A three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device and method based on monitoring micro-deformation of a borehole

Abstract

The application provides a three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device and method based on monitoring micro-deformation of a drill hole, and belongs to the technical field of mining stress monitoring in mining engineering, wherein the device comprises a three-dimensional mining stress sensor, the three-dimensional mining stress sensor comprises an information tracking module, an image sensing and capturing module and a data storage and transmission module; the information tracking module is used for mapping information of a speckle field on an inner wall of the drill hole to the monitoring device; the image sensing and capturing module is used for acquiring image information of the speckle field on the inner wall of the drill hole mapped to the monitoring device; and the data storage and transmission module is used for saving and transmitting the image information of the speckle field on the inner wall of the drill hole. The device solves the shortcoming that traditional monitoring equipment cannot be coupled with a rock mass to achieve coordinated deformation, the measurement precision can reach a sub-pixel level by monitoring the movement of pixel points on the speckle field of the drill hole, and the obtained monitoring result has higher reliability and precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mining engineering stress monitoring technology, specifically relating to a three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device and method based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the depletion of shallow mineral resources, my country's mineral resource mining has gradually shifted towards deeper levels. Deep mining disrupts the stress balance of rock masses, causing stress redistribution within the rock mass. This redistribution leads to stress concentration in the mining area. When the stress exceeds the ultimate strength of the rock mass, it causes rock mass failure and movement into the mined space, resulting in general mine pressure phenomena and mine dynamic phenomena. Therefore, dynamic monitoring of the mining stress field is particularly important, especially in underground engineering fields such as mining.

[0003] Currently, deep mining stress monitoring equipment generally faces three major technical problems: poor coordination between rock mass and sensor deformation, limited spatial monitoring dimensions, and insufficient accuracy of measurement values. Taking the commonly used hollow inclusion stress gauge in mines as an example, it is often fixed by sealing with cement mortar or epoxy resin gel during installation. This traditional fixing method has significant drawbacks: First, once the stress gauge is fixed, it is difficult to remove, which is not conducive to the repeated use and maintenance of the equipment. Second, the curing period of the sealing material is long, and the shrinkage phenomenon generated during the curing process can easily create additional stress interference to the sensor. Third, problems such as incomplete sealing and residual pores are very likely to occur during construction, causing the strain gauge inside the stress gauge to be unable to achieve synchronous and coordinated deformation with the rock mass, seriously affecting the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data. For borehole oil pillow stress gauges, they can only monitor uniaxial stress at the measuring point, and the signal needs to be converted multiple times during the monitoring process, resulting in a lag in mining stress monitoring and an inability to monitor changes in the stress field in real time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application proposes a three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device and method based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation. This device combines digital image correlation technology with rock mass stress monitoring methods, obtaining a three-dimensional mining stress field by directly observing the deformation information of the speckle field on the borehole inner wall. This effectively solves problems such as inconsistent deformation between the rock mass and the sensor, low spatial monitoring dimensionality, and inaccurate measurement values.

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides a three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation, comprising: a three-dimensional mining stress sensor, wherein the three-dimensional mining stress sensor comprises: an information tracking module, an image perception and capture module, and a data storage and transmission module;

[0006] The information tracking module, connected to the image perception and capture module, is used to map the information of the speckle field on the borehole inner wall into the monitoring device. It includes a metal probe, a brass conical mirror, and a transparent glass shell. The metal probe is fixedly connected to the brass conical mirror and the transparent glass shell respectively. The brass conical mirror is installed inside the transparent glass shell.

[0007] The image perception and capture module, connected to the data storage and transmission module, is used to acquire image information of the speckle field mapped onto the borehole inner wall of the monitoring device. It includes: a first aluminum alloy annular bearing shell, a second metal bearing shell, an industrial camera, and an LED fill light. The industrial camera is installed inside the second metal bearing shell, the second metal bearing shell is installed inside the first aluminum alloy annular bearing shell, and the LED fill light is embedded in the second metal bearing shell.

[0008] The data storage and transmission module, connected to the image sensing and capture module, is used to save and transmit image information of the speckle field on the borehole inner wall. It includes: a third aluminum alloy annular bearing shell, an industrial camera data power cable, an LED fill light power cable, a battery, a data storage device, and a data remote transmitter. The industrial camera data power cable, LED fill light power cable, battery, data storage device, and data remote transmitter are all installed in the third aluminum alloy annular bearing shell. The LED fill light power cable is connected to the battery, and the industrial camera data power cable is connected to the data storage device and the data remote transmitter.

[0009] Furthermore, the metal probe is a cone.

[0010] Furthermore, the brass conical mirror is connected to the bottom surface of the metal probe by an adhesive gasket, the bottom surface of the metal probe is assembled with the transparent glass shell through a first threaded connector, and the transparent glass shell is assembled with the first section of aluminum alloy annular bearing shell through a second threaded connector.

[0011] Furthermore, the first aluminum alloy annular bearing housing is assembled with the second metal bearing housing via a third threaded connector. The second metal bearing housing has holes inside for mounting industrial cameras, and the bottom of the holes is equipped with a stop to prevent the industrial cameras from sliding out. The first aluminum alloy annular bearing housing is assembled with the third aluminum alloy annular bearing housing via a fourth threaded connector.

[0012] Furthermore, the battery provides power to the industrial camera, LED fill light, data storage device, and data remote transmitter. The overall switch button is located behind the data storage device and data remote transmitter. The third aluminum alloy ring-shaped support housing is connected to the fourth aluminum alloy support housing via the fifth threaded connector.

[0013] A three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation further includes: an installation frame; the installation frame includes: a fixed frame, a first main pulley, a second main pulley, a first telescopic plate, a second telescopic plate, a secondary pulley, a contact end support plate, a movable frame, and a pushing frame;

[0014] The fixed frame is equipped with four primary pulleys at its four ends. Each primary pulley is connected to one end of a corresponding primary telescopic plate. The other end of the primary telescopic plate is connected to a corresponding secondary pulley. A contact end support plate is provided on the secondary pulley. The secondary pulley is connected to a second telescopic plate. The second telescopic plate is connected to the movable frame. The movable frame is connected to the push frame.

[0015] A three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation further includes: a push rod, the push rod comprising: a circular joint, a head diamond interface, an outer push rod, and an inner push rod, the circular joint being welded to the head diamond interface, the head diamond interface being welded to the inner push rod, one end of the outer push rod being fixedly connected to the circular joint, and the inner push rod moving freely inside the outer push rod.

[0016] A three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation further includes: a speckle spraying rod, wherein the speckle spraying rod includes: a white matte paint nozzle, a black matte paint nozzle, a matte paint reservoir, a spraying push rod, a black matte paint switch, and a white matte paint switch;

[0017] White matte paint nozzles and black matte paint nozzles are arranged alternately on the matte paint reservoir. The matte paint reservoir is connected to one end of the spray push rod, and the other end of the spray push rod is equipped with a black matte paint switch and a white matte paint switch.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a three-dimensional mining stress monitoring method based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation, which is implemented using the aforementioned three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation, including:

[0019] Drill holes in the rock mass to be monitored, and insert a speckle spray rod into the hole to prefabricate and locate the speckle field in the speckle observation area of ​​the borehole;

[0020] Assemble the three-dimensional mining stress sensor with the mounting frame, insert the push rod into the bottom of the three-dimensional mining stress sensor, push the mounting frame and the three-dimensional mining stress sensor into the borehole speckle observation area, and then expand the mounting frame by rotating the push rod so that the contact end support plate contacts the inner wall of the borehole. After the three-dimensional mining stress sensor is fixed, the three-dimensional mining stress sensor is used to monitor the mining stress of the rock mass to be monitored.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] This application proposes a three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device and method based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation, the beneficial effects of which include:

[0023] 1. The three-dimensional mining-induced stress sensor is based on borehole micro-deformation monitoring technology. It directly monitors the deformation information of the borehole inner wall by reflecting the speckle field on the borehole inner wall through a brass conical mirror. This solves the shortcomings of traditional monitoring equipment that cannot be coupled with the rock mass to achieve coordinated deformation. Since it monitors the movement of pixels on the borehole speckle field, the measurement accuracy can reach the sub-pixel level, and the reliability and accuracy of the monitoring results are higher.

[0024] 2. The three-dimensional mining stress sensor overcomes the shortcomings of traditional mining stress monitoring equipment in low-latitude monitoring. By monitoring the strain field around the inner wall of the borehole, it can solve the six stress components of the borehole and perform three-dimensional mining stress monitoring.

[0025] 3. The three-dimensional mining stress sensor mounting frame is simple to install, low in cost, and can automatically extend and retract. It is suitable for boreholes of different diameters, and the support plate at the contact end with the borehole inner wall is designed to be arc-shaped, which makes it fit the borehole inner wall better.

[0026] 4. The three-dimensional mining stress sensor adopts an assembly structure, which is connected by rigid aluminum alloy shells of different sections. It is simple to use and completely sealed. It can transmit monitoring information in real time in the high temperature, high pressure and humid deep mining environment. The sensor is equipped with a data emergency memory to back up the monitoring data and prevent signal failure due to excessive drilling depth. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional mining stress sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Assembly diagram of the three-dimensional mining stress sensor and mounting frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the push rod structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the speckled spray bar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Among them, 1-metal probe, 2-first threaded connector, 3-adhesive gasket, 4-brass conical mirror, 5-transparent glass shell, 6-second threaded connector, 7-third threaded connector, 8-first section aluminum alloy ring-shaped support shell, 9-LED fill light, 10-second section metal support shell, 11-industrial camera, 12-fourth threaded connector, 13-camera data power cable, 14-LED fill light power cable, 15-third section aluminum alloy ring-shaped support shell, 16-battery, 17-data storage and data remote transmitter, 18-switch button, 19-fifth threaded connector, 20-fourth section metal support shell, 21-the... 22-Seventh threaded connector, 23-Tail diamond interface, 24-Fixed frame, 25-1-First main pulley, 25-2-Second main pulley, 26-1-First telescopic plate, 26-2-Second telescopic plate, 27-Secondary pulley, 28-Contact end support plate, 29-Moving frame, 30-Push frame, 31-Ring connector, 32-Head diamond interface, 33-External push rod, 34-Internal push rod, 35-White matte paint nozzle, 36-Black matte paint nozzle, 37-Matte paint reservoir, 38-Spray push rod, 39-Black matte paint switch, 40-White matte paint switch. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The specific implementation methods of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] In recent years, mining has gradually moved deeper underground. During the mining process, the redistribution of original rock stress leads to stress concentration within the upper rock mass of the mining roadway or working face. When the energy of the stress concentration within the rock mass exceeds the rock mass's own energy storage limit, varying degrees of mining pressure or dynamic phenomena will occur in the current roadway or working face. Therefore, for deep mining, monitoring three-dimensional mining stress and understanding the spatiotemporal evolution of the three-dimensional mining stress field is of great significance for predicting and preventing common mining disasters such as rockbursts.

[0034] Currently, equipment commonly used for monitoring stress during rock mining generally suffers from problems such as inconsistent deformation coordination between the rock mass and sensors, low spatial monitoring dimensionality, and inaccurate measurements. Commonly used borehole oil tank stress gauges can only monitor the uniaxial stress state at the measuring point, and the back-and-forth signal conversion causes monitoring lag. Although hollow inclusion stress gauges and traditional aperture deformation methods can obtain the three-dimensional stress state at the measuring point, they both suffer from the critical problem of not being able to couple with the rock mass, thus failing to coordinate deformation with the rock mass and resulting in large dispersion of monitoring results.

[0035] Digital image correlation (DIC) technology has been widely used in indoor testing in recent years due to its advantages of high precision, stable monitoring results, and non-destructive testing. By monitoring the movement of pixels, its measurement accuracy can reach the sub-pixel level. Combining DIC technology with rock mass stress monitoring methods, the dynamic evolution of the three-dimensional mining stress field can be obtained by monitoring the three-dimensional strain field of the borehole inner wall.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] This embodiment proposes a three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation, including: a three-dimensional mining stress sensor, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the three-dimensional mining stress sensor includes: an information tracking module, an image perception and capture module, and a data storage and transmission module;

[0038] The information tracking module, connected to the image perception and capture module, is used to map the information of the speckle field on the borehole inner wall into the monitoring device. It includes a metal probe 1, a brass conical mirror 4, and a transparent glass shell 5. The metal probe 1 is fixedly connected to the brass conical mirror 4 and the transparent glass shell 5 respectively. The brass conical mirror 4 is installed inside the transparent glass shell 5.

[0039] The image perception and capture module, connected to the data storage and transmission module, is used to acquire image information of the speckle field mapped onto the borehole inner wall of the monitoring device. It includes: a first aluminum alloy annular bearing shell 8, a second metal bearing shell 10, an industrial camera 11, and an LED fill light 9. The industrial camera 11 is installed inside the second metal bearing shell 10, the second metal bearing shell 10 is installed inside the first aluminum alloy annular bearing shell 8, and the LED fill light 9 is embedded in the second metal bearing shell 10.

[0040] The data storage and transmission module, connected to the image sensing and capture module, is used to save and transmit image information of the speckle field on the borehole inner wall. It includes: a third aluminum alloy annular bearing shell 15, an industrial camera data power cable 13, an LED fill light power cable 14, a battery 16, a data storage device, and a data remote transmitter 17. The industrial camera data power cable 13, the LED fill light power cable 14, the battery 16, the data storage device, and the data remote transmitter 17 are all installed in the third aluminum alloy annular bearing shell 15. The LED fill light power cable 14 is connected to the battery 16, and the industrial camera data power cable 13 is connected to the data storage device and the data remote transmitter 17.

[0041] The metal probe 1 is a cone.

[0042] In this embodiment, the head of the metal probe 1 is designed as a conical guide head. Compared with the planar or blunt-head design of the hollow inclusion stress gauge commonly used in the field, this guide head can disperse the impact load and protect the internal components when there are scattered rock fragments inside the borehole. At the same time, it can convert the insertion force into radial compressive stress on the borehole wall through the stress concentration principle, thereby reducing the axial force required for propulsion.

[0043] The bottom surface of the brass conical mirror 4 is connected to the bottom surface of the metal probe 1 by an adhesive gasket 3. The bottom surface of the metal probe 1 is assembled with the transparent glass shell 5 through the first threaded connector 2. The transparent glass shell 5 is assembled with the first aluminum alloy annular bearing shell 8 through the second threaded connector 6.

[0044] The first aluminum alloy annular bearing housing 8 is assembled with the second metal bearing housing 10 through the third threaded connector 7. The second metal bearing housing 10 has holes inside for installing an industrial camera 11. The bottom of the holes is blocked to prevent the industrial camera 11 from sliding out. The first aluminum alloy annular bearing housing 8 is assembled with the third aluminum alloy annular bearing housing 15 through the fourth threaded connector 12.

[0045] Battery 16 provides power to industrial camera 11, LED fill light 9, data storage and data remote transmitter 17. Switch button 18 is located behind data storage and data remote transmitter 17. The third aluminum alloy annular bearing housing 15 is connected to the fourth metal bearing housing 20 through the fifth threaded connector 19.

[0046] In this embodiment, the metal probe 1 can be assembled with the transparent glass housing 5 via the first threaded connector 2. An adhesive gasket 3 is provided behind the metal probe 1 to fix the brass conical mirror 4. The transparent glass housing 5 can be assembled with the first aluminum alloy annular support housing 8 via the second threaded connector 6. The first aluminum alloy annular support housing 8 is assembled with the second metal support housing 10 via the third threaded connector 7. The second metal support housing 10 contains an LED fill light 9 and an industrial camera 11. The first aluminum alloy annular support housing 8 is assembled with the third aluminum alloy annular support housing 15 via the fourth threaded connector 12. The assembly includes a third aluminum alloy annular bearing housing 15 containing a lithium battery 16, a data emergency storage device 17, a data remote transmitter 17, and a switch button 18. The battery 16 (a lithium battery is used in this embodiment) is connected to the front electronic components through the camera data power cable 13 and the LED fill light power cable 14. The third aluminum alloy annular bearing housing 15 is assembled with the fourth metal bearing housing 20 through the fifth threaded connector 19. The fixed frame 24 in the mounting frame is assembled with the sensor body through the sixth threaded connector 21, and the pushing frame 30 is connected with the sensor body through the seventh threaded connector 22.

[0047] In this embodiment, a metal probe 1, a transparent glass shell 5, and an industrial camera 11 are used. Compared with traditional monitoring equipment, such as hollow inclusion stress gauges and borehole oil pillow stress gauges, the structure of this embodiment directly monitors the micro-deformation of the borehole inner wall, solving the shortcomings of traditional monitoring equipment that cannot couple deformation with rock mass.

[0048] A three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation, such as Figure 2 The system also includes: an installation frame; the installation frame includes: a fixed frame 24, a first main pulley 25-1, a second main pulley 25-2, a first telescopic plate 26-1, a second telescopic plate 26-2, a secondary pulley 27, a contact end support plate 28, a movable frame 29, and a pushing frame 30;

[0049] The fixed frame 24 is provided with four first main pulleys 25-1 at its four ends. Each first main pulley 25-1 is connected to one end of the corresponding first telescopic plate 26-1. The other end of the first telescopic plate 26-1 is connected to the corresponding secondary pulley 27. A contact end support plate 28 is provided on the secondary pulley 27. The secondary pulley 27 is connected to the second telescopic plate 26-2. The second telescopic plate 26-2 is connected to the movable frame 29. The movable frame 29 is connected to the push frame 30.

[0050] In this embodiment, the process of installing the three-dimensional mining stress sensor on the mounting frame is as follows: The fixed frame 24 has threads inside its annular shape. First, the fixed frame 24 is connected to the sixth threaded connector 21 on the three-dimensional mining stress sensor. The fixed frame 24 is screwed to the end of the sixth threaded connector 21 to fix it. The first main pulley 25-1 has a base welded to the fixed frame 24. The first main pulley 25-1 is rotatable and is connected to the first telescopic plate 26-1. The end of the first telescopic plate 26-1 is connected to the secondary pulley 27. The bottom of the secondary pulley 27 also has a base and is connected to the contact end support plate 28. The secondary pulley 27 is then connected to the movable frame 29 through the second telescopic plate 26-2 and the second main pulley 25-2. The fixed frame 24 is connected to the sixth threaded connector 21 on the sensor. The fixed frame 24 is screwed to the end of the sixth threaded connector 21 to fix it. The movable frame 29 has no threads inside its ring, allowing it to slide back and forth on the threads. The push frame 30 is a ring with threads inside. When the push frame 30 is rotated, it pushes the movable frame 29 forward, causing the entire mounting frame to expand and push the contact end support plate 28 against the inner wall of the borehole for fixation.

[0051] A three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation, such as Figure 3The device also includes a push rod, which comprises a circular joint 31, a head diamond-shaped interface 32, an outer push rod 33, and an inner push rod 34. The circular joint 31 is welded to the head diamond-shaped interface 32, and the head diamond-shaped interface 32 is welded to the inner push rod 34. One end of the outer push rod 33 is fixedly connected to the circular joint 31, and the inner push rod 34 moves freely inside the outer push rod 33.

[0052] In this embodiment, the annular connector 31 is provided with a head diamond-shaped interface 32, which can be inserted into the tail diamond-shaped interface 23 at the bottom of the three-dimensional mining stress sensor. Before using the push rod, the mounting frame is first installed on the three-dimensional mining stress sensor, and then the push frame 30 is placed inside the annular connector 31, which is the inner wall of the annular connector 31. The inner wall of the annular connector 31 can hold the push frame 30. Then, the head diamond-shaped interface 32 is inserted into the tail diamond-shaped interface 23 at the bottom of the three-dimensional mining stress sensor. The head diamond-shaped interface 32 and the inner push rod 34 are welded together, and the annular connector 31 and the outer push rod 33 are welded together. The outer push rod 33 is a hollow rod, and the annular connector 31 has an opening at the bottom. After the head diamond-shaped interface 32 is inserted into the tail diamond-shaped interface 23, the push frame 30 is placed into the ring connector 31. The internal push rod 34 is rotated clockwise and the external push rod 33 is rotated counterclockwise. In this way, the push frame 30 will gradually move forward along the thread, thereby squeezing the movable frame 29 forward and expanding the entire mounting frame.

[0053] A three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation, such as Figure 4 As shown, it also includes: a speckled spray bar, which includes: a white matte paint nozzle 35, a black matte paint nozzle 36, a matte paint reservoir 37, a spray push rod 38, a black matte paint switch 39, and a white matte paint switch 40.

[0054] White matte paint nozzles 35 and black matte paint nozzles 36 are alternately arranged on the matte paint reservoir 37. The matte paint reservoir 37 is connected to one end of the spray push rod 38, and the other end of the spray push rod 38 is provided with a black matte paint switch 39 and a white matte paint switch 40.

[0055] In this embodiment, the white matte paint nozzle 35 and the black matte paint nozzle 36 are both welded to the matte paint reservoir 37. The matte paint reservoir 37 contains black and white matte paint. The matte paint reservoir 37 and the spraying push rod 38 are welded together. The tail of the spraying push rod 38 is welded with a black matte paint switch 39 and a white matte paint switch 40.

[0056] When using this speckle spray bar, after drilling is completed, remove the drill bit, push the speckle spray bar to the specified drilling depth, open the white matte paint nozzle 35, and after spraying the white matte paint 35 and letting it stand for a period of time, open the black matte paint nozzle 36 and remove the speckle spray bar.

[0057] Example 2:

[0058] This embodiment also provides a three-dimensional mining stress monitoring method based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation, which is implemented using the aforementioned three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation, including:

[0059] The rock mass to be monitored is drilled, and the speckle field is prefabricated and located by inserting a speckle spraying rod into the hole;

[0060] Assemble the three-dimensional mining stress sensor with the mounting frame, insert the push rod into the bottom of the three-dimensional mining stress sensor, push the mounting frame and the three-dimensional mining stress sensor into the borehole speckle observation area, and then expand the mounting frame by rotating the push rod so that the contact end support plate contacts the inner wall of the borehole. After the three-dimensional mining stress sensor is fixed, the three-dimensional mining stress sensor is used to monitor the mining stress of the rock mass to be monitored.

[0061] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0062] The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the embodiments described above. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this disclosure without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. If such modifications and variations fall within the scope of equivalent technology of this disclosure, then the intent of this disclosure also includes such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation, characterized in that, include: A three-dimensional mining stress sensor, comprising: an information tracking module, an image perception and capture module, and a data storage and transmission module; The information tracking module, connected to the image perception and capture module, is used to map the information of the speckle field on the borehole inner wall into the monitoring device. It includes a metal probe (1), a brass conical mirror (4) and a transparent glass shell (5). The metal probe (1) is fixedly connected to the brass conical mirror (4) and the transparent glass shell (5) respectively. The brass conical mirror (4) is installed inside the transparent glass shell (5). The image perception and capture module, connected to the data storage and transmission module, is used to acquire image information of the speckle field mapped onto the borehole inner wall of the monitoring device. It includes: a first aluminum alloy annular bearing shell (8), a second metal bearing shell (10), an industrial camera (11), and an LED fill light (9). The industrial camera (11) is installed inside the second metal bearing shell (10), the second metal bearing shell (10) is installed inside the first aluminum alloy annular bearing shell (8), and the LED fill light (9) is embedded inside the second metal bearing shell (10). The data storage and transmission module, connected to the image sensing and capture module, is used to save and transmit image information of the speckle field on the borehole inner wall. It includes: a third aluminum alloy annular bearing housing (15), an industrial camera data power cable (13), an LED fill light power cable (14), a battery (16), a data storage device, and a data remote transmitter (17). The industrial camera data power cable (13), LED fill light power cable (14), battery (16), data storage device, and data remote transmitter (17) are all installed in the third aluminum alloy annular bearing housing (15). 5), wherein the LED fill light power cord (14) is connected to the battery (16), the industrial camera data power cord (13) is connected to the data storage and data remote transmitter (17), the metal probe (1) is a cone; the brass conical mirror (4) is connected to the bottom surface of the metal probe (1) through an adhesive gasket (3), the bottom surface of the metal probe (1) is assembled with the transparent glass shell (5) through the first threaded connector (2), and the transparent glass shell (5) is assembled with the first section of aluminum alloy ring bearing shell (8) through the second threaded connector (6); It also includes: an installation frame; the installation frame includes: a fixed frame (24), a first main pulley (25-1), a second main pulley (25-2), a first telescopic plate (26-1), a second telescopic plate (26-2), a secondary pulley (27), a contact end support plate (28), a movable frame (29), and a pushing frame (30); The fixed frame (24) is provided with four first main pulleys (25-1) at its four ends. Each first main pulley (25-1) is connected to one end of the corresponding first telescopic plate (26-1). The other end of the first telescopic plate (26-1) is connected to the corresponding secondary pulley (27). A contact end support plate (28) is provided on the secondary pulley (27). The secondary pulley (27) is connected to the second telescopic plate (26-2). The second telescopic plate (26-2) is connected to the movable frame (29). The movable frame (29) is connected to the push frame (30). It also includes: a push rod, which includes: a ring connector (31), a head diamond interface (32), an outer push rod (33) and an inner push rod (34). The ring connector (31) is welded to the head diamond interface (32), the head diamond interface (32) is welded to the inner push rod (34), one end of the outer push rod (33) is fixedly connected to the ring connector (31), and the inner push rod (34) moves freely inside the outer push rod (33). The ring connector 31 is provided with a head diamond-shaped interface 32, which can be inserted into the tail diamond-shaped interface 23 at the bottom of the three-dimensional dynamic stress sensor.

2. The three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first aluminum alloy annular bearing housing (8) is assembled with the second metal bearing housing (10) through the third threaded joint (7). The second metal bearing housing (10) has holes inside for installing an industrial camera (11). The bottom of the holes is blocked to prevent the industrial camera (11) from sliding out. The first aluminum alloy annular bearing housing (8) is assembled with the third aluminum alloy annular bearing housing (15) through the fourth threaded joint (12).

3. The three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery (16) provides power to the industrial camera (11), LED fill light (9), data storage and data remote transmitter (17). The overall switch button is located behind the data storage and data remote transmitter (17). The third aluminum alloy ring-shaped bearing shell (15) is connected to the fourth metal bearing shell (20) through the fifth threaded joint (19).

4. The three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A speckled spray bar, the speckled spray bar comprising: a white matte paint nozzle (35), a black matte paint nozzle (36), a matte paint reservoir (37), a spray push rod (38), a black matte paint switch (39), and a white matte paint switch (40). White matte paint nozzles (35) and black matte paint nozzles (36) are alternately arranged on the matte paint reservoir (37). The matte paint reservoir (37) is connected to one end of the spray push rod (38). The other end of the spray push rod (38) is equipped with a black matte paint switch (39) and a white matte paint switch (40).

5. A three-dimensional mining stress monitoring method based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation, implemented using the three-dimensional mining stress monitoring device based on monitoring borehole micro-deformation as described in any claim 4, characterized in that, include: Drill holes in the rock mass to be monitored, and insert a speckle spray rod into the hole to prefabricate and locate the speckle field in the speckle observation area of ​​the borehole; Assemble the three-dimensional mining stress sensor with the mounting frame, insert the push rod into the bottom of the three-dimensional mining stress sensor, push the mounting frame and the three-dimensional mining stress sensor into the borehole speckle observation area, and then expand the mounting frame by rotating the push rod so that the contact end support plate contacts the inner wall of the borehole. After the three-dimensional mining stress sensor is fixed, the three-dimensional mining stress sensor is used to monitor the mining stress of the rock mass to be monitored.

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