Overall offshore wind turbine cable protection device using cast iron sleeve

Abstract

The invention provides an offshore wind turbine cable overall protection device using a cast iron sleeve. The protection device comprises a cable suspension section protection assembly and a cable towing section protection assembly. The cable suspension section protection assembly comprises an internal anti-bending device, an external anti-bending device and a spiral strake sleeve, the internal anti-bending device is connected with the external anti-bending device through barbs, and the spiral strake sleeve is connected with the external anti-bending device through a sleeve joint; the cable towing section protection assembly comprises an anti-abrasion sleeve, a transition anti-bending device and a cast iron sleeve, the anti-abrasion sleeve is connected with the spiral strake sleeve, the transition anti-bending device is connected with the anti-abrasion sleeve, and the cast iron sleeve is connected with the transition anti-bending device through a cast iron sleeve connecting piece. According to the offshore wind turbine cable overall protection device using the cast iron sleeve, all-directional protection of the cable is achieved, the overall dynamic response and vortex-induced vibration response of the wind turbine cable under the wave current effect can be effectively reduced, abrasion of the cable is remarkably reduced, and the service life of the wind turbine cable is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and more specifically, to an integrated protective device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, offshore wind power has become an important development direction for clean and renewable energy under the global vision of carbon neutrality. Wind turbine cables, as key equipment for wind power transmission, account for approximately 8-10% of the cost. However, due to the complex marine environment in which offshore wind farms are located, factors such as waves, tides, and currents can cause significant overall dynamic responses and vortex-induced vibrations to the exposed wind turbine cables suspended in the ocean, leading to fatigue failure. In addition, the cables are also subject to external mechanical damage from anchors, gravel, etc., seriously affecting the stability and safety of the wind power equipment. Statistics show that a considerable portion of the operation and maintenance costs of existing wind farms is related to the transmission cables of the wind turbines. Proper cable protection can ensure the safety of wind turbine generators and transmission systems, guarantee the stable operation of wind power equipment, and is the most effective means to extend equipment lifespan and reduce operating costs.

[0003] Existing patent document CN115485941A discloses a cable protection device that includes a bending reinforcement for protecting cables, conduits, or pipes. The bending reinforcement includes at least one member comprising a tubular wall having a substantially smooth inner surface, which defines a circumferential groove along at least a portion of its length. Each groove has an open end, a bottom, and inclined sides on the circumference of the wall, with the sides closer to each other at the bottom than at the open end. The depth of each groove does not exceed 50% of the thickness of the tubular wall. The bending reinforcement may include multiple such members connected together. The cable protection may also include clamps attached to the bending reinforcement.

[0004] Currently, the main protection method for offshore wind turbine dynamic cables is the installation of bend limiters. This method is singular and not targeted. The scattered protective devices often cannot cover the entire cable exposed in the marine environment. In addition to the cable being severely damaged, the protective devices themselves will also be worn down and broken down due to the cable's violent dynamic response until they fail completely. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves.

[0006] According to the present invention, an integrated protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves is provided, the protection device comprising a cable suspension section protection component and a cable dragging section protection component;

[0007] The cable suspension section protection assembly includes an internal anti-bend device, an external anti-bend device, and a spiral plate sleeve. The internal anti-bend device is connected to the external anti-bend device through barbs, and the spiral plate sleeve is connected to the external anti-bend device through a sleeve joint.

[0008] The cable dragging section protection assembly includes an anti-abrasion sleeve, a transition anti-bend device, and a cast iron sleeve. The anti-abrasion sleeve is connected to the spiral plate sleeve, the transition anti-bend device is connected to the anti-abrasion sleeve, and the cast iron sleeve is connected to the transition anti-bend device through a cast iron sleeve connector.

[0009] Preferably, the barb includes a front connector, a parallel middle section, a rear connector, and a buckle, wherein the parallel middle section is disposed between the front connector and the rear connector, and the buckle is disposed on the parallel middle section;

[0010] A spring is provided inside the barb, and the spring is connected to the buckle and assembled below the buckle.

[0011] Preferably, the internal anti-bending device includes a first body and a first connector, which are integrally formed.

[0012] The first main body includes a three-section variable cross-section hollow beam structure, which includes an inner curved first section, an inner curved second section, and an inner curved third section connected in sequence. The inner curved first section includes a cylinder, the inner curved second section includes a frustum, and the inner curved third section includes a cylinder. The inner curved first section and the inner curved second section are adapted to each other at one end, and the inner curved third section and the inner curved second section are adapted to each other at the other end. The diameter of the inner curved first section is larger than the diameter of the inner curved third section.

[0013] The first connector includes a cylinder, one end of which is connected to the inner bend first section, and the other end of which is inserted into and connected to the front connector and fixed by a connecting flange.

[0014] Preferably, the external anti-bending device includes a second body and a second connector, the second body and the second connector being integrally formed;

[0015] The second main body includes a five-segment variable cross-section hollow beam structure, which includes a first outward bending segment, a second outward bending segment, a third outward bending segment, a fourth outward bending segment, and a fifth outward bending segment connected in sequence. The first outward bending segment includes a cylinder, the second outward bending segment includes a frustum, the third outward bending segment includes a cylinder, the fourth outward bending segment includes a frustum, and the fifth outward bending segment includes a cylinder. One end of the first outward bending segment is adapted to the second outward bending segment, one end of the third outward bending segment is adapted to the other end of the second outward bending segment, the other end of the third outward bending segment is adapted to one end of the fourth outward bending segment, and the fifth outward bending segment is adapted to the other end of the fourth outward bending segment. The diameters of the first outward bending segment, the third outward bending segment, and the fifth outward bending segment decrease sequentially.

[0016] The second connector includes a cylinder, one end of which is connected to the first outward bend, and the other end of which is inserted into the rear connector and fixed by a connecting flange.

[0017] Preferably, the spiral plate sleeve includes a housing and spiral plates, wherein the spiral plates are spirally arranged on the outer surface of the housing along the radial direction of the housing;

[0018] The spiral plate sleeve includes two hollow spiral plate sleeve halves, each half of which is provided with a first limiting pin and a first limiting groove, the first limiting pin and the first limiting groove being interlocked with each other;

[0019] The surface of the spiral plate sleeve is provided with a first groove, which is arranged along the transverse direction of the spiral plate sleeve, and the first groove contains a first cable tie.

[0020] One end of the spiral plate sleeve includes a first connector end, and the other end of the spiral plate sleeve includes a first insertion end, wherein the inner diameter of the first insertion end is larger than the outer diameter of the first connector end.

[0021] Preferably, the wear-resistant sleeve includes two hollow wear-resistant sleeve halves, each half of which is provided with a second limiting pin and a second limiting groove, the second limiting pin and the second limiting groove being interlocked with each other;

[0022] The surface of the wear-resistant sleeve is provided with a second groove, which is arranged along the transverse direction of the wear-resistant sleeve, and the second groove contains a second cable tie;

[0023] One end of the anti-wear sleeve includes a second connector end, and the other end of the anti-wear sleeve includes a second insertion end, wherein the inner diameter of the second insertion end is larger than the outer diameter of the second connector end.

[0024] Preferably, the sleeve joint comprises two detachably connected hollow sleeve joints;

[0025] The surface of the sleeve joint is provided with a third groove, which is arranged along the transverse direction of the sleeve joint, and the third groove contains a third cable tie.

[0026] The sleeve connector is inserted into the external anti-bend device, and the end of the sleeve connector is fixedly connected to the spiral plate sleeve.

[0027] Preferably, the transition anti-bending device includes a third main body and a third connecting member, wherein the third connecting member is integrally formed with the third main body;

[0028] The third main body includes a three-section variable cross-section hollow beam structure, which includes a first anti-bending section, a second anti-bending section, and a third anti-bending section connected in sequence. The first anti-bending section includes a cylinder, the second anti-bending section includes a frustum, and the third anti-bending section includes a cylinder. The first anti-bending section and the second anti-bending section are adapted to each other at one end, and the third anti-bending section and the second anti-bending section are adapted to each other at the other end. The diameter of the first anti-bending section is larger than the diameter of the third anti-bending section.

[0029] The third connector includes a cylinder, one end of which is connected to the first anti-bending section, and the other end of which is connected to a cast iron sleeve via a connecting flange.

[0030] Preferably, the cast iron sleeve comprises two detachably connected cast iron sleeve halves;

[0031] One end of the cast iron sleeve includes a large spherical connecting end, and the other end of the cast iron sleeve includes a small spherical connecting end, wherein the outer diameter of the small spherical connecting end is smaller than the inner diameter of the large spherical connecting end.

[0032] Preferably, the cast iron sleeve connector includes a two-section cylindrical structure. One end of the cast iron sleeve connector includes an interlocking end, and the other end of the cast iron sleeve connector includes a flange end. The outer diameter of the flange end is smaller than the outer diameter of the interlocking end. The interlocking end is interlocked with the cast iron sleeve, and the flange end is connected to a transition anti-bend device through a connecting flange.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The overall protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves, as set up in this invention, achieves all-round protection for the cables, effectively reduces the overall dynamic response and vortex-induced vibration response of wind turbine cables under wave and current action, significantly reduces cable wear, and extends the service life of wind turbine cables.

[0035] 2. This invention can effectively limit the bending of the cable by setting internal and external anti-bend devices, so that the cable curvature is always kept within the design requirements range;

[0036] 3. The present invention can effectively suppress the eddy-induced vibration response of the cable under the action of wave current by setting the spiral plate bushing, thereby reducing the risk of fatigue damage;

[0037] 4. This invention can effectively reduce the wear of cables dragging on the ground by setting anti-wear sleeves, greatly improve the service life of cables, and thus reduce the corresponding operation and maintenance costs.

[0038] 5. By setting a transition anti-bend device, the present invention can ensure a smooth transition of the cable's stiffness and curvature at the point of entry into the mud, ensuring that the cable's curvature at the point of entry into the mud is not too large, thereby improving the safety of its layout.

[0039] 6. By using cast iron sleeves, this invention can effectively reduce the swaying of the dragging section, significantly reduce cable wear, and effectively protect the cable-covered area from damage caused by external impacts such as gravel and anchors. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 This mainly illustrates the three-dimensional structural diagram of the protective device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 The main illustration shows the three-dimensional structure of the barbs;

[0043] Figure 3 This mainly shows a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal anti-bend device;

[0044] Figure 4 This mainly shows a three-dimensional structural diagram of the external anti-bend device;

[0045] Figure 5 This mainly shows a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting flange;

[0046] Figure 6 This mainly illustrates the three-dimensional structure of the sleeve joint;

[0047] Figure 7 The main feature is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spiral plate sleeve;

[0048] Figure 8 This mainly illustrates the connection structure between the sleeve joint and the external anti-bend device, and the spiral plate sleeve;

[0049] Figure 9 This mainly shows a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wear-resistant sleeve;

[0050] Figure 10 This mainly shows a three-dimensional structural diagram of the transition anti-bend device;

[0051] Figure 11 This mainly shows a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cast iron connectors;

[0052] Figure 12 This diagram mainly illustrates the three-dimensional structure of the cast iron sleeve.

[0053] As shown in the figure:

[0054] Internal anti-bend device 11, barb 12, spiral plate sleeve 15

[0055] Inward bend, first section 21; front joint 31; first limit pin 61

[0056] Inner bend, second section 22; parallel middle section 32; first limiting groove 62

[0057] Inward bend, third section 23, rear connector 33, first insertion end 63

[0058] First connector 24, barbed pin hole 34, first joint end 64

[0059] Inner bend pin hole 25, buckle 35, first groove 65

[0060] External anti-bend device 14, connecting flange 13, wear-resistant sleeve 16

[0061] Outer bend, first section 51, first bolt hole 41, second groove 71

[0062] Outer bend, second section 52; locating pin 42; second limiting groove 72

[0063] Outer bend third section 53, transition anti-bend device 17, second limit pin 73

[0064] Outer bend, fourth section 54, third main body 81, second joint end 74

[0065] Outer bend, fifth section 55, third connector 82, second insertion end 75

[0066] Second connector 56, sleeve fitting 101, cast iron sleeve 18

[0067] Outer bend pin hole 57, third groove 102, large spherical connecting end 91

[0068] Connector pin hole 113 Interlocking end 111 Small ball joint end 92

[0069] Cast iron sleeve connector 19, flange end 112, second bolt hole 93 Detailed Implementation

[0070] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0071] like Figure 1As shown, according to the present invention, an integrated protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves is provided. The protection device includes a cable suspension section protection assembly and a cable dragging section protection assembly. The cable suspension section protection assembly includes an internal anti-bend device 11, an external anti-bend device 14, and a spiral plate sleeve 15. The internal anti-bend device 11 is connected to the external anti-bend device 14 via barbs 12, and the spiral plate sleeve 15 is connected to the external anti-bend device 14 via a sleeve connector 91. The cable dragging section protection assembly includes an anti-abrasion sleeve 16, a transition anti-bend device 17, and a cast iron sleeve 18. The anti-abrasion sleeve 16 is connected to the spiral plate sleeve 15, the transition anti-bend device 17 is connected to the anti-abrasion sleeve 16, and the cast iron sleeve 18 is connected to the transition anti-bend device 17 via a cast iron sleeve connector.

[0072] The wind turbine cable integrated protection device of the present invention comprises an internal anti-bend device 11, an external anti-bend device 14, a spiral plate sleeve 15, an anti-wear sleeve 16, a transition anti-bend device 17, and a cast iron sleeve 18 connected to form an integrated device. The internal anti-bend device 11 and the external anti-bend device 14 are respectively connected to both ends of the barb 12. The internal and external anti-bend devices 11 and 14 are respectively arranged inside and outside the pile foundation and connected to the barb 12, effectively limiting cable bending and ensuring that the cable curvature is always maintained within an allowable range. The spiral plate sleeve 15 is fixed to the suspended section of the cable, effectively suppressing the eddy-induced vibration response of the cable under wave current action, thereby reducing the risk of fatigue damage. The anti-wear sleeve 16, transition anti-bend device 17, and cast iron sleeve 18 are fixed to the ground-dragging section of the cable. The anti-wear sleeve 16 and transition anti-bend device 17 are mainly arranged in the front half of the ground-dragging section. The anti-wear sleeve 17 effectively reduces cable wear in the ground-dragging section, greatly improving cable lifespan and thus reducing maintenance costs. The transition anti-bend device 17 ensures a smooth transition of cable stiffness and curvature at the mud entry point, preventing excessive curvature and improving safety. The cast iron sleeve 18 is mainly arranged in the rear half of the ground-dragging section, effectively reducing swaying and significantly reducing cable wear. It also effectively protects the covered area from damage caused by external impacts such as gravel and anchors. This invention's overall wind turbine cable protection device achieves all-around cable protection, effectively reducing the overall dynamic response and vortex-induced vibration response of the wind turbine cable under wave and current action, significantly reducing cable wear, and extending the service life of the wind turbine cable.

[0073] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the barb 12 includes a front connector 31, a parallel middle section 32, a rear connector 33, and a buckle 35. The parallel middle section 32 is located between the front connector 31 and the rear connector 33, and the buckle 35 is located on the parallel middle section 32. A spring is installed inside the barb 12, and the spring is connected to the buckle 35 and assembled below the buckle 35. When the barb 12 is inserted into the pile foundation, the buckle 35 moves towards the spring under the pressure of the pile foundation. The spring connected to the buckle 35 is simultaneously compressed and contracts. After the barb 12 is inserted into the pile foundation, the rebound force generated by the contracted spring acts on the buckle 35, causing the buckle 35 to automatically rebound, thereby fixing the barb 12 to the pile foundation. The wind turbine cable is also fixed to the pile foundation along with the protective device.

[0074] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the internal anti-bending device 11 includes a first main body and a first connecting member 24, which are integrally formed. Preferably, the first connecting member 24 and the first main body are integrally cast during manufacturing. The first main body includes a three-section variable cross-section hollow beam structure, comprising an inner bending first section 21, an inner bending second section 22, and an inner bending third section 23 connected sequentially. The inner bending first section 21 includes a cylinder, the inner bending second section 22 includes a frustum, and the inner bending third section 23 includes a cylinder. One end of the inner bending first section 21 is adapted to the inner bending second section 22, and the other end of the inner bending third section 23 is adapted to the inner bending second section 22. The diameter of the inner bending first section 21 is larger than the diameter of the inner bending third section 23, with the inner bending first section 21 having the largest diameter. The first connecting member 24 includes a cylinder. One end of the first connecting member 24 is connected to the inner bending first section 21, and the other end of the first connecting member 24 is inserted into and connected to the front connector 31 and fixed by the connecting flange 13.

[0075] In the three-section variable cross-section hollow beam structure of the internal anti-bending device 11, the first inner bend 21 is adapted to one end of the second inner bend 22, and the third inner bend 23 is adapted to the other end of the second inner bend 22. The diameter of the first inner bend 21 is greater than the diameter of the third inner bend 23. This can be understood as follows: the diameter of the first inner bend 21 of the cylindrical structure is R1, the diameter of the third inner bend 23 of the cylindrical structure is R3, the diameter of one end of the second inner bend 22 of the frustum structure is R1, and the diameter of the other end of the second inner bend 22 is R3. R1 is greater than R3.

[0076] Specifically, such as Figure 4As shown, the external anti-bending device 14 includes a second body and a second connector 56. The second body and the second connector 56 are integrally formed. Preferably, the second connector 56 and the second body are integrally cast during the manufacturing process. The second main body includes a five-segment variable cross-section hollow beam structure. The five-segment variable cross-section hollow beam structure includes an outer bending first segment 51, an outer bending second segment 52, an outer bending third segment 53, an outer bending fourth segment 54, and an outer bending fifth segment 55 connected in sequence. The outer bending first segment 51 includes a cylinder, the outer bending second segment 52 includes a frustum, the outer bending third segment 53 includes a cylinder, the outer bending fourth segment 54 includes a frustum, and the outer bending fifth segment 55 includes a cylinder. One end of the outer bending first segment 51 is adapted to one end of the outer bending second segment 52, one end of the outer bending third segment 53 is adapted to the other end of the outer bending second segment 52, the other end of the outer bending third segment 53 is adapted to one end of the outer bending fourth segment 54, and the outer bending fifth segment 55 is adapted to the other end of the outer bending fourth segment 54. The diameters of the outer bending first segment 51, the outer bending third segment 53, and the outer bending fifth segment 55 decrease sequentially, with the outer bending first segment 51 having the largest diameter. The second connector 56 includes a cylinder. One end of the second connector 56 is connected to the outwardly bent first section 51, and the other end of the second connector 56 is inserted into the rear connector 33 and fixed by the connecting flange 13.

[0077] In the five-segment variable cross-section hollow beam structure of the external anti-bending device 14, one end of the first external bending segment 51 is adapted to one end of the second external bending segment 52, one end of the third external bending segment 53 is adapted to the other end of the second external bending segment 52, the other end of the third external bending segment 53 is adapted to one end of the fourth external bending segment 54, and the fifth external bending segment 55 is adapted to the other end of the fourth external bending segment 54. The diameters of the first external bending segment 51, the third external bending segment 53, and the fifth external bending segment 55 decrease sequentially. This can be understood as follows: the diameter of the first external bending segment 51 of the cylindrical structure is L1, the diameter of the third external bending segment 53 of the cylindrical structure is L3, the diameter of the fifth external bending segment 55 of the cylindrical structure is L5, the diameter of one end of the second external bending segment 52 of the frustum structure is L1, the diameter of the other end of the second external bending segment 52 of the frustum structure is L3, the diameter of one end of the fourth external bending segment 54 of the frustum structure is L3, and the diameter of the other end of the fourth external bending segment 54 of the frustum structure is L5. L1 is greater than L3, and L3 is greater than L5.

[0078] More specifically, such as Figures 2 to 5As shown, the first connector 24 is inserted into the front connector 31 and fixed by the connecting flange 13, and the second connector 56 is inserted into the rear connector 33 and fixed by the connecting flange 13. One feasible implementation is as follows: the connecting flange 13 comprises two halves, each half having a first bolt hole 41 at its end, and each half having a locating pin 42 on its inner surface. The two halves of the connecting flange can be connected by inserting bolts into the first bolt holes 41, and the locating pins 42 of the two halves are arranged opposite each other. The front connector 31 is provided with a through barbed pin hole 34. The first connector 24 is a cylindrical structure. The first connector 24 is provided with a through inner bent pin hole 25. The inner bent pin hole 25 is provided along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the first connector 24. When the front connector 31 is inserted into the first connector 24, the barbed pin hole 34 and the inner bent pin hole 25 overlap to form a through hole. The positioning pins 42 are inserted into the through hole from two opposite directions for positioning. The bolts are inserted into the first bolt hole 41 to fix the two half connecting flanges. After the first connector 24 and the front connector 31 are inserted, the fixed connection is completed. Similarly, the rear connector 33 is provided with a through barbed pin hole 34, and the second connector 56 is a cylindrical structure with a through externally bent pin hole 57. The externally bent pin hole 57 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the second connector 56. When the rear connector 33 is inserted into the second connector 56, the barbed pin hole 34 and the externally bent pin hole 57 overlap to form a through hole. The positioning pins 42, which are arranged oppositely, are inserted into the through hole from two opposite directions for positioning. Bolts are inserted into the first bolt hole 41 to fix and connect the two halves of the connecting flange. After the second connector 56 and the rear connector 33 are inserted, the fixed connection is completed. In this way, the internal anti-bending device 11 and the external anti-bending device 14 are connected by barbs 12.

[0079] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the sleeve connector 101 includes two detachably connected hollow sleeve connectors. A third groove 102 is provided on the surface of the sleeve connector 101, and the third groove 102 is arranged in the transverse direction of the sleeve connector 101. The third groove 102 accommodates a third cable tie, which can be used to bind and fix the cable tie to the cable surface. The sleeve connector 101 is inserted into the external anti-bend device 14, and the end of the sleeve connector 101 is fixedly connected to the spiral plate sleeve 15. A preferred configuration of the sleeve connector 101 is as follows: the head end of the sleeve connector inserted into the external anti-bend device 14 includes a conical structure to facilitate insertion of the sleeve connector 101 into the external anti-bend device 14; the end of the sleeve connector 101 connecting to the spiral plate sleeve 15 includes a cylindrical structure to facilitate insertion of the sleeve connector 101 into the spiral plate sleeve 15; and the middle part of the sleeve connector 101 with the third groove 102 includes a cylindrical structure with its largest diameter.

[0080] Specifically, such as Figure 7As shown, the spiral plate sleeve 15 includes a shell and spiral plates. The spiral plates are spirally arranged on the outer surface of the shell along the radial direction. Preferably, the shell is a cylindrical shell, and three spiral plates are evenly spirally arranged at 120° intervals on the surface of the cylindrical shell. The cross-section of the spiral plates along the radial direction of the cylindrical shell is trapezoidal. The spiral plate sleeve 15 includes two hollow helical plate sleeves 15. Each hollow helical plate sleeve 15 is provided with a first limiting pin 61 and a first limiting groove 62. The first limiting pin 61 and the first limiting groove 62 are interlocked, and the two hollow helical plate sleeves are fastened together. During the fastening process, the first limiting pin 61 and the first limiting groove 62 are interlocked. The surface of the spiral plate sleeve 15 is provided with a first groove 65, which is arranged in the transverse direction of the spiral plate sleeve 15. The first groove 65 accommodates a first cable tie. Preferably, the first grooves 65 are evenly spaced on the surface of the spiral plate sleeve 15, and are arranged in the transverse direction of the spiral plate sleeve 15, for fastening the two halves of the spiral plate to the cable surface by the first cable tie. One end of the spiral plate sleeve 15 includes a first connector end 64, and the other end includes a first insertion end 63. The inner diameter of the first insertion end 63 is larger than the outer diameter of the first connector end 64. The larger inner diameter of the first insertion end 63 and the smaller outer diameter of the first connector end 64 ensure that adjacent spiral plate sleeves can be connected by insertion, and multiple spiral plate sleeves 15 can be connected sequentially by insertion. Figure 8 As shown, during assembly, the sleeve connector 91 is inserted into the external anti-bend device 14, the spiral plate sleeve 15 is inserted into the end of the sleeve connector 91, and is fastened to the end of the sleeve connector 91 by the first cable tie.

[0081] Specifically, such as Figure 9As shown, the anti-wear sleeve 16 includes two hollow anti-wear sleeve halves. Each hollow anti-wear sleeve halves are provided with a second limiting pin 73 and a second limiting groove 72. The second limiting pin 73 and the second limiting groove 72 are interlocked. The anti-wear sleeve 16 is composed of two hollow anti-wear sleeve halves fastened together. Each half of the anti-wear sleeve is equipped with a hemispherical second limiting pin 73 and a second limiting groove 72. During the fastening process, the second limiting pin 73 and the second limiting groove 72 are interlocked. The surface of the anti-wear sleeve 16 is provided with a second groove 71. The second groove 71 is arranged along the transverse direction of the anti-wear sleeve 16. The second groove 71 contains a second cable tie. Preferably, the second grooves 71 are equally spaced on the surface of the anti-wear sleeve 16. The second grooves 71 are arranged along the transverse direction of the anti-wear sleeve 16 and are used to fasten the two halves of the anti-wear sleeve 16 to the cable surface by the second cable tie. One end of the anti-wear sleeve 16 includes a second connector end 74, and the other end of the anti-wear sleeve 16 includes a second insertion end 75. The inner diameter of the second insertion end 75 is larger than the outer diameter of the second connector end 74. The inner diameter of the second insertion end 75 is larger and the outer diameter of the second connector end 74 is smaller, so as to ensure that two adjacent anti-wear sleeves 16 can be connected by insertion. Multiple anti-wear sleeves 16 can be connected sequentially by insertion. The anti-wear sleeve 16 located at the first end is inserted and connected to the spiral plate sleeve 15 located at the tail end.

[0082] To ensure a stable connection between the spiral plate sleeve 15 and the anti-wear sleeve 16, it is preferable that the spiral plate sleeve 15 and the anti-wear sleeve 16 have similar configurations, with the first connector end 64 of the spiral plate sleeve 15 and the second connector end 74 of the anti-wear sleeve 16 having similar structural configurations, as well as the first insertion end 63 of the spiral plate sleeve 15 and the second insertion end 75 of the anti-wear sleeve 16. This ensures that the second connector end 74 of the anti-wear sleeve 16 and the first insertion end 63 of the spiral plate sleeve 15 can be inserted and connected, and / or the second insertion end 75 of the anti-wear sleeve 16 and the first interface end of the spiral plate sleeve 15 can be inserted and connected.

[0083] Specifically, such as Figure 10As shown, the transition anti-bending device 17 is arranged between the wear-resistant sleeve 16 and the cast iron sleeve 18 for connection and transition. The transition anti-bending device 17 includes a third body 81 and a third connector 82. The third connector 82 is integrally formed with the third body 81. Preferably, the third body 81 and the third connector 82 are integrally cast during the manufacturing process. The third body 81 includes a three-section variable cross-section hollow beam structure, which includes a first anti-bending section, a second anti-bending section, and a third anti-bending section connected in sequence. The first anti-bending section includes a cylinder, the second anti-bending section includes a frustum, and the third anti-bending section includes a cylinder. The first anti-bending section and the second anti-bending section are adapted to each other at one end, and the third anti-bending section and the second anti-bending section are adapted to each other at the other end. The diameter of the first anti-bending section is larger than the diameter of the third anti-bending section, and the diameter of the first anti-bending section is the largest. The third connector 82 includes a cylinder. One end of the third connector 82 is connected to the first anti-bending section, and the other end of the third connector 82 is connected to the cast iron sleeve through a connecting flange 13.

[0084] In the three-section variable cross-section hollow beam structure of the transition anti-bending device 17, the first anti-bending section is adapted to one end of the second anti-bending section, and the third anti-bending section is adapted to the other end of the second anti-bending section. The fact that the diameter of the first anti-bending section is greater than that of the third anti-bending section can be understood as follows: the diameter of the first anti-bending section of the cylindrical structure is M1, the diameter of the third anti-bending section of the cylindrical structure is M3, the diameter of one end of the second anti-bending section of the frustum structure is M1, and the diameter of the other end of the third anti-bending section is M3, where M1 is greater than M3.

[0085] To ensure a stable connection between the transition anti-bend device 17 and the anti-wear sleeve 16, it is preferable that the third anti-bend section of the transition anti-bend device 17 and the anti-wear sleeve 16 are connected by an insertion method.

[0086] Specifically, such as Figure 11 As shown, the cast iron sleeve connector 19 includes a two-section cylindrical structure. One end of the cast iron sleeve connector 19 includes an interlocking end 111, and the other end of the cast iron sleeve connector 19 includes a flange end 112. The outer diameter of the flange end 112 is smaller than the outer diameter of the interlocking end 111. The interlocking end 111 is interlocked with the cast iron sleeve 18, and the flange end 112 is connected to the transition anti-bend device 17 through the connecting flange 13.

[0087] More specifically, the third connector 82 of the transition anti-bend device 17 is inserted into the flange end of the cast iron sleeve connector 19. In a preferred embodiment, a through anti-bend pin hole is provided on the third connector 82, the anti-bend pin hole is provided along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the third connector 82, and the flange end 112 is preferably a hollow cylindrical structure with a through connector pin hole 113. When the flange end 112 is inserted into the third connector 82, the connector pin hole 113 and the anti-bend pin hole overlap to form a through hole. The positioning pins 42 provided on the connecting flange 13 are inserted into the through hole from two opposite directions for positioning. Bolts are inserted into the first bolt hole 41 to fix and connect the two halves of the connecting flange. After the third connector 82 and the flange end 112 are inserted, the fixed connection is completed.

[0088] Specifically, such as Figure 12 As shown, the cast iron sleeve 18 includes two detachably connected cast iron sleeve halves. Preferably, the two cast iron sleeve halves are connected and fixed by mounting bolts in the second bolt hole 93. One end of the cast iron sleeve 18 includes a large spherical connecting end 91, and the other end of the cast iron sleeve 18 includes a small spherical connecting end 92. The outer diameter of the small spherical connecting end 92 is smaller than the inner diameter of the large spherical connecting end 91. When each segment of the cast iron sleeve 18 is connected, the small spherical connecting end 92 of one cast iron sleeve 18 is embedded into the large spherical connecting end 91 of the other cast iron sleeve 18, forming a half-type ball joint structure connection.

[0089] The dimensions or number of the internal anti-bend device 11, barb 12, external anti-bend device 14, spiral plate sleeve 15, abrasion-resistant sleeve 16, transition anti-bend device 17, cast iron sleeve 18, cast iron sleeve connector 19, and sleeve joint 91 of the present invention are determined by the specific parameters of the protected cable.

[0090] The protective device of this invention differs from existing wind turbine cable protective devices. It primarily uses an internal anti-bend device 11 and an external anti-bend device 14 in the anti-bend section to restrict cable bending, keeping the cable curvature within a reasonable range and preventing significant bending under harsh sea conditions. No anti-bend limiters are installed in the suspended and ground-dragging sections. The installation of a spiral plate sleeve 15 in the suspended section significantly reduces the overall dynamic response and vortex-induced vibration response of the cable. The installation of an anti-wear sleeve 16 and a cast iron sleeve 18 in the ground-dragging section effectively reduces cable sway and significantly reduces cable wear. Since the spiral plate sleeve 15, anti-wear sleeve 16, and cast iron sleeve 18 do not need to restrict cable bending, their diameters can be smaller than those of existing bending limiters. The spiral plate sleeve 15, anti-wear sleeve 16, and cast iron sleeve 18 experience less resistance, resulting in smaller movement amplitudes under vortex-induced vibration and harsh sea conditions, which helps reduce cable wear and improve cable service life. The integrated protective device of this invention can provide effective protection for wind turbine cables under harsh sea conditions, while also protecting the cables, reducing wear and tear on the seabed during movement, improving the safety of offshore wind farm cables, and reducing the operation and maintenance costs of offshore wind power facilities.

[0091] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0092] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A comprehensive protective device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves, characterized in that, The protective device includes a cable suspension section protection component and a cable dragging section protection component; The cable suspension section protection assembly includes an internal anti-bend device (11), an external anti-bend device (14), and a spiral plate sleeve (15). The internal anti-bend device (11) is connected to the external anti-bend device (14) through barbs (12), and the spiral plate sleeve (15) is connected to the external anti-bend device (14) through a sleeve joint (91). The cable drag section protection assembly includes an anti-abrasion sleeve (16), a transition anti-bend device (17), and a cast iron sleeve (18). The anti-abrasion sleeve (16) is connected to the spiral plate sleeve (15), the transition anti-bend device (17) is connected to the anti-abrasion sleeve (16), and the cast iron sleeve (18) is connected to the transition anti-bend device (17) through a cast iron sleeve connector.

2. The integrated protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The barb (12) includes a front connector (31), a parallel middle section (32), a rear connector (33), and a buckle (35). The parallel middle section (32) is disposed between the front connector (31) and the rear connector (33), and the buckle (35) is disposed on the parallel middle section (32). A spring is provided inside the barb (12), and the spring is connected to the buckle (35) and assembled below the buckle (35).

3. The integrated protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The internal anti-bending device (11) includes a first main body and a first connecting member (24), which are integrally formed; The first main body includes a three-section variable cross-section hollow beam structure, which includes an inner curved first section (21), an inner curved second section (22), and an inner curved third section (23) connected in sequence. The inner curved first section (21) includes a cylinder, the inner curved second section (22) includes a frustum, and the inner curved third section (23) includes a cylinder. The inner curved first section (21) is adapted to one end of the inner curved second section (22), and the inner curved third section (23) is adapted to the other end of the inner curved second section (22). The diameter of the inner curved first section (21) is larger than the diameter of the inner curved third section (23). The first connector (24) includes a cylinder. One end of the first connector (24) is connected to the inner bend first section (21), and the other end of the first connector (24) is inserted and connected to the front connector (31) and fixed by the connecting flange (13).

4. The integrated protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The external anti-bend device (14) includes a second main body and a second connecting member (56), which are integrally formed; The second main body includes a five-segment variable cross-section hollow beam structure, which includes a first outward bending segment (51), a second outward bending segment (52), a third outward bending segment (53), a fourth outward bending segment (54), and a fifth outward bending segment (55) connected in sequence. The first outward bending segment (51) includes a cylinder, the second outward bending segment (52) includes a frustum, the third outward bending segment (53) includes a cylinder, the fourth outward bending segment (54) includes a frustum, and the fifth outward bending segment (55) includes... A cylinder, wherein one end of the first outward bend (51) is adapted to one end of the second outward bend (52), one end of the third outward bend (53) is adapted to the other end of the second outward bend (52), the other end of the third outward bend (53) is adapted to one end of the fourth outward bend (54), and the fifth outward bend (55) is adapted to the other end of the fourth outward bend (54). The diameters of the first outward bend (51), the third outward bend (53), and the fifth outward bend (55) decrease sequentially. The second connector (56) includes a cylinder. One end of the second connector (56) is connected to the first outward bend (51), and the other end of the second connector (56) is inserted into the rear connector (33) and fixed by the connecting flange (13).

5. The integrated protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral plate sleeve (15) includes a shell and a spiral plate, which is spirally arranged on the outer surface of the shell along the radial direction of the shell; The spiral plate sleeve (15) includes two hollow spiral plate sleeves, each hollow spiral plate sleeve is provided with a first limiting pin (61) and a first limiting groove (62), the first limiting pin (61) and the first limiting groove (62) are fitted together; The surface of the spiral plate sleeve (15) is provided with a first groove (65), the first groove (65) is provided along the transverse direction of the spiral plate sleeve (15), and the first groove (65) contains a first cable tie; One end of the spiral plate sleeve (15) includes a first connector end (64), and the other end of the spiral plate sleeve (15) includes a first insertion end (63), wherein the inner diameter of the first insertion end (63) is greater than the outer diameter of the first connector end (64).

6. The integrated protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wear-resistant sleeve (16) includes two hollow wear-resistant sleeve halves. Each hollow wear-resistant sleeve halves are provided with a second limiting pin (73) and a second limiting groove (72). The second limiting pin (73) and the second limiting groove (72) are interlocked. The surface of the anti-wear sleeve (16) is provided with a second groove (71), the second groove (71) is provided along the transverse direction of the anti-wear sleeve (16), and the second groove (71) contains a second cable tie; One end of the anti-wear sleeve (16) includes a second connector end (74), and the other end of the anti-wear sleeve (16) includes a second insertion end (75), the inner diameter of the second insertion end (75) being larger than the outer diameter of the second connector end (74).

7. The integrated protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve joint (101) includes two detachably connected hollow sleeve joints; The surface of the sleeve joint (101) is provided with a third groove (102), the third groove (102) is provided along the transverse direction of the sleeve joint (101), and the third groove (102) contains a third cable tie; The sleeve connector (101) is inserted into the external anti-bend device (14), and the end of the sleeve connector (101) is fixedly connected to the spiral plate sleeve (15).

8. The integrated protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transition anti-bend device (17) includes a third body (81) and a third connector (82), wherein the third connector (82) is integrally formed with the third body (81); The third main body (81) includes a three-section variable cross-section hollow beam structure, which includes a first anti-bending section, a second anti-bending section, and a third anti-bending section connected in sequence. The first anti-bending section includes a cylinder, the second anti-bending section includes a frustum, and the third anti-bending section includes a cylinder. One end of the first anti-bending section is adapted to the second anti-bending section, and the other end of the third anti-bending section is adapted to the second anti-bending section. The diameter of the first anti-bending section is larger than the diameter of the third anti-bending section. The third connector (82) includes a cylinder, one end of which is connected to the first anti-bending section, and the other end of which is connected to a cast iron sleeve via a connecting flange (13).

9. The integrated protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cast iron sleeve (18) comprises two detachably connected cast iron sleeve halves; One end of the cast iron sleeve (18) includes a large spherical connecting end (91), and the other end of the cast iron sleeve (18) includes a small spherical connecting end (92), the outer diameter of the small spherical connecting end (92) being smaller than the inner diameter of the large spherical connecting end (91).

10. The integrated protection device for offshore wind turbine cables using cast iron sleeves as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cast iron sleeve connector (19) includes a two-section cylindrical structure. One end of the cast iron sleeve connector (19) includes an interlocking end (111), and the other end of the cast iron sleeve connector (19) includes a flange end (112). The outer diameter of the flange end (112) is smaller than the outer diameter of the interlocking end (111). The interlocking end (111) is interlocked with the cast iron sleeve (18). The flange end (112) is connected to the transition anti-bend device (17) through the connecting flange (13).

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