Soil sampling device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of soil sampling devices and discloses a soil sampling device which comprises a movable main machine frame, a drilling power device is arranged in the main machine frame, a drill rod is arranged at the bottom of the drilling power device, a drill bit is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the drill rod, and at least two sampling devices which are longitudinally arranged at equal intervals are installed on the drill rod. The sampling device comprises a pipe body fixedly installed in the drill rod, two piston pipes are movably installed in the pipe body in a sleeved mode, sampling shafts are movably installed in the two piston pipes in a sleeved mode respectively, and sampling grooves located in the piston pipes are formed in the side faces of the sampling shafts. A drilling power device drives a drill bit and a drill rod to drill into the ground until a sampling device is located at the depth needing sampling, the drill rod is kept to drive the sampling device to rotate horizontally, a piston pipe firstly moves to the outer portion of a pipe body and is close to the outer edge of loose soil, a sampling shaft moves to the outer side of the piston pipe, and the soil enters a sampling groove; multiple layers of soil can be efficiently sampled at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of soil sampling device technology, and more particularly to a soil sampling device. Background Technology

[0002] When it is necessary to assess soil quality, study soil evolution, explore mineral resources, monitor soil pollution, and apply these technologies to agricultural management, it is essential to sample the underground soil. This allows for research based on the sampled soil. During the soil sampling process, it is necessary to prevent cross-contamination and to record detailed information such as sampling location, depth, and time for subsequent analysis and research.

[0003] Existing soil sampling equipment includes manual, electric, and gasoline-powered soil sampling equipment. Among them, manual soil samplers are only suitable for shallow soil sampling. When sampling deep soil, electric and gasoline-powered soil samplers are not suitable for sampling multiple soil layers at the same time if drilling is used. If a sampling tube is used, the tube needs to be filled with soil and the soil at the corresponding depth of the sampling tube needs to be sampled. Due to the frictional resistance between the soil and the sampling tube and the weight of the soil in the sampling tube, this method makes drilling the sampling tube difficult and the sampling efficiency low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes a soil sampling device that has the advantages of low difficulty and high efficiency in sampling deep soil, in order to solve the problem that existing soil sampling devices are unable to sample multiple layers of soil simultaneously and efficiently when sampling deep soil.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a soil sampling device, including a movable main frame, a drilling power device is provided inside the main frame, a drill rod is provided at the bottom of the drilling power device, a drill bit is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the drill rod, and an air guide groove is provided on the drill rod.

[0006] At least two longitudinally equidistant sampling devices are installed on the drill pipe. Each sampling device includes a tube body fixedly installed inside the drill pipe. Two piston tubes are movably fitted inside the tube body. Sampling shafts are movably fitted inside the two piston tubes. Sampling grooves are opened on the side of the sampling shafts and located inside the piston tubes.

[0007] The drilling power unit drives the drill bit and drill rod to drill into the ground until the sampling device is at the required sampling depth. The drill rod keeps the sampling device rotating horizontally, and air is introduced and pressurized through the air guide groove. The air pressure pushes the piston tube to move to the outside of the tube body until one end of the piston tube is close to the outer edge of the loose soil. Then, the sampling shaft moves to the outside of the piston tube and rotates the entire sampling device with the help of the drill rod, allowing the soil to enter the sampling trench. A vacuum is then drawn into the tube body through the air guide groove, and the negative pressure is used to move the piston tube into the tube body. The sampling shaft moves into the piston tube and controls the drill rod to move to the ground to remove the soil from the sampling trench.

[0008] Furthermore, both ends of the tube are provided with tube plugs, a limiting ring is fixedly fitted in the middle of the inner cavity of the tube, and both the tube and the limiting ring are provided with through holes communicating with the air guide groove. The two piston tubes are respectively located on both sides of the limiting ring.

[0009] The limiting ring also limits the piston tubes on both sides, preventing the piston tubes from moving and blocking the through holes on the limiting ring, thus affecting the connectivity between the internal cavities of the various tubes on the drill pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, a sealing plug is fixedly installed at one end of the piston tube near the limiting ring sleeve. The cross-sections of the piston tube and the sampling shaft are both T-shaped. The protruding part of the piston tube is provided with a sealing ring I that is movably connected to the inner wall of the tube. The protruding part of the sampling shaft is provided with a sealing ring II that is movably connected to the inner wall of the piston tube. A spring is provided between one side of the protruding part of the sampling shaft and the inner wall of the piston tube away from the sealing plug.

[0011] The installation of sealing rings I and II ensures that the piston tube and sampling shaft can move under air pressure.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing sleeve is installed on the outer wall of the middle part of the tube body, and the outer wall of the sealing sleeve is sealed and fitted with the inner wall of the drill rod. A through hole is also opened in the middle of the sealing sleeve to connect the air guide groove and the inner cavity of the tube body, so as to form an effective seal by using the sealing sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the main frame includes a lower carrier plate, with support rods fixedly connected to the four corners of the top of the lower carrier plate. An upper carrier plate is fixedly connected to the top of the four support rods. Several equidistant transverse reinforcing plates are provided on the left, right, and rear sides of the main frame, and the two ends of the transverse reinforcing plates are fixedly connected to two support rods respectively. An inclined support plate is fixedly connected between every two transverse reinforcing plates. Four limiting rods are fixedly installed between the lower carrier plate and the upper carrier plate. The four limiting rods are movably sleeved with the moving plate, and the four limiting rods are symmetrical about the axis of the transmission shaft.

[0014] The lower carrier plate is equipped with casters at all four corners to facilitate the movement of the main frame. The horizontal reinforcement plate and the diagonal support plate improve the stability of the main frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the drilling power unit includes two hydraulic cylinders fixedly installed on the top of the upper carrier plate. The bottom ends of the piston shafts of the two hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to a moving plate. A transmission shaft is movably mounted on the middle of the moving plate via a bearing. Gear I is fixedly installed on the outer side of the transmission shaft. A motor located on one side of the transmission shaft is fixedly installed on the moving plate. The output shaft of the motor extends to the bottom of the moving plate and is fixedly installed with gear II. The external teeth of gear II mesh with the external teeth of gear I. A rotary joint is fixedly installed at the top end of the transmission shaft. An air guide pipe is connected to the top end of the rotary joint. An air filling and extraction device is connected to the end of the air guide pipe away from the rotary joint.

[0016] The motor drives the output shaft to rotate gear II, which in turn drives gear I and the transmission shaft to rotate as a whole. At the same time, the piston shaft of the hydraulic cylinder drives the moving plate and the transmission shaft to move longitudinally. Air can be supplied or evacuated into the transmission shaft through the air pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the inflation and depressurization device includes an inflation pump and a vacuum pump fixedly installed on the upper carrier plate. The air outlet of the inflation pump and the air inlet of the vacuum pump are respectively connected to air guide pipes II, and each of the two air guide pipes II is equipped with a solenoid valve. One end of each of the two air guide pipes II is connected to a three-way pipe, and one side of the three-way pipe is connected to the air guide pipe.

[0018] An air pump can be used to pressurize the inside of the air guide groove and pipe, while a vacuum pump can be used to evacuate the inside of the air guide groove and pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, four positioning devices are installed on the lower carrier plate, and the four positioning devices are respectively close to the four support rods. The positioning device includes a positioning shaft. The lower part of the positioning shaft is a cone-shaped body, which facilitates the insertion of the positioning shaft into the ground. The middle part of the positioning shaft is set as a threaded part that is threaded to the lower carrier plate, which facilitates moving the bottom end of the positioning shaft above the caster without affecting the movement of the main frame. The upper part of the positioning shaft is a smooth shaft. A pedal is fixedly connected to the top of the positioning shaft, and a U-shaped pull rod is fixedly installed on the top of the pedal.

[0020] The U-shaped pull rod allows operators to easily rotate or lift the positioning shaft. When the threaded part of the positioning shaft is rotated to the bottom of the lower carrier plate, the positioning shaft can be further inserted into the soil by stepping on the foot pedal, which facilitates effective fixation of the main frame when taking soil samples.

[0021] Furthermore, the top of the drill rod is provided with a slot communicating with the air guide groove, the bottom end of the drive shaft is adapted to the slot, and the bottom end of the drive shaft is fixed to the air guide groove by two bolts. The outer side of the bottom end of the air guide groove is provided with a sealing ring III that seals against the inner wall of the slot. The middle part of the drive shaft is provided with an air guide groove that connects the rotary joint and the air guide groove. The bottom end of the drill rod has the same structure as the bottom end of the drive shaft, so that the two drill rods can also be inserted and fixed by threaded pins, just like the drill rod and the drive shaft. A placement plate is fixedly installed on one side of the lower carrier plate of the main frame, and at least one drill rod is placed on the placement plate.

[0022] Furthermore, a through hole is provided in the middle of the lower carrier plate, and the inner diameter of the through hole is greater than the distance between the two sides of the drill bit, ensuring that the drill bit can pass through the through hole in the middle of the lower carrier plate, and after the soil drilling and sampling is completed, the drill bit can move above the lower carrier plate without affecting the overall movement of the main frame.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. This application provides a soil sampling device, including a drill rod and drill bit design. The sampling device is installed inside the drill rod. The drill bit and drill rod are driven by a drilling power device to drill into the ground until the sampling device is at the required sampling depth. The drill rod is kept in place to drive the sampling device to rotate horizontally. Air is introduced and pressurized through the air guide groove. The air pressure is used to push the piston tube to move to the outside of the tube body until one end of the piston tube is close to the outer edge of the loose soil. Then, the sampling shaft moves to the outside of the piston tube, which, together with the drill rod, drives the entire sampling device to rotate, allowing the soil to enter the sampling groove. This facilitates the drilling of the drill rod and sampling device into the ground and improves the efficiency of soil sampling.

[0025] 2. By setting several longitudinally equidistant sampling devices inside the drill rod, it is convenient to sample multiple layers of soil simultaneously after the drill rod is drilled into the ground, which further improves the soil sampling efficiency. When sampling the soil, the air pressure is used to push the piston tube to move to the outside of the tube first. After one end of the piston tube approaches the outer edge of the loose soil, the sampling shaft moves to the outside of the piston tube, which makes the soil sampling more accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the soil sampling device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the air-filling and air-evacuating device;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the drill pipe and the drive shaft;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the left-side cross-sectional structure of the drill pipe at point aa;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the diagram;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A top-view cross-sectional view of the drill pipe at point bb.

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the positioning device.

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the diagram;

[0035] Figure 9 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0036] In the diagram: 1-Lower carrier plate, 2-Support rod, 3-Upper carrier plate, 4-Horizontal reinforcement plate, 5-Inclined support plate, 6-Hydraulic cylinder, 7-Moving plate, 8-Drive shaft, 801-Ventilation groove, 9-Gear I, 10-Motor, 11-Gear II, 12-Rotary joint, 13-Air guide pipe, 14-Drill rod, 141-Air guide groove, 142-Slot, 15-Sampling device, 151-Pipe body, 152-Pipe plug, 153-Limiting ring, 154-Piston Pipe, 1541-Sealing ring I, 155-Sealing plug, 156-Sampling shaft, 1561-Sealing ring II, 1562-Sampling groove, 157-Spring, 16-Drill bit, 17-Sealing sleeve, 18-Air pump, 19-Vacuum pump, 20-Gas guide pipe II, 21-Solenoid valve, 22-T-connector, 23-Limit rod, 24-Positioning device, 241-Positioning shaft, 242-Pedal, 243-U-shaped pull rod, 25-Placement plate, 26-Sealing ring III. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a soil sampling device includes a main frame, which includes a lower carrier plate 1. The lower carrier plate 1 has casters at its four corners for easy movement. Support rods 2 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the top of the lower carrier plate 1. An upper carrier plate 3 is fixedly connected to the top of each of the four support rods 2. Several equidistant transverse reinforcing plates 4 are provided on the left, right, and rear sides of the main frame. Each end of a transverse reinforcing plate 4 is fixedly connected to two support rods 2. An inclined support plate 5 is fixedly connected between every two transverse reinforcing plates 4. The transverse reinforcing plates 4 and the inclined support plates 5 improve the stability of the main frame.

[0040] Please see Figures 1-2 The main frame is equipped with a drilling power unit, which includes two hydraulic cylinders 6 fixedly mounted on the top of the upper carrier plate 3. The piston shafts of the two hydraulic cylinders 6 are fixedly connected to a moving plate 7. A transmission shaft 8 is movably mounted on the middle of the moving plate 7 through a bearing. A gear I 9 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the transmission shaft 8. A motor 10 is fixedly mounted on the moving plate 7 on one side of the transmission shaft 8. The output shaft of the motor 10 extends to the bottom of the moving plate 7 and is fixedly mounted with a gear II 11. The external teeth of the gear II 11 mesh with the external teeth of the gear I 9. A rotary joint 12 is fixedly mounted on the top of the transmission shaft 8. The top of the rotary joint 12 is connected to an air guide pipe 13. The output shaft driven by the motor 10 drives the gear II 11 to rotate, so that the gear II 11 drives the gear I 9 and the transmission shaft 8 to rotate as a whole. At the same time, the piston shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 6 drives the moving plate 7 and the transmission shaft 8 to move longitudinally as a whole. Air can be supplied or evacuated from the inside of the transmission shaft 8 through the air guide pipe 13.

[0041] Drill rod 14 is mounted at the bottom of drive shaft 8. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figures 3-6A number of sampling devices 15 are fixedly installed on the sampling device 15, with no fewer than two sampling devices 15. The sampling devices 15 are arranged longitudinally at equal intervals on the drill rod 14. A drill bit 16 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the drill rod 14. When sampling the soil, the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 16 are rotated by the drive shaft 8. The piston shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 6 drives the drive shaft 8, the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 16 to move downward, so that the drill bit 16 drives the drill rod 14 to drill into the soil. The length of the drill rod 14 and the position of the sampling device 15 on the drill rod 14 are used to control the sampling device 15 to reach the required soil sampling depth. The sampling device 15 on the drill rod 14 is used to sample the soil at that location. After sampling, the sampling device 15 is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction to leave the soil.

[0042] The drill rod 14 has an air guide groove 141 in the middle. The air guide groove 141 is connected to the air guide pipe 13 through the drive shaft 8 and the rotary joint 12. With the setting of the rotary joint 12, the air guide pipe 13 is connected to the air guide groove 141 without affecting the rotation of the drive shaft 8 driven by the gear II 11. The air guide groove 141 can be filled with air and pressurized or evacuated. The end of the air guide pipe 13 away from the rotary joint 12 is connected to an air filling and evacuation device.

[0043] The sampling device 15 includes a tube 151 fixedly fitted inside the drill rod 14. The central axis of the tube 151 is perpendicular to the central axis of the drill rod 14. Both ends of the tube 151 are provided with tube plugs 152. A limiting ring 153 is fixedly fitted in the middle of the inner cavity of the tube 151. Both the tube 151 and the limiting ring 153 are provided with through holes communicating with the air guide groove 141. When there are no less than two sampling devices 15 on the drill rod 14, the inner cavities of each sampling device 15 are connected through the air guide groove 141. The tube 151 is movably fitted with piston tubes 154 located on both sides of the limiting ring 153. The limiting ring 153 also limits the piston tubes 154 on both sides to prevent the piston tubes 154 from moving and blocking the through holes on the limiting ring 153. This affects the connectivity between the inner cavities of the various tubes 151 on the drill pipe 14. A sealing plug 155 is fixedly installed at one end of the piston tube 154 near the side of the limiting ring 153. A sampling shaft 156 is movably fitted inside the piston tube 154. Both the piston tube 154 and the sampling shaft 156 have T-shaped cross sections. A sealing ring I 1541 is provided on the protruding part of the piston tube 154 and is movably connected to the inner wall of the tube 151. A sealing ring II 1561 is provided on the protruding part of the sampling shaft 156 and is movably connected to the inner wall of the piston tube 154. A spring 157 is provided between one side of the protruding part of the sampling shaft 156 and the inner wall of the piston tube 154 away from the sealing plug 155. A sampling groove 1562 located inside the piston tube 154 is opened on one side of the sampling shaft 156.

[0044] When the drill rod 14 drives the sampling device 15 to the required sampling depth below the soil, only the drive shaft 8 is controlled to rotate the drill rod 14 horizontally in its original position. Simultaneously, the air guide pipe 13 pressurizes the air guide groove 141. Utilizing the elastic force of the spring 157, and the fact that the soil outside the sampling device 15 is loosened after the drill bit 16 passes through, the air pressure pushes the piston tube 154 to move to the outside of the drill rod 14 until one end of the piston tube 154 approaches the outer edge of the loose soil. With further pressurization, the sampling shaft 156 inside the piston tube 154 moves towards the outside of the piston tube 154, coordinating with the drill rod 14 to rotate the entire sampling device 15, allowing soil to enter the sampling groove 1562. Then, the rotation of the drill rod 14 is stopped, and negative pressure is drawn from the air guide groove 141 through the air guide pipe 13. Combined with the elastic force of the spring 157, this causes the piston tube 154 to move into the tube body 151, where the soil is sampled. The sampling shaft 156 moves into the piston tube 154 and rotates with the drill rod 14, causing the soil inside the sampling groove 1562 to be compressed into blocks when the soil is collected. This blocks are less likely to loosen when the sampling groove 1562 moves into the piston tube 154. The hydraulic cylinder 6 drives the piston shaft to move the moving plate 7, transmission shaft 8, and drill rod 14 to the ground. The sampling shaft 156 on the drill rod 14 can be pulled out, or the sampling shaft 156 can be moved to the outside of the piston tube 154 by air pressurization to remove the soil from the sampling groove 1562, thus completing the sampling. Compared with existing equipment, the direct drilling of the drill bit 16 increases the speed at which the drill rod 14 and sampling device 15 enter the soil layer, thereby improving the efficiency of soil sampling. Furthermore, the sampling device 15 on the drill rod 14 only samples the soil layer at the required depth, making it convenient to lift the drill rod 14 and sampling device 15 after sampling.

[0045] A sealing sleeve 17 is installed on the outer wall of the middle part of the tube body 151, and the outer wall of the sealing sleeve 17 is sealed and fitted with the inner wall of the drill rod 14. A through hole is also opened in the middle of the sealing sleeve 17 to connect the air guide groove 141 and the inner cavity of the tube body 151. The sealing sleeve 17 is used to ensure the sealing effect of the tube body 151 and the air guide groove 141, so as to avoid air leakage when the tube body 151 is filled or evacuated.

[0046] Please continue reading. Figures 1-2The inflation and deflation device includes an inflation pump 18 and a vacuum pump 19 fixedly mounted on the upper carrier plate 3. The outlet of the inflation pump 18 and the inlet of the vacuum pump 19 are respectively connected to air guide pipes II 20, and each air guide pipe II 20 is equipped with a solenoid valve 21. One end of each air guide pipe II 20 is connected to a three-way pipe 22, and one side of the three-way pipe 22 is connected to an air guide pipe 13. When it is necessary to inflate the air guide groove 141 and the inside of the pipe body 151, the solenoid valve 21 on the air guide pipe II 20 connected to the inflation pump 18 opens, and the air guide pipe connected to the vacuum pump 19... When the solenoid valve 21 on pipe II 20 is closed, the air pump 18 is started to pressurize the air guide groove 141. When it is necessary to evacuate the air guide groove 141 and the inside of the pipe body 151 so that the piston tube 154 can move into the inside of the pipe body 151, the solenoid valve 21 on the air guide pipe II 20 connected to the air pump 18 is closed, and the solenoid valve 21 on the air guide pipe II 20 connected to the vacuum pump 19 is closed. The air pump 18 is started to evacuate the inside of the air guide groove 141, and the piston tube 154 can move into the inside of the pipe body 151 by using negative pressure.

[0047] Four limiting rods 23 are fixedly installed between the lower carrier plate 1 and the upper carrier plate 3. All four limiting rods 23 are movably connected to the moving plate 7, and the four limiting rods 23 are symmetrical about the axis of the transmission shaft 8. The four limiting rods 23 limit the moving plate 7 to ensure that the moving plate 7 can move longitudinally stably.

[0048] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 7 Four positioning devices 24 are installed on the lower carrier plate 1, and the four positioning devices 24 are respectively close to the four support rods 2. The positioning device 24 includes a positioning shaft 241. The lower part of the positioning shaft 241 is a cone, which facilitates the insertion of the positioning shaft 241 into the ground. The middle part of the positioning shaft 241 is set as a threaded part that is threaded to the lower carrier plate 1, which makes it easy to move the bottom end of the positioning shaft 241 above the caster without affecting the movement of the main frame. The upper part of the positioning shaft 241 is a smooth shaft. The top of the positioning shaft 241 is fixedly connected to a pedal 242. A U-shaped pull rod 243 is fixedly installed on the top of the pedal 242. The U-shaped pull rod 243 makes it easy for the operator to rotate or lift the positioning shaft 241. When the threaded part of the positioning shaft 241 is rotated to the bottom of the lower carrier plate 1, the positioning shaft 241 can be further inserted into the soil by stepping on the pedal 242, which facilitates the effective fixation of the main frame when taking soil samples.

[0049] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figures 8-9The top of the drill rod 14 is provided with a slot 142 that communicates with the air guide groove 141. The bottom end of the drive shaft 8 is adapted to the slot 142, and the bottom end of the drive shaft 8 is fixed to the air guide groove 141 by two bolts. The outer side of the bottom end of the air vent 801 is provided with a sealing ring Ⅲ26 that seals against the inner wall of the slot 142. The middle part of the drive shaft 8 is provided with an air vent 801 that connects the rotary joint 12 and the air guide groove 141. The bottom end of the drill rod 14 has the same structure as the bottom end of the drive shaft 8, so that the two drill rods 14 can also be inserted and fixed by threaded pins, just like the drill rod 14 and the drive shaft 8. A placement plate 25 is fixedly installed on one side of the lower carrier plate 1 of the main frame, and at least one drill rod 14 is placed on the placement plate 25.

[0050] When deeper soil sampling is required, the first drill rod 14 is moved down a certain depth by the piston shaft driven by the hydraulic cylinder 6. Then, the pin between the first drill rod 14 and the drive shaft 8 is removed, allowing the drive shaft 8 to separate from the drill rod 14. The hydraulic cylinder 6 then drives the piston shaft to move the drive shaft 8 up, and the second drill rod 14 is taken out at the placement plate 25. It is then inserted into the first drill rod 14 and fixed with a threaded pin. Next, the drive shaft 8 is controlled to move down, so that the bottom end of the drive shaft 8 is inserted into the second drill rod 14 and fixed with a threaded pin. Then, the motor 10 is started to drive the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 16 to rotate. With the hydraulic cylinder 6 driving the piston shaft to push the drill rod 14 downward, drilling continues until the sampling device 15 on the drill rod 14 can be delivered to the required depth of soil for testing. This allows for sampling and testing of deeper soil layers with high sampling efficiency.

[0051] A through hole is provided in the middle of the lower carrier plate 1, and the inner diameter of the through hole is greater than the distance between the two sides of the drill bit 16, so as to ensure that the drill bit 16 can pass through the through hole in the middle of the lower carrier plate 1, and after the soil drilling and sampling is completed, the drill bit 16 can move above the lower carrier plate 1 without affecting the overall movement of the main frame.

[0052] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device, comprising a movable main frame, characterized in that, The main frame is equipped with a drilling power device. A drill rod (14) is provided at the bottom of the drilling power device. A drill bit (16) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the drill rod (14). An air guide groove (141) is provided on the drill rod (14). At least two longitudinally equidistant sampling devices (15) are installed on the drill pipe (14). The sampling device (15) includes a tube (151) fixedly installed inside the drill pipe (14). Two piston tubes (154) are movably fitted inside the tube (151). Sampling shafts (156) are movably fitted inside the two piston tubes (154). Sampling grooves (1562) located inside the piston tubes (154) are opened on the side of the sampling shafts (156). The drilling power unit drives the drill bit (16) and drill rod (14) to drill into the ground until the sampling device (15) is at the required sampling depth. The drill rod (14) is kept in place to drive the sampling device (15) to rotate horizontally. Air is introduced and pressurized through the air guide groove (141). The air pressure is used to push the piston tube (154) to move to the outside of the tube body (151). After one end of the piston tube (154) approaches the outer edge of the loose soil, the sampling shaft (156) moves to the outside. The outer side of the piston tube (154) is used in conjunction with the drill rod (14) to drive the sampling device (15) to rotate as a whole, so that the soil enters the sampling groove (1562). Then, a vacuum is drawn into the tube body (151) through the air guide groove (141). The negative pressure is used to move the piston tube (154) into the tube body (151), the sampling shaft (156) moves into the piston tube (154), and the drill rod (14) is controlled to move to the ground to take out the soil in the sampling groove (1562).

2. The soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the tube body (151) are provided with tube plugs (152), and a limiting ring sleeve (153) is fixedly fitted in the middle of the inner cavity of the tube body (151). Both the tube body (151) and the limiting ring sleeve (153) are provided with through holes that communicate with the air guide groove (141). Two piston tubes (154) are respectively located on both sides of the limiting ring sleeve (153).

3. A soil sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the piston tube (154) is fixedly fitted with a sealing plug (155) near the limiting ring (153). The cross-sections of the piston tube (154) and the sampling shaft (156) are both T-shaped. The protruding part of the piston tube (154) is provided with a sealing ring I (1541) that is movably connected to the inner wall of the tube body (151). The protruding part of the sampling shaft (156) is provided with a sealing ring II (1561) that is movably connected to the inner wall of the piston tube (154). A spring (157) is provided between one side of the protruding part of the sampling shaft (156) and the inner wall of the piston tube (154) away from the sealing plug (155).

4. A soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing sleeve (17) is installed on the outer wall of the middle part of the tube body (151), and the outer wall of the sealing sleeve (17) is sealed and fitted with the inner wall of the drill rod (14). A through hole is also provided in the middle part of the sealing sleeve (17) to connect the air guide groove (141) and the inner cavity of the tube body (151).

5. A soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame includes a lower carrier plate (1), and support rods (2) are fixedly connected to the four corners of the top of the lower carrier plate (1). The top of the four support rods (2) is fixedly connected to an upper carrier plate (3). Several horizontal reinforcing plates (4) are arranged at equal intervals on the left, right and rear sides of the main frame. The two ends of the horizontal reinforcing plates (4) are fixedly connected to two support rods (2) respectively. An inclined support plate (5) is fixedly connected between every two horizontal reinforcing plates (4). Four limiting rods (23) are fixedly installed between the lower carrier plate (1) and the upper carrier plate (3). The four limiting rods (23) are all movably connected to the moving plate (7), and the four limiting rods (23) are symmetrical about the axis of the transmission shaft (8).

6. A soil sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drilling power unit includes a hydraulic cylinder (6) fixedly installed on the top of the upper carrier plate (3). There are two hydraulic cylinders (6). The bottom ends of the piston shafts of the two hydraulic cylinders (6) are fixedly connected to a moving plate (7). The middle part of the moving plate (7) is fitted with a transmission shaft (8) through a bearing. Gear I (9) is fixedly installed on the outside of the transmission shaft (8). A motor (10) is fixedly installed on the moving plate (7) on one side of the transmission shaft (8). The output shaft of the motor (10) extends to the bottom of the moving plate (7) and is fixedly installed with gear II (11). The external teeth of gear II (11) mesh with the external teeth of gear I (9). A rotary joint (12) is fixedly installed at the top of the transmission shaft (8). A duct pipe (13) is connected to the top of the rotary joint (12). An air pumping device is connected to the end of the duct pipe (13) away from the rotary joint (12).

7. A soil sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inflation and deflation device includes an inflation pump (18) and a vacuum pump (19) fixedly installed on the upper carrier plate (3). The air outlet of the inflation pump (18) and the air inlet of the vacuum pump (19) are respectively connected to air guide pipes II (20), and solenoid valves (21) are respectively installed on the two air guide pipes II (20). One end of the two air guide pipes II (20) is connected to a three-way pipe (22), and one side of the three-way pipe (22) is connected to the air guide pipe (13).

8. A soil sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Four positioning devices (24) are installed on the lower carrier plate (1), and the four positioning devices (24) are respectively close to the four support rods (2). The positioning device (24) includes a positioning shaft (241). The lower part of the positioning shaft (241) is a cone. The middle part of the positioning shaft (241) is a threaded part that is threaded to the lower carrier plate (1). The upper part of the positioning shaft (241) is a smooth shaft. The top of the positioning shaft (241) is fixedly connected to a pedal (242). The top of the pedal (242) is fixedly installed with a U-shaped pull rod (243).

9. A soil sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the drill rod (14) is provided with a slot (142) that communicates with the air guide groove (141). The bottom end of the drive shaft (8) is adapted to the slot (142), and the bottom end of the drive shaft (8) is fixed to the air guide groove (141) by two bolts. The outer side of the bottom end of the air vent (801) is provided with a sealing ring III (26) that seals against the inner wall of the slot (142). The middle part of the drive shaft (8) is provided with an air vent (801) that connects the rotary joint (12) and the air guide groove (141). The bottom end of the drill rod (14) has the same structure as the bottom end of the drive shaft (8). A placement plate (25) is fixedly installed on one side of the lower carrier plate (1) of the main frame. At least one drill rod (14) is placed on the placement plate (25).

10. A soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower carrier plate (1) has a through hole in the middle, and the inner diameter of the through hole is greater than the distance between the two sides of the drill bit (16).

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