Adjustable blade layout device and rotary cultivator

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable blade layout device. The adjustable blade layout device comprises two symmetrical wallboards, a cutter shaft, an axial displacement mechanism, a cutter holder unit, a mounting disc and blades. The two ends of the cutter shaft are rotationally connected to the two wallboards through bearings. The axial displacement mechanisms are arranged on the cutter shaft at equal intervals; the tool apron unit is adjustably mounted on the tool shaft through the axial displacement mechanism; the installation disc is installed on the tool apron unit through a deflection mechanism, and the installation disc is driven by the deflection mechanism to swing left and right in the axis direction of the tool shaft. And a plurality of blades are mounted on the mounting disc in the circumferential direction. The axial distance between the tool apron unit and the blade on the tool shaft can be conveniently adjusted through the axial displacement mechanism; the axial deflection angle of the blade can be adjusted through the deflection mechanism. A user can quickly configure the optimal blade layout according to the requirements of soil conditions, crop residues, tillage depth and the like, and the adaptability and the operation effect of the rotary cultivator are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to an adjustable blade layout device and a rotary tiller. Background Technology

[0002] A rotary tiller is a type of tillage machinery that uses rotating blades to cut, break up, and mix soil. It is widely used in farmland tillage operations. The layout of the blades on the cutter shaft (including axial spacing, circumferential phase angle, and arrangement) directly affects the tillage effect, power consumption, soil breaking quality, vegetation coverage, and blade wear uniformity of the rotary tiller.

[0003] In existing technologies, blades are typically mounted on the cutter shaft in a fixed layout using welding or bolting. This fixed layout often fails to achieve optimal performance when dealing with different soil types (such as sandy soil and clay), varying moisture contents, different amounts of previous crop residue, and different tillage depth requirements. For example, in heavy clay soils, a larger blade cutting angle and a wider blade layout may be needed to reduce resistance; while in light soils or when fine soil breaking is required, a denser layout and a smaller cutting angle are necessary. Users typically need to prepare rotary tillers with different cutter shaft layouts for different operating conditions or perform cumbersome overall replacements, resulting in poor flexibility and increased operating costs.

[0004] Chinese patent CN120814374A discloses a hydraulic folding ditching and rotary tiller, in which the cutter disc is mounted on a cutter shaft, and several L-shaped blades are connected to the cutter disc. However, the position of the cutter disc is fixed and cannot be adjusted in the axial direction, thus the spacing between the cutter discs cannot be adjusted; nor can the deflection angle of the cutter disc be adjusted, thus the cutting angle of the blades cannot be adjusted. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an adjustable blade layout device and rotary tiller. This device can adjust the axial position and deflection angle of the blades on the blade shaft, thereby optimizing the adaptability of the rotary tiller to different working conditions and improving tillage quality and efficiency.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] An adjustable blade layout device includes two symmetrical wall plates, a blade shaft, an axial displacement mechanism, a blade holder unit, a mounting plate, and blades. The two ends of the blade shaft are rotatably connected to the two wall plates via bearings; the axial displacement mechanism is equidistantly disposed on the blade shaft; the blade holder unit is adjustablely mounted on the blade shaft via the axial displacement mechanism; the mounting plate is mounted on the blade holder unit via a deflection mechanism, which drives the mounting plate to swing left and right along the axial direction of the blade shaft; multiple blades are circumferentially mounted on the mounting plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the axial displacement mechanism includes first annular disks fixed to the cutter shaft and facing each other, multiple guide keys located between the two first annular disks and fixed to the outer wall of the cutter shaft, a lead screw rotatably connected to the two first annular disks via bearings, at least one guide rod connected between the two first annular disks, a nut seat threaded to the lead screw, and a first handle connected to one end of the lead screw. The axial displacement mechanism enables discrete axial positioning of the cutter holder unit.

[0009] Furthermore, the tool holder unit includes a sleeve, second annular discs fixed at both ends of the sleeve, and a screw fixedly connected between the two second annular discs. The inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a keyway that matches the guide key. The sleeve is slidably connected to the guide key through the keyway. The nut seat is fixed inside the sleeve. The outer periphery of the sleeve is provided with multiple guide holes that match the guide rod. The guide rod is slidably disposed in the corresponding guide hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the mounting plate has multiple slotted holes corresponding to the screw on its circumference. The screw is movably disposed within the corresponding slotted holes. Nuts are threaded onto the screw on both sides of the mounting plate. The diameter of the nuts is larger than the width of the slotted holes, so that tightening the nuts will press them firmly against the mounting plate. The mounting plate also has multiple first mounting holes on its circumference, and one end of the blade has a second mounting hole. The blade is fixed to the mounting plate by fastening bolts, the first mounting holes, and the second mounting holes. Loosening the nuts to separate them from the mounting plate allows the mounting plate to be pushed to the left or right of the cutter shaft. After adjusting the deflection angle of the mounting plate, tightening the nuts again will stabilize the cutter head.

[0011] Furthermore, the deflection mechanism includes adjusting bolts threaded onto two second annular discs. The two adjusting bolts are symmetrically arranged, and push blocks are connected to the opposite ends of the two adjusting bolts. The push blocks are located between the first annular disc and the mounting disc, and second handles are connected to the opposite ends of the two adjusting bolts. Tightening the second handle moves the adjusting bolts toward the mounting disc, which in turn pushes the mounting disc through the push blocks, thus deflecting the mounting disc. Once the desired angle is reached, the second handle on the other adjusting bolt is tightened, causing the push block on that adjusting bolt to press against the other side of the mounting disc. This clamps the mounting disc together through the two push blocks, further stabilizing it.

[0012] Furthermore, a lubrication system is installed on one of the wall panels. The lubrication system includes an oil tank installed on one of the wall panels, with an oil inlet at the top and an oil delivery pipe connected to the bottom. Bearing seat end caps are connected to the outer sides of both wall panels. The two ends of the cutter shaft are located inside the bearing seat end caps, and pagoda connectors are connected to the bearing seat end caps. The lower end of the oil delivery pipe is connected to the pagoda connectors. The lubricating oil in the oil tank enters the bearing seat end caps through the oil delivery pipe and wets the cutter shaft, serving both a cooling and lubrication function.

[0013] Furthermore, flanges are fixed at both ends of the cutter shaft, and circular soil-breaking shovels are connected to the flanges. The soil-breaking shovels can cut weeds at both ends of the soil, preventing weeds from getting tangled on the cutter shaft.

[0014] The present invention also provides a rotary tiller, including a frame, a power unit, a transmission unit, and the aforementioned adjustable blade layout device; the power unit drives the blade shaft to rotate through the transmission unit.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] The axial displacement mechanism allows for easy adjustment of the axial spacing between the blade holder unit and the blades on the blade shaft; the deflection mechanism allows for adjustment of the axial deflection angle of the mounting plate and its blades. Users can quickly configure the optimal blade layout according to soil conditions, crop residue, tillage depth, and other requirements, significantly improving the adaptability and working efficiency of the rotary tiller. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable blade layout device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view after the blade has been separated from the mounting plate;

[0020] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the tool holder unit, two second annular discs, the mounting disc, and the cutting blade.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder unit and the deflection mechanism;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary tiller of the present invention;

[0023] In the diagram: 1-wall panel, 2-cutter shaft, 3-axial displacement mechanism, 31-first annular disc, 32-guide key, 33-lead screw, 34-guide rod, 35-first handle, 4-cutter holder unit, 41-sleeve, 42-second annular disc, 43-screw, 44-keyway, 45-nut, 5-mounting disc, 51-strip hole, 52-first mounting hole, 6-deflection mechanism, 61-adjusting bolt, 62-push block, 63-second handle, 7-blade, 8-lubrication system, 81-oil tank, 82-oil pipe, 83-bearing seat end cover, 84-connector, 9-flange, 10-breaking shovel, 11-frame, 12-transmission device. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Please see Figures 1-5 An adjustable blade layout device includes two symmetrical wall plates 1, a blade shaft 2, an axial displacement mechanism 3, a blade holder unit 4, a mounting plate 5, a deflection mechanism 6, and blades 7. The two ends of the blade shaft 2 are rotatably connected to the two wall plates 1 via bearings.

[0027] The axial displacement mechanism 3 is equidistantly arranged on the cutter shaft 2. The axial displacement mechanism 3 includes a first annular disk 31 fixed on the cutter shaft 2 and opposite to each other, a plurality of guide keys 32 located between the two first annular disks 31 and fixed to the outer wall of the cutter shaft, a lead screw 33 rotatably connected to the two first annular disks via bearings, at least one guide rod 34 connected between the two first annular disks, a nut seat threaded to the lead screw, and a first handle 35 connected to one end of the lead screw.

[0028] The tool holder unit 4 includes a sleeve 41, second annular discs 42 fixed at both ends of the sleeve, and a screw 43 fixedly connected between the two second annular discs. The inner wall of the sleeve 41 is provided with a keyway 44 that matches the guide key 32. The sleeve 41 is slidably connected to the guide key 32 through the keyway 44. The nut seat is fixed inside the sleeve 41. The outer periphery of the sleeve 41 is provided with multiple guide holes that match the guide rods 34. The guide rods 34 are slidably disposed in the corresponding guide holes. Rotating the first handle 35 drives the lead screw 33 to rotate, which in turn drives the nut seat and the sleeve 41 to move linearly along the guide key 32 and the guide rods 34, thereby adjusting the position of the sleeve 41. In addition, the multiple guide rods 34 are slidably connected to the sleeve 41, which can guide the movement of the sleeve 41 and provide multi-directional support for the sleeve 41, thereby improving the stability of the sleeve 41.

[0029] The mounting plate 5 is mounted on the screw 43 of the tool holder unit 4 via a deflection mechanism 6. Specifically, the mounting plate 5 has multiple slotted holes 51 corresponding to the screw 43 circumferentially. The screw 43 is movably disposed within the corresponding slotted holes 51. Nuts 45 are threaded onto the screw 43 on both sides of the mounting plate. The diameter of the nuts 45 is larger than the width of the slotted holes 51, so that tightening the nuts 45 will press them firmly against the mounting plate 5. The mounting plate 5 also has multiple first mounting holes 52 on its periphery. One end of the blade 7 has a second mounting hole. The blade 7 is fixed to the mounting plate 5 by fastening bolts and the cooperation of the first mounting holes 52 and the second mounting holes. The blade 7 is L-shaped, and adjacent blades 7 are arranged in opposite directions.

[0030] The deflection mechanism 6 includes adjusting bolts 61 threaded onto two second annular discs 42. The two adjusting bolts 61 are symmetrically arranged, and push blocks 62 are connected to the opposite ends of the two adjusting bolts 61. The push blocks 62 are located between the first annular disc 31 and the mounting disc 5. Second handles 63 are connected to the opposite ends of the two adjusting bolts 61. The deflection mechanism 6 drives the mounting disc 5 to swing left and right along the axis of the cutter shaft 2, thereby adjusting the deflection angle of the mounting disc and ultimately adjusting the cutting angle of the blade.

[0031] In addition, flanges 9 are fixed at both ends of the cutter shaft 2, and circular soil-breaking shovels 10 are connected to the flanges 9. The soil-breaking shovels can cut the weeds at both ends of the soil and prevent the weeds from getting tangled on the cutter shaft.

[0032] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0033] Rotating the first handle 35 causes the lead screw 33 to rotate, which in turn causes the nut seat and sleeve 41 to move linearly along the guide key 32 and guide rod 34, thereby adjusting the position of the sleeve 41 and ultimately adjusting the position of the mounting plate 5 and the blade 7 on it to adapt to different soil conditions.

[0034] Loosen nut 45 to separate it from mounting plate 5. Then, turn the second handle 63 on one side to move adjusting bolt 61 towards the mounting plate. Pushing the mounting plate 5 via push block 62 will cause the strip hole 51 on the mounting plate 5 to deflect left or right along the screw 43 on the cutter shaft 2, thereby adjusting the angle of the mounting plate 5 and its blade 7, ultimately adjusting the cutting angle. After deflecting to the desired angle, tighten both nuts 45 so that they are tightly against the mounting plate 5. Then, turn the second handle 63 on the other adjusting bolt 61 to press the push block 62 on the other side of the mounting plate 5, thus clamping the mounting plate 5 with the two push blocks 62. In other words, the combined action of the two nuts 45 and the two push blocks 62 keeps the mounting plate 5 stable.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, a lubrication system 8 is installed on one of the wall panels 1. The lubrication system 8 includes an oil tank 81 installed on one of the wall panels 1. The top of the oil tank 81 has an oil inlet, and the lower part of the oil tank 81 is connected to an oil supply pipe 82. Bearing seat end caps 83 are connected to the outer sides of both wall panels 1. The two ends of the cutter shaft 2 are located inside the bearing seat end caps 83. A connector 84 is connected to the bearing seat end cap 83, and the lower end of the oil supply pipe 82 is connected to the connector 84. The lubricating oil in the oil tank 81 enters the bearing seat end cap 83 through the oil supply pipe 82 and wets the cutter shaft 2, which can cool it down and lubricate it.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] A rotary tiller, such as Figure 6 As shown, the device includes a frame 11, a power unit, a transmission unit 12, and the aforementioned adjustable blade layout device; the power unit drives the blade shaft 2 to rotate via the transmission unit 12. Its tillage performance can be significantly optimized by adjusting the blade layout.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adjustable blade layout device, characterized in that, include: Symmetrical two wall panels (1); The cutter shaft (2) is rotatably connected to the two wall plates (1) by bearings at both ends; Several axial displacement mechanisms (3) are equidistantly arranged on the cutter shaft (2); The tool holder unit (4) is mounted on the tool shaft (2) in an adjustable position via the axial displacement mechanism (3); The mounting plate (5) is mounted on the tool holder unit (4) by a deflection mechanism (6), and the mounting plate (5) is driven to swing left and right along the axis of the tool shaft (2) by the deflection mechanism (6). Multiple blades (7) are circumferentially mounted on the mounting plate (5).

2. The adjustable blade layout device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial displacement mechanism (3) includes a first annular disk (31) fixed on the cutter shaft and opposite to it, a plurality of guide keys (32) located between the two first annular disks (31) and fixed to the outer wall of the cutter shaft, a lead screw (33) rotatably connected to the two first annular disks via bearings, at least one guide rod (34) connected between the two first annular disks, a nut seat threaded to the lead screw, and a first handle (35) connected to one end of the lead screw.

3. The adjustable blade layout device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tool holder unit (4) includes a sleeve (41), a second annular disk (42) fixed at both ends of the sleeve, and a screw (43) fixedly connected between the two second annular disks. The inner wall of the sleeve (41) is provided with a keyway (44) that matches the guide key. The sleeve (41) is slidably connected to the guide key (32) through the keyway (44). The nut seat is fixed inside the sleeve (41). The outer periphery of the sleeve (41) is provided with multiple guide holes that match the guide rod. The guide rod (34) is slidably disposed in the corresponding guide hole.

4. The adjustable blade layout device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting plate (5) has multiple slotted holes (51) corresponding to the screw (43) around its periphery. The screw (43) is movably disposed in the corresponding slotted holes (51). Nuts (45) are threadedly connected to the screw (43) on both sides of the mounting plate. The diameter of the nuts (45) is larger than the width of the slotted holes (51) so that after tightening the nuts (45), they can be pressed tightly onto the mounting plate (5). The mounting plate (5) also has multiple first mounting holes (52) around its periphery. One end of the blade (7) has a second mounting hole. The blade (7) is fixed on the mounting plate (5) by the cooperation of the fastening bolt, the first mounting holes (52) and the second mounting holes.

5. An adjustable blade layout device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The deflection mechanism (6) includes adjusting bolts (61) threaded onto two second annular discs (42). The two adjusting bolts (61) are symmetrically arranged, and push blocks (62) are connected to the opposite ends of the two adjusting bolts (61). The push blocks (62) are located between the first annular disc (31) and the mounting disc (5). Second handles (63) are connected to the opposite ends of the two adjusting bolts (61).

6. An adjustable blade layout device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lubrication system (8) is installed on one of the wall panels (1). The lubrication system (8) includes an oil tank (81) installed on one of the wall panels (1). The top of the oil tank (81) is provided with an oil inlet. The lower part of the oil tank (81) is connected to an oil delivery pipe (82). Both of the wall panels (1) are connected to bearing seat end caps (83). The two ends of the cutter shaft (2) are located inside the bearing seat end caps (83). A connector (84) is connected to the bearing seat end caps (83). The lower end of the oil delivery pipe (82) is connected to the connector (84).

7. An adjustable blade layout device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cutter shaft (2) is fixed with flanges (9) at both ends, and a circular shovel (10) is connected to the flanges (9).

8. A rotary tiller, characterized in that: It includes a frame (11), a power unit, a transmission unit (12), and an adjustable blade layout device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; the power unit drives the blade shaft (2) to rotate via the transmission unit (12).

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