Tunnel gushing water stopping method in water-rich area

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a water-rich area tunnel gushing water stopping method which comprises the following steps that S1, a plurality of grouting holes are formed in the working face of a tunnel; s2, three-pipe grouting equipment is connected with a grouting system, the three-pipe grouting equipment comprises three feeding pipes distributed in parallel, cement paste, asphalt liquid and liquid nitrogen are injected into the three feeding pipes correspondingly, and the outlet ends of the three feeding pipes are connected with grouting pipes inserted into the grouting holes through four-way joints; and S3, the grouting system is started, the grouting pipe is pulled through horn equipment, and cement paste, asphalt liquid and liquid nitrogen are sequentially injected along with the pulling progress of the grouting pipe. Layered grouting is carried out in a mode of pulling the grouting pipe, and a cement layer, an asphalt layer and a liquid layer from far to near are formed in front of the tunnel, so that a stable water stopping effect is formed, and the probability of water burst in the tunneling process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, specifically relating to a method for stopping water inrush in tunnels in water-rich areas. Background Technology

[0002] When excavating tunnels in fracture zones, intrusive contact zones, and weak interlayers, improper pre-existing conditions can easily lead to tunnel water inrush. This not only affects construction progress but also causes a drop in groundwater levels and water scarcity. If the inrushing water contains soil, it can trigger piping, causing tunnel rock collapse and even surface subsidence. Current technology only involves grouting to stop water inrushes during tunnel excavation, which is insufficient for prevention, resulting in inefficient construction.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved technical solution that addresses the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a method for stopping water inrush in tunnels in water-rich areas.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for stopping water inrush in tunnels in water-rich areas includes the following steps: Step S1: Drill multiple grouting holes at the working face of the tunnel; Step S2: Connect the three-pipe grouting equipment to the grouting system. The three-pipe grouting equipment includes three parallel feed pipes. Cement slurry, asphalt liquid and liquid nitrogen are injected into the three feed pipes respectively. The outlet ends of the three feed pipes are connected to the grouting pipe inserted in the grouting hole through a four-way connector. Step S3: Start the grouting system, pull the grouting pipe with the horn device, and inject cement grout, asphalt liquid and liquid nitrogen in sequence as the grouting pipe is pulled.

[0006] Preferably, the geology along the tunnel excavation path is detected using detection equipment, and the grouting and sealing area is designed based on the detection results; The grouting holes include multiple rings corresponding to the contour of the tunnel working face. The grouting holes extend outward from the outer periphery of the tunnel, and the ends of the grouting holes extend to the contour line of the grouting and sealing area.

[0007] Preferably, the grouting holes are drilled in three batches, including: In the first batch, multi-ring grouting holes were drilled from the outside in. Each ring of grouting holes was drilled at intervals, and grouting pipes were inserted into the grouting holes. In the second batch, grouting holes that were not drilled in the first batch were drilled, and grouting pipes were inserted into the grouting holes. The third batch involves analyzing the drill cuttings from the first and second batches during the drilling process. Based on the analysis results, grouting holes are added to the blank areas of the first and second batches, and grouting pipes are inserted into the grouting holes.

[0008] Preferably, the inner diameter of the grouting hole is adapted to the grouting pipe so that the grouting pipe can be slidably assembled along the corresponding grouting hole.

[0009] Preferably, the front end of the grouting pipe is provided with a groove, and an annular air bladder is provided in the groove. The air supply pipe of the annular air bladder extends out of the grouting hole along the outer wall of the grouting pipe and is connected to an air pump.

[0010] Preferably, after the grouting hole is drilled, a sealing flange is installed at the hole opening. The flange is anchored to the corresponding working surface by bolts, and a sealing ring is provided inside the flange to slide and seal with the grouting pipe. A check valve with a corresponding four-way connection is installed at the end of the grouting pipe away from the grouting hole.

[0011] Preferably, multiple adjacent grouting pipes are grouted simultaneously, and the three-pipe grouting equipment corresponding to the multiple grouting pipes grouting simultaneously is connected in parallel through the grouting system; The traction equipment is connected to multiple grouting pipes that are being grouted simultaneously, so as to pull out multiple grouting holes synchronously.

[0012] Preferably, the traction device includes a drive seat and a traction rope; The drive seat is driven by a drive device. A traction member is provided above the drive seat. The traction member is provided with multiple traction ropes, and the multiple traction ropes are respectively connected to multiple grouting pipes.

[0013] Preferably, the traction component is a disc corresponding to the tunnel working face, with multiple notches corresponding to grouting holes provided on the edge of the disc. One end of the traction rope is fixed to the middle of the disc and connected to the corresponding grouting pipe after passing around the notch.

[0014] Beneficial effects: By using the method of pulling the grouting pipe to perform layered grouting, cement layer, asphalt layer and liquid layer are formed from far to near in front of the tunnel, thereby forming a stable water-stopping effect and reducing the probability of water inrush problems during tunnel excavation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of the three-pipe grouting device in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a simplified structural diagram of the traction device in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Tunnel; 2. Grouting sealing area; 3. Grouting pipe; 4. Column; 5. Slide rail; 6. Crossbar; 7. Disc; 8. Traction rope; 9. Traction rod. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In the description of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connected" and "linked" used in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0020] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a method for stopping water inrush in a tunnel in a water-rich area includes the following steps: Step S1, when excavating tunnel 1 in a water-rich area, at the fracture zone, intrusion contact zone and weak interlayer, multiple grouting holes are drilled on the working face of tunnel 1. The grouting holes extend outward from the outer periphery of tunnel 1, thereby forming a water-stopping surface on the outer periphery of tunnel 1 after grouting, so as to avoid water inrush.

[0021] Step S2: Connect the three-pipe grouting equipment to the grouting system. The feed pipe is equipped with a heat insulation layer. The three-pipe grouting equipment includes three feed pipes that are distributed in parallel. These three feed pipes are connected to three pumps corresponding to cement slurry, asphalt liquid, and liquid nitrogen, respectively. Cement slurry, asphalt liquid, and liquid nitrogen can be injected into the three feed pipes as needed. The outlet ends of the three feed pipes are connected to the grouting pipe 3 inserted in the grouting hole through a four-way connector. In this way, a multi-layer grouting curtain is formed by the pulling of the grouting pipe 3 during the grouting process.

[0022] In step S3, during actual grouting, the grouting system is started, and the grouting pipe 3 is pulled out using a horn device. As the grouting pipe 3 is pulled out, cement grout, asphalt liquid, and liquid nitrogen are injected in sequence. After initial water stoppage is achieved through cement grout, a closed curtain is formed using asphalt liquid, and a water-stopping sealing layer is formed through the liquid nitrogen cooling zone, thereby reducing the possibility of water inrush disasters.

[0023] In one optional embodiment, the geology along the tunnel 1 excavation path is detected using ultrasonic detection equipment to determine the locations of fault zones, intrusion contact zones, and weak interlayers prone to water inrush. Based on the detection results, a grouting sealing area 2 is designed, and grouting is performed through grouting holes before tunnel 1 passes through the area where water inrush is likely to occur. The grouting holes consist of multiple rings corresponding to the working face contour of tunnel 1, generally not less than three rings. The specific number and spacing of grouting holes in each ring are determined based on the actual detection results and are not subject to excessive restrictions. The grouting holes extend outward from the periphery of tunnel 1, with the ends of the grouting holes extending to the contour line of the grouting sealing area 2. The contour line of the sealing area is located 2-3m outside the contour line of tunnel 1. The portion between the sealing area and the contour line of tunnel 1 is divided into three layers for grouting with cement slurry, asphalt liquid, and liquid nitrogen, respectively. In the area where the grouting holes are located inside the contour line of tunnel 1, only liquid nitrogen is injected, thus not increasing the excavation difficulty of tunnel 1.

[0024] The grouting holes were drilled in three batches, specifically including: The first batch of grouting holes was drilled using a multi-ring drilling method from the outside in. First, the innermost ring of grouting holes was drilled. Each ring was drilled intermittently (one hole was drilled every other hole in the circumference of Tunnel 1) to avoid excessive stress changes caused by significant damage to the Tunnel 1 structure, thus reducing the probability of safety accidents. After drilling, grouting pipes 3 (steel pipes) were promptly inserted into the grouting holes, their length matching the depth of the corresponding grouting hole. This process was repeated after all rings of grouting holes were drilled using the intermittent drilling method before proceeding to the second ring. The drilling process is divided into three batches. The second batch involves drilling the grouting holes that were not drilled in the first batch, thus completing the drilling of the grouting holes at the preset points, and inserting grouting pipes 3 into the grouting holes. The third batch is for supplementing the grouting holes in the design. Specifically, during the drilling process of the first and second batches, drill cuttings are analyzed. Based on the analysis of the drill cuttings from the first and second batches, the geological conditions of each point are determined, areas with a high risk of water inrush are identified, and grouting holes are added to the blank areas of the first and second batches of drilling, and grouting pipes 3 are inserted into the grouting holes.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the inner diameter of the grouting hole is adapted to the grouting pipe 3 so that the grouting pipe 3 can be slidably assembled along the corresponding grouting hole. The end of the grouting pipe 3 is open, so that the predetermined grout can be injected into the preset position as it is pulled. In addition, the grouting pipe 3 is also provided with a check valve that is connected to a four-way valve. The check valve is used to seal the seepage water from the working face and prevent water inrush before grouting.

[0026] Grouting pipe 3 is a metal pipe with a groove at its front end. An annular airbag is installed in the groove. The air supply pipe of the annular airbag extends along the outer wall of grouting pipe 3 and is connected to an air pump. In this way, the airbag is inflated during the grouting process to seal the grouting hole, preventing grout from seeping into the hole and improving the accuracy of layered grouting.

[0027] After the grouting holes are drilled, a sealing flange is installed at the hole opening. The sealing flange is square with bolt holes on the edge, so that the flange can be anchored to the corresponding working surface by bolts. Inside the flange, there is a sealing ring that slides and seals with the grouting pipe 3, thereby further increasing the sealing performance and preventing water leakage at the hole opening.

[0028] In this embodiment, the grouting sequence follows the principle of injecting from waterless or low-water areas, from bottom to top, and from the waterless side to the water-rich side in an orderly manner. Asphalt slurry, cement grout, and liquid nitrogen are rapidly poured into their respective grout tanks. According to preset working conditions, the three materials are injected into the outer rock of tunnel 1 under high pressure from the grouting pump. Multiple adjacent grouting pipes 3 are grouted simultaneously (generally, 5-10 grouting holes in the same ring can be grouted synchronously). The three-pipe grouting devices corresponding to the multiple grouting pipes 3 are connected in parallel through the grouting system to ensure the uniformity of grouting. Multiple grouting pipes 3 are connected by a traction device, and the multiple grouting holes are synchronously pulled under the traction of the traction device to ensure the synchronicity of grouting.

[0029] The traction device includes a drive seat and a traction rope 8. The drive seat is driven by a drive device, which can be a drive hub or a hydraulic cylinder. In this embodiment, the drive device is preferably a hydraulic cylinder. The bottom of the drive seat is slidably mounted on a slide rail 5. The slide rail 5 extends along the tunnel 1, thereby controlling the pulling rate and progress. The control of the hydraulic cylinder is linked with the grouting system to achieve automated grouting.

[0030] In this embodiment, a traction component is provided above the drive seat, and multiple traction ropes 8 are provided on the traction component, which are respectively connected to multiple grouting pipes 3.

[0031] The traction component is a disc 7 corresponding to the working face of tunnel 1. Multiple notches corresponding to grouting holes are provided on the edge of the disc 7. One end of the traction rope 8 is fixed in the middle of the disc 7. The traction rope 8 is then connected to the corresponding grouting pipe 3 after passing around the notch according to the corresponding position. The traction rope 8 is limited by the notch to ensure stability during the pulling process.

[0032] Furthermore, the drive base is a gantry-shaped or H-shaped frame. In this application, the drive base is preferably an H-shaped frame, including two columns 4 and a crossbar 6 in the middle. The disc 7 is set on the crossbar 6 of the H-shaped frame. Slide rails 5 are distributed at the bottom of the columns 4 on both sides and are driven by hydraulic cylinders. A connection station is set at the end of the disc 7 away from the working surface to connect the traction rope 8.

[0033] Alternatively, the two columns 4 are connected to the same base, and the base is fitted with a sliding rail 5.

[0034] More preferably, the crossbar 6 is slidably mounted on two columns 4 at both ends, and a traction rod 9 corresponding to the column 4 is provided on the column 4. The traction rod 9 is a cylinder, and the crossbar 6 is raised and lowered as the grouting pipe 3 is pulled out, thereby ensuring that the traction rope 8 applies tension along the axial direction of the grouting pipe 3 as much as possible.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for stopping water inflow in a water-rich area tunnel, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, multiple grouting holes are arranged on the working face of the tunnel; Step S2, a three-tube grouting device is connected to the grouting system, the three-tube grouting device comprises three parallel feeding tubes, cement slurry, asphalt liquid and liquid nitrogen are respectively injected into the three feeding tubes, and the outlet ends of the three feeding tubes are connected to the grouting pipes inserted into the grouting holes through a four-way joint; Step S3, the grouting system is started, the grouting pipes are pulled through the horn device, and the cement slurry, asphalt liquid and liquid nitrogen are sequentially injected according to the pulling progress of the grouting pipes.

2. The water-rich zone tunnel water inflow water-stopping method according to claim 1, characterized by, The geological conditions of the tunneling path are detected by a detection device, and a grouting sealing area is designed according to the detection results; The grouting hole comprises multiple rings corresponding to the contour of the tunnel working face, and the grouting hole extends to the contour line of the grouting sealing area from the outer periphery of the tunnel.

3. The water-rich zone tunnel water inflow water-stopping method according to claim 2, characterized by, The grouting hole is arranged in three batches, including: The first batch adopts a self-outer-to-inner mode to arrange the multiple-ring grouting hole, and the interval drilling form is adopted during the arrangement of each ring grouting hole, and the grouting pipe is inserted into the grouting hole; The second batch drills the grouting holes that are not arranged in the first batch, and inserts the grouting pipe into the grouting hole; The third batch analyzes the drilling cuttings during the arrangement of the first batch and the second batch, supplements the blank area of the first batch and the second batch according to the analysis results, and inserts the grouting pipe into the grouting hole.

4. The water-rich zone tunnel water inflow water-stopping method according to claim 3, characterized by, The inner diameter of the grouting hole is matched with the grouting pipe, so that the grouting pipe is slidably assembled along the corresponding grouting hole.

5. The water-rich zone tunnel water inflow water-stopping method according to claim 4, characterized by, A groove is arranged at the front end of the grouting pipe, an annular air bag is arranged in the groove, and a gas supply pipe of the annular air bag extends out of the grouting hole along the outer wall of the grouting pipe.

6. The water-rich zone tunnel water inflow water-stopping method according to claim 3, characterized by, A sealing flange is installed at the hole opening after the grouting hole is arranged, the flange is anchored on the corresponding working face through bolts, and a sealing ring for sliding sealing with the grouting pipe is arranged inside the flange; A non-return valve corresponding to the four-way joint is arranged at the end of the grouting pipe away from the grouting hole.

7. The water-rich zone tunnel water inflow sealing method according to claim 1, characterized by, The adjacent multiple grouting pipes are simultaneously grouted, and the three-tube grouting devices corresponding to the multiple grouting pipes are connected in parallel through the grouting system. The traction device is connected to the multiple grouting pipes for synchronous pulling of the multiple grouting holes.

8. The water-rich zone tunnel water inflow water-stopping method according to claim 7, characterized by, The traction device comprises a driving seat and a traction rope. The driving seat is driven by a driving device, a traction member is arranged above the driving seat, a plurality of traction ropes are arranged on the traction member, and the plurality of traction ropes are connected to the plurality of grouting pipes.

9. The water-rich zone tunnel water inflow water-stopping method according to claim 7, characterized by, The traction member is a disc corresponding to the tunnel working face, a plurality of notches corresponding to the grouting holes are arranged on the edge of the disc, one end of the traction rope is fixed to the middle part of the disc, and the traction rope is connected to the corresponding grouting pipe after passing through the notch.

Images