Hexagonal full-face heading machine

Abstract

The hexagonal full-face tunneling machine comprises a shield body, a main cutter head and auxiliary cutter heads are arranged in the tunneling front of the shield body, the main cutter head is arranged to be an equidistant pentagonal cutter head, the auxiliary cutter heads comprise two reuleaux triangle cutter heads which are arranged side by side, and the auxiliary cutter heads are arranged between the main cutter head and a front shield; the common cutting contour of the main cutter head and the auxiliary cutter head is a hexagonal full section, the cutting contour of the upper half part of the hexagonal full section is controlled by the main cutter head, and the cutting contour of the lower half part of the hexagonal full section is controlled by the auxiliary cutter head; and a main eccentric driving mechanism for controlling the main cutter head to rotate and an auxiliary eccentric driving mechanism for controlling the auxiliary cutter head to rotate are arranged in the front shield. Through cooperation of the main cutter head and the auxiliary cutter head, hexagonal full-section tunneling is achieved, full-section tunneling can be achieved under various geological conditions, the high space utilization rate and the good mechanical structure performance can be taken into account, complex supports do not need to be additionally arranged, and special duct pieces which are similar to horseshoe-shaped sections and need to be used are not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring equipment technology, and in particular to a hexagonal full-face tunnel boring machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, shield tunneling is widely used in tunnel excavation due to its minimal disturbance to the strata and low environmental impact. While circular cross-section shield tunneling machines (TBMs) are very mature, they suffer from low space utilization, and not all projects or geological conditions require circular tunnels. In strata with low lateral pressure coefficients, the structural advantages of circular tunnels are difficult to fully realize.

[0003] To address the adaptability issues of circular cross-sections, various tunneling technologies have been developed both domestically and internationally for irregular cross-sections such as rectangular and horseshoe-shaped sections. However, these technologies have significant shortcomings. Rectangular cross-sections experience complex stresses, placing higher demands on support structures and increasing costs. Existing horseshoe-shaped cross-sections cannot achieve full-face cutting due to the persistent presence of blind zones. While some irregularly shaped cutterheads can achieve full-face cutting, their eccentric oscillation of some cutters results in lower tunneling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a hexagonal full-face tunneling machine, including a shield body, wherein the shield body includes a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield connected in sequence, and a cutterhead assembly is provided on the front shield; The cutter head assembly includes a main cutter head and a secondary cutter head. The main cutter head is configured as an equidistant pentagonal cutter head, and the secondary cutter head includes two Reuleaux triangular cutter heads arranged side by side. The secondary cutter head is disposed between the main cutter head and the front shield. The common cutting profile of the main cutter head and the auxiliary cutter head is a hexagonal full-section, and the upper half of the cutting profile of the hexagonal full-section is controlled by the main cutter head, while the lower half of the cutting profile of the hexagonal full-section is controlled by the auxiliary cutter head. The front shield is equipped with a main eccentric drive mechanism for controlling the rotation of the main cutter head and a secondary eccentric drive mechanism for controlling the rotation of the secondary cutter head; through revolution around the center of the corresponding eccentric drive mechanism and its own rotation, the cutter head assembly forms a hexagonal full-section cutting profile.

[0006] This invention achieves hexagonal full-face tunneling by setting up a main cutterhead and a secondary cutterhead to work together. It can not only achieve full-face tunneling under various geological conditions, but also take into account high space utilization and good mechanical structural performance. It does not require additional complex support and does not require the use of special special segments like horseshoe-shaped cross sections, effectively reducing costs.

[0007] Optionally, the main cutter disc includes a cutter disc panel, which is a pentagon of equal width, and is provided with a first scraper, a first leading cutter, and a central fishtail cutter.

[0008] Furthermore, driven by the main eccentric drive mechanism, the cutting profile of the main cutter head is a regular hexagon through its revolution around the center of the main eccentric drive mechanism and its own rotation.

[0009] Furthermore, each Reuleaux triangle cutterhead of the secondary cutterhead includes cutterhead spokes, the outer contour of which is a Reuleaux triangle, and a second scraper and a second advance cutter are provided on the cutterhead spokes.

[0010] Furthermore, driven by the secondary eccentric drive mechanism, through its revolution around the center of the secondary eccentric drive mechanism and its own rotation, the cutting profile of each Reuleaux triangle cutter head in the secondary cutter head is a square.

[0011] Furthermore, the two square cutting widths corresponding to the secondary cutter head are the same as the maximum cutting width of the regular hexagon corresponding to the main cutter head; the height difference between the orbital center of the secondary cutter head and the orbital center of the main cutter head is 0.23 to 0.33 times the height of the main cutter head itself.

[0012] Furthermore, a cutter head modifier channel is provided between the front shield and the main cutter head.

[0013] Furthermore, the central shield is equipped with a hinged steering system and a propulsion system.

[0014] Furthermore, a spiral conveyor is installed inside the shield body, penetrating the front shield, middle shield, and tail shield, and a belt conveyor is installed inside the tail shield at the outlet position corresponding to the spiral conveyor.

[0015] Furthermore, the tail shield is equipped with a double-headed tube assembly machine and a segment hoist.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of a hexagonal full-face tunneling machine according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hexagonal full-section cutting profile of a hexagonal full-section tunneling machine according to the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the main cutterhead structure and cutting profile of a hexagonal full-face tunneling machine according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary cutterhead structure and the cutting profile of the main cutterhead of a hexagonal full-face tunneling machine according to the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Shield body; 101. Front shield; 102. Middle shield; 103. Tail shield; 2. Main cutterhead; 201. Cutterhead panel; 202. First scraper; 203. First leading cutter; 204. Central fishtail cutter; 205. Main cutterhead cutting profile; 3. Secondary cutterhead; 301. Cutterhead spokes; 302. Second scraper; 303. Second leading cutter; 304. Reuleaux triangle cutterhead cutting profile; 4. Personnel compartment; 5. Main eccentric drive mechanism; 6. Secondary eccentric drive mechanism; 7. Cutterhead modifier channel; 8. Articulated directional system; 9. Propulsion system; 10. Screw conveyor; 11. Double-headed segment assembler; 12. Segment crane; 13. Belt conveyor; 14. Assembled segments. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] This invention proposes a hexagonal full-face tunneling machine, as described below. Figures 1 to 4 Please provide a detailed explanation.

[0021] A hexagonal full-face tunneling machine includes a shield body, which includes a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield connected in sequence. The shell radii of the front shield, the middle shield and the tail shield gradually decrease along the tunneling direction and are spindle-shaped. A cutterhead assembly is installed on the front shield. The cutter head assembly includes a main cutter head and a secondary cutter head. The main cutter head is set as an equidistant pentagonal cutter head, with each side of the cutter head being an arc with the same curvature. The secondary cutter head includes two Reuleaux triangle cutter heads arranged side by side, and the secondary cutter head is positioned between the main cutter head and the front shield. The common cutting profile of the main cutter head and the secondary cutter head is a hexagonal full section. The cutting profile of the hexagonal full section includes half of the upper part of the regular hexagonal profile and the lower part of the rectangular profile. The upper part of the cutting profile of the hexagonal full section is controlled by the main cutter head, and the lower part of the cutting profile of the hexagonal full section is controlled by the secondary cutter head. The front shield houses a main eccentric drive mechanism for controlling the rotation of the main cutter head and a secondary eccentric drive mechanism for controlling the rotation of the secondary cutter head. The axes of the main and secondary eccentric drive mechanisms are parallel. The eccentric drive mechanisms drive the cutter head to rotate eccentrically via universal joints, a relatively mature existing technology that will not be elaborated upon here. Through revolution around the center of the corresponding eccentric drive mechanism and their own rotation, the main and secondary cutter heads in the cutter head assembly together form a hexagonal full-section cutting profile.

[0022] This invention achieves hexagonal full-face tunneling through the cooperation of a main cutterhead and a secondary cutterhead. This not only enables full-face tunneling under various geological conditions but also ensures high space utilization and good mechanical structural performance. It eliminates the need for complex additional support systems and avoids the need for special segments required for horseshoe-shaped cross-sections, effectively reducing costs. Specifically: (1) Compared with commonly used circular cross-section tunneling machines, the space utilization rate can be increased by about 20%.

[0023] (2) Compared with rectangular section tunneling machines, the structure has better stress performance and the support method is simpler, which effectively reduces the engineering cost.

[0024] (3) Compared with the current horseshoe-shaped tunnel boring machine, it can achieve full-face tunneling while ensuring high tunneling efficiency, and does not require special segment support.

[0025] In some embodiments, the main cutter head includes a cutter head panel, which is a pentagon of equal width, and a first scraper, a first advance cutter, and a central fishtail cutter are disposed on the cutter head panel. Hexagonal cutting is achieved by the first scraper, the first advance cutter, and the central fishtail cutter; driven by the main eccentric drive mechanism, the main cutter head cuts a regular hexagon by revolving around the center of the main eccentric drive mechanism and rotating on its own axis.

[0026] In some embodiments, each Reuleaux triangle cutter head of the secondary cutter head includes cutter head spokes, the outer contour of which is a Reuleaux triangle, and a second scraper and a second advance cutter are provided on the cutter head spokes. The second scraper and the second advance cutter achieve square cutting. Driven by the secondary eccentric drive mechanism, through the revolution around the center of the secondary eccentric drive mechanism and its own rotation, the cutting contour of each Reuleaux triangle cutter head in the secondary cutter head is square.

[0027] In some embodiments, in order to ensure that the main cutterhead and the auxiliary cutterhead can complete the cutting and excavation of the full hexagonal cross section, the cutting width of the two squares corresponding to the auxiliary cutterhead is the same as the maximum cutting width of the regular hexagon corresponding to the main cutterhead, and the height range between the orbital center of the auxiliary cutterhead and the orbital center of the main cutterhead is 0.23 to 0.33 times the height of the main cutterhead itself. The height of the main cutterhead itself is the height distance between the vertex of the equidistant pentagonal cutterhead and the corresponding bottom edge.

[0028] Among them, the arrangement of the main and auxiliary cutter heads corresponding to 0.23 times is that the lower cutting profile of the auxiliary cutter head coincides with the lower cutting profile of the main cutter head; the arrangement of the main and auxiliary cutter heads corresponding to 0.33 times is that the lower cutting profile of the auxiliary cutter head is lower than the lower cutting profile of the main cutter head.

[0029] In some embodiments, a cutter head modifier channel is provided between the front shield and the main cutter head. The cutter head modifier channel is connected to the modifier injection device rotary joint by an L-shaped beam.

[0030] In some embodiments, the middle shield is provided with a hinged steering system for adjusting the direction of the tunnel boring machine (TBM) and a propulsion system for providing propulsion reaction force to the TBM. The propulsion system is evenly distributed inside the middle shield, with one end connected to the shield body and the other end supported on the pre-assembled segments in the tail shield, thereby providing propulsion reaction force to the TBM.

[0031] In some embodiments, a spiral conveyor is provided inside the shield body, penetrating the front shield, middle shield, and tail shield. There are two spiral conveyors, which are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the front shield. The outlet ends of the two spiral conveyors pass through the segment assembly machine and converge at the rear of the tail shield. A belt conveyor is provided inside the tail shield at the outlet position corresponding to the spiral conveyor.

[0032] In some embodiments, a double-headed tube assembly machine and a segment crane are installed inside the tail shield to assemble the segments when the main machine is tunneling in shield machine mode; the assembled segments are installed on the inner wall of the tunnel behind the tail shield.

[0033] In some embodiments, to ensure sealing performance during the tunnel boring machine's (TBM) advancement, three wire mesh tail shield brushes are installed on the inner wall of the tail shield, with tail shield grease filling the spaces between the brushes to seal the mud. During TBM advancement, the sealing performance is maintained by continuously replenishing the sealing grease and replacing the tail shield brushes.

[0034] In some embodiments, a manned cabin is provided at the central shield position. The manned cabin is located behind the maintenance door of the excavation chamber partition of the tunnel boring machine, so that personnel can enter and exit the excavation chamber for maintenance.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hexagonal full-face tunneling machine, characterized in that, The shield body includes a front shield, a middle shield, and a tail shield connected in sequence, and a cutterhead assembly is mounted on the front shield. The cutter head assembly includes a main cutter head and a secondary cutter head. The main cutter head is configured as an equidistant pentagonal cutter head, and the secondary cutter head includes two Reuleaux triangular cutter heads arranged side by side. The secondary cutter head is disposed between the main cutter head and the front shield. The common cutting profile of the main cutter head and the auxiliary cutter head is a hexagonal full-section, and the upper half of the cutting profile of the hexagonal full-section is controlled by the main cutter head, while the lower half of the cutting profile of the hexagonal full-section is controlled by the auxiliary cutter head. The front shield is equipped with a main eccentric drive mechanism for controlling the rotation of the main cutter head and a secondary eccentric drive mechanism for controlling the rotation of the secondary cutter head; through revolution around the center of the corresponding eccentric drive mechanism and its own rotation, the cutter head assembly forms a hexagonal full-section cutting profile.

2. The hexagonal full-face tunneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main cutter disc includes a cutter disc panel, which is a pentagon of equal width, and is provided with a first scraper, a first leading cutter, and a central fishtail cutter.

3. A hexagonal full-face tunneling machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Driven by the main eccentric drive mechanism, the cutting profile of the main cutter head is a regular hexagon through its revolution around the center of the main eccentric drive mechanism and its own rotation.

4. A hexagonal full-face tunneling machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Each Reuleaux triangle cutterhead of the secondary cutterhead includes cutterhead spokes, the outer contour of which is a Reuleaux triangle, and a second scraper and a second advance cutter are provided on the cutterhead spokes.

5. A hexagonal full-face tunneling machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Driven by the secondary eccentric drive mechanism, each Reuleaux triangle cutter head in the secondary cutter head has a square cutting profile through its revolution around the center of the secondary eccentric drive mechanism and its own rotation.

6. A hexagonal full-face tunneling machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The two square cutting widths corresponding to the secondary cutter head are the same as the maximum cutting width of the regular hexagon corresponding to the main cutter head; the height difference between the orbital center of the secondary cutter head and the orbital center of the main cutter head is 0.23 to 0.33 times the height of the main cutter head itself.

7. A hexagonal full-face tunneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A cutter head modifier channel is provided between the front shield and the main cutter head.

8. A hexagonal full-face tunneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The central shield is equipped with a hinged steering system and a propulsion system.

9. A hexagonal full-face tunneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shield body is equipped with a spiral conveyor that runs through the front shield, middle shield and tail shield, and a belt conveyor is installed in the tail shield at the outlet position corresponding to the spiral conveyor.

10. A hexagonal full-face tunneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tail shield is equipped with a double-headed tube assembly machine and a segment hoist.

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