Full-process automatic interconnection device and bearing part automatic machining method

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-process automatic interconnection device and a bearing part automatic machining method, and belongs to the technical field of bearing part machining and conveying. Comprising a chain type conveying line erected on the upper portion, machine tools arranged side by side and an elevator arranged on one side of the machine tools, and a transition conveying mechanism is connected between the machine tools and the elevator. The inner bottom face of an elevator bucket of the elevator is of a V-shaped automatic centering structure, and a buffering mechanism is installed at a notch groove in the side wall of the elevator bucket. According to the full-process automatic interconnection device and the bearing part automatic machining method, through elastic stretching and linkage limiting assemblies in the buffering mechanism, the gravity generated after a first bearing is located is utilized for pushing and driving the linkage assembly to move and be locked, physical isolation of the first bearing is achieved, and a buffering space is reserved for a second bearing. By means of the design, the two bearings are vertically and flexibly arranged in the bucket in an attached mode, and the problems of rigid collision and mutual collision when the two bearings are lifted at a time are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing parts processing and conveying technology, and in particular to a fully automated interconnected device and an automatic processing method for bearing parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of bearing parts processing and conveying technology, existing automated production lines typically employ a machine tool array layout to improve production efficiency. Specifically, one or more rows of machine tools are set up on the production floor to continuously process bearing parts. To facilitate flow between processes, a hoist is usually installed on one side of each machine tool, with a transition conveyor connecting the hoist and the machine tool. The workflow is generally as follows: after the bearing part is processed in the machine tool, it is first fed into the side hoist via the conveyor mechanism. The hoist then vertically lifts the part to the height of a chain conveyor line above the machine tool. Subsequently, the hoisted bearing is clamped by grippers moving along the chain conveyor line, and the conveyor line transports the part to subsequent production lines or cleaning and inspection processes.

[0003] A significant defect exists in the process of transferring bearings from the transition conveyor to the lifting bucket. Because the lifting bucket is typically designed to accommodate and lift two bearings at a time to match the production cycle, unavoidable collisions occur as the bearings roll or slide into the bucket under gravity. Firstly, the first bearing, propelled by inertia, rapidly plunges into the bottom of the lifting bucket, directly colliding rigidly with the bucket's inner metal wall, causing damage. Secondly, when the second bearing follows, since the first bearing has already occupied its drop position, it directly impacts the outer surface of the first bearing, resulting in mutual impact between the two precision bearings. This continuous rigid contact easily leads to scratches on the bearing surfaces (especially the machined surfaces), affecting the finished bearing quality.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of this application concept, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a fully automated interconnected device and an automatic processing method for bearing parts, in order to solve the technical problem in the prior art where, in order to match the production cycle, when the bucket needs to accommodate two bearings at a time, the bearings are easily damaged by rigid contact with the inner wall of the bucket and mutual collisions during the gravity unloading process, which in turn affects the quality of the finished product.

[0006] This invention adopts the following technical solution: a fully automated interconnected device and an automatic processing method for bearing parts. It includes a chain conveyor line, a machine tool, an elevator, and a transition conveying mechanism connecting the machine tool and the elevator; characterized in that: the elevator is equipped with an elevator bucket for receiving bearings, the inner bottom surface of the elevator bucket is constructed as a V-shaped automatic centering structure with two symmetrical inclined surfaces, and the side wall of the elevator bucket has a notch groove, at which a buffer mechanism is installed; the buffer mechanism includes an elastic telescopic component that can extend into the notch groove and a linkage limiting component; the elastic telescopic component is configured to provide contact buffering for the bearings falling into the elevator bucket; the linkage limiting component is configured to, after the first bearing is positioned, be displaced and locked by the bearing's gravity, thereby isolating the first bearing and reserving space for the second bearing to fall, so that the two bearings are arranged vertically and flexibly in contact within the elevator bucket.

[0007] Furthermore, the buffer mechanism includes a guide box fixed to the outside of the side wall of the lifting bucket, and the elastic telescopic component includes a slider slidably installed in the guide box and a return spring connected to the slider; the slider is provided with a wedge-shaped pin, which extends into the notch groove for primary buffering of the bearing.

[0008] Furthermore, the linkage limiting component includes a movable box slidably disposed on one side of the guide box, the movable box being slidably engaged with a slide rail disposed on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the notch groove; a retractable pin block two is disposed inside the movable box; wherein, the side of the pin block two facing the bearing is a plane, configured such that when the first bearing slides along the inclined surface of the bottom of the lifting bucket, the entire movable box is continuously pushed by the bearing and driven to slide along the slide rail.

[0009] Furthermore, both the pin block and the guide box have an embedding groove on one side near the movable box; when the movable box slides to a predetermined position, its end component is embedded in the embedding groove to form a position interlock.

[0010] Furthermore, a protrusion is fixed on the upper surface of the guide box, and a limit shaft is connected between the protrusion and the movable box. A reset spring for driving the movable box to reset is sleeved on the limit shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, a blocking and spacing mechanism is provided on the feed chute at the end of the transition conveying mechanism; the blocking and spacing mechanism includes a mounting bracket and a rotating plate driven by a blocking cylinder, the middle of the rotating plate is rotatably mounted to form a lever structure through a support shaft, and blocking rods extending into the feed chute path are respectively installed downward at both ends of the rotating plate; the swing of the rotating plate causes the blocking rods at both ends to rise and fall alternately, so as to realize the sequential release and blocking of the bearings.

[0012] Furthermore, the transition conveying mechanism also includes a posture adjustment structure, which includes a side guide plate connected to the end of the conveying and a vertical drop chute below it. The vertical drop chute is covered with a top baffle. The vertical drop chute and the top baffle form a posture limiting channel, which is used to adjust and maintain the bearings that are conveyed horizontally in a vertical posture with the rolling surface facing down as they enter the elevator.

[0013] Furthermore, the transition conveying mechanism includes a discharge roller connected to the outlet of the machine tool and a conveyor belt connected to the end of the discharge roller, with side baffles vertically arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt.

[0014] Furthermore, the chain conveyor line is equipped with a movable slide, the bottom of which is connected to a protective cover. A vertically downward lifting cylinder is installed inside the protective cover, and the output end of the lifting cylinder is connected to a gripper cylinder and a gripper. The top of the elevator has an open slot for the gripper to extend into and grab.

[0015] Furthermore, the hoist includes a column frame, a protective shell installed outside the column frame, and a hoisting drive motor for driving the hoisting bucket to rise and fall; the lower part of the protective shell has an opening groove for the bearing to slide into; and a lower limit sensor is provided at the bottom of the column frame.

[0016] The above-mentioned at least one technical solution adopted in this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: A fully automated interconnected device and automatic processing method for bearing parts effectively solves the problem of material collision caused by lifting two bearings at a time to match the production cycle by setting a buffer mechanism including an elastic telescopic component and a linkage limiting component at the notch groove on the side wall of the lifting bucket, and cooperating with the V-shaped automatic centering structure at the bottom of the lifting bucket. Specifically, the device uses the elastic telescopic component to contact and buffer the first bearing that rushes in quickly, absorbing the impact kinetic energy and avoiding direct rigid collision between the bearing and the metal inner wall of the lifting bucket. More importantly, the first bearing uses its own gravity after landing to push the linkage limiting component to generate displacement and automatically lock. This action not only reserves an independent material drop buffer space for the second bearing that follows, but also achieves physical isolation protection for the first bearing, thereby eliminating the risk of the second bearing directly hitting the outer surface of the first bearing. This allows the two bearings to be flexibly and vertically aligned in the lifting bucket, effectively preventing collision damage to the processed surface and improving the finished product quality and production yield of the bearings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0018] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a fully automated interconnected device and an automatic processing method for bearing parts according to this application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial structure; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hoist in this application; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection and cooperation between the transition conveying mechanism and the hoist in this application; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partial structure; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of a portion of point C in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point D in the middle; Figure label: 1. Chain conveyor line; 11. Conveyor guide rail; 12. Moving slide; 13. Protective cover; 14. Lifting cylinder; 15. Gripper cylinder; 16. Gripper; 2. Machine tool; 3. Transition conveyor mechanism; 31. Discharge roller; 32. Conveyor belt; 33. Side baffle; 34. Side guide plate; 35. Vertical drop chute; 36. Top baffle; 38. Feed chute; 39. Mounting bracket; 310. Blocking cylinder; 311. Support shaft; 313. Rotating plate; 314. Blocking bar; 4. Elevator; 41. Protective shell; 42. Opening slot; 4 4. Top housing; 45. Open slot; 46. Column frame; 47. Sprocket; 48. Drive chain; 49. Lifting drive motor; 410. Lower limit sensor; 411. Lifting bucket; 412. Notch slot; 5. Buffer mechanism; 51. Guide box; 52. Pin block one; 53. Slider; 54. Return spring one; 55. Guide post one; 56. Embedded slot; 57. Movable box; 58. Pin block two; 59. Guide post two; 510. Return spring two; 511. Protrusion; 512. Slide rail; 513. Return spring three; 514. Limit shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0020] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example 1:

[0021] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 2 and Figure 9 As shown, the present invention provides a fully automated interconnected device and an automatic processing method for bearing parts, including a chain conveyor line 1 erected above the processing site. The chain conveyor line 1 serves as the main conveyor line, extending horizontally and crossing above multiple machine tools 2 arranged side by side and a hoist 4. The chain conveyor line 1 mainly includes a horizontally erected conveyor rail 11, on which several movable slides 12 are slidably fitted. The movable slides 12 are driven by a transmission chain 48 inside the conveyor line and can perform reciprocating linear motion or cyclic motion along the length of the conveyor rail 11 to achieve workstation switching.

[0022] To enable the gripping and transfer of the bearing components below, a protective cover 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable slide 12. The protective cover 13 has a hollow structure to protect the internal pneumatic components. A lifting cylinder 14 is vertically installed inside the protective cover 13 (or supported by its bracket). The fixed end of the lifting cylinder 14 is connected to the movable slide 12, and its telescopic output end extends vertically downward. The output end of the lifting cylinder 14 is connected to a gripper cylinder 15, and a pair of opposing opening and closing grippers 16 are fitted to the lower end of the gripper cylinder 15.

[0023] When the elevator 4 lifts the finished bearing to the top handover position, the chain conveyor 1 controls the moving slide 12 to move directly above the elevator 4; then, the lifting cylinder 14 is activated, driving the gripper cylinder 15 and gripper 16 to move down to the predetermined gripping height; the gripper cylinder 15 controls the gripper 16 to close, clamping the bearing parts; then the lifting cylinder 14 retracts and resets, and the moving slide 12 moves along the conveyor guide rail 11, conveying the bearing parts to the next process or collection area, thereby realizing fully automated aerial circulation.

[0024] Reference Figure 2 - Figure 4 and Figure 6 - Figure 7 As shown, a transition conveying mechanism 3 is connected between the discharge end of the machine tool 2 and the feed end of the elevator 4. The main function of the transition conveying mechanism 3 is to guide the machined bearing parts from the machine tool 2 to the lifting station of the elevator 4 in an orderly manner. The transition conveying mechanism 3 is mainly composed of multiple conveying components connected together. Specifically, it includes a discharge roller 31 connected to the outlet of the machine tool 2. The discharge roller 31 is inclined downward and its end is connected to a horizontal conveyor belt 32. In order to prevent the bearings from running off-center or slipping during the conveying process, side baffles 33 are vertically arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt 32 along the conveying direction.

[0025] An attitude adjustment structure is provided between the end of the conveyor belt 32 and the elevator 4. Specifically, an inclined side guide plate 34 is provided on one side of the end of the conveyor belt 32 to guide the bearing parts that are transported flat on the conveyor belt 32 to slide out laterally.

[0026] A vertical drop chute 35 is connected below the outlet of the side guide plate 34, and a top baffle 36 covers the top of the vertical drop chute 35. The internal space structure of the vertical drop chute 35, together with the top baffle 36, forms a posture limiting channel to receive the bearings falling from the conveyor belt 32, and uses gravity and spatial limiting to adjust the bearing parts from a flat position and keep them in a vertical standing position (i.e., the rolling surface of the bearing is facing down).

[0027] The bottom outlet of the vertical discharge chute 35 is smoothly connected to the feed slide 38 extending towards the elevator 4, so that the bearing parts adjusted to a vertical position can roll and slide into the subsequent station along the feed slide 38, thereby ensuring continuous and smooth material supply.

[0028] To avoid the problem of multiple bearings entering the lifting bucket, a blocking and spacing mechanism is specially provided on the feed chute 38 (as shown in a partial enlarged figure in Figure B). The blocking and spacing mechanism includes a mounting bracket 39 spanning above the feed chute 38, and a blocking cylinder 310 is fixedly installed on the mounting bracket 39. The output end of the blocking cylinder 310 is set vertically downward.

[0029] A support shaft 311 is provided on the lower side of the mounting bracket 39. A rotating plate 313 is rotatably mounted on the support shaft 311 to form a lever structure. One end of the rotating plate 313 is connected to the drive end of the blocking cylinder 310. Vertically extending blocking rods 314 (i.e., including a front blocking rod 314 and a rear blocking rod 314) are respectively installed downward at both ends of the rotating plate 313. The bottom ends of these two blocking rods 314 can extend into the bearing conveying path of the feed chute 38.

[0030] Driven by the blocking cylinder 310, the rotating plate 313 oscillates, causing the blocking rods 314 at both ends to move in a "seesaw" motion. That is, when one blocking rod 314 descends to block, the other blocking rod 314 rises synchronously to allow passage. Specifically, when feeding is required, the downstream blocking rod 314 rises to allow the current bearing to enter the lifting hopper. At the same time, the upstream blocking rod 314 is inevitably lowered by the linkage, physically stopping the subsequent bearings. After the current bearing has entered, the blocking cylinder 310 reverses its action, the upstream blocking rod 314 rises to allow the next bearing to enter the preparatory position, while the downstream blocking rod 314 descends to prevent it from directly rushing into the lifting hopper. This mechanical interlocking structure ensures that bearings can only pass through one wall at a time, thus limiting the number of bearings falling into the lifting hopper.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 - Figure 7 As shown, an elevator 4 is installed adjacent to one side of the transition conveyor mechanism 3 to vertically lift the bearing parts conveyed from the lower position to the high-altitude transfer position. The main frame of the elevator 4 is a vertical column frame 46, with a vertical lifting channel formed inside the column frame 46. A protective shell 41 is installed on the outside of the column frame 46 (usually facing the operating side or the non-feeding side) for safety protection and dust prevention. To facilitate the feeding of the transition conveyor mechanism 3, an opening slot 42 is opened at the lower part of the protective shell 41 at the height of the feed slide 38, allowing the bearing parts to slide smoothly into the elevator 4 through the protective shell 41.

[0032] A top housing 44 is installed on top of the column frame 46. The lifting power source comes from a lifting drive motor 49 installed on the upper side of the frame. The output shaft of the lifting drive motor 49 extends into the frame and is connected to a sprocket 47. A ring-shaped transmission chain 48 is installed inside the column frame 46, and the transmission chain 48 is wound between the top sprocket 47 and the bottom driven wheel (not shown in the figure). Driven by the lifting drive motor 49, the transmission chain 48 performs a cyclic lifting motion within the column frame 46.

[0033] A lifting bucket 411 is fixedly installed on the transmission chain 48. The lifting bucket 411 moves with the transmission chain 48 and is used to receive bearing parts that slide into the opening slot 42. In order to realize automated control, a lower limit sensor 410 is set at the bottom of the column frame 46. When the lifting bucket 411 descends to the bottom receiving position, the lower limit sensor 410 is triggered, and the system controls the lifting drive motor 49 to stop, waiting for feeding; after feeding is completed, the motor starts to lift the lifting bucket 411 upward.

[0034] When the lifting bucket 411 lifts the bearing to a predetermined height inside the top housing 44, in order to facilitate the gripper 16 of the chain conveyor 1 at the top to grab the bearing, the top surface of the top housing 44 is provided with an open slot 45 for the gripper to extend into. Reference Figure 7 - Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the lifting bucket 411 of the elevator 4 is specially designed to accommodate the receiving of fragile parts. Specifically, the inner bottom surface of the lifting bucket 411 is not flat, but designed with two symmetrical inclined surfaces (sloping surfaces). The lower ends of these two inclined surfaces converge and connect at the center, forming a V-shaped automatic centering structure. The function of this structure is that when the bearing falls to the bottom of the bucket, under the action of gravity, the two bearings will naturally slide towards the center and move closer to each other, thereby ensuring that the two bearings are always in the predetermined gripping center position, which is convenient for the upper gripper 16 to grip them in one go. To prevent the bearing from being damaged by collision when it falls rapidly into the lifting bucket 411, notches 412 are provided on both sides of the lifting bucket 411 along the bearing entry direction. The notches 412 are used as windows for the anti-collision buffer assembly. A buffer mechanism 5 is installed on the outside of the notches 412. The buffer mechanism 5 includes an elastic telescopic component and a linkage limiting component that can extend into the notch 412. The buffer mechanism 5 is fixedly installed on the guide box 51 on the outer side of both sides of the lifting bucket 411. The elastic telescopic component includes a guide post 55 horizontally arranged inside the guide box 51. A slider 53 is slidably installed on the guide post 55. A return spring 54 is connected to one side of the slider 53. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to one side of the slider 53 and one side of the inner wall of the guide box 51 to provide reverse resistance during buffering. A pin block 52 that can extend into the guide box 51 is provided on the side of the slider 53. The pin block 52 is wedge-shaped or chamfered to support the falling bearing. In order to achieve multi-level buffering and adapt to continuous material feeding of dual bearings, the device also adopts a composite structure. The linkage limiting component includes a movable box 57 that is slidably set on one side of the guide box 51. The movable box 57 is slidably engaged with the slide rail 512 set on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the notch groove 412. The movable box 57 is provided with a second guide post 59 and a second return spring 510. One end of the second guide post 59 is connected to a second pin 58. The second pin 58 can also squeeze the second return spring 510 into the movable box 57. A protruding block 511 is fixed on the upper surface of the guide box 51. A limiting shaft 514 is connected between the side of the protruding block 511 and the protrusion (not shown in the figure) extending on the movable box 57. A return spring 513 is sleeved on the limiting shaft 514. The two ends of the return spring 513 abut against the protruding block 511 and the side of the protrusion, respectively. An embedded groove 56 is provided on the pin block 52 and the side of the guide box 51 near the movable box 57.

[0035] In actual use, when the first bearing falls into the lifting bucket 411 along the feed slide 38, it first contacts and presses against pin 1 52. Then, under the action of gravity and the inclined surface at the bottom of the lifting bucket 411, it continues to fall and slides towards one end of the inner wall. During this process, the first bearing overcomes the elastic pressure and passes over pin 1 52 and pin 2 58 in sequence. When the first bearing settles down and slides towards pin 2 58 by relying on the inclined surface, since the contact surface of pin 2 58 facing the bearing is designed to be flat, the bearing, under the continuous pushing of its own gravity and the component force of the inclined surface, will push pin 2 58 to drive the entire movable box 57 to slide linearly along the slide rail 512. As the movable box 57 slides, its end component will be embedded into the embedding groove 56. When the second bearing subsequently falls and hits pin 1 52 again, pin 1 52 can still independently overcome the elastic force to retract and buffer the second bearing. At this time, the movable box 57, which is already embedded and locked, ensures that the first bearing will not be subjected to reverse pressure due to the action of pin 1 52. Ultimately, through a physical isolation buffering process, the two bearings flexibly approach each other under the action of the inclined plane, aligning closely in a vertical posture, thus avoiding rigid collision.

[0036] Working principle: After the machining tool 2 completes the processing of the bearing parts, the bearing is conveyed outward via the discharge roller 31 and the conveyor belt 32. At the end of the conveying process, the bearing, under the combined action of the side guide plate 34 and the vertical drop chute 35, changes from a flat position to a vertical standing position (rolling surface facing down) and slides into the feed chute 38. At this time, the blocking interval mechanism starts to work to control the feeding rhythm: the blocking cylinder 310 drives the rotating plate 313 to swing, causing the blocking rods 314 at both ends to rise and fall alternately; first, the downstream blocking rod 314 rises to release the first bearing, while the upstream blocking rod 314 descends to stop the subsequent bearings, ensuring that the bearings slide towards the feed inlet of the elevator 4 one by one, effectively avoiding the hidden dangers caused by multiple materials clogging or simultaneously squeezing into the elevator bucket 411.

[0037] When the first bearing passes through the opening slot 42 of the protective shell 41 and enters the lifting bucket 411, it first contacts and presses against the first pin block 52. The resistance of the return spring 54 eliminates the falling kinetic energy (first-level buffer). Subsequently, under the gravity component of the V-shaped inclined surface at the bottom of the lifting bucket 411, the bearing slides inward and continues to push against the second pin block 58. During this process, the first bearing pushes the second pin block 58, causing the movable box 57 to slide laterally along the slide rail 512 and embed into the embedding groove 56. This action locks the first bearing in a safe position and makes room for subsequent material falling. Immediately afterwards, the second bearing is released and falls through the blocking and spacing mechanism, hitting the first pin block 52 again for buffering and deceleration. Since the movable box 57 is embedded and locked, the second bearing produces a certain amount of expansion and contraction displacement when it contacts. Finally, the two bearings flexibly approach and automatically center under the action of the V-shaped inclined surface, forming a vertical and tight arrangement. The entire process completely avoids rigid collisions between the bearings and the inner wall or between the bearings themselves.

[0038] After the two bearings are positioned in the lifting bucket 411, the elevator 4 starts, using the lifting drive motor 49 to drive the transmission chain 48 to vertically lift the lifting bucket 411 to the predetermined height of the top machine box 44. At this time, the chain conveyor line 1 above controls the moving slide 12 to move directly above the elevator 4, and the lifting cylinder 14 then actuates, driving the gripper cylinder 15 and gripper 16 to move downwards through the top open slot 45. Since the bearings have been automatically aligned in the lifting bucket 411 through the V-shaped bottom, the gripper 16 can grab both bearings at once. After grabbing, the lifting cylinder 14 retracts and resets, the moving slide 12 moves along the conveyor guide rail 11 to send the parts to the next process, and the lifting bucket 411 descends and resets to await the next round of material receiving, thus realizing the fully automatic and damage-free transfer of bearing parts between multiple machine tools. Example 2:

[0039] This embodiment provides an automated processing method for bearing parts based on the device described in Embodiment 1. This method, through the coordinated actions of various mechanisms, achieves fully automated and non-destructive transport of bearing parts from machine tool output to high-altitude transfer. (Refer to...) Figures 1-9 The method specifically includes the following steps: S1. Discharge Conveying and Posture Adjustment: After the processing machine tool 2 completes the processing of the bearing parts, it discharges the bearing to the discharge raceway 31; the bearing is conveyed to the end via the conveyor belt 32; at the end of the conveyor belt 32, the bearing enters the vertical drop trough 35 under the guidance of the side guide plate 34. Using gravity and the limiting effect of the trough, the bearing is adjusted from a flat position to a vertical standing position with the rolling surface facing down, and slides into the feed chute 38.

[0040] S2. Orderly material distribution and rhythm control: The feeding rhythm is controlled by the blocking interval mechanism on the feed chute 38. The blocking cylinder 310 drives the rotating plate 313 to swing, which drives the blocking rods 314 at both ends to rise and fall alternately; first, the downstream blocking rod 314 is controlled to rise, allowing the first bearing to enter the lifting station, while the upstream blocking rod 314 descends to stop the subsequent bearings, ensuring that the bearings slide towards the elevator 4 in a single-wall, one-by-one state.

[0041] S3. Two-stage buffer and anti-collision arrangement (core step): This step is used to ensure that the two bearings enter the lifting bucket 411 without damage. The specific process is as follows: S31. First piece placement and locking: The first bearing passes through the opening slot 42 of the protective shell 41 and enters the lifting bucket 411. First, it squeezes the first pin block 52 for a first-level deceleration and buffer, and then slides inward along the V-shaped inclined surface and pushes the second pin block 58. The first bearing uses its own weight to push the second pin block 58 to drive the movable box 57 to slide along the slide rail 512 until the end of the movable box 57 is embedded in the embedding groove 56. At this time, the first bearing is physically isolated in the inner safe position, and the position of the movable box 57 is locked.

[0042] S32, Secondary part placement and approach: The blocking and spacing mechanism releases the second bearing; the second bearing falls and presses the pin 52 again for buffering (at this time, the retraction of the pin 52 does not affect the locked movable box 57); after buffering, the second bearing slides towards the center under the action of the V-shaped inclined plane and flexibly fits and conforms to the first bearing in a vertical posture.

[0043] S4. Vertical Lifting: After the material is discharged from the lifting bucket 411, the lower limit sensor 410 confirms the signal, the lifting drive motor 49 starts, and drives the transmission chain 48 to lift the lifting bucket 411, which carries two bearings, vertically upward until it reaches the predetermined handover height in the top housing 44.

[0044] S5. Aerial Grabbing and Transfer: The chain conveyor line 1 controls the moving slide 12 to run directly above the elevator 4; the lifting cylinder 14 drives the gripper cylinder 15 to move down through the top open slot 45; the gripper 16 cooperates with the V-shaped centering position in the lifting bucket 411 to accurately grab two bearings at once; then the lifting cylinder 14 resets and lifts, the moving slide 12 moves along the conveyor guide rail 11 to transport the bearings to the next process, completing the automated transfer.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automated interconnected device and an automatic processing method for bearing parts, comprising a chain conveyor line (1), a machine tool (2), a hoist (4), and a transition conveyor mechanism (3) connecting the machine tool (2) and the hoist (4); characterized in that: The elevator (4) is provided with an elevator bucket (411) for receiving bearings. The inner bottom surface of the elevator bucket (411) is constructed as a V-shaped automatic centering structure with two relatively symmetrical inclined surfaces. The side wall of the elevator bucket (411) is provided with a notch (412). A buffer mechanism (5) is installed at the notch (412). The buffer mechanism (5) includes an elastic telescopic component and a linkage limiting component that can extend into the notch (412). The elastic telescopic component is configured to provide contact buffering for the bearings falling into the elevator bucket (411). The linkage limiting component is configured to be displaced and locked by the gravity of the bearing after the first bearing is in place, thereby isolating the first bearing and reserving space for the second bearing to fall, so that the two bearings are arranged vertically and flexibly in the elevator bucket (411).

2. The fully automated interconnected device and automatic processing method for bearing parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism (5) includes a guide box (51) fixed to the outside of the side wall of the lifting bucket (411). The elastic telescopic component includes a slider (53) slidably installed in the guide box (51) and a return spring (54) connected to the slider (53). A wedge-shaped pin (52) is provided on the slider (53). The pin (52) extends into the notch (412) for primary buffering of the bearing.

3. The fully automated interconnected device and automatic processing method for bearing parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linkage limiting component includes a movable box (57) slidably disposed on one side of the guide box (51), the movable box (57) being slidably engaged with a slide rail (512) disposed on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the notch groove (412); a retractable pin block two (58) is disposed inside the movable box (57); wherein, the side of the pin block two (58) facing the bearing is a plane, configured such that when the first bearing slides along the inclined surface of the bottom surface of the lifting bucket (411), the entire movable box (57) is continuously pushed by the bearing and drives it to slide along the slide rail (512).

4. The fully automated interconnected device and automatic processing method for bearing parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pin block (52) and the guide box (51) are both provided with an embedding groove (56) on one side near the movable box (57); when the movable box (57) slides to the predetermined position, its end component is embedded in the embedding groove (56) to form a position interlock.

5. The fully automated interconnected device and automatic processing method for bearing parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide box (51) has a protrusion (511) fixed on its upper surface. A limit shaft (514) is connected between the protrusion (511) and the movable box (57), and a reset spring (513) for driving the movable box (57) to reset is sleeved on the limit shaft (514).

6. The fully automated interconnected device and automatic processing method for bearing parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blocking and spacing mechanism is provided on the feed chute (38) at the end of the transition conveying mechanism (3). The blocking and spacing mechanism includes a mounting bracket (39) and a rotating plate (313) driven by a blocking cylinder (310). The middle part of the rotating plate (313) is rotatably mounted to form a lever structure through a support shaft (311). At both ends of the rotating plate (313), blocking rods (314) extending into the path of the feed chute (38) are respectively installed downward. The swing of the rotating plate (313) causes the blocking rods (314) at both ends to rise and fall alternately, so as to realize the release and blocking of the bearings one by one.

7. The fully automated interconnected device and automatic processing method for bearing parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transition conveying mechanism (3) also includes a posture adjustment structure, which includes a side guide plate (34) connected to the end of the conveying and a vertical drop chute (35) below it. The vertical drop chute (35) is covered with a top baffle (36). The vertical drop chute (35) and the top baffle (36) form a posture limiting channel to adjust and maintain the bearings that are conveyed horizontally in a vertical posture with the rolling surface facing down into the elevator (4).

8. The fully automated interconnected device and automatic processing method for bearing parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition conveying mechanism (3) includes a discharge roller (31) connected to the outlet of the machine tool (2) and a conveyor belt (32) connected to the end of the discharge roller (31). Side baffles (33) are vertically arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt (32).

9. The fully automated interconnected device and automatic processing method for bearing parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chain conveyor line (1) is provided with a movable slide (12), the bottom of which is connected to a protective cover (13). A vertically downward lifting cylinder (14) is installed inside the protective cover (13). The output end of the lifting cylinder (14) is connected to a gripper cylinder (15) and a gripper (16). The top of the elevator (4) has an open slot (45) for the gripper (16) to extend into and grab.

10. The fully automated interconnected device and automatic processing method for bearing parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hoist (4) includes a column frame (46), a protective shell (41) installed outside the column frame (46), and a hoisting drive motor (49) for driving the hoisting bucket (411) to rise and fall; the lower part of the protective shell (41) is provided with an opening groove (42) for the bearing to slide into; a lower limit sensor (410) is provided at the bottom of the column frame (46).

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