Steel rail welding seam polishing device and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of polishing devices, and discloses a steel rail welding seam polishing device and a control method.The steel rail welding seam polishing device comprises a fence, and a polishing assembly is arranged in the fence; the polishing assembly comprises a bottom frame, a movable plate, a side face polishing unit and a bottom face polishing unit, a position adjusting unit is arranged between the bottom frame and the movable plate, two sets of stand columns and a rectangular box are fixedly installed at the top end of the movable plate, and an air cylinder is arranged between the two sets of stand columns. A servo motor, a lead screw, a first linear sliding rail, an air cylinder, a second linear sliding rail, a guide rod, a stepping motor, a second rotating motor and other parts are arranged, the servo motor drives the lead screw to drive a movable plate to move precisely, the air cylinder adjusts the transverse distance of a rectangular box, a double-guide structure limits the movement track, and precise power output of the double motors is matched; and the first grinding roller and the second grinding roller are precisely aligned to the weld joint to adapt to steel rails and weld joint positions of different specifications, multi-directional collaborative polishing is achieved, and the weld joint polishing precision and flatness are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polishing equipment technology, and in particular to a rail weld polishing device and control method. Background Technology

[0002] The rail weld polishing device is a key post-processing equipment in the production, laying and maintenance of rails. It is mainly used to grind and polish the protruding welds, oxide scale and impurities at the rail weld joints, so as to restore the smoothness and integrity of the rail surface.

[0003] The existing rail weld polishing equipment has the following defects during use:

[0004] 1. The existing equipment lacks a precise displacement adjustment mechanism, which makes it impossible to flexibly adjust the position of the grinding components according to the width of different specifications of rails and the position of the weld. The movement trajectory of the grinding wheel is prone to deviation, resulting in uneven polishing depth of the weld and the existence of polishing dead corners.

[0005] 2. During the grinding process, metal shavings fly out severely, posing a safety hazard of operators accidentally touching the high-speed grinding parts. In addition, the dust removal mechanism is poorly designed, with a long dust capture distance and low collection efficiency, resulting in a large amount of dust spreading into the working environment, which endangers the health of operators and causes environmental pollution.

[0006] 3. The device lacks an integrated control unit, making it impossible to monitor key operating parameters in real time. Parameter adjustment relies on manual operation, resulting in low control accuracy. Furthermore, the equipment maintenance channel is poorly designed, and component disassembly and assembly are cumbersome, leading to time-consuming and labor-intensive debugging and maintenance.

[0007] Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a rail weld polishing device and control method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention mainly addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a rail weld polishing device and control method.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a rail weld polishing device, comprising a enclosure installed on the ground, transmission components for conveying rails are provided on both sides of the enclosure, and a polishing component for polishing rails is provided inside the enclosure; the transmission components include a first mounting base, a rotating roller, and a first rotating motor, the rotating roller being movably installed in the cavity of the first mounting base, and the first rotating motor driving the rotating roller to rotate; the polishing component includes a base frame, a moving plate, a side polishing unit, and a bottom polishing unit, a position adjustment unit being provided between the base frame and the moving plate, two sets of columns and a rectangular box being fixedly installed at the top of the moving plate, and a cylinder for position-pushing the rectangular box being provided between the two sets of columns; the side polishing unit includes a first driving part and a first grinding roller, and the bottom polishing unit includes a second driving part and a second grinding roller, the first driving part including a stepper motor, and the second driving part including a second rotating motor; the position adjustment unit includes a first linear slide rail and a lead screw, the lead screw movably passing through the moving plate.

[0010] Preferably, support legs are fixedly installed at all four corners of the base frame, and the base frame is placed on the ground by the support legs. The movable plate is located above the base frame. There are two first linear slide rails, which are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the first rotary motor. The bottom sides of the movable plate are in a movable engagement relationship with the first linear slide rails.

[0011] Preferably, a crossbeam is fixedly installed inside the bottom frame cavity, a second mounting block is fixedly installed at the top of the crossbeam, a first mounting block is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom frame, a lead screw is movably installed between the first mounting block and the second mounting block, a servo motor is fixedly installed on one side of the first mounting block, the output shaft of the servo motor movably passes through the first mounting block and is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw, and the lead screw and the moving plate are connected by a thread.

[0012] Preferably, the two sets of rectangular boxes are symmetrical, and a second linear slide rail is fixedly installed at the top of the movable plate. The bottom ends of the two sets of rectangular boxes are in a movable engagement relationship with the second linear slide rail, which plays a limiting and guiding role in the movement of the rectangular boxes.

[0013] Preferably, the two sets of columns are symmetrical, and a guide rod is fixedly installed between the two sets of columns. The guide rod moves through the two sets of rectangular boxes, and the guide rod is parallel to the second linear slide rail and perpendicular to the two sets of rectangular boxes. The two sets of rectangular boxes are hollow.

[0014] Preferably, there are two sets of cylinders, which are fixedly installed on the side of the two sets of columns that are close to each other. The telescopic ends of the two sets of cylinders are fixedly connected to the corresponding rectangular boxes, thereby pushing the corresponding rectangular boxes to move.

[0015] Preferably, stepper motors are fixed inside both sets of rectangular boxes, and a rotating spindle is fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motors. A first protective cover is fixedly installed on the top of both sets of rectangular boxes. The top of the rotating spindle passes through the top of the rectangular box through a bearing and is fixedly connected to the first grinding roller. The first grinding roller polishes the rail weld during rotation. The first grinding roller is located inside the corresponding first protective cover.

[0016] Preferably, a second mounting base is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate, and a second grinding roller is movably installed between the second mounting bases. A second protective cover is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the second grinding roller. A second rotary motor is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate. A drive wheel is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the second rotary motor. A driven wheel is fixedly installed at one end of the central shaft of the second grinding roller. The drive wheel and the driven wheel are both fitted with a belt.

[0017] Preferably, two sets of side doors are movably connected to one side of the enclosure via hinges. Rectangular slots are opened through both sides of the enclosure, through which steel rails enter and exit. An electrical box and a control box are also fixedly installed on the outside of the enclosure. The electrical box is connected to two sets of first mounting blocks via air pipes. A display screen and control buttons are integrated on the top of the control box. The control box is electrically connected to the first rotary motor, servo motor, second rotary motor, and stepper motor. A high-power centrifugal fan for dust removal is installed inside the enclosure cavity. A mounting bracket is fixedly installed between the outer wall of the high-power centrifugal fan and the inner wall of the enclosure. Multiple sets of corrugated pipes are connected through the bottom of the high-power centrifugal fan. Dust collection hoods are connected through the bottom of the multiple sets of corrugated pipes. The multiple sets of dust collection hoods are close to the corresponding first and second grinding rollers. A slag discharge pipe is connected through the outer wall of the high-power centrifugal fan.

[0018] A control method for a rail weld polishing device includes:

[0019] Step 1: Start the first rotary motor through the control box. The first rotary motor drives the rotary roller to rotate, sending the rail into the enclosure. Step 2: Adjust the distance between the two sets of rectangular boxes through the electrical box and cylinder, so that the two sets of first grinding rollers are close to the sides of the rail. Step 3: Start the stepper motor to drive the first grinding roller to rotate and polish the sides of the rail. Start the second rotary motor to rotate the second grinding roller and polish the bottom of the rail. Start the high-power centrifugal fan to absorb the dust and impurities generated during the polishing process through the corrugated pipe and dust collection hood.

[0020] Beneficial effects

[0021] This invention provides a rail weld polishing device and control method. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) This invention sets up components such as a servo motor, a lead screw, a first linear slide rail, a cylinder, a second linear slide rail, a guide rod, a stepper motor, and a second rotary motor. The servo motor drives the lead screw to move the moving plate precisely, the cylinder adjusts the lateral spacing of the rectangular box, the double guide structure restricts the movement trajectory, and the dual motors provide precise power output, so that the first grinding roller and the second grinding roller are precisely aligned with the weld. It is suitable for different specifications of steel rails and weld positions, realizes multi-directional collaborative polishing, avoids polishing dead corners and uneven depth, and significantly improves the polishing accuracy and flatness of the weld.

[0023] (2) By setting up enclosures, first protective covers and second protective covers, the enclosures create a closed working space and the protective covers specifically shield the high-speed rotating grinding rollers. This not only effectively blocks the splashing of metal shavings generated during polishing and prevents operators from accidentally touching high-speed components and causing injury, but also prevents external impurities from entering the grinding area, forming a comprehensive safety protection system and greatly improving the safety of the operation and the cleanliness of the polishing environment.

[0024] (3) By setting up components such as high-power centrifugal fans, dust collection hoods, corrugated pipes and slag discharge pipes, the dust collection hoods are close to the polishing area to capture dust, the flexible corrugated pipes are adapted to the movement of the polishing components, and the fans generate negative pressure to quickly discharge and collect the dust, effectively reducing the dust concentration in the working environment, avoiding dust diffusion and pollution, protecting the health of operators, and taking into account both environmental protection and optimization of the working environment.

[0025] (4) By setting up control operation box (including PLC controller, display screen, control buttons) and side door, the display screen can display key parameters such as motor speed and cylinder stroke in real time. The control buttons can conveniently input control commands. The PLC controller can realize the coordinated operation of each component. The side door can facilitate equipment inspection and maintenance, which not only improves the ease of operation and parameter controllability, but also shortens the equipment debugging and maintenance time and improves the overall work efficiency.

[0026] (5) By setting up components such as support legs, bearings, and belt drive structure, the support legs achieve horizontal leveling and stable support of the device, the bearings reduce wear of rotating parts, the belt drive buffers vibration, and the key components are reasonably arranged and easy to disassemble and replace, which not only ensures the stability and durability of the equipment in long-term operation, but also reduces the maintenance and replacement cost of vulnerable parts and extends the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a top view of a rail weld polishing device according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a rail weld polishing device according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a rear view of a rail weld polishing device according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a right view of a rail weld polishing device according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a front view schematic diagram of the polishing component of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a right-side schematic diagram of the polishing assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the polishing component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first driving part of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the column, guide rod, and cylinder of the present invention.

[0036] Legend:

[0037] 10. Enclosure; 11. Side door; 12. Electrical box; 13. Control box; 14. Polishing assembly; 15. High-power centrifugal fan; 16. Mounting bracket; 17. Display screen; 18. Control button; 19. First mounting base; 20. Rotary roller; 21. First rotary motor; 22. Rectangular groove; 23. Base frame; 24. Support leg; 25. Moving plate; 26. First linear guide rail; 27. First mounting block; 28. Second mounting block; 29. ​​Lead screw; 30. Servo motor; 31. Column; 32. Rectangular box; 33. First protective cover; 34. Second linear guide rail; 35. Crossbeam; 36. Guide rod; 37. Cylinder; 38. First grinding roller; 40. Second grinding roller; 41. Second protective cover; 42. Second mounting base; 43. Second rotary motor; 44. Stepper motor; 45. Rotary spindle; 46. Corrugated pipe; 47. Dust collection hood. Detailed Implementation

[0038] like Figure 1-9As shown: A rail weld polishing device includes a enclosure 10, which is installed on the ground to form a closed working space, effectively preventing polishing debris from splashing and dust from escaping. Both sides of the enclosure 10 are equipped with transmission components for conveying the rails, ensuring continuous rail feeding. The transmission components include a first mounting base 19, a rotating roller 20, and a first rotating motor 21. The rotating roller 20 is movably installed within the cavity of the first mounting base 19, and the first rotating motor 21 drives... The rotating roller 20 rotates, and a polishing component 14 for polishing the rails is installed inside the enclosure 10 to achieve the core polishing function. Two sets of side doors 11 are movably connected to one side of the enclosure 10 via hinges, which facilitates the operation of personnel to enter the device for equipment inspection, maintenance and rail positioning adjustment. Rectangular grooves 22 are opened through both sides of the enclosure 10. The rails enter and exit the enclosure 10 through the rectangular grooves 22. The size of the rectangular grooves 22 is adapted to the cross-section of the rails, providing a stable entry and exit channel for the rails and ensuring that the rails do not deviate in posture during transportation. The rails smoothly enter and exit the enclosure 10 through the rectangular grooves 22.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 2-4 An electrical box 12 and a control box 13 are fixedly installed on the outside of the enclosure 10. The electrical box 12 is connected to two sets of first mounting blocks 27 via air pipes. The top of the control box 13 is integrated with a display screen 17 and control buttons 18. A PLC controller is installed inside the control box 13. The control box 13 is electrically connected to the first rotary motor 21, the servo motor 30, the second rotary motor 43, and the stepper motor 44. A high-power centrifugal fan 15 for dust removal is installed inside the enclosure 10. A mounting bracket 16 is fixedly installed between the outer wall of the high-power centrifugal fan 15 and the inner wall of the enclosure 10. Multiple sets of corrugated pipes 46 are connected to the bottom of the machine 15. The corrugated pipes 46 have flexible and deformable characteristics, which can adapt to the movement of the dust collection hood 47 with the polishing component 14. The bottom of the multiple sets of corrugated pipes 46 is connected to the dust collection hood 47. The multiple sets of dust collection hoods 47 are close to the corresponding first polishing roller 38 and second polishing roller 40. One end of the dust collection hood 47 is welded and fixed to the frame of the corresponding first protective cover 33 and second protective cover 41, so as to achieve close-range and efficient capture of dust and debris. The outer wall of the high-power centrifugal fan 15 is connected to the slag discharge pipe, which is used to discharge the collected dust and debris to the designated collection device to avoid accumulation and affect the operation of the equipment. By setting up the electrical box 12 and the control box 13, the electrical and control functions of the device are integrated. The combination of the display screen 17 and the control buttons 18 improves the ease of operation and parameter controllability of the device, ensuring that operators can keep abreast of the device's operating status and make quick adjustments. The high-power centrifugal fan 15, the corrugated pipe 46 and the dust collection hood 47 enable close-range and efficient dust capture and removal, improving dust capture efficiency, effectively reducing the dust concentration in the working environment, and protecting the health of operators.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 5-6 Support legs 24 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the base frame 23. The base frame 23 is placed on the ground by the support legs 24. The support legs 24 play a role in stabilizing and leveling, lifting the base frame 23 off the ground to prevent impurities and water accumulation from affecting the operation of the equipment, while ensuring the overall horizontality of the device. The moving plate 25 is located above the base frame 23. The moving plate 25 is used to support the core component of the polishing assembly 14. There are two first linear slide rails 26. The two first linear slide rails 26 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the first rotary motor 21. The bottom sides of the moving plate 25 are in a movable engagement relationship with the first linear slide rails 26, providing precise guidance and low friction support for the horizontal movement of the moving plate 25. A crossbeam 35 is fixedly installed inside the cavity of the bottom frame 23. A second mounting block 28 is fixedly installed at the top of the crossbeam 35. A first mounting block 27 is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom frame 23. A lead screw 29 is movably installed between the first mounting block 27 and the second mounting block 28. A servo motor 30 is fixedly installed on one side of the first mounting block 27. The output shaft of the servo motor 30 movably passes through the first mounting block 27 and is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 29. The lead screw 29 and the moving plate 25 are connected by a thread. By setting the transmission combination of the servo motor 30 and the lead screw 29, the displacement of the moving plate 25 is highly controllable. The position of the moving plate 25 can be flexibly adjusted according to the lateral position of the rail weld, ensuring that the first grinding roller 38 and the second grinding roller 40 can be accurately aligned with the weld area, greatly improving the accuracy of the polishing operation and the adaptability to different weld positions.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 Two sets of rectangular boxes 32 are symmetrically arranged and used to install the first grinding roller 38 and the first drive unit. A second linear slide rail 34 is also fixedly installed at the top of the moving plate 25. The bottom ends of the two sets of rectangular boxes 32 are in a movable engagement relationship with the second linear slide rail 34. The second linear slide rail 34 plays a limiting and guiding role in the movement of the rectangular boxes 32, providing precise guidance for the lateral movement of the rectangular boxes 32, restricting the rectangular boxes 32 to move only along the direction of the second linear slide rail 34, and preventing deviation. Two sets of columns 31 are symmetrically arranged, and a guide rod 36 is fixedly installed between the two sets of columns 31. The guide rod 36 movably passes through the two sets of rectangular boxes 32. The guide rod 36 is parallel to the second linear slide rail 34 and perpendicular to the two sets of rectangular boxes 32. The two sets of rectangular boxes 32 are hollow. By setting up a dual guide and restriction design with guide rod 36 and second linear slide rail 34, the movement trajectory of rectangular box 32 is restricted, ensuring the accuracy of the movement direction and the stability of the movement of rectangular box 32, and avoiding problems such as tilting and offset that affect polishing accuracy.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 8Both rectangular boxes 32 have stepper motors 44 fixed inside. The stepper motors 44 have high-precision speed adjustment and positioning functions, providing stable and precisely controllable rotational power for the first grinding roller 38. The output end of the stepper motor 44 is fixedly connected to a rotating spindle 45. The top of both rectangular boxes 32 is fixedly installed with a first protective cover 33 to block metal debris from splashing during the polishing of the first grinding roller 38, and to prevent the operator from accidentally touching the high-speed rotating first grinding roller 38, forming a safety protection barrier. The top of the rotating spindle 45 passes through the top of the rectangular box 32 through a bearing and is fixedly inserted through the first grinding roller 38. During the rotation of the first grinding roller 38, the rail weld is polished. The first grinding roller 38 is located inside the corresponding first protective cover 33. A stepper motor 44 drives the first grinding roller 38 to rotate via a rotating spindle 45. The stepper motor 44 has high-precision speed adjustment and positioning functions, enabling stepless adjustment of the speed of the first grinding roller 38. This adapts to different rail materials, weld thicknesses, and polishing precision requirements, improving the process adaptability of the device. The first protective cover 33 effectively blocks the spread of metal debris, protecting the surrounding environment and the safety of operators, while also preventing external dust and impurities from entering the grinding area and affecting the polishing effect.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 7 A second mounting base 42 is fixedly installed at the top of the movable plate 25. A second grinding roller 40 is movably installed between the second mounting bases 42. A second protective cover 41 is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the second grinding roller 40. A second rotary motor 43 is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate 25. A drive wheel is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the second rotary motor 43. A driven wheel is fixedly installed at one end of the central shaft of the second grinding roller 40. The drive wheel and the driven wheel are both fitted with a belt. When the second rotary motor 43 is working, it drives the drive wheel to rotate. The drive wheel and the driven wheel are both fitted with a belt. Through belt transmission, the second grinding roller 40, which is movably installed between the second mounting bases 42, rotates. The rotation of the second grinding roller 40 polishes the bottom of the rail, improving the overall polishing.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 9 There are two sets of cylinders 37, which are fixedly installed on the sides of the two sets of columns 31 that are close to each other. The telescopic ends of the two sets of cylinders 37 are fixedly connected to the corresponding rectangular boxes 32, thereby pushing the corresponding rectangular boxes 32 to move. The cylinders 37 can quickly adjust the lateral position of the first grinding roller 38, which can significantly shorten the changeover time, improve the adaptability of the device to different specifications of rails, and enhance its versatility. The thrust of the cylinders 37 is stable and can be adjusted by air pressure, so that the first grinding roller 38 and the rail weld maintain a constant contact pressure, avoiding uneven polishing depth caused by pressure fluctuations, and further optimizing polishing quality and process stability.

[0045] The implementation principle of the rail weld polishing device of the present invention is as follows:

[0046] First, the device is placed stably on the work surface using the support legs 24 at the four corners of the base frame 23. The support legs 24 are used to level the device to ensure that the overall level is maintained and to prevent impurities or water accumulation on the ground from affecting operation. The operator enters the device through the side door 11 on one side of the enclosure 10, inspects the polishing assembly 14, and then closes the side door 11. The operator inputs the rail specifications (width, thickness), weld position, and polishing precision parameters through the display screen 17 and control buttons 18 of the control box 13. After receiving the command, the PLC controller in the control box 13 drives the lead screw 29 to rotate in coordination with the servo motor 30, which drives the moving plate 25 to move precisely along the first linear slide rail 26, so that the polishing assembly 14 is initially aligned with the transverse area of ​​the rail weld. At the same time, the cylinder 37 adjusts the transverse spacing of the two sets of rectangular boxes 32 according to the rail width to ensure that the first grinding roller 38 is adapted to both sides of the rail.

[0047] Then, the steel rail to be processed is placed into the transmission assembly through the rectangular slots 22 on both sides of the enclosure 10. After the transmission assembly is started, it drives the steel rail to be fed smoothly and continuously. At the same time, the high-power centrifugal fan 15 is started, and the dust collection hood 47 welded to the frame of the first protective cover 33 and the second protective cover 41 captures the dust and debris generated in the polishing area at close range. The dust is collected into the high-power centrifugal fan 15 through the corrugated pipe 46 with flexible and deformable characteristics, and then discharged to the collection bucket through the slag discharge pipe. The stepper motor 44 drives the rotating spindle 45 to drive the first grinding roller 38 to a high position. The second rotary motor 43 drives the second grinding roller 40 to rotate synchronously via belt drive. The two sets of first grinding rollers 38 move smoothly along the double guide trajectory of the second linear slide rail 34 and guide rod 36 with the rectangular box 32, forming a coordinated polishing layout with the second grinding roller 40, fully covering the rail weld and surrounding area, and achieving precise grinding. During the process, the display screen 17 displays parameters such as the speed of the stepper motor 44 and the second rotary motor 43, the stroke of the cylinder 37 and the air volume of the high-power centrifugal fan 15 in real time, which is convenient for the operator to make dynamic adjustments.

[0048] Finally, after the rail polishing is completed, it is conveyed out of the enclosure 10 via the transmission component. The operator confirms the polishing effect through the display screen 17. If secondary polishing is required, the parameters can be readjusted and the operation repeated. The power supply of the equipment is turned off, the dust and debris in the dust collection device are cleaned, and the slag discharge pipe is checked for unobstructedness. The operator enters the enclosure 10 through the side door 11 to check the wear condition of the first polishing roller 38 and the second polishing roller 40, as well as the operation of vulnerable parts such as belts and bearings. Necessary replacements or maintenance are carried out to ensure the stability of the equipment in the next operation.

[0049] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A rail weld polishing device, comprising a enclosure (10), characterized in that: The enclosure (10) is installed on the ground. Both sides of the enclosure (10) are equipped with transmission components for conveying the rails, and the enclosure (10) is equipped with polishing components (14) for polishing the rails. The transmission assembly includes a first mounting base (19), a rotating roller (20), and a first rotating motor (21). The rotating roller (20) is movably installed in the cavity of the first mounting base (19). The first rotating motor (21) drives the rotating roller (20) to rotate. The polishing assembly (14) includes a base frame (23), a moving plate (25), a side polishing unit, and a bottom polishing unit. A position adjustment unit is provided between the base frame (23) and the moving plate (25). Two sets of columns (31) and a rectangular box (32) are fixedly installed on the top of the moving plate (25). A cylinder (37) is provided between the two sets of columns (31) to push the rectangular box (32) to a position. The side polishing unit includes a first driving part and a first polishing roller (38), and the bottom polishing unit includes a second driving part and a second polishing roller (40). The first driving part includes a stepper motor (44), and the second driving part includes a second rotary motor (43). The position adjustment unit includes a first linear slide rail (26) and a lead screw (29), with the lead screw (29) moving through the moving plate (25).

2. The rail weld polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four corners of the base frame (23) are fixedly equipped with support legs (24). The base frame (23) is placed on the ground by the support legs (24). The movable plate (25) is located above the base frame (23). There are two first linear slide rails (26). The two first linear slide rails (26) are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the first rotary motor (21). The bottom sides of the movable plate (25) are in a movable engagement relationship with the first linear slide rails (26).

3. The rail weld polishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A crossbeam (35) is fixedly installed inside the cavity of the bottom frame (23). A second mounting block (28) is fixedly installed at the top of the crossbeam (35). A first mounting block (27) is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom frame (23). A lead screw (29) is movably installed between the first mounting block (27) and the second mounting block (28). A servo motor (30) is fixedly installed on one side of the first mounting block (27). The output shaft of the servo motor (30) movably passes through the first mounting block (27) and is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw (29). The lead screw (29) and the moving plate (25) are connected by a thread.

4. The rail weld polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sets of rectangular boxes (32) are symmetrical. A second linear slide rail (34) is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate (25). The bottom of the two sets of rectangular boxes (32) and the second linear slide rail (34) are in a movable engagement relationship. The second linear slide rail (34) plays a limiting and guiding role in the movement of the rectangular boxes (32).

5. The rail weld polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sets of columns (31) are symmetrical. A guide rod (36) is fixedly installed between the two sets of columns (31). The guide rod (36) moves through the two sets of rectangular boxes (32). The guide rod (36) is parallel to the second linear slide rail (34). The guide rod (36) is perpendicular to the two sets of rectangular boxes (32). The two sets of rectangular boxes (32) are hollow.

6. The rail weld polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (37) consists of two sets. The two sets of cylinders (37) are fixedly installed on the side of the two sets of columns (31) that are close to each other. The telescopic ends of the two sets of cylinders (37) are fixedly connected to the corresponding rectangular box (32), thereby pushing the corresponding rectangular box (32) to move.

7. The rail weld polishing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both sets of rectangular boxes (32) are equipped with stepper motors (44) fixed inside their cavities. The output end of the stepper motors (44) is fixedly connected to a rotating spindle (45). The top of both sets of rectangular boxes (32) is fixedly installed with a first protective cover (33). The top of the rotating spindle (45) passes through the top of the rectangular box (32) through a bearing and is fixedly connected to the first grinding roller (38). The first grinding roller (38) polishes the rail weld during its rotation. The first grinding roller (38) is located inside the corresponding first protective cover (33).

8. The rail weld polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the movable plate (25) is also fixedly installed with a second mounting base (42), and a second grinding roller (40) is movably installed between the second mounting bases (42). A second protective cover (41) is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the second grinding roller (40). A second rotary motor (43) is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate (25). The output shaft of the second rotary motor (43) is fixedly installed with a drive wheel. A driven wheel is fixedly installed at one end of the central shaft of the second grinding roller (40). The drive wheel and the driven wheel are fitted with a belt together.

9. The rail weld polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enclosure (10) has two sets of side doors (11) connected to one side by hinges. Rectangular slots (22) are opened through both sides of the enclosure (10). The steel rails enter and exit the enclosure (10) through the rectangular slots (22). An electrical box (12) and a control operation box (13) are also fixedly installed on the outside of the enclosure (10). The electrical box (12) is connected to two sets of first mounting blocks (27) through air pipes. The top of the control operation box (13) is integrated with a display screen (17) and control buttons (18). The control operation box (13) is connected to the first rotary motor (21), the servo motor (30), and the second rotary motor (21). 43) and stepper motor (44) are connected by electrical signal. A high-power centrifugal fan (15) for dust removal is installed in the cavity of the enclosure (10). An installation bracket (16) is fixedly installed between the outer wall of the high-power centrifugal fan (15) and the inner wall of the enclosure (10). Multiple sets of corrugated pipes (46) are connected through the bottom of the high-power centrifugal fan (15). Dust collection hoods (47) are connected through the bottom of the multiple sets of corrugated pipes (46). Multiple sets of dust collection hoods (47) are close to the corresponding first grinding roller (38) and second grinding roller (40). A slag discharge pipe is connected through the outer wall of the high-power centrifugal fan (15).

10. A control method for a rail weld polishing device, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Start the first rotary motor (21) through the control box (13) to start the operation. The first rotary motor (21) drives the rotary roller (20) to rotate and send the rail into the enclosure (10); Step 2: Adjust the distance between the two sets of rectangular boxes (32) by using the electrical box (12) and the cylinder (37) so that the two sets of first grinding rollers (38) are close to the sides of the rail; Step 3: Start the stepper motor (44) to drive the first grinding roller (38) to rotate and polish both sides of the rail. Start the second rotary motor (43) to make the second grinding roller (40) rotate and polish the bottom of the rail. Start the high-power centrifugal fan (15) to absorb the dust and impurities generated during the polishing process through the corrugated pipe (46) and dust collection hood (47).

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