Coating machine and coating process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coating devices, in particular to a coating machine and a coating process thereof. The coating machine comprises a shell, a mounting mechanism and a plurality of clamping mechanisms. The mounting mechanism comprises a plurality of connecting rings, and a plurality of mounting grooves are formed in the side walls of the connecting rings. Each clamping mechanism comprises a clamping frame. During mounting, a workpiece is clamped by the clamping frame and then is inserted into the mounting groove, and in the whole clamping process, an operator can conveniently and quickly mount and dismount the workpiece to be plated, so that the clamping time is remarkably shortened, and the overall processing efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, an operator does not need to directly contact the coating surface of the workpiece, so that artificial pollution is effectively avoided, and the quality of a film layer is guaranteed. The invention provides a coating machine to solve the problems that when an existing coating machine is used for clamping a workpiece, the process is tedious, a coating surface is easily polluted by manual contact, and the machining efficiency is influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coating equipment technology, and more specifically to a coating machine and its coating process. Background Technology

[0002] A vacuum coating machine is a device that uses physical or chemical methods to deposit target materials onto the surface of a substrate (workpiece) in a vacuum environment, thereby forming a thin film with specific functions. It is widely used in high-end manufacturing fields such as optical lenses, semiconductor components, tool coatings, decorative items, and flexible displays to impart excellent properties to products, including anti-reflective, anti-reflective, conductive, hardening, and corrosion resistance. Achieving uniformity in film thickness and composition, as well as high efficiency and stability in the deposition process, are the core technological goals that this type of equipment continuously pursues.

[0003] Currently, multi-station coating machines have become the mainstream to improve the capacity and efficiency of a single process. They typically adopt a planetary carrier structure, where a central rotating spindle drives multiple fixtures carrying workpieces to rotate in a planetary manner, so that each surface of each workpiece can be evenly exposed to the flow of film particles.

[0004] For example, patent application CN114369797A discloses a coating machine that achieves uniform heating of the target material by setting up a heating device, thus improving the heating effect. Simultaneously, a far-infrared heater is fixedly installed at the bottom of the workpiece placement table to heat the bottom surface of the target material, resulting in uniform and efficient heating, and eliminating the need to flip the target material, thus reducing workload. However, the process of installing the workpiece onto the coating machine frame remains relatively complex, especially for disc-shaped workpieces. During clamping, contact with the circular surface must be avoided, and fixation can only be achieved through the side. This leads to cumbersome and time-consuming clamping steps, and manual contact can easily contaminate the coating surface, affecting the final film quality. It also reduces operational efficiency and is not conducive to rapid loading and unloading in mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a coating machine to solve the problems of existing coating machines where the process of clamping workpieces is cumbersome, manual contact easily contaminates the coating surface, and affects processing efficiency.

[0006] The coating machine of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The coating machine includes a housing, a mounting mechanism, multiple snap-fit ​​mechanisms, and multiple support mechanisms. The mounting mechanism includes a top cover, a support ring, and multiple frustum-shaped connecting rings. The connecting rings are vertically arranged axially, and their upper diameter is smaller than their lower diameter. The multiple connecting rings are distributed sequentially from top to bottom, and the lower end diameter of each connecting ring gradually increases from top to bottom, allowing adjacent connecting rings to rotate coaxially relative to each other. The top cover is rotatably disposed within the housing and rotates synchronously with the uppermost connecting ring. The support ring and the connecting rings are coaxially arranged, located below and abutting against the lowermost connecting ring.

[0007] Multiple mounting slots are provided on the side wall of the connecting ring. Each clamping mechanism includes a clamping bracket for clamping the workpiece, and each clamping bracket is detachably mounted in a mounting slot.

[0008] Multiple support mechanisms are distributed circumferentially along the connecting ring. Each support mechanism includes multiple support components, and each support component corresponds to a connecting ring. Each support component includes a support rod and a roller. The support rod is disposed within the housing. The roller is rotatably mounted on the support rod and is coaxially arranged with the support rod.

[0009] The roller corresponding to the bottommost connecting ring abuts against the support ring, while the remaining rollers abut against the lower surface of their respective connecting rings to provide support. Each roller also makes frictional contact with two adjacent connecting rings. When the top cover rotates, power is transmitted sequentially to each connecting ring via the rollers, causing adjacent connecting rings to rotate relative to each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the mounting groove includes interconnected coating holes and a limiting groove. The coating holes penetrate the side wall of the connecting ring, and the workpiece is circular and corresponds to the coating holes. The limiting groove is connected to the lower side of the connecting ring, and a clamping bracket is disposed within the limiting groove. When the upper side of the connecting ring abuts against the lower side of the adjacent connecting ring, the connecting ring below blocks the limiting groove of the connecting ring above.

[0011] Furthermore, the clamping frame includes a mounting plate and two clamping springs. The upper side of the mounting plate has a first arc surface, which is coaxial with the workpiece and has the same radius. The two clamping springs are respectively disposed on both sides of the mounting plate along the circumference of the connecting ring. The middle part of each clamping spring is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, and an adjusting spring is fixedly disposed at the lower part of each clamping spring, abutting against the mounting plate. The upper part of each clamping spring has a second arc surface, which has the same radius as the workpiece. The first arc surface and the two second arc surfaces together form a clamping mechanism for the workpiece.

[0012] Furthermore, except for the uppermost connecting ring, friction ring surfaces are provided on the upper sidewalls of the remaining connecting rings. The friction ring surfaces are coaxially arranged with the connecting rings, and each friction ring surface is used to make frictional contact with the roller corresponding to the adjacent connecting ring above.

[0013] Furthermore, the axis of the roller is perpendicular to the generatrix of the cone at the contact point between the roller and the sidewall of the connecting ring. The support rod and the roller are movable relative to each other along the axial direction of the support rod. Each support assembly also includes a spring, which is arranged along the axial direction of the support rod and abuts against the support rod and the roller. The spring is used to provide axial clamping force to the roller.

[0014] Furthermore, each support assembly also includes a torsion spring and a limiting ring. The limiting ring is coaxially arranged with the support rod and located outside the support rod. The limiting ring is connected to the support rod via a spline. The support rod and the limiting ring can slide axially relative to each other and rotate synchronously. The inner end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the limiting ring, and the outer end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the roller.

[0015] Furthermore, each support mechanism also includes a connecting rod, which is slidably disposed within the housing. The connecting rod and the sidewall of the connecting ring are arranged parallel to each other and are located outside the connecting ring. Multiple support rods in each support mechanism are fixedly disposed on the corresponding connecting rods.

[0016] A bracket is fixedly installed inside the housing. Each support mechanism includes multiple hydraulic cylinders, which are distributed sequentially along the axial direction of the connecting rod. The axial direction of the hydraulic cylinders is parallel to the axial direction of the support rod, and the hydraulic cylinders connect the bracket and the connecting rod.

[0017] Furthermore, a coating machine also includes a drive mechanism, which comprises a rotating shaft, a motor, and a timing belt. The rotating shaft and a connecting ring are coaxially arranged, and the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed within the housing. The upper cover is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the upper cover and the uppermost connecting ring are slidably connected vertically, and the upper cover and the uppermost connecting ring rotate synchronously. The motor is fixedly mounted on a bracket, and the timing belt connects the motor's output shaft and the rotating shaft.

[0018] Furthermore, a sealing door is provided on the outer shell.

[0019] A coating process using a coating machine includes the following steps: S1, after clamping the workpiece with the clamping bracket, insert it into the mounting slot.

[0020] S2 consists of multiple connecting rings installed sequentially from top to bottom, with rollers abutting against the corresponding connecting rings to provide support.

[0021] S3, rotate the top cover, and the power is transmitted to each connecting ring in sequence through the rollers, so that the two adjacent connecting rings rotate relative to each other.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The coating machine of this invention, through its installation mechanism, multiple clamping mechanisms, and multiple supporting mechanisms, allows for convenient and quick installation and removal of the workpiece during installation. This significantly shortens the clamping time and improves overall processing efficiency. Furthermore, the operator does not need to directly contact the coating surface of the workpiece, effectively avoiding human contamination and ensuring the quality of the coating layer.

[0023] Multiple connecting rings are installed sequentially from top to bottom, and are supported by rollers that abut against the corresponding connecting rings. This structure makes the disassembly and installation of the connecting rings extremely convenient, improving the ease of equipment maintenance and the replacement of fixtures for workpieces of different sizes.

[0024] Rotating the top cover transmits power sequentially to each connecting ring via rollers, causing relative rotation between adjacent connecting rings. This relative rotation creates intense shear turbulence on the workpiece surface and in the surrounding space, effectively breaking the stable homing gas layer formed by unidirectional rotation. This promotes thorough and uniform mixing of the reactive gas and the target ion gas within the vacuum chamber, thereby preventing target poisoning or film whitening, ensuring uniformity of film color and composition, and broadening the stable process window. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coating machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a coating machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a coating machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial front view of a coating machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of a partial structure of a coating machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the snap-fit ​​mechanism of a coating machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 100, outer casing; 101, top cover; 102, bracket; 103, sealing door; 104, motor; 105, hydraulic cylinder; 106, rotating shaft; 200, connecting ring; 201, mounting groove; 202, friction ring surface; 203, limiting plate; 2041, clamping spring; 2042, mounting plate; 2043, adjusting spring; 205, support ring; 301, roller; 302, spring; 303, torsion spring; 3031, limiting ring; 304, support rod; 305, connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 9 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a coating machine, including a housing 100, a mounting mechanism, multiple snap-fit ​​mechanisms, and multiple support mechanisms. The mounting mechanism includes an upper cover 101, a support ring 205, and multiple frustum-shaped connecting rings 200. The connecting rings 200 are vertically oriented axially, with their upper diameter smaller than their lower diameter. The multiple connecting rings 200 are distributed sequentially from top to bottom, and the lower end diameter of each connecting ring 200 gradually increases from top to bottom, allowing adjacent connecting rings 200 to rotate coaxially relative to each other. The upper and lower sides of the connecting rings 200 are both perpendicular to their sidewalls. The upper cover 101 is rotatably disposed within the housing 100 and rotates synchronously with the uppermost connecting ring 200. The support ring 205 is coaxially arranged with the connecting rings 200 and is located below and abuts against the lowermost connecting ring 200.

[0030] The side wall of the connecting ring 200 has a plurality of mounting slots 201 distributed circumferentially along the connecting ring 200. Each clamping mechanism includes a clamping bracket for clamping the workpiece, and each clamping bracket is detachably mounted in a mounting slot 201.

[0031] Multiple support mechanisms are distributed circumferentially along the connecting ring 200. Each support mechanism includes multiple support components, and each support component corresponds to a connecting ring 200. Each support component includes a support rod 304 and a roller 301. The support rod 304 is disposed within the housing 100. The roller 301 is rotatably disposed on the support rod 304 and is coaxially disposed with the support rod 304.

[0032] The roller 301 corresponding to the lowest connecting ring 200 abuts against the support ring 205, while the remaining rollers 301 abut against the lower surface of their respective connecting rings 200 to provide support. Each roller 301 also has frictional contact with two adjacent connecting rings 200. The axis of the roller 301 is perpendicular to the generatrix of the cone at the contact point between the roller 301 and the side wall of the connecting ring 200. When the upper cover 101 rotates, power is sequentially transmitted to each connecting ring 200 through the rollers 301, causing adjacent connecting rings 200 to rotate relative to each other.

[0033] During installation, the clamping bracket is inserted into the mounting slot 201 after clamping the workpiece. Throughout the clamping process, the operator can easily and quickly install and remove the workpiece to be plated, significantly shortening the clamping time and improving the overall processing efficiency. At the same time, the operator does not need to directly contact the workpiece coating surface, effectively avoiding human contamination and ensuring the quality of the coating layer.

[0034] Multiple connecting rings 200 are installed sequentially from top to bottom, and are supported by rollers 301 that abut against the corresponding connecting rings 200. This structure makes the disassembly and installation of the connecting rings 200 extremely convenient, improving the ease of equipment maintenance and the replacement of fixtures for workpieces of different sizes.

[0035] Rotating the top cover 101 transmits power sequentially to each connecting ring 200 via rollers 301, causing adjacent connecting rings 200 to rotate relative to each other. This relative rotation creates strong shear turbulence on the workpiece surface and in the surrounding space, effectively breaking the stable homing gas flow layer formed by unidirectional rotation. This promotes thorough and uniform mixing of the reactive gas and the target ion gas in the vacuum chamber, thereby preventing target poisoning or film whitening, ensuring the uniformity of film color and composition, and broadening the stable process window.

[0036] In this embodiment, the mounting groove 201 includes a coating hole and a limiting groove that communicate with each other. The coating hole penetrates the side wall of the connecting ring 200, and the workpiece is circular and corresponds to the coating hole. The limiting groove communicates with the lower side of the connecting ring 200, and the clamping bracket is disposed in the limiting groove. When the upper side of the connecting ring 200 abuts against the lower side of the adjacent connecting ring 200, the lower connecting ring 200 blocks the limiting groove of the upper connecting ring 200, which can effectively prevent the clamping bracket from loosening or falling off due to gravity or centrifugal force during high-speed rotation.

[0037] In this embodiment, the clamping frame includes a mounting plate 2042 and two clamping springs 2041. The upper side of the mounting plate 2042 is provided with a first arc surface, which is coaxial with the workpiece and has the same radius.

[0038] Two clamping springs 2041 are respectively disposed on both sides of the mounting plate 2042 along the circumference of the connecting ring 200. The middle part of the clamping spring 2041 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 2042, and an adjusting spring 2043 is fixedly disposed at the lower part of each clamping spring 2041, the adjusting spring 2043 abutting against the mounting plate 2042. Two grooves are formed in each limiting groove, and the two grooves are distributed sequentially along the circumference of the connecting ring 200. A protrusion is provided at the lower part of each clamping spring 2041, and each protrusion is disposed in a groove.

[0039] Each clamping spring 2041 has a second arc surface on its upper part, and the radius of the second arc surface is the same as that of the workpiece. The first arc surface and the two second arc surfaces are covered with anti-slip textures, and the first arc surface and the two second arc surfaces together form a clamping mechanism for the workpiece.

[0040] First, press down on the lower part of the clamping spring 2041, causing the second arc surfaces of the two clamping springs 2041 to move away from each other. At this time, the adjusting spring 2043 is deformed by compression. Next, after the workpiece is brought into contact with the first arc surface, the clamping spring 2041 is released. Under the action of the adjusting spring 2043, the second arc surfaces of the two clamping springs 2041 move closer to each other, thereby clamping the workpiece. Subsequently, the clamping frame is inserted into the limiting groove, and the protrusion on the clamping spring 2041 is engaged with the groove, thereby achieving the limiting and fixing of the clamping frame.

[0041] In this embodiment, except for the uppermost connecting ring 200, each of the other connecting rings 200 has a friction ring surface 202 on its upper sidewall. The friction ring surface 202 and the connecting ring 200 are coaxially arranged, and each friction ring surface 202 is used to make frictional contact with the sidewall of the roller 301 corresponding to the adjacent connecting ring 200 above it. When the roller 301 rotates, it drives the connecting ring 200 to rotate through the friction ring surface 202.

[0042] In this embodiment, the support rod 304 and the roller 301 are movable relative to each other along the axial direction of the support rod 304. Each support assembly also includes a spring 302, which is arranged along the axial direction of the support rod 304 and abuts against the support rod 304 and the roller 301. The spring 302 is used to provide axial clamping force to the roller 301.

[0043] In this embodiment, each support assembly further includes a torsion spring 303 and a limiting ring 3031. The limiting ring 3031 and the support rod 304 are coaxially arranged and located outside the support rod 304. The limiting ring 3031 is connected to the support rod 304 via a spline. The support rod 304 and the limiting ring 3031 can slide axially relative to each other and rotate synchronously. The inner end of the torsion spring 303 is fixedly connected to the limiting ring 3031, and the outer end of the torsion spring 303 is fixedly connected to the roller 301.

[0044] In this embodiment, each support mechanism further includes a connecting rod 305, which is slidably disposed within the housing 100. The connecting rod 305 is parallel to the side wall of the connecting ring 200 and is located outside the connecting ring 200. Multiple support rods 304 in each support mechanism are fixedly disposed on the corresponding connecting rod 305.

[0045] A bracket 102 is fixedly installed inside the housing 100. Each support mechanism includes multiple hydraulic cylinders 105, which are distributed sequentially along the axial direction of the connecting rod 305. The axial direction of the hydraulic cylinders 105 is parallel to the axial direction of the support rod 304, and the hydraulic cylinders 105 connect the bracket 102 and the connecting rod 305.

[0046] In this embodiment, a coating machine further includes a drive mechanism, which includes a rotating shaft 106, a motor 104, and a synchronous belt. The rotating shaft 106 and the connecting ring 200 are coaxially arranged, and the rotating shaft 106 is rotatably disposed within the housing 100. The upper cover 101 and the rotating shaft 106 are fixedly connected, and the upper cover 101 and the uppermost connecting ring 200 are slidably connected vertically, and the upper cover 101 and the uppermost connecting ring 200 rotate synchronously. A limit plate 203 is fixedly provided on the upper side of the uppermost connecting ring 200, and the limit plate 203 has multiple limit holes. Multiple limit blocks are fixedly provided on the upper cover 101, and each limit block is slidably disposed vertically within a limit hole. The motor 104 is fixedly mounted on the bracket 102, and the synchronous belt connects the output shaft of the motor 104 and the rotating shaft 106.

[0047] In this embodiment, a sealing door 103 is provided on the outer casing 100.

[0048] A coating process using a coating machine includes the following steps: S1, In the initial state, the support rod 304 and the limiting ring 3031 are separated, the limiting ring 3031 rotates relative to the support rod 304, and the spring 302 remains naturally extended.

[0049] During installation, first press down on the lower part of the clamping spring 2041, causing the second arc surfaces of the two clamping springs 2041 to move away from each other. At this time, the adjusting spring 2043 is deformed by compression. Next, after the workpiece is placed against the first arc surface, the clamping spring 2041 is released. Under the action of the adjusting spring 2043, the second arc surfaces of the two clamping springs 2041 move closer to each other, thereby clamping the workpiece. Subsequently, the clamping frame is inserted into the limiting groove, and the protrusion on the clamping spring 2041 engages with the groove, achieving the limiting and fixing of the clamping frame. Throughout the clamping process, the operator can conveniently and quickly install and remove the workpiece to be plated, significantly shortening the clamping time and improving the overall processing efficiency. At the same time, the operator does not need to directly contact the coating surface of the workpiece, effectively avoiding human contamination and ensuring the quality of the coating layer.

[0050] S2, Next, move the roller 301 in the uppermost support assembly so that it moves closer to the connecting rod 305, compressing the spring 302. Then, slide the connecting ring 200 with the smallest diameter to the upper cover 101, and then release the roller 301. Under the reset action of the spring 302, the roller 301 moves away from the connecting rod 305 until it fits against the lower side of the connecting ring 200. Since the roller 301 is axially perpendicular to the side wall of the connecting ring 200, multiple rollers 301 together limit the position of the connecting ring 200.

[0051] To continue installing the next connecting ring 200: First, move the roller 301 corresponding to the connecting ring 200 to avoid interference with the installation operation. Then, press the upper side of the connecting ring 200 tightly against the lower side of the connecting ring 200 already installed above it. At this point, the upper side of the connecting ring 200 simultaneously seals multiple limiting grooves, effectively preventing the clamping frame from loosening or falling off due to gravity or centrifugal force during high-speed rotation. Simultaneously, the roller 301 corresponding to the uppermost connecting ring 200 will abut against the friction ring surface 202 on the upper part of the current connecting ring 200. Finally, release the roller 301 corresponding to the current connecting ring 200 to reset it and limit the connection ring 200.

[0052] Complete the installation of all connecting rings 200 following the steps described above. When installing the last connecting ring 200, first align it with the connecting ring 200 above it, then abut it with the support ring 205. Next, release the roller 301 corresponding to the last connecting ring 200; the roller 301 will then abut against the support ring 205, thus limiting the position of both the support ring 205 and the last connecting ring 200. This structure makes the disassembly and installation of the connecting rings 200 extremely convenient, improving the ease of equipment maintenance and the replacement of fixtures for workpieces of different sizes.

[0053] S3. During the coating process, a vacuum is first drawn inside the outer casing 100, and then reactive gas and ionized gas formed by the target material are introduced into the outer casing 100. Then, the motor 104 is started, rotating in the forward direction. The motor 104 drives the rotating shaft 106 to rotate via a synchronous belt, and the rotating shaft 106 drives the uppermost connecting ring 200 to rotate via the upper cover 101. The uppermost connecting ring 200 drives the roller 301 in contact with it to rotate. Because the roller 301 is in frictional contact with the two adjacent connecting rings 200, it drives the next layer of connecting rings 200 to rotate, and the direction of rotation is opposite to that of the upper roller 301. Multiple support components sequentially transmit power to each connecting ring 200, enabling adjacent connecting rings 200 to rotate in opposite directions. This relative rotation creates strong shear turbulence on the workpiece surface and in the surrounding space, effectively breaking the stable follow-up airflow layer formed by unidirectional rotation. This promotes full and uniform mixing of the reactive gas and the target ion gas in the vacuum chamber, thereby preventing problems such as target poisoning or film whitening, ensuring the uniformity of film color and composition, and broadening the stable process window.

[0054] In order to eliminate the problem of uneven coating on the workpiece surface caused by unidirectional rotation during reactive plating, it is necessary to change the revolution direction of the workpiece at regular intervals.

[0055] When the workpiece's revolution direction needs to be changed, motor 104 is first turned off, and multiple connecting frames gradually slow down under inertia. During this process, hydraulic cylinder 105 is activated, driving connecting rod 305 to move closer to connecting ring 200. Since roller 301 and connecting ring 200 are in contact, when connecting rod 305 moves, it drives support rod 304 to move relative to roller 301 until support rod 304 and limit ring 3031 are connected via spline engagement. At this time, the rotation of roller 301 will store force for torsion spring 303. During the storage process, torsion spring 303 absorbs the inertial kinetic energy of connecting ring 200, significantly reducing the load that motor 104 needs to overcome when starting in reverse.

[0056] After the connecting frame has completely stopped, the motor 104 is restarted. This time, the motor 104 rotates in reverse, driving the shaft 106 to rotate in the opposite direction, changing the direction of each roller 301, and thus synchronously changing the direction of each connecting frame. Simultaneously with the change in the direction of the rollers 301, the torsion spring 303 releases its stored energy to assist in the rotation of the rollers 301, thereby assisting the connecting frame in achieving direction conversion and significantly reducing the driving load on the motor 104 at the moment of reverse start-up. Through this "energy storage-release" cycle mechanism, the motor 104 is effectively protected and its service life is extended.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coating machine, characterized in that: It includes a housing, a mounting mechanism, multiple snap-fit ​​mechanisms, and multiple support mechanisms; the mounting mechanism includes a top cover, a support ring, and multiple frustum-shaped connecting rings; the connecting rings are vertically oriented axially, with the diameter of their upper side smaller than that of their lower side; the multiple connecting rings are distributed sequentially from top to bottom, and the diameter of the lower end face of each connecting ring gradually increases from top to bottom, and adjacent connecting rings can rotate coaxially relative to each other; the top cover is rotatably disposed inside the housing and rotates synchronously with the uppermost connecting ring; the support ring and the connecting rings are coaxially arranged, located below and abutting against the lowermost connecting ring; Multiple mounting slots are provided on the side wall of the connecting ring; each snap-fit ​​mechanism includes a clamping bracket for clamping the workpiece, and each clamping bracket is detachably installed in a mounting slot; Multiple support mechanisms are distributed circumferentially along the connecting ring. Each support mechanism includes multiple support components, and each support component corresponds to a connecting ring. Each support component includes a support rod and a roller. The support rod is disposed inside the housing. The roller is rotatably disposed on the support rod and is coaxially disposed with the support rod. The roller corresponding to the bottommost connecting ring abuts against the support ring, while the remaining rollers abut against the lower side of the corresponding connecting ring to provide support. Each roller also makes frictional contact with the two adjacent connecting rings. When the top cover rotates, the power is transmitted to each connecting ring in sequence through the rollers, causing the two adjacent connecting rings to rotate relative to each other.

2. The coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting groove includes interconnected coating holes and limiting grooves; the coating holes penetrate the side wall of the connecting ring, the workpiece is circular and corresponds to the coating holes; the limiting groove is connected to the lower side of the connecting ring, and the clamping bracket is set in the limiting groove; when the upper side of the connecting ring and the lower side of the adjacent connecting ring abut against each other, the connecting ring at the bottom will block the limiting groove of the upper connecting ring.

3. A coating machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping frame includes a mounting plate and two clamping springs. The upper side of the mounting plate has a first arc surface, which is coaxial with the workpiece and has the same radius. The two clamping springs are respectively disposed on both sides of the mounting plate along the circumference of the connecting ring. The middle part of the clamping spring is rotatably connected to the mounting plate. An adjusting spring is fixedly disposed at the lower part of each clamping spring, and the adjusting spring abuts against the mounting plate. The upper part of each clamping spring has a second arc surface, which has the same radius as the workpiece. The first arc surface and the two second arc surfaces together form a clamping mechanism for the workpiece.

4. A coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Except for the uppermost connecting ring, each of the other connecting rings has a friction ring surface on its upper sidewall. The friction ring surface is coaxial with the connecting ring, and each friction ring surface is used to make frictional contact with the roller corresponding to the adjacent connecting ring above.

5. A coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the roller is perpendicular to the generatrix of the cone at the contact point between the roller and the side wall of the connecting ring; the support rod and the roller can move relative to each other along the axial direction of the support rod, and each support assembly also includes a spring, which is arranged along the axial direction of the support rod and abuts against the support rod and the roller, and the spring is used to provide axial clamping force to the roller.

6. A coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each support assembly also includes a torsion spring and a limiting ring. The limiting ring is coaxially arranged with the support rod and is located outside the support rod. The limiting ring is connected to the support rod via a spline. The support rod and the limiting ring can slide relative to each other axially and rotate synchronously. The inner end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the limiting ring, and the outer end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the roller.

7. A coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each support mechanism also includes a connecting rod, which is slidably disposed within the housing; the connecting rod and the sidewall of the connecting ring are arranged parallel to each other and are located outside the connecting ring; multiple support rods in each support mechanism are fixedly disposed on the corresponding connecting rod; A bracket is fixedly installed inside the housing. Each support mechanism includes multiple hydraulic cylinders, which are distributed sequentially along the axial direction of the connecting rod. The axial direction of the hydraulic cylinders is parallel to the axial direction of the support rod, and the hydraulic cylinders connect the bracket and the connecting rod.

8. A coating machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a drive mechanism, which includes a rotating shaft, a motor, and a synchronous belt; the rotating shaft and the connecting ring are coaxially arranged, and the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged inside the housing; the upper cover and the rotating shaft are fixedly connected, and the upper cover and the uppermost connecting ring are slidably connected up and down, and the upper cover and the uppermost connecting ring rotate synchronously; the motor is fixedly arranged on the bracket, and the synchronous belt connects the output shaft of the motor and the rotating shaft.

9. A coating machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer casing has a closed door.

10. A coating process for a coating machine, utilizing a coating machine according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, after clamping the workpiece with the clamping bracket, insert it into the mounting slot; S2, multiple connecting rings are installed sequentially from top to bottom, and support is provided by rollers abutting against the corresponding connecting rings; S3, rotate the top cover, and the power is transmitted to each connecting ring in sequence through the rollers, so that the two adjacent connecting rings rotate relative to each other.

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