Electrical equipment and heat dissipation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses electrical equipment and a heat dissipation method thereof. The electrical equipment comprises a shell, and a partition plate extending in the X-axis direction is arranged in the shell so that a protection cavity distributed in the Z-axis direction and a heat dissipation cavity suitable for wind passing can be formed in the shell; the heat dissipation structure comprises a heat dissipation part and a radiator; the first heating element dissipates heat through the heat dissipation part; the second heating element dissipates heat through the radiator; the heat dissipation cavity forms a first air duct and a second air duct; the radiating part is positioned in the first air duct; the radiator is positioned in the second air duct; the first heat dissipation fan is arranged in the heat dissipation cavity and drives air flow to pass through the heat dissipation part and the heat dissipation device in the X-axis direction. The first heating element and the second heating element do not influence each other, and the heat dissipation effect is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of heat dissipation of electrical equipment, and in particular to an electrical equipment and a heat dissipation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing inverter generally includes an input and output module, an IGBT power module, and a reactor module. The IGBT power module has a large heat dissipation and low temperature resistance, and a separate heat sink is generally provided to dissipate heat. Generally, the IGBT power module and the input and output module are placed in a separate closed chamber, a separate cooling fan is provided in the closed chamber to realize the circulation of heat dissipation in the closed chamber, and the reactor module and the heat sink for dissipating heat of the IGBT module are placed outside the chamber and realize the external circulation of heat dissipation through the cooling fan. The heat flow of the heat dissipation of the multiple heat generating devices will interfere with each other, affecting the overall heat dissipation effect. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide an electrical equipment and a heat dissipation method thereof, which do not affect the heat of multiple heat generating devices, and guarantee the heat dissipation effect.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application and its preferred embodiments adopt the following technical solutions, but the embodiments are not limited to the following solutions: Technical solution one and its related embodiments provide an electrical equipment, which includes a shell, a partition plate extending along the X-axis direction is provided in the shell to form a protection cavity and a heat dissipation cavity suitable for air flow in the Z-axis direction; a heat dissipation structure including a heat dissipation part and a heat sink, the heat dissipation part protrudes along the Z-axis direction and extends into the heat dissipation cavity, and includes a plurality of heat dissipation fins extending along the X-axis direction and spaced along the Y-axis direction; the heat sink protrudes along the Z-axis direction and extends into the heat dissipation cavity, and includes a body and a plurality of fins protruding from the body along the Y-axis direction, each fin extending along the X-axis direction and spaced along the Z-axis direction; a first heat generating device is placed in the protection cavity corresponding to the position of the heat dissipation part and dissipates heat through the heat dissipation part; a second heat generating device is accommodated in the body; a first air inlet and a second air inlet are arranged along the Y-axis direction on one side of the heat dissipation cavity along the X-axis direction, and a first air outlet and a second air outlet are arranged along the Z-axis direction on the other side of the heat dissipation cavity, the first air outlet is closer to the partition plate than the second air outlet; the first air inlet and the first air outlet are communicated to form a first air duct, and the second air inlet and the second air outlet are communicated to form a second air duct; the heat dissipation part is located in the first air duct, and the heat sink is located in the second air duct; and a first cooling fan is placed in the heat dissipation cavity and drives the air flow to pass through the heat dissipation part and the heat sink along the X-axis direction.

[0005] Based on technical solution one, there is also technical solution two. In technical solution two and its related embodiments, the partition plate is provided with an opening, and the heat dissipation structure further includes a liquid cooling plate. The liquid cooling plate closes the opening to make the protective cavity relatively sealed. The liquid cooling plate is provided with a first heat dissipation surface facing the protective cavity and a second heat dissipation surface facing the heat dissipation cavity. The heat dissipation part protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface along the Z-axis and extends into the heat dissipation cavity through the opening. The radiator protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface of the liquid cooling plate along the Z-axis and extends into the heat dissipation cavity through the opening.

[0006] Based on technical solution two, there is also technical solution three. In technical solution three and its related embodiments, there is also a third heating element. The third heating element is placed in the protective cavity and attached to the first heat dissipation surface, and its position corresponds to that of the heat sink.

[0007] Based on technical solution three, there is also technical solution four. In technical solution four and its related embodiments, the number of the second heating element is the same as the number of heat sinks and is at least two. Each second heating element is installed in each body in a one-to-one correspondence. Each heat sink is arranged at intervals along the Y-axis direction and at intervals along the X-axis direction with the heat dissipation part.

[0008] Based on technical solution four, technical solution five is also provided. In technical solution five and its related embodiments, the heat dissipation cavity is provided with a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber. The first chamber is provided with a first vent along the X-axis on one side of the second and third chambers and away from the second and third chambers. The second and third chambers are provided with a second vent and a third vent respectively along the Z-axis and away from the first chamber. The second heat dissipation surface of the liquid cooling plate forms the top wall of the first chamber and the top wall of the second chamber. The first chamber is provided with a number of compartments along the Y-axis equal to the number of heat sinks. Each compartment is distributed in a one-to-one correspondence; adjacent compartments are provided with air passage gaps, and each air passage gap connects to the second chamber along the X-axis to form a first air duct. The first vent corresponding to the air passage gap forms the first air inlet, and the second vent forms the first air outlet; each compartment connects to the third chamber along the X-axis to form a second air duct, and the first vent corresponding to the compartment forms the second air inlet, and the third vent forms the second air outlet; the heat dissipation unit is located in the second chamber; the first heat dissipation fan drives the airflow through the heat dissipation cavity along the X-axis; the third heat-generating element corresponds to the position of the first chamber.

[0009] Based on technical solution five, technical solution six is ​​also provided. In technical solution six and its related embodiments, the second chamber and the third chamber are separated by a first air guide plate parallel to the liquid cooling plate, and the first air guide plate abuts against the free ends of each heat sink; a second air guide plate is provided between the partition and the third chamber, and the second air guide plate is inclined from the liquid cooling plate toward the first air guide plate in a direction away from the partition; a third air guide plate is provided between the air passage interval and the second chamber, and the third air guide plate is inclined from the bottom wall of the first chamber toward the first air guide plate in a direction away from the air passage interval; each fin is distributed on both sides of the body along the Y-axis direction and abuts against the side wall of the partition.

[0010] Based on any one of technical solutions three to six, a technical solution seven is also provided. In technical solution seven and its related embodiments, a second heat dissipation fan is further placed inside the protective cavity; the heat dissipation structure further includes a heat exchange section protruding from the first heat dissipation surface, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the heat exchange section is provided with a cooling liquid flow channel connecting the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet; the second heat dissipation fan is placed inside the protective cavity and is adapted to form a circulating airflow passing through the heat exchange section, the first heating element and the third heating element.

[0011] Based on technical solution seven, technical solution eight is also provided. In technical solution eight and its related embodiments, the liquid inlet and liquid outlet are connected by separate liquid cooling pipes, and the portion of the liquid cooling pipes that penetrates each heat exchange section forms the coolant flow channel; the heat exchange section includes a plurality of heat dissipation blades that protrude from the first heat dissipation surface along the Z-axis direction, extend along the X-axis direction, and are spaced apart along the Y-axis direction; the liquid cooling pipes penetrate each heat dissipation blade at least partially along the Y-axis direction; the axis of the second heat dissipation fan extends along the X-axis direction.

[0012] Based on technical solution eight, technical solution nine is also provided. In technical solution nine and its related embodiments, a wind deflector is further included; the second cooling fan and the heat exchange section are opposite to each other along the X-axis and are connected by the wind deflector to form an air passage; the third heating element and the first heating element are respectively located on both sides of the heat exchange section along the X-axis; the heat output of the second heating element is greater than that of the third heating element and less than that of the first heating element; the liquid cooling pipe is provided with a first heat dissipation section for dissipating heat from the first heating element and a second heat dissipation section for dissipating heat from the second and third heating elements; the inlet end and outlet end of the coolant flow channel are respectively connected to the inlet port and the inlet end of the first heat dissipation section; the inlet end and outlet end of the second heat dissipation section are respectively connected to the outlet end of the first heat dissipation section and the outlet port.

[0013] Based on technical solution nine, technical solution ten is also provided. In technical solution ten and its related embodiments, the first heating element includes a power board and a power element supported on the power board, and the third heating element includes an input / output board and input / output electrical components supported on the input / output board. The input / output board and the power board are both supported on a first heat dissipation surface and are spaced apart from the first heat dissipation surface along the Z-axis. The airflow of the second cooling fan is adapted to pass through the two surfaces of the input / output board and the power board along the Z-axis. The power element is attached to the first heat dissipation surface and located between the power board and the first heat dissipation surface. The liquid cooling pipe has an inlet section and an outlet section extending along the X-axis. The inlet section and the outlet section extend between the input / output board and the first heat dissipation surface and extend out of the housing.

[0014] Technical Solution 11 and its related embodiments provide a heat dissipation method for electrical equipment, wherein the electrical equipment is as described in any one of Technical Solutions 1 to 9, and the heat dissipation method includes: when the external temperature is lower than a first set value or the temperature inside the protective cavity is lower than a second set value, controlling the electrical equipment to dissipate heat by air cooling; when the external temperature is higher than a third set value and the temperature inside the protective cavity is higher than a fourth set value, controlling the electrical equipment to dissipate heat by a combination of air cooling and liquid cooling.

[0015] As can be seen from the above description of the present invention and its preferred embodiments, compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention and its preferred embodiments have the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the following technical means:

[0016] Through continuous observation, experimentation and research, the applicant has learned that the reason for the technical problem of "low heat dissipation efficiency, low power density and single heat dissipation method of existing inverters" in the existing technical solutions is that the existing inverters use air cooling, and the heat dissipation in the sealed cavity is mainly through turbulence fans and thermal radiation. This not only requires a large turbulence space and heat exchange area, but also results in low power density and poor heat dissipation efficiency.

[0017] In the first technical solution and its preferred embodiment, the arrangement of the first and second air ducts in this technical solution makes the airflow directions of the radiator and the heat dissipation part independent of each other and does not interfere with each other. This avoids the heat accumulation caused by the upstream hot airflow to the downstream structure to be cooled due to the radiator and heat dissipation part being arranged along the X-axis direction as much as possible. The heat dissipation efficiency is high. Therefore, this technical solution achieves efficient heat dissipation of the radiator and heat dissipation part in the entire electrical equipment with a small area occupied in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation of the first and second heat-generating components.

[0018] In technical solution two and its preferred embodiments, the liquid cooling plate should be a liquid cooling plate with thermal conductivity, which can transfer the heat of the first heating element to the heat dissipation part located on the other side of the liquid cooling plate. The first heating element is placed in the protective cavity. Since the protective cavity is relatively sealed, the first heating element has good protection. The advantage of this technical solution lies in the diversification of heat dissipation methods. Specifically, the heat dissipation part protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface of the liquid cooling plate and extends into the heat dissipation cavity. Therefore, the heat of the first heating element can be carried away by the heat dissipation part through air cooling, and it can also be carried away by the liquid cooling plate through liquid cooling. Similarly, the heat of the liquid cooling plate (mainly the heat of the second heat dissipation surface) can be carried away by the first cooling fan through air cooling. The heat of the heat dissipation part can also be transferred to the liquid cooling plate and carried away by the coolant of the liquid cooling plate. Therefore, the liquid cooling plate and the heat dissipation part can form a synergistic effect to achieve efficient heat dissipation. In practical applications, this technical solution offers diverse heat dissipation methods, enabling the implementation of various heat dissipation approaches (liquid cooling and / or air cooling). For example, when the temperature inside the protective cavity is low or the ambient temperature is low, liquid cooling can be shut off, relying solely on air cooling. In this mode, there is no need to further cool the liquid cooling plate, resulting in low energy consumption. When both the temperature inside the protective cavity and the ambient temperature are high, liquid cooling and air cooling can be activated simultaneously to ensure the normal operation of the first heat-generating component. Alternatively, when the ambient temperature is moderate, only liquid cooling can be activated. Therefore, the technical solution of this application not only ensures the protection of the first heat-generating component but also offers diverse heat dissipation methods. This allows for switching between multiple heat dissipation modes based on changes in ambient temperature and the operation of electrical equipment, ensuring heat dissipation efficiency while minimizing energy consumption. Furthermore, since liquid cooling can be used inside the protective cavity, the cavity no longer relies solely on thermal radiation for heat dissipation, reducing the required turbulence space and wall heat exchange area within the cavity, resulting in higher power density.

[0019] The radiator protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface of the liquid cooling plate and extends into the heat dissipation cavity. The radiator includes a body for accommodating the second heat-generating element and several fins protruding from the body along the Y-axis. The heat from the second heat-generating element can be transferred to the fins through the body and carried away by the airflow of the first cooling fan. The heat from the second heat-generating element can also be transferred to the liquid cooling plate and carried away by the coolant in the liquid cooling plate. The liquid cooling plate and the radiator can form a synergistic effect to achieve efficient heat dissipation of the second heat-generating element. Compared with placing the second heat-generating element in the protective cavity, this technical solution can reduce the length of the electrical equipment along the X-axis, thus making it more widely applicable. In practical applications, the second heat-generating element can be an electrical component with lower protection than the first heat-generating element.

[0020] In technical solution three and its preferred embodiments, the third heating element is attached to the first heat dissipation surface and corresponds to the position of the second heating element. Therefore, the heat from the third heating element can be carried away by the liquid cooling plate through the coolant, or transferred to the radiator and carried away by the radiator. This ensures that the third heating element has high heat dissipation efficiency in liquid-cooled only, air-cooled only, or a combination of air-cooled and liquid-cooled modes. In practical applications, the first, second, and third heating elements can be pre-installed on the heat dissipation structure, which facilitates modular installation and reduces on-site installation difficulty.

[0021] In the fourth technical solution and its preferred embodiment, each second heating element is installed in the main body in a one-to-one correspondence, that is, each second heating element is provided with a heat sink, which has high heat dissipation efficiency; each heat sink is arranged at intervals along the Y-axis direction and at intervals along the X-axis direction with the heat dissipation part, so that the entire electrical equipment occupies a small area in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, and is conducive to forming an air duct.

[0022] In technical solution five and its preferred embodiment, the internal structure of the heat dissipation cavity is arranged so that each compartment is connected to the third chamber to form a first air duct, and each air passage is connected to the second chamber to form a second air duct. The structure is simple and ingenious, the two air ducts are independent of each other, each heat sink is distributed in each compartment in a corresponding manner, and the heat dissipation part is located in the second chamber. This further enables the entire electrical equipment to achieve efficient heat dissipation of the heat sink and heat dissipation part while occupying a small area in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation of the first and second heat-generating components. The third heat-generating component is positioned corresponding to the first chamber. Therefore, the airflow flowing through the entire first chamber can dissipate heat for the third heat-generating component, resulting in high heat dissipation efficiency of the third heat-generating component.

[0023] In technical solution six and its preferred embodiments, the arrangement of the first, second, and third air guide plates facilitates the connection of each air passage interval to the second chamber along the X-axis, and the connection of each compartment to the third chamber along the X-axis, while minimizing wind resistance. The first air guide plate abuts against the free ends of each heat sink fin, resulting in faster airflow and higher heat dissipation efficiency compared to a solution where an air passage interval is formed between the free ends of the heat sink fins and the first air guide plate. The fins are distributed on both sides of the body along the Y-axis and abut against the side walls of the compartments, further ensuring that the airflow completely passes over the surface of the fins. Compared to a solution where an interval is formed between the fins and the side walls of the compartments, this also results in faster airflow and higher heat dissipation efficiency.

[0024] In technical solution seven and its preferred embodiments, since the heat exchange section is provided with a coolant flow channel connecting the inlet and outlet, the circulating airflow of the second cooling fan passes through the heat exchange section, thus allowing the heat exchange section to exchange heat with the liquid cooling plate. The liquid cooling plate can carry away the heat from the heat exchange section, thereby reducing its temperature. Conversely, the heat exchange section can also carry away the heat from the surface of the liquid cooling plate (mainly the first heat dissipation surface). Because the heat exchange section is provided with a coolant flow channel connecting the inlet and outlet, compared to the heat exchange section merely being in contact with the liquid cooling plate, this technical solution introduces the coolant from the liquid cooling plate into the heat exchange section. In the heat exchange section, the heat dissipation effect is enhanced, resulting in a lower temperature of the circulating airflow generated by the cooling fan after passing through the heat exchange section. This leads to better heat dissipation for the first and third heating elements. Because this technical solution indirectly introduces the liquid cooling effect of the liquid cooling plate into the protective cavity through the heat exchange section, the entire protective cavity has high heat dissipation efficiency. The protective cavity within the shell no longer dissipates heat solely through thermal radiation, reducing the turbulence space and wall heat exchange area required by the cooling fan, resulting in high power density. Furthermore, the number of fans can be significantly reduced, leading to lower noise. Therefore, the power conversion device of this application has high power density, strong protection, low noise, and high heat dissipation efficiency.

[0025] In technical solution eight and its preferred embodiments, the inlet and outlet of the liquid-cooled plate are connected by a separate liquid-cooled pipe. The portion of the liquid-cooled pipe that penetrates each heat exchange section forms a coolant flow channel. On the one hand, this avoids the leakage problem caused by connecting the coolant flow channel of the heat exchange section to the inlet and outlet in other ways (such as parallel connection or separate pipe welding to the liquid-cooled plate), thus avoiding potential safety hazards in the sealed protective cavity. On the other hand, compared with other connection methods, this series connection method does not require additional adapters, thus making the space occupied by the heat exchange section in the protective cavity smaller, which is beneficial to the layout of the heat-generating components in the protective cavity. The structure of the heat exchange section is easy to process, low in cost, and occupies little space in the protective cavity; the liquid-cooled pipe penetrates each heat sink at least partially along the Y-axis direction, which facilitates the cooperation with each heat sink blade to form a wind-liquid heat exchange structure, which is convenient to process and ensures full contact between the coolant flow channel and each heat sink blade, resulting in high heat exchange efficiency; the axis of the second cooling fan extends along the X-axis direction, thus reducing wind resistance and ensuring that the temperature of the circulating airflow is low after passing through the heat exchange section.

[0026] In technical solution nine and its preferred embodiments, the second cooling fan and the heat exchange section are opposite to each other along the X-axis and connected by a baffle to form an airflow duct. Therefore, the airflow delivered by the second cooling fan is a circulating airflow that has undergone sufficient heat exchange with the heat exchange section, resulting in a lower temperature and higher heat dissipation efficiency. The first and third heating elements are located on opposite sides of the heat exchange section along the X-axis, making it easier for the circulating airflow to pass over the surfaces of the first and third heating elements, thus achieving high heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, the fact that the second cooling fan and the heat exchange section are opposite to each other reduces wind resistance, increases airflow efficiency, and facilitates the installation of an airflow duct while minimizing the area occupied by the baffle, which is beneficial for the layout of the first and third heating elements.

[0027] In this design, the heat output of the second heating element is greater than that of the third heating element but less than that of the first heating element. In this technical solution, the coolant flows in from the inlet, passes through the heat exchange section, then the first heating element, then the third heating element, and finally flows to the outlet. This ensures rapid heat dissipation of the liquid cooling of the first heating element and makes the airflow cool down significantly after passing through the air-liquid heat exchange section. This makes the heat dissipation of the first and third heating elements more balanced. The above arrangement is more conducive to maintaining the heat dissipation balance of the first, second, and third heating elements.

[0028] In technical solution ten and its preferred embodiments, the power element is attached to the liquid cooling plate, resulting in high heat dissipation efficiency and extending the service life of the power element. The electrical components of the power module located on the side of the power board away from the power element are primarily cooled by the circulating airflow of the second cooling fan. The airflow of the second cooling fan is suitable for passing through the two surfaces of the power board along the Z-axis, allowing the two surfaces of the power board and the power element to also be cooled by the circulating airflow of the cooling fan, further improving heat dissipation efficiency. The input / output board is spaced along the Z-axis from the first heat dissipation surface, thus the circulating airflow generated by the second cooling fan easily passes through the two surfaces of the input / output board along the Z-axis, further improving the heat dissipation effect of the third heat-generating component. This advantage is even more pronounced in electrical equipment that uses only air cooling or a combination of air and liquid cooling.

[0029] The liquid inlet section and liquid outlet section extend between the input / output plate and the first heat dissipation surface and protrude from the housing. This facilitates the connection or maintenance of electrical equipment at one end of the housing along the X-axis, making it more convenient. Furthermore, this arrangement of the liquid inlet section and liquid outlet section mainly occupies space in the Z-axis direction, resulting in high space utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments are briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical equipment in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view along the AA direction;

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Sectional view in the BB direction;

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation structure in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation structure in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the concealed protective cavity portion of the electrical equipment housing according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the housing of the electrical equipment with the heat dissipation cavity hidden in this embodiment;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the air duct plate inside the heat dissipation cavity in this embodiment.

[0041] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0042] 10. Shell; 11. Partition; 111. Opening; 01. Protective cavity; 02. Heat dissipation cavity; 20. Liquid cooling plate; 21. Plate body; 211. Coolant channel; 22. Liquid cooling pipe; 22. Inlet section; 222. Outlet section; 223. Heat exchange section; 224. First heat dissipation section; 225. Second heat dissipation section; 23. First heat dissipation surface; 24. Second heat dissipation surface; 03. Inlet; 04. Heat dissipation part; 30. Heat dissipation fins; 31. Radiator; 40. Body; 41. Fins; 42. Heat exchange part; 50. Heat dissipation blades; 51. First heating element; 60. Power plate; 61. Power Component 62; Electrical component 63; Second heating element 70; Third heating element 80; Input / output board 81; Input / output electrical component 82; First cooling fan 91; Second cooling fan 92; Wind baffle 100; Wind baffle wall 101; Air outlet 102; Air duct 05; First chamber 06; Partition 061; Air passage interval 062; First ventilation opening 063; Second chamber 07; Second ventilation opening 071; Third chamber 08; Third ventilation opening 081; First air guide plate 021; Second air guide plate 022; Third air guide plate 023. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as excluding other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Unless otherwise expressly defined, the use of terms such as "first," "second," or "third" in the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this invention is for distinguishing different objects and not for describing a specific order.

[0045] Unless otherwise expressly defined, in the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this invention, the use of directional terms such as "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise" to indicate orientation or positional relationships is based on the orientation and positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the specific scope of protection of this invention.

[0046] Unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "fixed connection" or "fixed connection" used in the claims, description and drawings of this invention should be interpreted broadly to refer to any connection in which there is no displacement or relative rotation relationship between the two parties, including non-removable fixed connection, detachable fixed connection, integral connection and fixed connection by other means or components.

[0047] In the claims, description and accompanying drawings of this invention, the terms "comprising," "having," and variations thereof are used to mean "including but not limited to."

[0048] In the claims and the description other than the embodiments, the terms "X-axis direction," "Y-axis direction," and "Z-axis direction" only refer to a feature having one of the aforementioned directions being perpendicular to a feature having another direction, and do not require that they be implemented according to the "X-axis direction," "Y-axis direction," and "Z-axis direction" described in the embodiments. In the embodiments, the X-axis direction is perpendicular to both the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. The X-axis direction can be divided into left and right, the Y-axis direction into front and back, and the Z-axis direction into up and down.

[0049] See Figures 1-10 , Figures 1-10 An electrical device is shown, including a housing 10, a heat dissipation structure, a first heating element 60, a second heating element 70, a third heating element 80, a first cooling fan 91, a second cooling fan 92, and a wind deflector 100.

[0050] See Figures 1-5 The housing 10 is rectangular, with its length along the X-axis, its width along the Y-axis, and its height along the Z-axis. Inside the housing 10, a partition 11 extending along the X-axis forms a protective cavity 01 arranged along the Z-axis and a heat dissipation cavity 02 suitable for airflow. The partition 11 has an opening 111. Figures 3-4 In the middle, two openings 111 are arranged on the partition 11 along the X-axis direction.

[0051] The heat dissipation structure includes a liquid cooling plate 20, a heat dissipation section 30, and a radiator 40. The liquid cooling plate 20 closes the opening 111 to make the protective cavity 01 relatively sealed. In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 20 is fixed to the partition plate 11 and located inside the protective cavity 01. The liquid cooling plate 20 is provided with a first heat dissipation surface 23 facing the protective cavity 01 and a second heat dissipation surface 24 facing the heat dissipation cavity 02. The heat dissipation section 30 protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface 24 along the Z-axis and extends into the heat dissipation cavity 02 through one of the openings 111. It includes a plurality of heat dissipation fins 31 extending along the X-axis and spaced apart along the Y-axis. The radiator 40 protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface 24 of the liquid cooling plate 20 along the Z-axis and extends into the heat dissipation cavity 02 through another opening 111. The radiator 40 includes a body 41 for accommodating the second heat-generating element 70 and a plurality of fins 42 protruding from the body 41 along the Y-axis. Each fin 42 extends along the X-axis and is spaced apart along the Z-axis. Figure 7 In this embodiment, the fins 42 are distributed on both sides of the body 41 along the Y-axis. The number of second heating elements 70 is the same as the number of radiators 40, and there are at least two. Each second heating element 70 is installed in the body 41 in a one-to-one correspondence. The body 41 is a cuboid structure with an opening 111 at the top, which is blocked by a liquid cooling plate 20. The bottom can be opened to allow the second heating elements 70 to enter and exit. After the second heating elements 70 are installed, the bottom opening is blocked. Each radiator 40 is arranged at intervals along the Y-axis and at intervals along the X-axis with the heat dissipation part 30. As a result, the entire electrical equipment occupies a small area in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, which is conducive to the formation of air ducts.

[0052] The first heating element 60 is placed inside the protective cavity 01 and attached to the first heat dissipation surface 23, corresponding to the position of the heat dissipation part 30; the third heating element 80 is placed inside the protective cavity 01 and attached to the first heat dissipation surface 23, corresponding to the position of each heat sink 40.

[0053] It should be understood that the liquid cooling plate 20 in this embodiment should be a liquid cooling plate 20 with heat conduction properties, which can transfer the heat from the first heating element 60 to the heat dissipation part 30 located on the other side of the liquid cooling plate 20, and can also transfer the heat from the third heating element 80 to the heat sink 40 located on the other side of the liquid cooling plate 20. In this embodiment, both the heat dissipation part 30 and the heat sink 40 are welded to the liquid cooling plate 20.

[0054] See Figure 3 The first cooling fan 91 is placed inside the cooling cavity 02 and drives airflow along the X-axis direction through the cooling section 30 and each radiator 40. The second cooling fan 92 is placed inside the protective cavity 01 and forms a circulating airflow through the first heating element 60 and the third heating element 80. In this embodiment, the axes of both the first cooling fan 91 and the second cooling fan 92 extend along the X-axis direction.

[0055] Therefore, the first heating element 60, the second heating element 70 and the third heating element 80 can all dissipate heat through liquid cooling and / or air cooling. The first heating element 60 and the third heating element 80 are placed in the protective cavity 01. Since the protective cavity 01 is relatively sealed, the first heating element 60 and the third heating element 80 have good protection.

[0056] The advantage of this embodiment lies in the diversification of heat dissipation methods. Specifically, the heat dissipation part 30 protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface 24 of the liquid cooling plate 20 and extends into the heat dissipation cavity 02. Therefore, the heat of the first heat-generating element 60 can be carried away by the heat dissipation part 30 through air cooling, by the liquid cooling plate 20 through liquid cooling, and by the second cooling fan 92 through air cooling. Similarly, the heat of the second heat dissipation surface 24 of the liquid cooling plate 20 can be carried away by the first cooling fan 91 through air cooling, and the heat of the first heat dissipation surface 23 can be carried away by the second cooling fan 92 through air cooling. The heat of the heat dissipation part 30 can also be transferred to the liquid cooling plate 20 and carried away by the coolant of the liquid cooling plate 20. Therefore, the liquid cooling plate 20 and the heat dissipation part 30 can form a synergistic effect to achieve efficient heat dissipation. The third heating element 80 is attached to the first heat dissipation surface 23 and corresponds to the position of the radiator 40. Therefore, the heat of the third heating element 80 can be carried away by the liquid cooling plate 20 through the coolant, transferred to the radiator 40 and carried away by the radiator 40, or carried away by the second cooling fan 92 through air cooling. The heat of the second heating element 70 can be transferred to the fins 42 through the body 41 and carried away by the airflow of the first cooling fan 91. The heat of the second heating element 70 can also be transferred to the liquid cooling plate 20 and carried away by the coolant of the liquid cooling plate 20. The liquid cooling plate 20 and the radiator 40 can form a synergistic effect to achieve efficient heat dissipation of the second heating element 70. Therefore, the first heating element 60, the second heating element 70, and the third heating element 80 have high heat dissipation efficiency in liquid cooling only, air cooling only, or a combination of air cooling and liquid cooling. In addition, compared with the second heating element 70 also being placed in the protective cavity 01, this embodiment can reduce the length of the electrical equipment along the X-axis, thus making the application scenarios wider. Each second heating element 70 is installed in each body 41 in a corresponding manner, that is, each second heating element 70 is provided with a heat sink 40, which has high heat dissipation efficiency.

[0057] In practical applications, this application offers diverse heat dissipation methods, thus providing conditions for implementing various heat dissipation methods (liquid cooling and / or air cooling). For example, when the temperature inside the protective cavity 01 is low or the outside temperature is low, liquid cooling can be turned off and only air cooling can be used for heat dissipation. Under this heat dissipation method, there is no need to cool the liquid cooling plate 20, resulting in low energy consumption. When the temperature inside the protective cavity 01 is high and the outside temperature is high, liquid cooling and air cooling are turned on simultaneously to ensure the normal operation of each heat-generating component. Alternatively, when the outside temperature is moderate, only liquid cooling can be turned on. Therefore, this embodiment not only ensures the protection of the first heat-generating component 60 and the third heat-generating component 80, but also offers diverse heat dissipation methods. Thus, it is possible to switch between multiple heat dissipation methods according to changes in the external ambient temperature and the operation of the electrical equipment, ensuring heat dissipation efficiency and minimizing energy consumption. Furthermore, since liquid cooling can be used inside the protective cavity 01, the protective cavity 01 no longer dissipates heat solely through thermal radiation. The required turbulence space and wall heat exchange area inside the protective cavity 01 are reduced, resulting in high power density. In practical applications, the first heating element 60, the second heating element 70, and the third heating element 80 can be pre-installed on the heat dissipation structure, which is conducive to modular installation and reduces the difficulty of on-site installation.

[0058] The following section will first introduce the relatively sealed protective cavity 01.

[0059] See Figures 6-7 The liquid cooling plate 20 is provided with an inlet 03 and an outlet 04, which are connected by a separate liquid cooling pipe 22. In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 20 includes a plate body 21 and a flow channel provided on the plate body 21. The first heat dissipation surface 23 and the second heat dissipation surface 24 are respectively located on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate body 21. The flow channel connects the inlet 03 and the outlet 04. Specifically, the plate body 21 is provided with a coolant channel 211 with an opening 111 facing upward. The liquid cooling pipe 22 is laid in the coolant channel 211 and part of it is suspended above the plate body 21. One side of the liquid cooling pipe 22 along the X-axis direction is provided with an inlet section 221 and an outlet section 222 extending along the X-axis direction. Both the inlet section 221 and the outlet section 222 extend along the X-axis direction through the protective cavity 01 and form the inlet 03 and the outlet 04. In practical applications, the liquid cooling pipe 22 is a copper pipe or a pipe made of other metal materials.

[0060] See Figure 6The heat dissipation structure also includes a heat exchange section 50 protruding from the first heat dissipation surface 23. The heat exchange section 50 is provided with a coolant flow channel connecting the liquid inlet 03 and the liquid outlet 04. The portion of the liquid cooling pipe 22 that penetrates each heat exchange section 50 forms a coolant flow channel. The heat exchange section 50 includes several heat dissipation blades 51 that protrude from the first heat dissipation surface 23 along the Z-axis, extend along the X-axis, and are spaced apart along the Y-axis, and coolant flow channels. Adjacent heat dissipation blades 51 form an airflow channel along the X-axis. The liquid cooling pipe 22 penetrates each heat dissipation blade 51 at least partially along the Y-axis. Therefore, the heat exchange section 50 and the liquid cooling plate 20 can be processed simultaneously, resulting in low cost and minimal space occupation within the protective cavity 01. The liquid cooling pipe 22 penetrates each heat dissipation blade 51 at least partially along the Y-axis, facilitating the formation of a wind-liquid heat exchange structure with each heat dissipation blade 51. This facilitates processing and ensures sufficient contact between the coolant flow channel and each heat dissipation blade 51, resulting in high heat exchange efficiency. In this embodiment, the liquid cooling pipe 22 includes several heat exchange sections 223 extending along the Y-axis direction. Each heat exchange section 223 extends along the Y-axis direction and is arranged at intervals along the Z-axis direction, which increases the length of the coolant flow channel and thus further improves the heat exchange efficiency between the coolant flow channel and each heat exchange plate.

[0061] It should be understood that in other embodiments, the flow channels of the liquid cooling plate 20 can be formed by a stamping process without the need for a separate liquid cooling pipe 22. The coolant flow channels of the heat exchange section 50 can be connected in parallel with the flow channels of the liquid cooling plate 20 through a connecting pipe. However, in comparison, the inlet 03 and outlet 04 of the liquid cooling plate 20 are connected by a separate liquid cooling pipe 22. The portion of the liquid cooling pipe 22 that passes through each heat exchange section 50 forms a coolant flow channel. On the one hand, this avoids the leakage problem caused by connecting the coolant flow channels of the heat exchange section 50 to the inlet 03 and outlet 04 in other ways (such as parallel connection or separate pipe welding to the liquid cooling plate 20), thereby avoiding potential safety hazards in the sealed protective cavity 01. On the other hand, compared with other connection methods, this series connection method does not require additional adapters, thereby making the space occupied by the heat exchange section 50 in the protective cavity 01 smaller, which is beneficial to the layout of the heat-generating components in the protective cavity 01.

[0062] See Figure 3 The third heating element 80 and the first heating element 60 are located on both sides of the heat exchange section 50 along the X-axis direction, respectively; in order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency in the protective cavity 01, the second cooling fan 92 is opposite to the heat exchange section 50 along the X-axis direction and is connected to the baffle 100 to form an air passage 05; specifically, see Figures 3-5 and Figure 8The baffle 100 is box-shaped and covers the heat exchange section 50. It abuts against the side (top side) of each heat dissipation blade 51 away from the first heat dissipation surface 23. It is spaced apart from both sides of each heat dissipation blade 51 along the Y-axis. On one side of the baffle 100 along the X-axis, there is a baffle wall 101 that is spaced apart from each heat dissipation blade 51 along the X-axis and perpendicular to the X-axis. On the other side, there is an air outlet 102 that is opposite to each air passage. In this embodiment, the baffle wall 101 is perpendicular to the X-axis. The second heat dissipation fan 92 is embedded in the baffle wall 101. The air passage 05 is formed between the baffle wall 101 and each heat dissipation blade 51. The second heat dissipation fan 92 is opposite to the heat exchange section 50, with low wind resistance and high air outlet efficiency. It is also easy to set up the air passage 05 and make the area occupied by the air passage 05 small, which is beneficial to the layout of the first heat-generating element 60 and the third heat-generating element 80. The baffle 100 ensures that the air delivered by the second cooling fan 92 originates from the air ducts of the heat exchange section 50 and the gap between the heat exchange section 50 and the baffle 100, resulting in low wind resistance and improved heat dissipation efficiency of the circulating airflow for the first heating element 60 and the third heating element 80. The second cooling fan 92 is embedded in the baffle wall 101, facilitating installation and occupying a small area, which is beneficial for the layout of the first heating element 60 and the third heating element 80. In this embodiment, the second cooling fan 92 is located near the third heating element 80 and functions as an exhaust fan.

[0063] In this embodiment, the heat generated by the second heating element 70 is greater than that of the third heating element 80 but less than that of the first heating element 60. To achieve a balanced heat dissipation between the first heating element 60 and the third heating element 80, see [reference needed]. Figure 6 The liquid cooling pipe 22 is provided with a first heat dissipation section 224 for dissipating heat from the first heat-generating element 60 and a second heat dissipation section 225 for dissipating heat from the second heat-generating element 70 and the third heat-generating element 80. The inlet and outlet ends of the coolant flow channel are respectively connected to the inlet port 03 and the inlet end of the first heat dissipation section 224, and the inlet and outlet ends of the second heat dissipation section 225 are respectively connected to the outlet end of the first heat dissipation section 224 and the outlet port 04. Therefore, after the coolant flows in from the inlet port 03, it first passes through the heat exchange section 50, then through the first heat-generating element 60, then through the third heat-generating element 80 and the second heat-generating element 70, and then flows to the outlet port 04. This ensures rapid heat dissipation of the first heat-generating element 60 and makes the airflow cool down significantly after passing through the air-liquid heat exchange section 50, making the heat dissipation of the first heat-generating element 60 and the third heat-generating element 80 more balanced. The above arrangement is more conducive to maintaining the heat dissipation balance of the first heat-generating element 60, the second heat-generating element 70 and the third heat-generating element 80.

[0064] Specifically, see Figures 3-5 and Figure 8The first heating element 60 is a power module, the second heating element 70 is a reactor, and the third heating element 80 is an input / output module. The power module is electrically connected to the input / output module and the reactor. The power module includes a power board 61 and a power element 62 supported on the power board 61. The power board 61 is supported on a first heat dissipation surface 23 and forms a gap with the first heat dissipation surface 23 along the Z-axis. The power element 62 is attached to the first heat dissipation surface 23 and located within the power board 61 and the first heat dissipation surface 23. The airflow of the second cooling fan 92 is adapted to pass through the two surfaces of the power board 61 along the Z-axis. The power component 62 is attached to the liquid cooling plate 20, which has high heat dissipation efficiency and thus extends the service life of the power component 62. The electrical components 63 of the power module located on the side of the power board 61 away from the power component 62 are mainly cooled by the circulating airflow of the second cooling fan 92. The airflow of the second cooling fan 92 is suitable to pass through the two surfaces of the power board 61 along the Z-axis, so that the two surfaces of the power board 61 and the power component 62 can also be cooled by the circulating airflow of the second cooling fan 92, which further improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0065] The reactor is housed within the body 41 through a through hole at the bottom of the body 41 of the heat sink 40. In specific implementation, the reactor is encapsulated within the body 41.

[0066] The input / output module includes an input / output board 81 and input / output electrical components 82 mounted on the input / output board 81. The input / output board 81 and the first heat dissipation surface 23 are spaced apart along the Z-axis. The airflow of the second cooling fan 92 is adapted to pass through both surfaces of the input / output board 81 along the Z-axis. The liquid inlet section 221 and the liquid outlet section 222 extend from the input / output board 81 and the first heat dissipation surface 23 and protrude from the housing 10. Thus, the airflow of the second cooling fan 92 is adapted to pass through both surfaces of the input / output board 81 along the Z-axis, allowing both surfaces of the input / output board 81 to be cooled by the circulating airflow of the second cooling fan 92, further improving heat dissipation efficiency. This advantage is even more pronounced in electrical equipment that uses only air cooling or a combination of air and liquid cooling.

[0067] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation advantage within the protective cavity 01 lies in the provision of the heat exchange section 50. Since the heat exchange section 50 has a coolant flow channel connecting the inlet 03 and the outlet 04, the circulating airflow from the second cooling fan 92 passes through the heat exchange section 50. Therefore, the heat exchange section 50 can exchange heat with the liquid cooling plate 20. The liquid cooling plate 20 can carry away the heat from the heat exchange section 50, thereby reducing its temperature. Conversely, the heat exchange section 50 can also carry away the heat from the surface of the liquid cooling plate 20. Because the heat exchange section 50 has a coolant flow channel connecting the inlet 03 and the outlet 04, compared to the heat exchange section 50 merely being in contact with the liquid cooling plate 20, this embodiment allows the liquid cooling plate 20 to... The coolant is introduced into the heat exchange section 50, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the heat exchange section 50. Therefore, the circulating airflow formed by the second cooling fan 92 has a lower temperature after passing through the heat exchange section 50, and the heat dissipation effect of the first heating element 60 and the third heating element 80 is better. Since the liquid cooling effect of the liquid cooling plate 20 is indirectly introduced into the protective cavity 01 through the heat exchange section 50 in this embodiment, the entire protective cavity 01 has a high heat dissipation efficiency. The protective cavity 01 in the shell 10 no longer dissipates heat only through thermal radiation. The turbulence space and wall heat exchange area required by the cooling fan are reduced, the power density is high, and the number of fans can be greatly reduced, resulting in low noise. Therefore, the power conversion device of this application, after adopting liquid cooling, has high power density, strong protection, low noise, and high heat dissipation efficiency.

[0068] Next, we will introduce the air-cooled heat dissipation within the heat dissipation cavity 02. Since the heat sinks 40 and heat dissipation units 30 are arranged along the X-axis, and the axis of the first cooling fan 91 extends along the X-axis and is located on one side of the heat dissipation cavity 02 along the X-axis, in practical applications, it is easy for hot air from upstream to flow to the downstream heat sinks 40 or heat dissipation units 30. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation cavity 02 has an air inlet on one side along the X-axis and an air outlet on the other side. The first cooling fan 91 is installed at the air inlet and acts as a blower.

[0069] The advantage of this embodiment lies in the improvement of the internal structure of the heat dissipation cavity 02. Specifically, a first air inlet and a second air inlet are arranged along the Y-axis on one side of the heat dissipation cavity 02 along the X-axis, and a first air outlet and a second air outlet are arranged along the Z-axis on the other side. The first air outlet is closer to the partition 11 than the second air outlet. It should be understood that the first air inlet and the second air inlet are close to the air inlet of the entire heat dissipation cavity 02, but there is still a certain distance between them along the X-axis. The first air outlet and the second air outlet form the exhaust outlet of the entire heat dissipation cavity 02. It should be understood that in the embodiment where the first heat dissipation fan 91 is an exhaust fan, the first heat dissipation fan 91 is installed at the exhaust outlet, and the first air inlet and the second air inlet can form the air inlet of the heat dissipation cavity 02. The first air inlet and the first air outlet are connected to form a first air duct, and the second air inlet and the second air outlet are connected to form a second air duct. The heat dissipation part 30 is located in the first air duct; each heat sink 40 is located in the second air duct.

[0070] See Figures 3-4 and Figures 9-10 The heat dissipation cavity 02 is provided with a first chamber 06, a second chamber 07, and a third chamber 08. The first chamber 06, along the X-axis, is located on one side of the second chamber 07 and the third chamber 08, and has a first vent 063 on the side away from the second and third chambers 08. The second chambers 07 and 08, along the Z-axis, have second vents 071 and third vents 081 respectively on the side away from the first chamber 06. The second heat dissipation surface 24 of the liquid cooling plate 20 forms the top wall of the first chamber 06 and the top wall of the second chamber 07. The first chamber 06 has a number of compartments 061 equal to the number of radiators 40 along the Y-axis. Each radiator 40... Each compartment 061 is distributed in a one-to-one correspondence; an air passage 062 is provided between adjacent compartments 061, and each air passage 062 is connected to the second chamber 07 along the X-axis to form a first air duct. The first ventilation opening 063 corresponding to the air passage 062 forms a first air inlet, and the second ventilation opening 071 forms a first air outlet; each compartment 061 is connected to the third chamber 08 along the X-axis to form a second air duct. The first ventilation opening 063 corresponding to the compartment 061 forms a second air inlet, and the third ventilation opening 081 forms a second air outlet; the heat dissipation unit 30 is located in the second chamber 07; the first heat dissipation fan 91 drives the airflow to pass through the heat dissipation cavity 02 along the X-axis.

[0071] In practical applications, both compartment 061 and air passage 062 extend along the X-axis. Compartment 061 is formed by several baffles perpendicular to the Y-axis, spaced along the Y-axis and engaging with the top and bottom walls of the heat dissipation cavity 02. The air passage area of ​​compartment 061 is larger than that of air passage 062. The second chamber 07 and the third chamber 08 are separated by a first air guide plate 021 parallel to the liquid cooling plate 20. The first air guide plate 021 abuts against the free ends of each heat sink 31. A second air guide plate 022 is provided between the first chamber 06 and the third chamber 08. The second air guide plate 022 is inclined from the liquid cooling plate 20 toward the first air guide plate 021 in a direction away from the compartment 061. A third air guide plate 023 is provided between the air passage interval 062 and the second chamber 07. The third air guide plate 023 is inclined from the bottom wall of the first chamber 06 toward the first air guide plate 021 in a direction away from the air passage interval 062. Each fin 42 is distributed on both sides of the body 41 along the Y-axis and abuts against the side wall of the compartment 061.

[0072] In this embodiment, the number of first cooling fans 91 corresponds to the number of radiators 40. The first cooling fans 91 are directly opposite the body 41 and located on the side of each radiator 40 away from the heat dissipation part 30. The first cooling fans 91 and the body 41 are spaced apart along the X-axis. Thus, the strong airflow area of ​​the first cooling fans 91 corresponds to the fins 42 and the airflow interval 062, resulting in high heat dissipation efficiency.

[0073] The internal structure of the heat dissipation cavity 02 is designed so that each compartment 061 is connected to the third chamber 08 to form an air duct, and each air passage interval 062 is connected to the second chamber 07 to form an air duct. The two air ducts are independent of each other. Each radiator 40 is distributed in each compartment 061 in a corresponding manner, and the heat dissipation part 30 is located in the second chamber 07. Therefore, the airflow direction of the radiator 40 and the heat dissipation part 30 is independent of each other and does not interfere with each other. This avoids the heat accumulation caused by the upstream hot airflow to the downstream structure to be cooled due to the arrangement of the radiator 40 and the heat dissipation part 30 along the X-axis direction as much as possible, resulting in high heat dissipation efficiency. In particular, the air passage area of ​​the compartment 061 is larger than the air passage area of ​​the air passage interval 062, which helps to reduce the length of the electrical equipment in the Y-axis direction and ensures the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation part 30. Therefore, in this embodiment, the entire electrical equipment achieves efficient heat dissipation of the radiator 40 and the heat dissipation part 30 while occupying a small area in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation of the first heating element 60 and the second heating element 70; the third heating element 80 corresponds to the position of the first chamber 06, so the airflow flowing through the entire first chamber 06 can dissipate heat for the third heating element 80, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the third heating element 80 is high.

[0074] The arrangement of the first air guide plate 021, the second air guide plate 022, and the third air guide plate 023 facilitates the connection of each air passage interval 062 to the second chamber 07 along the X-axis direction, and the connection of each compartment 061 to the third chamber 08 along the X-axis direction, while minimizing air resistance. The first air guide plate 021 abuts against the free ends of each heat sink 31, resulting in faster airflow and higher heat dissipation efficiency compared to a scheme where the free ends of the heat sink 31 and the first air guide plate 021 form an air passage interval 062. The fins 42 are distributed on both sides of the body 41 along the Y-axis direction and abut against the side walls of the compartments 061, further ensuring that the airflow completely passes over the surface of the fins 42. Compared to a scheme where the fins 42 and the side walls of the compartments 061 form an interval, this also results in faster airflow and higher heat dissipation efficiency.

[0075] This embodiment also provides a heat dissipation method for the above-mentioned electrical equipment. The heat dissipation method includes: when the outside temperature is lower than a first set value or the temperature inside the protective cavity 01 is lower than a second set value, controlling the electrical equipment to dissipate heat by air cooling; when the outside temperature is higher than a third set value and the temperature inside the protective cavity 01 is higher than a fourth set value, controlling the electrical equipment to dissipate heat by a combination of air cooling and liquid cooling. In this way, the electrical equipment of this application can achieve efficient heat dissipation of the electrical equipment with low energy consumption.

[0076] The foregoing description of the specifications and embodiments is intended to explain the scope of protection of this invention, but does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Modifications, equivalent substitutions, or other improvements to the embodiments of this invention or a portion thereof that can be obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation, based on the teachings of this invention or the foregoing embodiments, in conjunction with common knowledge, general technical knowledge, and / or existing technology, should all be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An electrical device, characterized in that, include The housing (10) has a partition (11) extending along the X-axis to form a protective cavity (01) arranged along the Z-axis and a heat dissipation cavity (02) suitable for air passage within the housing (10). The heat dissipation structure includes a heat dissipation part (30) and a heat sink (40). The heat dissipation part (30) protrudes along the Z-axis and extends into the heat dissipation cavity (02). It includes a plurality of heat dissipation fins (31) extending along the X-axis and spaced apart along the Y-axis. The heat sink (40) protrudes along the Z-axis and extends into the heat dissipation cavity (02). The heat sink (40) includes a body (41) and a plurality of fins (42) protruding from the body (41) along the Y-axis. Each fin (42) extends along the X-axis and is spaced apart along the Z-axis. The first heating element (60) is placed inside the protective cavity (01), and its position corresponds to that of the heat dissipation part (30) and dissipates heat through the heat dissipation part (30); The second heating element (70) is housed in the body (41) and dissipates heat through the radiator (40); The heat dissipation cavity (02) has a first air inlet and a second air inlet arranged along the Y-axis on one side along the X-axis, and a first air outlet and a second air outlet arranged along the Z-axis on the other side. The first air outlet is closer to the partition (11) than the second air outlet. The first air inlet and the first air outlet are connected to form a first air duct, and the second air inlet and the second air outlet are connected to form a second air duct. The heat dissipation part (30) is located in the first air duct, and the radiator (40) is located in the second air duct; The first cooling fan (91) is placed in the cooling cavity (02) and drives the airflow to pass independently along the X-axis through the cooling part (30) and the radiator (40).

2. The electrical device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The partition (11) has an opening (111). The heat dissipation structure also includes a liquid cooling plate (20). The liquid cooling plate (20) closes the opening (111) to make the protective cavity (01) relatively sealed. The liquid cooling plate (20) has a first heat dissipation surface (23) facing the protective cavity (01) and a second heat dissipation surface (24) facing the heat dissipation cavity (02). The heat dissipation part (30) protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface (24) along the Z-axis and extends into the heat dissipation cavity (02) through the opening (111). The radiator (40) protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface (24) of the liquid cooling plate (20) along the Z-axis and extends into the heat dissipation cavity (02) through the opening (111).

3. An electrical device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a third heating element (80), which is placed inside the protective cavity (01) and attached to the first heat dissipation surface (23), and its position corresponds to that of the radiator (40).

4. An electrical device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The number of the second heating element (70) is the same as the number of the radiator (40) and there are at least two. Each second heating element (70) is installed in each body (41) in a one-to-one correspondence. Each radiator (40) is arranged at intervals along the Y-axis and at intervals along the X-axis with the heat dissipation part (30).

5. An electrical device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The heat dissipation cavity (02) is provided with a first chamber (06), a second chamber (07), and a third chamber (08). The first chamber (06) is located on one side of the second chamber (07) and the third chamber (08) along the X-axis and is away from the second chamber (07) and the third chamber (08) respectively. The second chamber (07) and the third chamber (08) are arranged along the Z-axis and are away from the first chamber (06) respectively and are provided with a second vent (071) and a third vent (081). The second heat dissipation surface (24) of the liquid cooling plate (20) forms the top wall of the first chamber (06) and the top wall of the second chamber (07). The first chamber (06) is provided with a number of compartments (061) equal to the number of radiators (40) along the Y-axis. 0) They are distributed one-to-one in each compartment (061); there is an air passage (062) between adjacent compartments (061), each air passage (062) is connected to the second chamber (07) along the X-axis to form a first air duct, the first vent (063) corresponding to the air passage (062) forms the first air inlet, and the second vent (071) forms the first air outlet; each compartment (061) is connected to the third chamber (08) along the X-axis to form a second air duct, the first vent (063) corresponding to the compartment (061) forms the second air inlet, and the third vent (081) forms the second air outlet; the heat dissipation part (30) is located in the second chamber (07); the first heat dissipation fan (91) drives the airflow through the heat dissipation cavity (02) along the X-axis. The third heating element (80) is positioned corresponding to the first chamber (06).

6. An electrical device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The second chamber (07) and the third chamber (08) are separated by a first air guide plate (021) parallel to the liquid cooling plate (20), and the first air guide plate (021) abuts against the free end of each heat sink (31); a second air guide plate (022) is provided between the partition (061) and the third chamber (08), and the second air guide plate (022) is inclined from the liquid cooling plate (20) toward the first air guide plate (021) in a direction away from the partition (061); a third air guide plate (023) is provided between the air passage interval (062) and the second chamber (07), and the third air guide plate (023) is inclined from the bottom wall of the first chamber (06) toward the first air guide plate (021) in a direction away from the air passage interval (062); each fin (42) is distributed on both sides of the body (41) along the Y-axis direction and abuts against the side wall of the partition (061).

7. An electrical device as described in any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, It also includes a second cooling fan (92) placed inside the protective cavity (01); the cooling structure also includes a heat exchange section (50) protruding from the first heat dissipation surface (23), the liquid cooling plate (20) is provided with a liquid inlet (03) and a liquid outlet (04), and the heat exchange section (50) is provided with a cooling liquid flow channel connecting the liquid inlet (03) and the liquid outlet (04); the second cooling fan (92) is placed inside the protective cavity (01) and is adapted to form a circulating airflow through the heat exchange section (50), the first heating element (60) and the third heating element (80).

8. An electrical device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The liquid inlet (03) and liquid outlet (04) are connected by a separate liquid cooling pipe (22), and the portion of the liquid cooling pipe (22) that passes through each heat exchange section (50) forms the coolant flow channel; the heat exchange section (50) includes a plurality of heat dissipation blades (51) that protrude from the first heat dissipation surface (23) along the Z-axis direction, extend along the X-axis direction, and are spaced apart along the Y-axis direction; the liquid cooling pipe (22) at least partially passes through each heat dissipation blade (31) along the Y-axis direction; the axis of the second heat dissipation fan (92) extends along the X-axis direction.

9. An electrical device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a wind deflector (100); the second heat dissipation fan (92) and the heat exchange section (50) are opposite to each other along the X-axis and are connected through the wind deflector (100) to form an air passage (05); the third heating element (80) and the first heating element (60) are respectively located on both sides of the heat exchange section (50) along the X-axis; The heat output of the second heating element (70) is greater than that of the third heating element (80) but less than that of the first heating element (60); The liquid cooling pipe (22) is provided with a first heat dissipation section (224) for dissipating heat from the first heat-generating element (60) and a second heat dissipation section (225) for dissipating heat from the second heat-generating element (70) and the third heat-generating element (80). The inlet end and outlet end of the coolant flow channel are respectively connected to the inlet port (03) and the inlet end of the first heat dissipation section (224). The inlet end and outlet end of the second heat dissipation section (225) are respectively connected to the outlet end of the first heat dissipation section (224) and the outlet port (04).

10. An electrical device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The first heating element (60) includes a power board (61) and a power element (62) supported on the power board (61). The third heating element (80) includes an input / output board (81) and an input / output electrical component (82) supported on the input / output board (81). The input / output board (81) and the power board (61) are both supported on a first heat dissipation surface (23) and are spaced apart from the first heat dissipation surface (23) along the Z-axis. The airflow of the second cooling fan (92) is adapted to pass through the two surfaces of the input / output board (81) and the power board (61) along the Z-axis. The power element (62) is attached to the first heat dissipation surface (23) and located between the power board (61) and the first heat dissipation surface (23). The liquid cooling pipe (22) is provided with an inlet section (221) and an outlet section (222) extending along the X-axis direction; the inlet section (221) and the outlet section (222) extend between the input / output plate (81) and the first heat dissipation surface (23) and extend out of the housing (10).

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