Welding device used for machining speed reducer and provided with positioning mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to a speed reducer machining welding device with a positioning mechanism. The speed reducer machining welding device comprises a rack; the welding equipment is used for welding parts of the speed reducer; the clamping mechanism is used for clamping and supporting parts of the speed reducer; the discharging mechanism is used for discharging the welded parts of the speed reducer; the discharging mechanism comprises a discharging tool which is matched with parts of the speed reducer and facilitates discharging. The protection assembly reduces the speed of parts of the speed reducer through elasticity; and the buffering assembly is used for buffering the fallen parts. According to the anti-falling system, the safety performance of the welding environment is greatly improved through the falling anti-falling system integrating multiple excellent performance such as multi-stage protection, flexible interception, nonlinear buffering, intelligent regulation and control and automatic reset.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of speed reducer machining welding equipment, in particular to a welding device with a positioning mechanism for speed reducer machining. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, as a core component in a mechanical transmission system, a speed reducer is usually complex in structure and is mostly made of thick cast metal materials. In the production and manufacturing process of the speed reducer, welding is a crucial procedure for connecting different components (such as a shell, a flange, a base and the like) of the speed reducer into an integrated whole. In order to ensure the welding quality, a special welding positioning device is usually required to clamp and fix the components and adjust the position.

[0003] The existing welding positioning device for speed reducer components can clamp the components of the speed reducer and then weld the components. After the welding is completed, the workpiece needs to be unloaded by workers. Since the automatic unloading cost is high and will affect the normal operation of the clamping equipment, manual unloading is mostly adopted. When the clamping force disappears, the heavy workpiece will directly fall under the action of gravity, which not only easily causes the high-temperature workpiece just completed welding to be deformed, surface scratched or even weld cracking due to the impact on the ground or base, but also causes the product to be scrapped. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to improve the above technical problems, the application provides a welding device with a positioning mechanism for speed reducer machining.

[0005] The welding device with a positioning mechanism for speed reducer machining provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme: The welding device with a positioning mechanism for speed reducer machining comprises: a rack; a welding equipment for welding speed reducer components; a clamping mechanism for clamping and supporting the speed reducer components; and a unloading mechanism for unloading the speed reducer components after welding; The unloading mechanism comprises: a unloading tool adapted to the speed reducer components and facilitating unloading; a protection assembly for reducing the speed of the speed reducer components by elasticity; and a buffer assembly for buffering the falling components.

[0006] Further, the protection assembly comprises: a protection net for protecting the speed reducer components and made of elastic material; and a plurality of protection ropes fixedly connected with four corners of the protection net. The buffer assembly is connected with the safety rope, and the safety net is not unfolded in the initial state.

[0007] Further, the buffer assembly comprises: a buffer plate fixedly arranged on the support; a buffer bag filled with liquid medium, one end of which is fixedly connected with the safety rope, and the other end of which is fixedly connected with the buffer plate; a barrier portion for reducing the speed of the buffer bag and the size of which is adjustable; and a reset portion for pulling the buffer bag back to the initial position; the cross-sectional size of the buffer bag gradually decreases from the direction towards the barrier portion; and the initial size of the barrier portion is smaller than the maximum cross-sectional size of the buffer bag.

[0008] Further, the barrier portion comprises: a barrier sheet arranged in an arc shape; and an energizing member for energizing and heating the barrier sheet; the barrier sheet is made of a memory alloy, and the two barrier sheets are arranged oppositely in the initial state, and the barrier sheets are arranged outwardly after phase transition.

[0009] Further, the reset portion comprises: a reset rope fixedly connected with one end of the buffer bag away from the safety rope; a lever member for pulling the reset rope back to the initial position; and a power assembly for applying power to the lever.

[0010] Further, the lever member comprises: a reset rod rotatably connected with the buffer plate, and the rotation position is away from the reset rope; and a torsional spring for connecting the reset rod and the buffer plate; the reset rod is fixedly connected with one end of the reset rope, and the reset rope is in a straightened state during movement.

[0011] Further, the power assembly comprises: a memory alloy wire fixedly connected with the buffer plate; and a power block arranged in an L shape, and the vertical segment is fixedly connected with the top end of the memory alloy wire, and the horizontal segment is located above the corresponding end portion of the reset rod; the horizontal segment of the power block does not abut against the end portion of the reset rod in the initial state of the torsional spring.

[0012] Further, the power assembly further comprises: a proximity switch arranged at the bottom of the horizontal segment of the power block; and a heating member for heating the memory alloy wire; The proximity switch is electrically connected to the heating element.

[0013] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows: 1. When the reducer components fall due to improper operation after welding, the first stage of flexible deceleration is performed by the protective components to absorb some of the kinetic energy. Then, the reduced speed of the reducer components interacts with the buffer components to perform the second stage of deep energy dissipation. This progressive protection mode avoids instantaneous rigid impact and smoothly decomposes the collision process into two stages, which greatly improves the protection level of the reducer components and significantly enhances the reliability and safety of the entire equipment under extreme failure conditions. 2. When the protective net reaches its elastic limit, it begins to pull the protective rope, which in turn moves the buffer bag toward the barrier. The buffer bag partially passes through the barrier and generates a huge damping force by squeezing the liquid. Since the buffer bag is conical, the deeper it is pulled into the barrier, the larger its cross-section becomes, and the more liquid needs to be squeezed, resulting in a greater damping force. This creates a nonlinear buffering characteristic where the damping force increases with displacement. This allows the buffer to smoothly and efficiently absorb all the remaining kinetic energy of the descending reducer components, avoiding the hard bottom effect and rebound that may occur at the end of compression in spring-type buffers. Unlike elastic elements, which mainly store energy, liquid compression damping mainly dissipates kinetic energy in the form of heat, avoiding secondary impacts caused by energy rebound. 3. During the buffering process, the reset rope drives the reset rod to swing. During the swing, the end of the reset rod gradually moves towards the horizontal section of the power block. In this embodiment, it is set that when the end of the reset rod swings to the position where it abuts the horizontal section of the power block, the buffering of the reducer components is completed. At this time, the proximity switch abuts the corresponding end of the reset rod. At this time, it is necessary to stop the driving work of the reducer components in time, and the heating element starts to be energized and starts to heat the shape memory alloy wire. When the shape memory alloy wire undergoes a phase change, it begins to contract and controls the power block to move towards the buffer bag. At this time, the other end of the reset rod drives the reset rope and the buffer bag to move towards the initial position, realizing the reset work of the buffer bag. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the diagram.

[0015] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Rack; 2. Clamping block; 3; 30. Protective net; 31. Protective rope; 32. Buffer plate; 33. Buffer bag; 34. Barrier part; 341. Barrier plate; 35. Reset part; 351. Reset rope; 352. Reset rod; 353. Torsion spring; 354. Memory alloy wire; 355. Power block; 356. Proximity switch. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] This application discloses a welding apparatus with a positioning mechanism for machining speed reducers. (Refer to...) Figures 1-3 The system includes: a frame 1; welding equipment for welding reducer components; in this embodiment, a handheld welding device or a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic welding device can be used, and submerged arc welding can be used to weld the reducer components; a clamping mechanism for clamping and supporting the reducer components; in this embodiment, four clamping blocks 2 are used to clamp the components, although multiple clamping blocks 2 can be used, with the four clamping blocks 2 correspondingly arranged and clamping the reducer components in different directions. The power of the clamping blocks 2 can be transmitted through a hydraulic cylinder or a lead screw, which will not be elaborated in this embodiment; and a feeding mechanism for feeding the welded reducer components; after welding, the reducer components need to be fed, and to ensure safety during the feeding process, the fed reducer components also need to be protected.

[0018] The unloading mechanism includes: an unloading fixture, which is compatible with the reducer components and facilitates unloading; the unloading fixture is not shown in the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, but it is mainly compatible with the reducer components to facilitate clamping the reducer components, thereby facilitating the manual removal of the welded components; however, in case of accidents, there is a protective component that reduces the speed of the reducer components through elasticity; and a buffer component that cushions the falling components. If a component is accidentally dropped, the component is first supported by the elasticity of the protective component, and when the protective component reaches its elastic limit, the buffer component is needed to further buffer the descent speed of the protective component until the reducer components are safely caught.

[0019] The protective components include: a protective net 30 for protecting the support, made of elastic material; and multiple protective ropes 31, each fixedly connected to the four corners of the protective net 30; a buffer component connected to the protective ropes 31; the protective net 30 is not deployed in the initial state. The protective components include: a protective net 30 for protecting the reducer components, made of elastic material; and multiple protective ropes 31, each fixedly connected to the four corners of the protective net 30, with the other end of each rope fixedly connected to the frame 1. In this embodiment, the protective net 30 is designed in a spiderweb shape and made of elastic materials such as elastic ropes. The first layer of protection does not require triggering; the material itself provides initial protection. If an accident occurs, the flexible curved surface of the deployed protective net 30 meets the colliding reducer components, distributing the impact force evenly. This avoids the huge local stress caused by the point or line hard contact of traditional limit blocks, achieving a "soft landing" interception of the reducer components and maximizing the protection of their precision structure.

[0020] The buffer assembly includes: a buffer plate 32, fixedly mounted on the frame 1; two buffer plates 32 are configured, located at opposite ends of the frame 1; a buffer bag 33, filled with a liquid medium, with one end fixedly connected to the protective rope 31 and the other end fixedly connected to the buffer plate 32; firstly, the buffer bag 33 needs to be made of a flexible and wear-resistant material, and it is not necessary to use an elastic material. The liquid medium can be water or other liquids with high fluid resistance, which can increase the resistance during the pulling of the buffer bag 33, thereby improving the buffering effect on the protective net 30. In this embodiment, the purpose of using liquid is also to adopt flexible buffering to avoid damage to the reducer components caused by rigid connection; The barrier section 34 is used to reduce the speed at which the buffer bag 33 passes through, and its size is adjustable; and the reset section 35 is used to pull the buffer bag 33 back to its initial position; the cross-sectional size of the buffer bag 33 gradually decreases from the direction away from the barrier section 34, and the initial space size of the barrier section 34 is smaller than the maximum cross-sectional size of the buffer bag 33. When the protective net 30 has reached its elastic limit, the protective net 30 begins to pull the protective rope 31 to start moving. The protective rope 31 drives the buffer bag 33 to move towards the barrier section 34, and partially passes through the barrier section 34, generating liquid through compression. The enormous damping force, due to the conical shape of the buffer, increases with the depth of the stroke into the blocking part 34, resulting in a larger cross-section and more liquid to be squeezed, thus generating a greater damping force. This creates a nonlinear buffering characteristic where the damping force increases with displacement, which can smoothly and efficiently absorb all the remaining kinetic energy of the descending reducer components. This avoids the hard bottom effect and rebound that may occur at the end of compression in spring-type buffers. Unlike elastic elements that mainly store energy, liquid compression damping mainly dissipates kinetic energy in the form of heat, avoiding secondary impacts caused by energy rebound.

[0021] The barrier section 34 includes: two barrier plates 341, both of which are arc-shaped; and an energizing element for heating the barrier plates 341. The barrier plates 341 are made of shape memory alloy, such as nickel-titanium alloy. Initially, the two barrier plates 341 are positioned opposite each other. After the barrier plates 341 undergo a phase change, they become convex. The barrier plates 341 use a phase change method after special treatment of the shape memory alloy, changing from convex to concave in the initial and phase change states. During the change, the passage area of ​​the barrier section 34 is reduced, i.e., the two barrier plates 341 become mutually convex. At this time, the barrier section 34 uses a smaller space, i.e., a state of high resistance. If the two barrier plates 341 are to pass through, a greater pulling force is required. Under the action of the reaction force, the impact speed of the protective net 30 is increased and reduced. However, this embodiment still adopts a flexible approach and has an intelligent adjustment effect, thus ultimately achieving the effect of intelligently and quickly reducing the impact speed of the reducer components.

[0022] After the deceleration of the impact head is completed, the buffer bag 33 needs to be pulled back to its initial position. The reset part 35 includes: a reset rope 351, fixedly connected to the end of the buffer bag 33 away from the protective rope 31; a lever for pulling the reset rope 351 back to the initial position; and a power unit for applying power to the lever. The lever includes: a reset rod 352, rotatably connected to the buffer plate 32, and rotated away from the reset rope 351; and a torsion spring 353 for connecting the reset rod 352 and the buffer plate 32. The reset rod 352 is fixedly connected to one end of the reset rope 351 for resetting. Rope 351 is taut during movement. When the protective net 30 pulls the buffer bag 33, the reset rope 351 is also pulled toward the protective net 30, and the reset rod 352 begins to swing. Since the reset rope 351 is connected to the end of the reset rod 352 with a large swing amplitude, and the function of the torsion spring 353 is to keep the reset rope 351 taut so that the subsequent power unit can pull the buffer bag 33 through the reset rope 351, and the force of the torsion spring 353 is much smaller than the force generated by the variable during the phase change of the shape memory alloy wire 354, it cannot pull the buffer bag 33.

[0023] The power unit includes: a shape memory alloy wire 354, which is fixedly connected to the buffer plate 32; and a power block 355, which is L-shaped, or it can be U-shaped, as long as it can pull back the corresponding end of the reset rod 352. The vertical section is fixedly connected to the top of the shape memory alloy wire 354, and the horizontal section is located above the corresponding end of the reset rod 352. When the torsion spring 353 is in the initial state, the horizontal section of the power block 355 does not abut against the end of the reset rod 352. The shape memory alloy wire 354 is made of iron-nickel shape memory alloy material and is in a stretched state in the initial state. When the shape memory alloy wire 354 is heated to the phase change temperature, the shape memory alloy wire 354 begins to shrink and deform. The power block 355 is like a gripper that can pull the corresponding end of the reset rod 352 toward the buffer bag 33. At this time, the reset rope 351 can pull the buffer bag 33 toward the initial position.

[0024] The power unit also includes: a proximity switch 356, located at the bottom of the horizontal section of the power block 355; and a heating element for heating the shape memory alloy wire 354; the proximity switch 356 is electrically connected to the heating element, which can be configured to heat the shape memory alloy wire 354 by energizing it. The heating principle adopts existing technology, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment; as the buffer bag 33 is continuously pulled toward the barrier plate 341, during the buffering process, the reset rope 351 drives the reset rod 352 to swing, and during the swinging process, the end of the reset rod 352 gradually moves toward the water of the power block 355. In this embodiment, when the end of the reset rod 352 swings to the horizontal section of the power block 355 and abuts, the buffering of the reducer components is completed. At this time, the proximity switch 356 abuts against the corresponding end of the reset rod 352, the heating element is energized and heats the shape memory alloy wire 354. When the shape memory alloy wire 354 undergoes a phase change, it begins to contract and controls the power block 355 to move towards the buffer bag 33. At this time, the other end of the reset rod 352 drives the reset rope 351 and the buffer bag 33 to move towards the initial position, thereby realizing the reset of the buffer bag 33.

[0025] The implementation principle of the welding device with positioning mechanism for speed reducer processing in this application embodiment is as follows: When speed reducer parts fall due to improper operation, the protective component first performs a first-stage flexible deceleration to absorb some kinetic energy; then, the speed reducer parts, whose speed has been reduced, interact with the buffer component to perform a second-stage deep energy dissipation. The above-mentioned progressive protection mode avoids instantaneous rigid impact, smoothly decomposes the collision process into two stages, greatly improves the protection level of speed reducer parts, and significantly enhances the reliability and safety of the entire equipment under extreme failure conditions. When the protective net 30 reaches its elastic limit, it begins to pull the protective rope 31 to move. The protective rope 31 drives the buffer bag 33 to move towards the blocking part 34, and partially passes through the blocking part 34. By squeezing the liquid, a huge damping force is generated. Since the buffer bag 33 is conical, the deeper it is pulled into the blocking part 34, the larger its cross-section becomes, and the more liquid needs to be squeezed, resulting in a greater damping force. This forms a nonlinear buffer characteristic where the damping force increases with the displacement. It can smoothly and efficiently absorb all the remaining kinetic energy of the reducer components as they descend, avoiding the hard bottom effect and rebound that may occur at the end of the compression of the spring-type buffer. Unlike elastic elements, which mainly store energy, liquid compression damping mainly dissipates kinetic energy in the form of heat, avoiding secondary impacts caused by energy rebound. During the buffering process, the reset rope 351 drives the reset rod 352 to swing. During the swing, the end of the reset rod 352 gradually moves towards the horizontal section of the power block 355. In this embodiment, it is set that when the end of the reset rod 352 swings to the position where it abuts the horizontal section of the power block 355, the buffering of the reducer components is completed. At this time, the proximity switch 356 abuts against the corresponding end of the reset rod 352. At this time, it is necessary to stop the driving of the reducer components in time, and the heating element is energized and heats the shape memory alloy wire 354. When the shape memory alloy wire 354 undergoes a phase change, it begins to contract and controls the power block 355 to move towards the buffer bag 33. At this time, the other end of the reset rod 352 drives the reset rope 351 and the buffer bag 33 to move towards the initial position, realizing the reset of the buffer bag 33.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," "third," and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. The terms "an" or "a" and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "comprising" or "including" and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Above," "below," "left," "right," etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0027] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A welding device for machine tooling with a positioning mechanism, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a welding device for speed reducer parts, which comprises a rack, a welding device for welding speed reducer parts, a clamping mechanism for clamping and supporting the speed reducer parts, and a discharging mechanism for discharging the welded speed reducer parts. The discharging mechanism comprises a discharging tool that is adapted to the speed reducer parts and facilitates discharging, a protective assembly that reduces the speed of the speed reducer parts by elasticity, and a buffer assembly that buffers the falling speed reducer parts. The protective assembly comprises a protective net made of elastic material for protecting the speed reducer parts, and a plurality of protective ropes fixedly connected to the four corners of the protective net. The buffer assembly is connected to the protective ropes, and the protective net is not unfolded in the initial state. The buffer assembly comprises a buffer plate fixedly arranged on a support, a buffer bag filled with a liquid medium, one end of which is fixedly connected to the protective rope and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the buffer plate, a barrier part for reducing the speed of the buffer bag passing through and having an adjustable space size, and a reset part for pulling the buffer bag back to the initial position. The cross-sectional size of the buffer bag gradually decreases from the direction towards the barrier part. The barrier part comprises two barrier sheets arranged in an arc shape, and an electrified part for electrifying and heating the barrier sheets. The barrier sheets are made of memory alloy, and the two barrier sheets are oppositely arranged in the initial state. The reset part comprises a reset rope fixedly connected to one end of the buffer bag away from the protective rope, a lever for pulling the reset rope back to the initial position, and a power assembly for applying power to the lever. The lever comprises a reset rod rotatably connected to the buffer plate and arranged away from the reset rope, and a torsional spring for connecting the reset rod and the buffer plate.

2. The welding apparatus with a positioning mechanism for a speed reducer machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reset rod is fixedly connected to one end of the reset rope, and the reset rope is in a straightened state during movement. The power assembly comprises a memory alloy wire fixedly connected to the buffer plate, and a power block arranged in an L shape, with a vertical segment fixedly connected to the top end of the memory alloy wire and a horizontal segment arranged above the corresponding end of the reset rod. The horizontal segment of the power block does not abut against the end of the reset rod in the initial state of the torsional spring. The power assembly further comprises a proximity switch arranged at the bottom of the horizontal segment of the power block, and a heating part for heating the memory alloy wire.

3. The welding apparatus with a positioning mechanism for a speed reducer machining according to claim 2, characterized in that, The proximity switch is electrically connected to the heating part. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4. The welding apparatus with a positioning mechanism for a speed reducer machining according to claim 3, characterized in that, ​ ​ ​ ​ 5. The welding apparatus with a positioning mechanism for a speed reducer according to claim 4, wherein ​ ​ ​ ​ 6. The welding apparatus with a positioning mechanism for a speed reducer machining according to claim 5, characterized in that, ​ ​ ​ ​ 7. The welding apparatus with a positioning mechanism for a speed reducer according to claim 6, wherein ​ ​ ​ ​ 8. The welding apparatus with a positioning mechanism for a speed reducer according to claim 7, wherein ​ ​ ​ ​

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