Energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer, involving directional drilling technical field, including centralizer, upper cylinder, lower cylinder, center tube, main piston and electromagnetic reversing mechanism.The centralizer can be supported on well wall, to limit the position of drill bit in borehole;The centralizer is installed on the outside of lower cylinder, and hydraulic passage and hydraulic actuator corresponding with the centralizer are arranged in lower cylinder, and hydraulic pressure is applied to hydraulic actuator through hydraulic passage, to drive the centralizer to slide along the radial direction of lower cylinder;Upper cylinder is connected to the outside of the upper end of lower cylinder, and center tube is connected to the inside of the upper end of lower cylinder;Electromagnetic reversing mechanism is installed in the inside of upper cylinder;Main piston is slidably arranged between upper cylinder and center tube and below electromagnetic reversing mechanism.The utility model designs a stabilizer with variable diameter, which can realize variable diameter without tripping, thereby greatly reducing construction workload, promoting shale gas exploitation energy saving and consumption reduction, quality improvement and efficiency increase.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of directional drilling, in particular to an energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of shale gas exploitation, directional drilling technology is needed to control the drilling direction of the drill bit, so as to perform drop angle, stable angle or increase angle operation when the inclination angle or azimuth angle changes abnormally.

[0003] The stabilizer is a necessary equipment for shale gas exploitation to help control the drilling direction of the drill bit. By changing the outer diameter of the stabilizer, the drilling state of the drill bit can be intervened, so as to control the drilling direction.

[0004] The outer diameter of the traditional stabilizer is fixed. When drilling, when the inclination angle or azimuth angle changes abnormally, the drill pipe and drilling tool need to be pulled out to replace the stabilizer with different diameters, so as to change the outer diameter of the stabilizer. The tripping operation not only greatly increases the construction period, but also greatly increases the material consumption and energy consumption, which is extremely inconsistent with the environmental protection requirements of building a low-carbon oilfield.

[0005] In addition, the patent application number 202110930052.9 of the invention patent applied by China Petroleum Natural Gas Group Co., Ltd. discloses a variable-diameter stabilizer based on motor control, but the hydraulic control mode of this stabilizer has poor reliability, and even it is difficult to work normally, and it is also difficult to apply in actual production. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides an energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer, which aims to design a stabilizer with variable diameter, so that the stabilizer does not need to be replaced during drilling, thereby simplifying the construction process, reducing the construction steps, and ultimately achieving the environmental protection goal of energy saving and consumption reduction.

[0007] The technical problem solved by the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0008] An energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer, comprising:

[0009] The righting block can be supported on the well wall, thereby limiting the position of the drill bit in the wellbore;

[0010] The lower cylinder, the righting block is installed on the outer side of the lower cylinder, the lower cylinder is provided with a hydraulic channel and a hydraulic actuator corresponding to the righting block, and the hydraulic actuator is driven by the hydraulic channel to slide along the radial direction of the lower cylinder;

[0011] The upper cylinder and the center pipe, the upper cylinder is connected to the outer side of the upper end of the lower cylinder, and the center pipe is connected to the inner side of the upper end of the lower cylinder;

[0012] The electromagnetic reversing mechanism is installed inside the upper cylinder and comprises a valve body and a valve core, which together form a two-position four-way reversing valve.

[0013] The main piston is slidably arranged between the upper cylinder and the center pipe and below the electromagnetic reversing mechanism, and the outer side of the main piston is provided with an upper sealing platform and a lower sealing platform, and a fixed sealing ring is arranged between the upper sealing platform and the lower sealing platform, the outer side of the fixed sealing ring is fixedly and sealingly connected with the upper cylinder, the inner side of the fixed sealing ring is in sliding sealing cooperation with the main piston, the upper and lower sides of the upper sealing platform are both provided with hydraulic cavities, and the two hydraulic cavities are both connected with a hydraulic system in which the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is arranged, and the in-out direction of liquid in the two hydraulic cavities can be controlled to drive the main piston to move upward or downward, the space below the lower sealing platform is in communication with the hydraulic passage, and the space is filled with hydraulic oil, and after the main piston moves, the volume change of the space below the lower sealing platform makes the hydraulic actuator perform an execution action, so that the centralizing block slides along the radial direction of the lower cylinder.

[0014] As a preferred solution, at least three mounting grooves are machined on the outer circumference of the lower cylinder, and one of the centralizing blocks is slidably arranged in each of the mounting grooves, and after being mounted, a piston-type hydraulic actuator is formed between the centralizing block and the mounting groove.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is powered by a storage battery and controlled by a ground remote control.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is powered by a cable extending from the ground to the downhole.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the valve body is sequentially provided with an interface A, an interface B, an interface C, an interface D and an interface E from top to bottom, wherein the interface A is in communication with the space above the valve body, the interface B is in communication with the space below the upper sealing platform, the interface C is in communication with the space outside the upper cylinder, the interface D is in communication with the space above the main piston, and the interface E is in communication with the space above the valve body.

[0018] As a preferred solution, the upper end of the valve body is provided with a first communication pipe, the upper end of the first communication pipe is in communication with the space above the valve body, and the lower end of the first communication pipe is in communication with the interface E.

[0019] The lower end of the valve body is provided with a second communication pipe, the upper end of the second communication pipe is in communication with the interface B, and the lower end of the second communication pipe is in communication with the space below the upper sealing platform after penetrating through the upper sealing platform of the main piston.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0021] 1. The present application designs a stabilizer with variable diameter, which can change the position of the stabilizer upper centralizer block without tripping, realize variable diameter, so as to more accurately control the drilling direction of the drill bit in the shale gas exploitation process, greatly reduce the construction workload, promote shale gas exploitation energy saving and consumption reduction, quality improvement and efficiency increase, and meet the requirements of oilfield low-carbon environmental protection.

[0022] 2. The present application innovatively applies the electromagnetic reversing mechanism in the stabilizer, and through the reversing action of the electromagnetic reversing mechanism, the switching of the liquid flow direction can be realized, so as to control the inflow and outflow of the liquid on both sides of the upper sealing table, realize the switching of the sliding direction of the main piston, and further realize the switching of the sliding direction of the centralizer block. This hydraulic control mode is reliable in work, has low sealing requirement between the valve core and the valve body, and has high practicability.

[0023] 3. The valve core in the present application adopts an electromagnetic control mode, avoids using a motor, and greatly reduces the length and weight of the tool as a whole, and simplifies the structure. Meanwhile, compared with the motor, the electromagnetic reversing structure has lower requirements on the capacity and discharge power of the power supply (battery), so that the volume of the battery can be reduced, and the length and weight of the tool as a whole are further reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged view of the upper half part.

[0026] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the enlarged view of the lower half part.

[0027] Figure 4 is the position relationship diagram of the valve body and the valve core before the electromagnetic reversing mechanism reverses.

[0028] Figure 5 is the position relationship diagram of the valve body and the valve core after the electromagnetic reversing mechanism reverses.

[0029] In the figure: 1, non-magnetic drill collar, 2, battery, 3, upper cylinder, 4, valve body, 5, valve core, 6, upper sealing table, 7, main piston, 8, lower sealing table, 9, lower cylinder, 10, centralizer block, 11, hydraulic actuator, 12, hydraulic oil, 13, fixed sealing ring, 14, second communication pipe, 15, first communication pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The drawings are only used for illustrative description, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiment, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; it is understandable for those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0031] As shown in Figure 1 , the embodiment includes a stabilizer block 10, a lower cylinder 9, an upper cylinder 3, a center tube, an electromagnetic reversing mechanism and a main piston 7.

[0032] As shown in Figure 1 , 3 , in the embodiment, the stabilizer block 10 is the core component of the stabilizer, and the drill bit is connected to the lower end of the stabilizer during operation, and the stabilizer block 10 is supported on the well wall, thereby reducing the vibration of the drill bit.

[0033] As shown in Figure 1 , 3 , in the embodiment, the stabilizer block 10 is installed on the outside of the lower cylinder 9, and the lower cylinder 9 is provided with a hydraulic passage and a hydraulic actuator 11 corresponding to the stabilizer block 10, and the hydraulic actuator 11 is driven to slide along the radial direction of the lower cylinder 9 by applying hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic actuator 11 through the hydraulic passage.

[0034] As shown in Figure 1 , in the embodiment, at least three mounting grooves are machined on the outer circumference of the lower cylinder 9, and one stabilizer block 10 is slidably installed in each mounting groove. After installation, the stabilizer block 10 and the mounting groove form a piston type hydraulic actuator 11. The piston type (also known as plunger type) hydraulic actuator 11 is well known to those skilled in the art, so it will not be described here.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1 , 2 , in the embodiment, the upper cylinder 3 is connected to the outside of the upper end of the lower cylinder 9, and the center tube is connected to the inside of the upper end of the lower cylinder 9. The annular space formed between the upper cylinder 3 and the center tube is used to install the main piston 7 and provide sliding space for the main piston 7.

[0036] As shown in Figure 2 , 4 , 5, in the embodiment, the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is installed inside the upper cylinder 3, including a valve body 4 and a valve core 5. The valve body 4 is provided with an interface A, an interface B, an interface C, an interface D and an interface E from top to bottom. Among them, the interface A communicates with the space above the valve body 4, the interface B communicates with the space below the upper sealing table 6, the interface C communicates with the space outside the upper cylinder 3 as the initial inlet of pressure, the interface D communicates with the space above the main piston 7 as the final outlet of pressure, and the interface E communicates with the space above the valve body 4.

[0037] AsFigure 4 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the valve body 4 is sequentially provided with the interfaces A, B, C, D and E from top to bottom, wherein the interface A is in communication with the space above the valve body 4, the interface B is in communication with the space below the upper sealing platform 6, the interface C is in communication with the space outside the upper cylinder 3, the interface D is in communication with the space above the main piston 7, and the interface E is in communication with the space above the valve body 4.

[0038] It should be noted that the two adjacent interfaces need to be separated by a sealing member to ensure that the interfaces are independent of each other. Specifically, a plurality of sealing rings can be arranged on the outer circumference of the valve body 4 to isolate the plurality of interfaces arranged from top to bottom.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 5, the valve body 4 is sequentially provided with the interfaces A, B, C, D and E from top to bottom, wherein the interface A is in communication with the space above the valve body 4, the interface B is in communication with the space below the upper sealing platform 6, the interface C is in communication with the space outside the upper cylinder 3, the interface D is in communication with the space above the main piston 7, and the interface E is in communication with the space above the valve body 4. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the valve body 4 is sequentially provided with the interfaces A, B, C, D and E from top to bottom, wherein the interface A is in communication with the space above the valve body 4, the interface B is in communication with the space below the upper sealing platform 6, the interface C is in communication with the space outside the upper cylinder 3, the interface D is in communication with the space above the main piston 7, and the interface E is in communication with the space above the valve body 4.

[0040] As shown in FIG. 5, the valve body 4 is sequentially provided with the interfaces A, B, C, D and E from top to bottom, wherein the interface A is in communication with the space above the valve body 4, the interface B is in communication with the space below the upper sealing platform 6, the interface C is in communication with the space outside the upper cylinder 3, the interface D is in communication with the space above the main piston 7, and the interface E is in communication with the space above the valve body 4. Figure 2 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the valve body 4 is sequentially provided with the interfaces A, B, C, D and E from top to bottom, wherein the interface A is in communication with the space above the valve body 4, the interface B is in communication with the space below the upper sealing platform 6, the interface C is in communication with the space outside the upper cylinder 3, the interface D is in communication with the space above the main piston 7, and the interface E is in communication with the space above the valve body 4.

[0041] It should be noted that during the relative sliding of the main piston 7 and the fixed sealing ring 13, a negative pressure will be formed in the air cavity below the fixed sealing ring 13, thereby hindering the downward sliding of the lower sealing platform 8. In order to reduce this hindrance, the air cavity below the fixed sealing ring 13 can be made large enough, for example, the axial dimension of the air cavity is greater than the maximum stroke of the main piston 7. The larger the air cavity, the less obvious the above-mentioned hindrance.

[0042] Through the structural design, the position of the stabilizer upper stabilizing block 10 can be changed without tripping, the diameter is changed, the drilling direction of the drill bit can be more accurately controlled in the shale gas exploitation process, the construction workload is greatly reduced, the shale gas exploitation energy saving and consumption reduction, quality improvement and efficiency increase are promoted, and the requirements of oil field low carbon environmental protection are met.

[0043] In use, the stabilizer is installed at the lower end of the non-magnetic drill collar 1, and the working principle is as follows:

[0044] 1. Before the electromagnetic reversing mechanism reverses, the hydraulic transmission path is as follows:

[0045] As shown in Figure 2 and 4 , the pressure from the drilling fluid passes through the upper cylinder 3 from the outside of the upper cylinder 3, enters the valve body 4 from the interface C, flows out from the interface D via the inside of the valve body 4, and after flowing out, passes through the communication hole on the valve core 5 to reach the space above the main piston 7 (as shown by the arrow in Figure 2 ), thereby pushing the main piston 7 to slide downward. After the main piston 7 slides downward, the lower sealing table 8 at the lower end of the main piston 7 extrudes the hydraulic oil 12 in the space below, the hydraulic oil 12 pushes the stabilizing block 10 through the hydraulic channel and the hydraulic actuator 11, so that the stabilizing block 10 extends, and by changing the pressure of the drilling fluid, the supporting force of the stabilizing block 10 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the extension length of the stabilizing block 10.

[0046] At the same time, after the hydraulic oil 12 on the lower side of the upper sealing table 6 is extruded, it flows upward into the interface B via the second communication pipe 14, and then flows out from the interface A, and finally is discharged upward into the inside of the drill pipe.

[0047] 2. After the electromagnetic reversing mechanism reverses, the valve core 5 slides downward from the position shown in Figure 4 to the position shown in Figure 5 , and thereafter, the hydraulic transmission path is as follows:

[0048] As shown in Figure 2 and 5 , the pressure from the drilling fluid passes through the upper cylinder 3 from the outside of the upper cylinder 3, enters the valve body 4 from the interface C, flows out from the interface B via the inside of the valve body 4, and after flowing out, passes through the second communication pipe 14 to reach the hydraulic cavity on the lower side of the upper sealing table 6, thereby pushing the main piston 7 to slide upward. After the main piston 7 slides upward, the lower sealing table 8 at the lower end of the main piston 7 sucks the hydraulic oil 12 in the space below upward, thereby causing the hydraulic actuator 11 to drive the stabilizing block 10, so that the stabilizing block 10 is retracted.

[0049] At the same time, the hydraulic oil 12 on the upper side of the upper sealing platform 6 is squeezed and flows upward into the interface D through the connecting hole on the valve body 4, and then flows out from the interface E. After flowing out, it passes through the corresponding connecting hole on the valve body 4 and the first connecting pipe 15, and finally flows upward into the drill pipe.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the electromagnetic commutation mechanism is powered by the storage battery 2 and controlled remotely from the ground. In some embodiments, it can also be powered by a cable extending from the ground to the well.

Claims

1. An energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer, characterized in that, The application relates to a downhole drilling device, which comprises the following parts: a stabilizer block (10) capable of being supported on a well wall to limit the position of a drill bit in a wellbore; a lower cylinder (9) outside which the stabilizer block (10) is installed, a hydraulic passage and a hydraulic actuator (11) corresponding to the stabilizer block (10) being arranged in the lower cylinder (9), the hydraulic actuator (11) being driven to slide along the radial direction of the lower cylinder (9) by applying hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic actuator (11) through the hydraulic passage; an upper cylinder (3) and a central pipe, the upper cylinder (3) being connected to the outside of the upper end of the lower cylinder (9), and the central pipe being connected to the inside of the upper end of the lower cylinder (9); an electromagnetic reversing mechanism, which is installed in the inside of the upper cylinder (3) and comprises a valve body (4) and a valve core (5), the two parts together forming a two-position four-way reversing valve; a main piston (7), which is slidably arranged between the upper cylinder (3) and the central pipe and below the electromagnetic reversing mechanism; the outer side of the main piston (7) is provided with an upper sealing platform (6) and a lower sealing platform (8), a fixed sealing ring (13) being arranged between the upper sealing platform (6) and the lower sealing platform (8), the outer side of the fixed sealing ring (13) being fixedly and sealingly connected with the upper cylinder (3), the inner side of the fixed sealing ring (13) being slidably and sealingly connected with the main piston (7), the upper and lower sides of the upper sealing platform (6) being provided with hydraulic chambers, and the two hydraulic chambers being connected with a hydraulic system in which the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is arranged, the main piston (7) being driven to move upwards or downwards by controlling the in-and-out direction of liquid in the two hydraulic chambers; the space below the lower sealing platform (8) is communicated with the hydraulic passage, and the space formed by the communication is filled with hydraulic oil (12).

2. The energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least three installation grooves are formed on the outer circumference of the lower cylinder (9), and one stabilizer block (10) is slidably arranged in each installation groove, a piston-type hydraulic actuator (11) being formed between the stabilizer block (10) and the installation groove after installation.

3. The energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic reversing mechanism is powered by a storage battery (2) and controlled by ground remote control.

4. The energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic reversing mechanism is powered by a cable extending from the ground to the downhole.

5. The energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: An interface A, an interface B, an interface C, an interface D and an interface E are sequentially arranged on the valve body (4) from top to bottom, wherein the interface A is communicated with the space above the valve body (4), the interface B is communicated with the space below the upper sealing platform (6), the interface C is communicated with the space outside the upper cylinder (3), the interface D is communicated with the space above the main piston (7), and the interface E is communicated with the space above the valve body (4).

6. The energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first communication pipe (15) is arranged at the upper end of the valve body (4), the upper end of the first communication pipe (15) is communicated with the space above the valve body (4), and the lower end of the first communication pipe (15) is communicated with the interface E. A second communication pipe (14) is arranged at the lower end of the valve body (4), the upper end of the second communication pipe (14) is communicated with the interface B, and the lower end of the second communication pipe (14) is communicated with the space below the upper sealing platform (6) after penetrating through the upper sealing platform (6) of the main piston (7).

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