the outer wall of the feed port; and a cleaning mechanism used for automatically scraping and cleaning soil attached to the inner wall of the feeding port and an auxiliary crushing mechanism used for treating large coal gangue blocks in the circular collecting box are arranged in the fixing frame. According to the device, when it is found that soil is attached to the inner wall of the feeding port, related parts of the cleaning mechanism can be used for driving a scraping plate to scrape and clean the soil attached to the inner wall of the feeding port, the soil enters the hammer crusher along with coal gangue main materials, and the influence of the soil on the feeding port is reduced; and it is ensured that the crushing efficiency of the hammer crusher on the coal gangue is not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal gangue activation technology, specifically to a multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue is a solid waste generated during coal mining and washing. It is a dark gray rock with a low carbon content and harder than coal, which is associated with coal seams during coal formation. It includes gangue from tunnel excavation, gangue extracted from the roof, floor, and interlayers during mining, and gangue from coal washing. By processing coal gangue of different particle sizes in stages, and combining physical, chemical, or thermal methods to enhance its reactivity through crushing and activation, coal gangue can be used to produce lightweight aggregates for gangue cement and concrete, refractory bricks, and other building materials. Furthermore, it can be used for coal recovery, coal and gangue co-firing for power generation, production of chemical products such as crystalline aluminum chloride and water glass, extraction of precious and rare metals, and as fertilizer.

[0003] In existing technologies, before performing multi-stage activation treatment on coal gangue, it is usually necessary to crush it into different particle sizes to facilitate the design of multi-step, differentiated activation processes based on the differences in the physicochemical properties of different components in the coal gangue. During the crushing process, some coal gangue has a lot of soil adhering to its surface. When it is fed into the crusher, the soil adheres to the inner wall of the crusher's inlet, reducing the diameter of the inlet. This makes it easy for subsequent coal gangue entering the crusher to become clogged, thereby reducing the crushing efficiency of the crusher and hindering the subsequent staged activation processing of the coal gangue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification includes a base. A hammer crusher, a ball mill, and a vertical activation furnace are sequentially arranged on the top of the base. The top of the hammer crusher is provided with a feed inlet. A circular collection box and a fixing frame are installed on the outer wall of the feed inlet. The fixing frame is provided with a cleaning mechanism for automatically scraping and cleaning the soil adhering to the inner wall of the feed inlet and an auxiliary crushing mechanism for processing large pieces of coal gangue inside the circular collection box.

[0007] Optionally, a first conveyor belt and a second conveyor belt are installed on the top of the base. The bottom ends of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are located at the bottom ends of the hammer crusher and the ball mill, respectively, and the top ends of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are located at the top inlet of the ball mill and the top of the vertical activation furnace, respectively.

[0008] Optionally, the cleaning mechanism includes two vertical rods installed on the top of the fixed frame. The outer wall of the two vertical rods that are close to each other is provided with a sliding groove. A slider is installed inside the two sliding grooves. A moving block is installed at the end of the two sliders away from the sliding groove. A first motor is preset inside the moving block. The output end of the first motor passes through the fixed frame and is connected to a round rod.

[0009] Optionally, a tapered filter frame is installed at the bottom end of the round rod, and a scraper is connected to the top end of the filter frame through multiple elastic elements.

[0010] Optionally, a fixed seat is installed on the outer wall of the round rod, and rotating blocks are rotatably installed at both ends of the fixed seat. An electric telescopic rod is rotatably installed at the end of each of the two rotating blocks away from the fixed seat, and an installation block is installed at the telescopic end of each of the two electric telescopic rods.

[0011] Optionally, brushes are installed on the outer walls of the two mounting blocks on opposite sides, and a first electromagnet is installed inside each of the two mounting blocks.

[0012] Optionally, the auxiliary crushing mechanism includes grooves opened on the inner walls of both sides of the fixed frame, with lead screws rotatably installed inside each of the two grooves, and two second motors with output ends connected to the tops of the two lead screws installed at the top of the fixed frame.

[0013] Optionally, both lead screws have a movable part threaded onto their outer walls, and a second electromagnet is installed at the bottom of each movable part. A circular plate is provided inside the circular collection box, and the two second electromagnets are magnetically attracted and fixed to the circular plate after being energized.

[0014] Optionally, two protrusions are installed at the top of the circular plate, and a wear-resistant layer is provided at the bottom of the circular plate.

[0015] Optionally, the bottom of the circular collecting box is provided with a discharge port, and a discharge pipe is installed at the bottom of the discharge port. The bottom of the discharge pipe is located directly above the first conveyor belt. A sealing plate is slidably installed inside the discharge port. Two connecting rods are installed on one outer wall of the sealing plate. Two electric push rods are installed on the outer wall of the circular collecting box. The telescopic ends of the two electric push rods are connected to the connecting rods that are close to them.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] 1. In this invention, when it is found that the inner wall of the feed inlet is covered with mud, the relevant components of the cleaning mechanism can be used to drive the scraper to scrape and clean the mud on the inner wall of the feed inlet, so that it enters the interior of the hammer crusher along with the main coal gangue material, thereby reducing its impact on the feed inlet and ensuring that the crushing efficiency of the hammer crusher on coal gangue is not affected.

[0018] 2. In this invention, after the large-volume coal gangue enters the interior of the circular collection box, the auxiliary crushing mechanism can drive the circular plate to move downwards together, which has the effect of squeezing and crushing the coal gangue inside the circular collection box, so as to initially crush this part of the large-volume coal gangue.

[0019] 3. In this invention, by means of the cooperation between the cleaning mechanism and the auxiliary crushing mechanism, the wear-resistant layer set at the bottom of the circular plate can be driven to perform secondary crushing of the coal gangue that has been initially crushed inside the circular collection box, so as to better grind the coal gangue to the specified particle size.

[0020] 4. In this invention, after filtering and temporarily storing large-volume coal gangue using a filter frame, there is no need to perform auxiliary crushing. First, the second electromagnets at the bottom of the two moving parts can be magnetically attracted and fixed to the circular plate to ensure that the circular plate is located inside the circular collection box and is flush with the top of the circular collection box. After the filter frame discharges the coal gangue upwards, the coal gangue can fall onto the top of the circular plate. As the amount of coal gangue discharged outwards increases, the coal gangue on the top of the circular plate can fall downwards and be discharged, achieving the effect of automatically removing large-volume coal gangue. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification proposed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the feed inlet structure in this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two brushes in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lead screw and moving part in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the two second electromagnets are magnetically fixed to the circular plate in this invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the circular collection box and discharge pipe in this invention;

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure when the central sealing plate is open;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which two mounting blocks and two protrusions are used in conjunction in this invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Hammer crusher; 3. Feed inlet; 4. First conveyor belt; 5. Ball mill; 6. Inlet; 7. Second conveyor belt; 8. Vertical activation furnace; 9. Circular collection box; 10. Fixed frame; 11. Vertical rod; 12. Discharge pipe; 13. Circular plate; 14. Circular rod; 15. Moving block; 16. Second motor; 17. Moving part; 18. Slide groove; 19. Groove; 20. Sliding block; 21. Filter frame; 22. Elastic element; 23. Scraper; 24. Fixed seat; 25. Rotating block; 26. Electric telescopic rod; 27. Mounting block; 28. First electromagnet; 29. ​​Brush; 30. Lead screw; 31. Second electromagnet; 32. Wear-resistant layer; 33. Protrusion; 34. Sealing plate; 35. Connecting rod; 36. Electric push rod; 37. Discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Reference Figures 1-10 A multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification includes a base 1. A hammer crusher 2, a ball mill 5, and a vertical activation furnace 8 are sequentially arranged on the top of the base 1. A feed inlet 3 is provided at the top of the hammer crusher 2. A circular collection box 9 and a fixing frame 10 are installed on the outer wall of the feed inlet 3. The fixing frame 10 is equipped with a cleaning mechanism for automatically scraping and cleaning the soil attached to the inner wall of the feed inlet 3 and an auxiliary crushing mechanism for processing large pieces of coal gangue inside the circular collection box 9.

[0035] As a technical optimization of the present invention, a first conveyor belt 4 and a second conveyor belt 7 are installed on the top of the base 1. The bottom ends of the first conveyor belt 4 and the second conveyor belt 7 are located at the bottom ends of the hammer crusher 2 and the ball mill 5, respectively, and the top ends of the first conveyor belt 4 and the second conveyor belt 7 are located at the top inlet 6 of the ball mill 5 and the top of the vertical activation furnace 8, respectively. The segmented activation treatment of coal gangue follows the process logic of pretreatment → directional activation → deep purification. The functions of the equipment at each stage need to be precisely matched with the core objectives of impurity removal, modification, and refining, and the equipment needs to meet the requirements of continuous material transmission and parameter coordination. The core of the pretreatment stage is to remove moisture and inert impurities and crush the coal gangue to a uniform particle size to provide qualified raw materials for subsequent activation. The stockpiled coal gangue is transported to the inside of the hammer crusher 2 using a pre-set raw material conveying device. The hammer crusher 2 crushes the large pieces of coal gangue to a uniform particle size. The coal gangue with a particle size ≤500mm is then conveyed to the ball mill 5 via the first conveyor belt 4. The ball mill 5 can further crush the coarse material to 0.1-1mm. Then, the unqualified large particles, magnetic impurities in the coal gangue, and free water in the raw material are separated by the preset screening equipment, magnetic separation equipment, and drying equipment. The processed coal gangue particles are then conveyed to the vertical activation furnace 8 via the second conveyor belt 7 for activation treatment.

[0036] For low-temperature carbonization of coal gangue, the vertical activation furnace 8 can be used to heat the coal gangue at 500-600℃ in an inert atmosphere for 1-2 hours, allowing the volatiles in the carbon to be released slowly, forming a preliminary porous structure, while preventing excessive combustion and loss of carbon. For deep activation of coal gangue to prepare activated carbon adsorbent, physical activation can be used, i.e., the vertical activation furnace 8 can be used at 800-900℃ in a CO2 or water vapor atmosphere for 2-3 hours, increasing the specific surface area to 800-1500 m². 2 / g, which can be used for wastewater treatment and flue gas desulfurization. For the preparation of clean fuel, the vertical activation furnace 8 performs mild activation at 600-700℃ in a weak oxidizing atmosphere, removing sulfur and ash from the carbonaceous material and increasing the calorific value to 20-25 MJ / kg, making it suitable as boiler fuel to replace part of the raw coal. This allows the vertical activation furnace 8 to design multi-step, differentiated activation processes based on the physicochemical properties of different components in the coal gangue, achieving a balance between low energy consumption, high selectivity, and high product value.

[0037] As an optimized technical solution of the present invention, the cleaning mechanism includes two vertical rods 11 mounted on the top of the fixed frame 10. Each of the two vertical rods 11 has a groove 18 on its outer wall on the side closest to each other. A slider 20 is installed inside each of the two grooves 18. A moving block 15 is installed at the end of each slider 20 away from the groove 18. A first motor is pre-installed inside the moving block 15, and the output end of the first motor passes through the fixed frame 10 and is connected to a round rod 14. Linear motors are pre-installed inside each of the two grooves 18. These linear motors can drive the two sliders 20 to move up and down within their respective grooves 18, thereby causing the moving block 15 to move up and down between the two vertical rods 11 for adjustment. The output end of the pre-installed first motor is connected to the top of the round rod 14, allowing the round rod 14 to rotate for adjustment.

[0038] As a technical optimization of the present invention, a tapered filter frame 21 is installed at the bottom end of the round rod 14, and a scraper 23 is connected to the top end of the filter frame 21 through multiple elastic elements 22. The filter frame 21 can filter and temporarily store large pieces of coal gangue; the scraper 23 is elastically connected to the filter frame 21 through multiple elastic elements 22 to avoid scratching the feed inlet 3.

[0039] As a technical optimization of the present invention, a fixed base 24 is installed on the outer wall of the round rod 14. Rotating blocks 25 are rotatably installed at both ends of the fixed base 24. Electric telescopic rods 26 are rotatably installed at the ends of the two rotating blocks 25 away from the fixed base 24. Mounting blocks 27 are installed at the telescopic ends of the two electric telescopic rods 26. A first driving device is pre-installed on one side of the outer wall of the fixed base 24. The output ends of the two first driving devices are respectively connected to the rotating parts of their corresponding rotating blocks 25, thereby enabling the two rotating blocks 25 to rotate and adjust at both ends of the fixed base 24. A second driving device is pre-installed inside each of the two rotating blocks 25. The output ends of the two second driving devices are respectively connected to the two electric telescopic rods 26, thereby enabling the two electric telescopic rods 26 and the mounting blocks 27 to rotate and adjust together. During the telescopic process of the two electric telescopic rods 26, the telescopic ends can drive the two mounting blocks 27 to move and adjust.

[0040] As a technical optimization of the present invention, brushes 29 are installed on the outer walls of the two mounting blocks 27 on opposite sides, and first electromagnets 28 are installed inside the two mounting blocks 27. When the two rotating blocks 25 drive the electric telescopic rod 26 and the mounting blocks 27 to rotate downwards to a horizontal state, the brushes 29 can be driven into the interior of the circular collection box 9 to facilitate subsequent cleaning of the interior of the circular collection box 9 using the brushes 29.

[0041] As a technical optimization of the present invention, the auxiliary crushing mechanism includes grooves 19 formed on the inner walls of both sides of the fixed frame 10. A lead screw 30 is rotatably mounted inside each of the two grooves 19. Two second motors 16, whose output ends are connected to the top ends of the two lead screws 30, are mounted on the top of the fixed frame 10. The output ends of the two second motors 16 can drive the two lead screws 30 to rotate together inside the corresponding grooves 19.

[0042] As a technical optimization of the present invention, movable parts 17 are threadedly installed on the outer walls of both lead screws 30, and second electromagnets 31 are installed at the bottom ends of both movable parts 17. A circular plate 13 is provided inside the circular collection box 9, and the two second electromagnets 31 are magnetically attracted and fixed to the circular plate 13 after being energized. During the rotation of the two lead screws 30, the two movable parts 17 can move up and down on the corresponding surfaces of the lead screws 30 for adjustment. After the bottom ends of the two movable parts 17 move to abut against the top of the circular plate 13, the two second electromagnets 31 generate magnetism by being energized, so that they can be magnetically attracted and fixed to the circular plate 13, so that the two movable parts 17 can drive the circular plate 13 to move synchronously during the up and down movement.

[0043] As a technical optimization of the present invention, two protrusions 33 are installed at the top of the circular plate 13, and a wear-resistant layer 32 is provided at the bottom of the circular plate.

[0044] As a technical optimization of the present invention, a discharge port 37 is provided at the bottom of the circular collection box 9, and a discharge pipe 12 is installed at the bottom of the discharge port 37. The bottom end of the discharge pipe 12 is located directly above the first conveyor belt 4. A sealing plate 34 is slidably installed inside the discharge port 37. Two connecting rods 35 are installed on one outer wall of the sealing plate 34, and two electric push rods 36 are installed on the outer wall of the circular collection box 9. The telescopic ends of the two electric push rods 36 are connected to the adjacent connecting rods 35. By extending the telescopic ends of the two electric push rods 36 together, the two connecting rods 35 can be pushed and the sealing plate 34 can be driven away from the discharge port 37, so that the crushed coal gangue inside the circular collection box 9 can enter the interior of the discharge pipe 12 through the discharge port 37 and be discharged downward to the surface of the first conveyor belt 4 through the discharge pipe 12.

[0045] In this invention, the user uses this device to perform segmented activation treatment on coal gangue. First, the stockpiled coal gangue is transported to the inside of the hammer crusher 2 using a pre-set raw material conveying device. The hammer crusher 2 crushes the large pieces of coal gangue to a particle size ≤500mm. Then, the coal gangue crushed by the hammer crusher 2 is transported to the inside of the ball mill 5 using the first conveyor belt 4, so that the ball mill 5 can further crush the coarse material to 0.1-1mm. Next, the unqualified large particles are separated, magnetic impurities in the coal gangue are removed, and free water in the raw material is removed through the pre-set screening equipment, magnetic separation equipment, and drying equipment. Then, the treated coal gangue particles are transported to the vertical activation furnace 8 via the second conveyor belt 7 for activation treatment.

[0046] Furthermore, a hammer crusher 2 can be used to crush some of the coal gangue to a coarse-grained state, followed by screening to remove large impurities. Then, it can be calcined at 700-750℃ to dehydroxylate kaolinite and convert it into metakaolinite. Alternatively, a hammer crusher 2 can be used in conjunction with a ball mill 5 to pulverize some of the coal gangue into fine-grained coal gangue powder, increasing the specific surface area. Composite cement with 20% coal gangue admixture after grinding can achieve a compressive strength exceeding that of pure silicate cement after 28 days. By crushing lumpy coal gangue into different states and classifying it for processing, a one-size-fits-all approach to activation can be avoided, and the process can be optimized for different particle size characteristics.

[0047] If low-temperature carbonization of coal gangue is required, the vertical activation furnace 8 can be controlled to heat the coal gangue at 500-600℃ in an inert atmosphere for 1-2 hours, so that the volatiles in the carbon are slowly released, forming a preliminary porous structure, while avoiding excessive combustion and loss of carbon.

[0048] For deep activation of coal gangue to prepare activated carbon adsorbent, physical activation can be used, i.e., a vertical activation furnace at 800-900℃ in a CO2 or water vapor atmosphere for 2-3 hours to activate the coal gangue, thereby increasing the specific surface area to 800-1500 m². 2 / g, can be used for wastewater treatment and flue gas desulfurization;

[0049] If used to prepare clean fuel, the vertical activation furnace 8 performs mild activation at 600-700℃ in a weak oxidizing atmosphere, removing sulfur and ash from the carbonaceous material and increasing the calorific value to 20-25 MJ / kg, which can then be used as boiler fuel to replace part of the raw coal. This allows the vertical activation furnace 8 to design multi-step, differentiated activation processes based on the differences in the physicochemical properties of different components in coal gangue, achieving a balance between low energy consumption, high selectivity, and high product value.

[0050] When coal gangue is transported into the hammer crusher 2 for initial crushing, the filter frame 21, located inside the feed inlet 3, automatically filters the coal gangue entering the hammer crusher 2, leaving the larger pieces at the top of the filter frame 21. Once the top of the filter frame 21 has a sufficient amount of large pieces of coal gangue, the two second motors 16 are controlled to rotate the corresponding lead screws 30, which in turn move the two moving parts 17 and their bottom circular plates 13, magnetically attracted by the second electromagnets 31, upwards to their highest positions. This opens the top opening of the circular collection box 9. Then, the two... The rotating block 25 rotates downwards at both ends of the fixed base 24 to a horizontal position, driving the two horizontal mounting blocks 27 and brush 29 to rotate downwards to the bottom of the circular plate 13. Then, the two sliders 20 are controlled to move upwards together in the corresponding sliding grooves 18, driving the moving block 15, the circular rod 14 and the filter frame 21 to move upwards synchronously until the filter frame 21 moves upwards to a position higher than the feed inlet 3. The coal gangue at the top of the filter frame 21 can then slide outwards and fall into the circular collection box 9 for collection, achieving the effect of automatically discharging and collecting this part of the larger coal gangue from the feed inlet 3.

[0051] If there is a lot of soil attached to the surface of the coal gangue, the soil will adhere to the inner wall of the feed inlet 3 when the coal gangue enters the hammer crusher 2. In order to avoid a large amount of soil adhering to the inner wall of the feed inlet 3, which may cause the coal gangue to easily block the feed inlet 3, the two sliders 20 can be moved upward in the corresponding chute 18. While moving the filter frame 21 upward, the scraper 23 can be moved simultaneously to scrape and clean the soil adhering to the inner wall of the feed inlet 3, so that it enters the hammer crusher 2 along with the main coal gangue material, reducing its impact on the feed inlet 3 and ensuring that the crushing efficiency of the hammer crusher 2 for coal gangue is not affected.

[0052] After the larger coal gangue enters the circular collection box 9, the two sliders 20 can be controlled to move downward and reset inside the corresponding slide grooves 18, driving the filter frame 21 to move downward and reset synchronously. The two rotating blocks 25 can be controlled to drive the corresponding mounting blocks 27 and other components to rotate upward to a vertical state. Then, the two lead screws 30 can be controlled to drive the two moving parts 17 and the magnetically attracted circular plate 13 to move downward and reset together. After the circular plate 13 moves into the circular collection box 9, it can squeeze and crush the coal gangue inside the circular collection box 9, so as to initially crush this part of the larger coal gangue.

[0053] After the circular plate 13 initially crushes the coal gangue inside the circular collection box 9, the two lead screws 30 can be controlled to drive the two moving parts 17 and the circular plate 13 to move upward together to a position flush with the top of the circular collection box 9. Then, the circular rod 14 is controlled to drive the fixed seat 24 and other components to rotate 90 degrees. Then, the two rotating blocks 25 are controlled to rotate downward together at both ends of the fixed seat 24, and the two electric telescopic rods 26 are simultaneously controlled to drive the corresponding mounting blocks 27 to rotate 180 degrees. After the two rotating blocks 25 drive the corresponding mounting blocks 27 to rotate downward to a horizontal state, the telescopic ends of the two electric telescopic rods 26 are controlled to extend together, so that the two mounting blocks 27 respectively abut against one side of the two protrusions 33 at the top of the circular plate 13, that is, as shown in the figure. Figure 10 In the state shown, after the two first electromagnets 28 are energized, they are magnetically attracted and fixed to the two protrusions 33. At this time, as the round rod 14 drives the two mounting blocks 27 on its outer wall to rotate, the round plate 13 can be synchronously driven to rotate inside the round collection box 9. With the help of the wear-resistant layer 32 set at the bottom of the round plate 13, the initially crushed coal gangue inside the round collection box 9 can be further ground. After the two first electromagnets 28 are de-energized, the round plate 13 can move downward inside the round collection box 9 by its own weight. Then, it is magnetically attracted to the two protrusions 33 again by the two first electromagnets 28, which makes it convenient to adapt the grinding height of the round plate 13 to the coal gangue, so as to better grind the coal gangue to the specified particle size.

[0054] After the coal gangue inside the circular collection box 9 is crushed to a suitable particle size, the two rotating blocks 25 can be controlled to drive the corresponding mounting blocks 27 and other components to rotate upwards and reset. The two electric telescopic rods 26 can also be controlled to drive the corresponding mounting blocks 27 to rotate and reset. Then, the second electromagnets 31 at the bottom of the two moving parts 17 are magnetically attracted and fixed to the circular plate 13. With the help of the two moving parts 17, the circular plate 13 moves upwards from inside the circular collection box 9 to its highest position. Then, the two rotating blocks 25 can be controlled to drive the corresponding mounting blocks 27 and brushes 29 downwards to a horizontal position, allowing the two brushes 29 to smoothly enter... Inside the circular collecting box 9, by controlling the extension and retraction ends of the two electric push rods 36 to extend together, the sealing plate 34 can be pushed to release the blockage of the discharge port 37. As the round rod 14 drives the two brushes 29 to rotate inside the circular collecting box 9, the crushed coal gangue inside the circular collecting box 9 can be pushed to the position of the discharge port 37, so that it can be discharged through the discharge pipe 12 to the top of the first conveyor belt 4, so that the first conveyor belt 4 can transport it to the ball mill 5 for more fine crushing treatment, thus achieving the effect of auxiliary crushing and discharge of the coal gangue located inside the circular collecting box 9.

[0055] If the filter frame 21 is used to filter and temporarily store large coal gangue, there is no need to perform auxiliary crushing. First, the second electromagnet 31 at the bottom of the two moving parts 17 can be magnetically attracted and fixed to the circular plate 13 to ensure that the circular plate 13 is located inside the circular collection box 9 and is flush with the top of the circular collection box 9. After the filter frame 21 discharges the coal gangue upwards, the coal gangue can fall onto the top of the circular plate 13. As the number of coal gangue discharged outwards increases, the coal gangue on the top of the circular plate 13 can fall downwards and be discharged, achieving the effect of automatically removing large coal gangue.

[0056] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, The top of the base (1) is sequentially provided with a hammer crusher (2), a ball mill (5) and a vertical activation furnace (8). The top of the hammer crusher (2) is provided with a feed inlet (3). The outer wall of the feed inlet (3) is equipped with a circular collection box (9) and a fixing frame (10). The inside of the fixing frame (10) is respectively provided with a cleaning mechanism for automatically scraping and cleaning the soil attached to the inner wall of the feed inlet (3) and an auxiliary crushing mechanism for processing large pieces of coal gangue inside the circular collection box (9).

2. The multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) is equipped with a first conveyor belt (4) and a second conveyor belt (7). The bottom ends of the first conveyor belt (4) and the second conveyor belt (7) are located at the bottom ends of the hammer crusher (2) and the ball mill (5), respectively. The top ends of the first conveyor belt (4) and the second conveyor belt (7) are located at the top inlet (6) of the ball mill (5) and the top of the vertical activation furnace (8), respectively.

3. The multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism includes two vertical rods (11) installed on the top of the fixed frame (10). The outer walls of the two vertical rods (11) that are close to each other are provided with grooves (18). The two grooves (18) are each equipped with sliders (20). The two sliders (20) are connected to a moving block (15) at the ends away from the grooves (18). The moving block (15) is equipped with a first motor. The output end of the first motor passes through the fixed frame (10) and is connected to a round rod (14).

4. The multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom end of the round rod (14) is equipped with a tapered filter frame (21), and the top end of the filter frame (21) is connected to a scraper (23) through multiple elastic elements (22).

5. The multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification according to claim 3, characterized in that, A fixed seat (24) is installed on the outer wall of the round rod (14). Rotating blocks (25) are rotatably installed at both ends of the fixed seat (24). Electric telescopic rods (26) are rotatably installed at the ends of the two rotating blocks (25) away from the fixed seat (24). Mounting blocks (27) are installed at the telescopic ends of the two electric telescopic rods (26).

6. The multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification according to claim 5, characterized in that, Brushes (29) are installed on the outer walls of the two mounting blocks (27) on opposite sides, and a first electromagnet (28) is installed inside each of the two mounting blocks (27).

7. The multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary crushing mechanism includes grooves (19) opened on the inner walls of both sides of the fixed frame (10). A lead screw (30) is rotatably installed inside the two grooves (19). Two second motors (16) with output ends connected to the top ends of the two lead screws (30) are installed at the top of the fixed frame (10).

8. The multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer walls of the two lead screws (30) are threaded with movable parts (17), and the bottom ends of the two movable parts (17) are each equipped with a second electromagnet (31). The inside of the circular collection box (9) is provided with a circular plate (13), and the two second electromagnets (31) are magnetically attracted and fixed to the circular plate (13) after being energized.

9. The multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top of the circular plate (13) is equipped with two protrusions (33), and the bottom of the circular plate is provided with a wear-resistant layer (32).

10. The multi-stage activation device for coal gangue based on particle size classification according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the circular collection box (9) is provided with a discharge port (37), and a discharge pipe (12) is installed at the bottom of the discharge port (37). The bottom of the discharge pipe (12) is located directly above the first conveyor belt (4). A sealing plate (34) is slidably installed inside the discharge port (37). Two connecting rods (35) are installed on one side of the outer wall of the sealing plate (34). Two electric push rods (36) are installed on the outer wall of the circular collection box (9). The telescopic ends of the two electric push rods (36) are connected to the connecting rods (35) that are close to them.

Images