Online water changing system and method of high-temperature gas cooled reactor waste heat removal system

Abstract

The invention discloses an online water changing system and method of a high-temperature gas cooled reactor waste heat removal system. The online water changing system comprises a waste heat removal system main loop; the drainage system comprises a drainage branch and a circulating water tank, one end of the drainage branch is communicated with the residual heat removal system main loop, the other end of the drainage branch is communicated with the circulating water tank, and a drainage valve and a drainage flow meter are arranged on the drainage branch; the water replenishing system comprises a water replenishing branch and a water replenishing tank, and a water replenishing valve, a water replenishing flowmeter and a pumping device are arranged on the water replenishing branch; the cut-off device is arranged on the portion, between the drainage branch and the water supplementing branch, of the main loop of the waste heat removal system and used for cutting off natural circulation of the main loop of the waste heat removal system. Natural circulation of a main loop of the waste heat removal system is blocked through the cut-off device, the water replacement function of supplementing and discharging water at the same time is achieved in combination with water supplementing and discharging synchronous control, water quality updating can be completed without emptying the system, and the thermal shock risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear power technology, specifically to an online water exchange system and method for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system. Background Technology

[0002] Due to their reactor design characteristics, high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) have significantly higher neutron flux outside the containment than pressurized water reactors (PWRs). However, existing HTGR waste heat removal systems employ water-cooled walls outside the containment for heat dissipation. The propellants in these systems are activated by neutron radiation, leading to higher radiation levels within the waste heat removal system.

[0003] However, the existing design does not support online water replacement. Therefore, to improve the water quality of the waste heat discharge system, the system must be drained before water is added. This process can lead to system malfunction, trigger technical specification limitations, and cause problems such as thermal shock. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an online water exchange system and method for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system, in order to solve the problem that existing designs do not support online water exchange, so as to achieve the purpose of dynamically improving water quality without interrupting system operation.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an online water exchange system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system, comprising: The main loop of the waste heat removal system; The drainage system includes a drainage branch and a circulating water tank. One end of the drainage branch is connected to the main loop of the waste heat discharge system, and the other end of the drainage branch is connected to the circulating water tank. A drainage valve and a drainage flow meter are installed on the drainage branch. The water supply system includes a water supply branch and a water supply tank. The water supply branch is equipped with a water supply valve, a water supply flow meter and a pumping device. The shut-off device is installed on the main loop of the waste heat discharge system between the drainage branch and the water supply branch, and is used to shut off the natural circulation of the main loop of the waste heat discharge system.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the online water exchange system of the above-mentioned high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system are as follows: by blocking the natural circulation of the main loop of the waste heat removal system through the cut-off device, and combining the synchronous control of water replenishment and drainage, the water exchange function of replenishment and drainage can be realized simultaneously. Water quality can be renewed without emptying the system, which completely solves the problem of system function loss caused by emptying and replenishing water in the existing technology. It dynamically reduces the radiation level in the waste heat removal system, maintains the continuity of the waste heat removal system function, reduces the risk of thermal shock, and ensures the safe operation of the equipment.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the pumping device includes: At least two branch pipes are connected in parallel on the water supply branch; At least two water supply pumps are provided, each of which is installed on a branch pipeline. Each water supply pump is equipped with an inlet valve at its inlet and a check valve, an outlet valve, and a pressure gauge at its outlet.

[0008] In one optional implementation, the water supply branch located between the water supply valve and the water supply flow meter is connected to the water supply tank through a first return water pipeline, and a water supply tank recirculation valve is provided on the first return water pipeline.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: During online water exchange, the water supply flow can be precisely allocated by adjusting the opening of the recirculation valve in the water supply tank. Part of the water flows to the main loop of the waste heat discharge system to meet the water supply demand, while the other part flows back to the water supply tank to achieve flow diversion. This ensures that the flow rates of the water supply flow meter and the drainage flow meter are consistent, maintains a stable water volume in the system, and avoids the waste heat discharge function being affected by flow imbalance. It also maintains the system pressure balance through flow diversion adjustment, preventing thermal shock or equipment overload. At the same time, it flexibly adapts to different needs such as preset flow rate at the beginning of water exchange and flow matching during synchronous replenishment and drainage, making operation convenient and efficient. In addition, the water returning to the water supply tank can be recycled, reducing the consumption of fresh water, achieving energy saving and consumption reduction, and ultimately ensuring the effectiveness of water quality improvement and the stability of system operation during online water exchange.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, a water supply outlet valve for the water supply tank is provided on the water supply branch between the pumping device and the water supply tank.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the circulating water tank is connected to a water supply branch via a circulating water tank supply pipe, and a circulating water tank outlet valve is provided on the circulating water tank supply pipe.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the circulating water tank outlet valve connects the circulating water tank and the water replenishment branch, enabling the reuse of the highly activated water that has met the standards in the circulating water tank to the waste heat discharge system, effectively reducing the consumption of fresh water replenishment, saving water resources and reducing operating costs; at the same time, it expands the range of water replenishment sources, allowing the system to use both external fresh water and water that meets the standards in the circulating water tank, improving the flexibility of online water exchange operations; in addition, the water that meets the standards and is delivered by the circulating water tank outlet valve directly participates in water exchange, ensuring the water quality improvement effect, avoiding the pressure of discharging non-compliant water for treatment, and further enhancing the system's environmental friendliness and resource utilization efficiency.

[0013] In one optional implementation, the water supply branch located between the water supply valve and the water supply flow meter is connected to the circulating water tank through a second return water pipeline, and a circulating water tank recirculation valve is provided on the second return water pipeline.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, a discharge pipe is connected to the water supply branch located between the water supply valve and the water supply flow meter, and a water tank discharge valve is provided on the discharge pipe.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides an online water exchange method for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system, comprising the following steps: S1. Close the shut-off device to cut off the natural circulation of the main loop of the waste heat discharge system; S2. Start the pumping device and simultaneously open the water supply valve and the drain valve to supply water to the main loop of the waste heat discharge system via the water supply branch and drain water to the circulating water tank via the drain branch. S3. Adjust the opening of the drain valve according to the displayed flow value of the drain flow meter, and adjust the opening of the water supply valve according to the displayed flow value of the water supply flow meter, so as to make the displayed flow values ​​of the drain flow meter and the water supply flow meter the same, so as to make the water supply and drainage flow consistent. S4. After detecting that the water quality of the waste heat discharge system meets the standards, simultaneously close the water supply valve and the drain valve; S5. Open the cut-off device to restore the natural circulation of the main loop.

[0016] In one optional implementation, the following steps are included before step S1: Open the recirculation valve of the water supply tank, start the pumping device, and adjust the opening of the recirculation valve of the water supply tank to the appropriate position according to the flow rate displayed by the water supply flow meter.

[0017] In one optional implementation, in step S2, the water source for the water replenishment branch comes from water that has been left to stand in the circulating water tank and meets the standards. The specific steps include: Open the outlet valve of the circulating water tank to allow the water that has been allowed to settle and meet the standards to enter the water replenishment branch. Start the pumping device to transport the qualified water in the circulating water tank to the main loop of the waste heat discharge system.

[0018] The above-mentioned online water exchange system and method for removing residual heat from a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor has the following advantages: 1. Enable online water exchange in the waste heat discharge system to dynamically improve water quality; 2. The flow rate is distributed through a recirculation loop to match the natural circulation heat load and forced circulation heat load during online water exchange, without affecting system function; 3. After the high-volume water in the circulating water tank has settled to meet the standard, it can be transferred to the makeup water tank for reuse. 4. By using a circulating water tank for settling and reuse, the system's water consumption is reduced, thus saving resources. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the online water exchange system of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system provided by the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Main loop of waste heat removal system; 1. Drainage branch; 2. Circulating water tank; 3. Drain valve; 4. Drainage flow meter; 5. Circulating water tank outlet valve; 6. Circulating water tank recirculation valve; 7. Makeup water branch; 8. Makeup water tank; 9. First makeup water pump inlet valve; 10. First makeup water pump; 11. First makeup water pump outlet pressure gauge; 12. First makeup water pump outlet check valve; 13. First makeup water pump outlet valve; 14. Second makeup water pump inlet valve; 15. 16. Second water supply pump; 17. Second water supply pump outlet pressure gauge; 18. Second water supply pump outlet check valve; 19. Second water supply pump outlet valve; 20. Water supply tank recirculation valve; 21. Water tank discharge valve; 22. Water supply flow meter; 23. Water supply valve; 24. Water supply tank outlet valve; 25. Circulation shut-off valve; 26. First return water pipeline; 27. Second return water pipeline; 28. Circulating water tank water supply pipeline; 29. ​​Discharge pipeline; 20. Branch pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Combination Figure 1 As shown below, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the online water exchange system of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system of the first aspect of the present invention, the online water exchange method of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system of the second aspect of the present invention, and the quantitative calculation method of ultrasonic transducer parameter similarity of the third aspect of the present invention.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a first aspect, an online water exchange system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system is provided, including a main loop 100 of the waste heat removal system, a drainage system, a water replenishment system, and a shut-off device.

[0025] The drainage system includes a drainage branch 1 and a circulating water tank 2. One end of the drainage branch 1 is connected to the main loop 100 of the waste heat discharge system, and the other end of the drainage branch 1 is connected to the circulating water tank 2. A drainage valve 3 and a drainage flow meter 4 are installed on the drainage branch 1. The drainage valve 3 is used to control the opening and closing of the drainage branch 1 and to regulate the flow rate of the drainage branch 1. The drainage flow meter 4 is used to detect the drainage flow rate of the drainage branch 1.

[0026] The water replenishment system includes a water replenishment branch 7 and a water replenishment tank 8. The water replenishment branch 7 is equipped with a water replenishment valve 22, a water replenishment flow meter 21, and a pumping device. The water replenishment valve 22 is used to control the opening and closing of the water replenishment branch 7 and adjust the flow rate of the water replenishment branch 7. The water replenishment flow meter 21 is used to detect the water replenishment flow rate of the water replenishment branch 7. The pumping device is used to pump the water in the water replenishment tank 8.

[0027] A shut-off device is installed on the main loop 100 of the waste heat discharge system between the drainage branch 1 and the water supply branch 7 to cut off the natural circulation of the main loop 100 of the waste heat discharge system. The shut-off device is a circulation shut-off valve 24.

[0028] The online water exchange system of the aforementioned high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system interrupts the natural circulation of the main loop 100 of the waste heat removal system through a cutoff device. Combined with synchronous control of water replenishment and drainage, it realizes the function of water exchange while replenishing and draining. Water quality can be renewed without emptying the system, which completely solves the problem of system function loss caused by emptying and replenishing water in the existing technology. It dynamically reduces the radiation level in the waste heat removal system, maintains the continuity of the waste heat removal system function, reduces the risk of thermal shock, and ensures the safe operation of the equipment.

[0029] The synchronous control of water replenishment and drainage is achieved by comparing the displayed flow values ​​of the drainage flow meter 4 and the water replenishment flow meter 21, and controlling the opening of the water replenishment valve 22 and the drainage valve 3 respectively. The synchronization of water replenishment and drainage is controlled by maintaining the consistency of the flow rates in the drainage branch 1 and the water replenishment branch 7. More specifically, during online water exchange, the main natural circulation is cut off by the circulation shut-off valve 24, then water is replenished into the system through the water replenishment branch 7, while water is discharged into the circulating water tank 2 through the drainage branch 1. The water replenishment flow meter 21 and the drainage flow meter 4 are calibrated to ensure that the water replenishment and discharge flow rates are consistent, thereby maintaining the constant water volume in the waste heat discharge system. The water source for replenishment can be external or from the circulating water tank 2 (the stagnant, qualified water can be pumped to the water replenishment tank).

[0030] In some embodiments, the pumping device includes a branch pipe 29, a makeup water pump, an inlet valve, a check valve, an outlet valve, and a pressure gauge. At least two branch pipes 29 are provided, connected in parallel on the makeup water branch 7. At least two makeup water pumps are provided, each installed on one branch pipe 29. Each makeup water pump has an inlet valve at its inlet and a check valve, an outlet valve, and a pressure gauge at its outlet.

[0031] In this embodiment, the pumping device effectively avoids the risk of single-point failure through the redundant configuration of at least two parallel branch pipelines and corresponding makeup water pumps, ensuring the continuous and stable makeup water function during online water replacement. The inlet valve, outlet valve, and check valve on each branch pipeline 29 enable independent control and switching of each branch, facilitating maintenance of a single branch without affecting the overall system operation, and preventing system disturbances caused by water backflow. The pressure gauge installed at the outlet of the makeup water pump can monitor the pump's working pressure in real time, providing timely warnings of abnormal operating conditions and improving operational safety. Compared with existing technologies, the overall design significantly enhances the system's reliability, operational flexibility, and fault response capabilities, ensuring the smooth implementation of online water replacement in the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the branch pipeline 29 is provided with two branches, namely a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline. The first branch pipeline is provided with a first water supply pump inlet valve 9, a first water supply pump 10, a first water supply pump outlet pressure gauge 11, a first water supply pump outlet check valve 12, and a first water supply pump outlet valve 13; the second branch pipeline is provided with a second water supply pump inlet valve 14, a second water supply pump 15, a second water supply pump outlet pressure gauge 16, a second water supply pump outlet check valve 17, and a second water supply pump outlet valve 18.

[0033] In some embodiments, the water supply branch 7 located between the water supply valve 22 and the water supply flow meter 21 is connected to the water supply tank 8 through the first return water pipeline 25, and the first return water pipeline 25 is provided with a water supply tank recirculation valve 19.

[0034] In this embodiment, during online water exchange, the water supply flow can be precisely allocated by adjusting the opening of the recirculation valve 19 in the water supply tank. Part of the water flows to the main loop of the waste heat discharge system to meet the water supply demand, while the other part flows back to the water supply tank to achieve flow diversion. This ensures that the flow rates of the water supply flow meter and the drainage flow meter are consistent, maintaining a stable water volume in the system and preventing the waste heat discharge function from being affected by flow imbalance. It also maintains the system pressure balance through flow diversion adjustment, preventing thermal shock or equipment overload. At the same time, it flexibly adapts to different needs such as preset flow rate at the beginning of water exchange and flow matching during synchronous replenishment and drainage, making the operation convenient and efficient. In addition, the water returning to the water supply tank can be recycled, reducing the consumption of fresh water, achieving energy saving and consumption reduction, and ultimately ensuring the effectiveness of water quality improvement and the stability of system operation during online water exchange.

[0035] In some embodiments, a water supply branch 7 between the pumping device and the water supply tank 8 is provided with a water supply tank outlet valve 23. In this embodiment, the opening and closing of the water supply tank outlet valve 23 is controlled to control whether the water in the water supply tank 8 is pumped to the water supply branch 7.

[0036] In some embodiments, the circulating water tank 2 is connected to the water supply branch 7 through the circulating water tank water supply pipe 27, and the circulating water tank water supply pipe 27 is provided with a circulating water tank outlet valve 5.

[0037] In this embodiment, the circulating water tank outlet valve 5 connects the circulating water tank and the water replenishment branch, enabling the reuse of the highly activated water that has met the standards in the circulating water tank to the waste heat discharge system. This effectively reduces the consumption of fresh water replenishment, saves water resources, and lowers operating costs. Simultaneously, it expands the range of water sources available for replenishment, allowing the system to use both external fresh water and water that meets the standards in the circulating water tank, thus improving the flexibility of online water exchange operations. Furthermore, the compliant water delivered by the circulating water tank outlet valve 5 directly participates in water exchange, ensuring water quality improvement and avoiding the pressure of discharging substandard water for treatment, further enhancing the system's environmental friendliness and resource utilization efficiency.

[0038] In some embodiments, the water supply branch 7 located between the water supply valve 22 and the water supply flow meter 21 is connected to the circulating water tank 2 via a second return water pipe 26, and a circulating water tank recirculation valve 6 is provided on the second return water pipe 26. In this embodiment, during online water exchange, the return flow rate from the circulating water tank 2 to the water supply branch 7 can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the opening of the circulating water tank recirculation valve 6. This not only works in conjunction with the water supply flow meter and the drainage flow meter to achieve precise matching of water supply and drainage flow rates, maintaining a stable system water volume, but also balances the pressure inside the circulating water tank, avoiding safety risks caused by pressure fluctuations in the pipeline.

[0039] In some embodiments, the water supply branch 7 located between the water supply valve 22 and the water supply flow meter 21 is connected to a discharge pipe 28, and a water tank discharge valve 20 is provided on the discharge pipe 28. In this embodiment, when the water in the water supply tank 8 or the circulating water tank 2 becomes unusable due to pollution or failure to meet standards through standing, the water tank discharge valve 20 can be quickly opened to discharge the substandard water to the wastewater treatment system, preventing it from entering the main loop of the waste heat discharge system and affecting the water quality improvement effect; before system maintenance or repair, the residual water in the water supply branch can be drained through the water tank discharge valve 20, reducing operational risks and improving maintenance convenience.

[0040] Among them, the drain valve 3, the circulating water tank recirculation valve 6, the first water supply pump outlet valve 13, the second water supply pump outlet valve 18, the water supply tank recirculation valve 19, the water tank discharge valve 20, and the water supply valve 22 are normally kept fully closed, while the circulating water tank outlet valve 5, the first water supply pump inlet valve 9, the second water supply pump inlet valve 14, the water supply tank outlet valve 23, and the circulation shut-off valve 24 are normally kept fully open.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a second aspect, an online water exchange method for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system is provided, comprising the following steps: a. Open the recirculation valve 19 of the water supply tank.

[0042] b. Start the pumping device. Start the first water supply pump 10 or the second water supply pump 15, and open the corresponding first water supply pump outlet valve 13 or second water supply pump outlet valve 18.

[0043] c. Adjust the opening of the water supply tank recirculation valve 19 to a suitable position according to the flow rate displayed by the water supply flow meter 21.

[0044] d. Close the circulation shut-off valve 24 to cut off the natural circulation of the main loop 100 of the waste heat discharge system.

[0045] e. Simultaneously open the water supply valve 22 and the drain valve 3, so that the water supply branch 7 supplies water to the main loop 100 of the waste heat discharge system and the drain branch 1 drains water to the circulating water tank 2.

[0046] f. Adjust the opening of the drain valve 3 according to the displayed flow value of the drain flow meter 4, and adjust the opening of the water supply valve 22 according to the displayed flow value of the water supply flow meter 21, so as to control the displayed flow values ​​of the drain flow meter 4 and the water supply flow meter 21 to be the same, so that the water supply and drainage flow rates are consistent.

[0047] g. After detecting that the water quality of the waste heat discharge system meets the standards, simultaneously close the water supply valve 22 and the drain valve 3.

[0048] h. Open the circulation shut-off valve 24 to restore the natural circulation of the main loop.

[0049] i. Shut down the water supply pump started in step b and restore the other valves to their initial state.

[0050] j. Online water change complete.

[0051] In some embodiments, in step e, the water source for the water replenishment branch 7 comes from the water that has been allowed to stand in the circulating water tank 2 and meets the standards. The specific steps include: opening the outlet valve 5 of the circulating water tank to allow the water that has been allowed to stand in the circulating water tank 2 and meets the standards to enter the water replenishment branch 7; starting the pumping device to transport the water that meets the standards in the circulating water tank 2 to the main loop 100 of the waste heat discharge system.

[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An online water exchange system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system, characterized in that, include: Waste heat removal system main loop (100); The drainage system includes a drainage branch (1) and a circulating water tank (2). One end of the drainage branch (1) is connected to the main loop (100) of the waste heat discharge system, and the other end of the drainage branch (1) is connected to the circulating water tank (2). A drainage valve (3) and a drainage flow meter (4) are installed on the drainage branch (1). The water supply system includes a water supply branch (7) and a water supply tank (8). The water supply branch (7) is equipped with a water supply valve (22), a water supply flow meter (21), and a pumping device. The shut-off device is installed on the main loop (100) of the waste heat discharge system between the drainage branch (1) and the water supply branch (7) to shut off the natural circulation of the main loop (100) of the waste heat discharge system.

2. The online water exchange system of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pumping device includes: At least two branch pipes are connected in parallel on the water supply branch (7); At least two water supply pumps are provided, each of which is installed on a branch pipeline. Each water supply pump is equipped with an inlet valve at its inlet and a check valve, an outlet valve, and a pressure gauge at its outlet.

3. The online water exchange system of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply branch (7) located between the water supply valve (22) and the water supply flow meter (21) is connected to the water supply tank (8) through the first return water pipeline (25), and the first return water pipeline (25) is equipped with a water supply tank recirculation valve (19).

4. The online water exchange system of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water supply outlet valve (23) is provided on the water supply branch (7) between the pumping device and the water supply tank (8).

5. The online water exchange system of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating water tank (2) is connected to the water supply branch (7) through the circulating water tank water supply pipe (27), and the circulating water tank water supply pipe (27) is equipped with a circulating water tank outlet valve (5).

6. The online water exchange system of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water supply branch (7) located between the water supply valve (22) and the water supply flow meter (21) is connected to the circulating water tank (2) through the second return water pipeline (26), and the second return water pipeline (26) is equipped with a circulating water tank recirculation valve (6).

7. The online water exchange system for the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The water supply branch (7) located between the water supply valve (22) and the water supply flow meter (21) is connected to the discharge pipe (28), and the discharge pipe (28) is equipped with a water tank discharge valve (20).

8. An online water exchange method for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system, characterized in that, The method is based on the online water exchange system of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system according to any one of claims 1-7, and includes the following steps: S1. Close the shut-off device to cut off the natural circulation of the main loop (100) of the waste heat discharge system; S2. Start the pumping device and simultaneously open the water supply valve (22) and the drain valve (3) so that the water supply branch (7) supplies water to the main loop (100) of the waste heat discharge system and the drain branch (1) drains water to the circulating water tank (2). S3. Adjust the opening of the drain valve (3) according to the displayed flow value of the drain flow meter (4), and adjust the opening of the water supply valve (22) according to the displayed flow value of the water supply flow meter (21) to control the displayed flow values ​​of the drain flow meter (4) and the water supply flow meter (21) to be the same, so that the water supply and drainage flow rates are consistent. S4. After detecting that the water quality of the waste heat discharge system meets the standards, simultaneously close the water supply valve (22) and the drain valve (3). S5. Open the cut-off device to restore the natural circulation of the main loop.

9. The online water exchange method for the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Before proceeding to step S1, the following steps are also included: Open the recirculation valve (19) of the water supply tank, start the pumping device, and adjust the opening of the recirculation valve (19) of the water supply tank to a suitable position according to the flow rate displayed by the water supply flow meter (21).

10. The online water replacement method for the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor waste heat removal system according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, the water source for the water replenishment branch (7) comes from the water that has been left to stand in the circulating water tank (2) and meets the standards. The specific steps include: Open the outlet valve (5) of the circulating water tank to allow the water that has been allowed to stand in the circulating water tank (2) to enter the water replenishment branch (7); Start the pumping device to transport the qualified water in the circulating water tank (2) to the main loop (100) of the waste heat discharge system.

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