Device for precisely dicing and transplanting rice seedlings with soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for precisely dicing and transplanting rice seedlings with soil, and particularly relates to the field of agricultural planting.The device comprises a machine body, a feeding and dicing mechanism is arranged on the machine body, the feeding and dicing mechanism comprises a rack arranged on the machine body, and a longitudinal feeding assembly and a transverse feeding assembly are arranged on the rack; the longitudinal feeding assembly is used for longitudinally conveying seedling trays; a transverse cutting assembly and a longitudinal cutting assembly are further arranged on the rack, the transverse cutting assembly is used for cutting the seedling tray into a plurality of strip-shaped seedling strips in the transverse direction, the transverse feeding assembly is used for transversely conveying the strip-shaped seedling strips, and the longitudinal cutting assembly is used for longitudinally cutting the strip-shaped seedling strips into a plurality of single-plant seedlings. By arranging the feeding and dicing mechanism, the seedling tray is cut step by step, the impact force is small, the vibration is slight, the cutting action is continuous, the interference to adjacent non-cut areas is extremely small in the cutting process, large-area pulling and vibration damage to root systems is avoided, and the damage to seedlings during cutting is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, and more specifically, to a device for the precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached. Background Technology

[0002] Mechanized rice transplanting is a high-yield and stable-yield planting method. First, rice seedlings are cultivated in seedling trays, then removed from the trays and transplanted into the field by machine. Machine transplanting and machine broadcasting are the two main methods of mechanized rice transplanting. Machine transplanting uses mat-shaped seedlings in ordinary plastic flat trays, where the roots are intertwined. The seedling claws can severely tear and damage the roots during harvesting, and the planting depth is greater, resulting in a 5-7 day recovery period after transplanting, thus prolonging the rice growth cycle. Machine broadcasting is a high-yield and high-quality cultivation technique, characterized by less planting damage, shallower planting depth, faster recovery, earlier tillering, and stable high yields. Machine broadcasting uses potted seedlings. These seedlings grow separately in the holes of the plastic seedling trays and need to be removed from the holes by a seedling-retrieving mechanism before being broadcast. Seedling collection mechanisms are mainly divided into top-out type and pull-out type. Top-out type seedling collection uses a top rod mechanism to push the seedling out and then into the seedling delivery mechanism. It involves many seedling collection steps, is cumbersome, has low reliability, high requirements for seedling cultivation, and is prone to damaging the seedling root system and soil structure. Pull-out type seedling collection uses a rotating mechanism to pull out the seedling and then into the seedling delivery mechanism. The rotating mechanism is complex, has low reliability, and is prone to damaging the seedling root and stem, which is not conducive to the later survival and recovery of seedlings.

[0003] However, the current method of transplanting rice seedlings into blocks is usually done using agricultural machinery. The entire seedling tray is moved to the work station and fixed with clamps or vacuum suction around it. Then, a set of cutting blades (usually a grid of multiple blades) presses down at once to cut the entire tray of seedlings into individual cubic blocks. During the cutting process, the grid of multiple blades generates a huge impact force when cutting into the soil and dense root system at the same time, causing the entire tray to vibrate violently. The vibration loosens the bond between the roots and the soil, causing some fibrous roots to be torn off or detached from the soil block. At the same time, due to differences in soil resistance, the actual cutting time of the blades is slightly different, and the soil and roots between adjacent blades are subjected to lateral pulling, further aggravating root damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a device for the precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached. The problem it aims to solve is that existing agricultural machinery involves moving the entire seedling tray to the work station and fixing it with clamps or vacuum suction around the edges. Then, a set of cutting blades presses down at once to cut the entire tray of seedlings into independent cubic pieces. During the cutting process, the grid blades composed of multiple blades generate a huge impact force when cutting into the soil and dense root system at the same time, causing the entire tray to vibrate violently. The vibration loosens the bond between the roots and the soil, causing some fibrous roots to be torn off or detached from the soil. At the same time, due to differences in soil resistance, the actual cutting time of the blades is slightly different, and the soil and roots between adjacent blades are subjected to lateral pulling, further aggravating root damage.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached, comprising: a machine body, a feeding and cutting mechanism provided on the machine body, the feeding and cutting mechanism including a frame provided on the machine body, a longitudinal feeding component and a transverse feeding component provided on the frame, the longitudinal feeding component being used for longitudinally conveying the seedling trays; The frame is also equipped with a transverse cutting component and a longitudinal cutting component. The transverse cutting component is used to cut the seedling tray into multiple strips of seedlings in the transverse direction. The transverse feeding component is used to transport the strips of seedlings in the transverse direction. The longitudinal cutting component is used to cut the strips of seedlings into multiple individual seedlings in the longitudinal direction. The frame is also equipped with a planter, which is used to receive individual seedlings and guide them for planting.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, both the longitudinal feeding assembly and the transverse feeding assembly are belt conveyors, with the transverse feeding assembly located at the discharge end of the longitudinal feeding assembly and the transverse cutting assembly positioned between the longitudinal feeding assembly and the transverse feeding assembly.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the transverse cutting assembly includes a cutter that can move laterally in a straight line. The cutter is used to cut the seedling tray into strips of seedlings by moving in a straight line when the seedling tray is simultaneously on the longitudinal feeding assembly and the transverse feeding assembly. The frame is provided with a through groove, and the cutter is located in the through groove.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the transverse cutting assembly further includes a linear drive assembly 1 mounted on the frame. The linear drive assembly 1 includes a threaded rod that can be actively rotated. A movable seat is slidably mounted on the bottom of the frame. The movable seat is threadedly connected to the threaded rod. A cutter 1 is fixedly mounted on the movable seat, and a stop block is mounted on the top of the cutter 1. The height of the stop block is higher than the height of the seedling tray.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal cutting assembly includes a linear drive assembly two mounted on a frame, and a cutter two is mounted on the output end of the linear drive assembly two. The linear drive assembly two cuts the seedlings by driving the cutter two to move linearly.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the frame is tilted as a whole, and the feed end of the planter is perpendicular to the frame, while the discharge end of the planter is perpendicular to the ground.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the discharge end of the planter is further provided with a planting guide mechanism, which includes a slidably disposed planting cylinder. Inside the planting cylinder, there is a seedling support guide component and a guide component. The seedling support guide component is used to guide and straighten the seedlings, and the guide component is used to guide the mud into the planting cylinder.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the seedling support guide component is a flexible seedling support guide wing, and the flow guiding component is a flow guiding hole. Both the flexible seedling support guide wing and the flow guiding hole include multiple ones, and the multiple flexible seedling support guide wing and the multiple flow guiding holes are arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the planting cylinder.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the frame is also provided with a lifting and adjusting mechanism, which drives the planting cylinder to move vertically in a straight line, inserting or pulling the planting cylinder into or out of the mud.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the lifting adjustment mechanism includes a rotating disk rotatably mounted on the frame, a guide shaft fixedly mounted on the rotating disk, a lifting frame fixedly mounted on the planting cylinder, the lifting frame being movably sleeved on the guide shaft, and the planting cylinder being vertically slidably mounted in the fixed seat.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention, by setting up a feeding and cutting mechanism, cuts the seedling tray in stages. The impact force and vibration during the cutting process are small, and the cutting action is continuous, with minimal interference to the adjacent uncut areas. This avoids large-area pulling and vibration damage to the root system and reduces damage to the seedlings during cutting.

[0016] This invention, by setting up a planting guide mechanism, guides and adjusts individual seedlings to an upright position under the joint guidance and constraint of multiple flexible seedling guide wings before planting. Furthermore, by setting up multiple guide holes, it avoids the problem of a cavity forming above the seedling when the planting cylinder is pulled out of the mud, which would cause external mud to rush in at high speed from the lower opening of the planting cylinder, forming an upward jet that impacts the back of the seedling and causes the seedling to tilt. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding and cutting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of section A; Figure 4 This is a side cross-sectional view of the feeding and cutting mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section B; Figure 6 This is a side cross-sectional view of the feeding and cutting mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the planting and diversion mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the planting tube of the present invention.

[0018] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Machine body; 2. Feeding and cutting mechanism; 21. Frame; 211. Through slot; 22. Longitudinal feeding assembly; 23. Transverse feeding assembly; 24. Transverse cutting assembly; 241. Cutter 1; 2411. Stop block; 242. Linear drive assembly 1; 2421. Threaded rod; 2422. Moving seat; 25. Longitudinal cutting assembly; 251. Linear drive assembly 2; 252. Cutter 2; 3. Planter; 4. Planting and guiding mechanism; 41. Fixed seat; 42. Planting cylinder; 421. Flexible seedling guide wing; 422. Guide hole; 43. Lifting and adjusting mechanism; 431. Rotating disk; 432. Guide shaft; 433. Lifting frame. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0020] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 1 , Figure 2 A device for precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached includes: a body 1, a feeding and cutting mechanism 2 on the body 1, the feeding and cutting mechanism 2 including a frame 21 on the body 1, a longitudinal feeding component 22 and a transverse feeding component 23 on the frame 21, the longitudinal feeding component 22 being used for longitudinally conveying seedling trays. Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 3The frame 21 is also equipped with a transverse cutting component 24 and a longitudinal cutting component 25. The transverse cutting component 24 is used to cut the seedling tray into multiple strips of seedlings in the transverse direction. The transverse feeding component 23 is used to transport the strips of seedlings in the transverse direction. The longitudinal cutting component 25 is used to cut the strips of seedlings into multiple individual seedlings in the longitudinal direction. The frame 21 is also equipped with a planter 3, which is used to receive individual seedlings and guide them for planting.

[0021] It should be noted that both the longitudinal feeding assembly 22 and the transverse feeding assembly 23 are belt conveyor mechanisms, which use a motor to drive the conveyor belt to transport the seedling trays. The transverse feeding assembly 23 is located at the discharge end of the longitudinal feeding assembly 22. The transverse cutting assembly 24 is located between the longitudinal feeding assembly 22 and the transverse feeding assembly 23. The transverse cutting assembly 24 includes a cutter 241 that can move laterally in a straight line. The cutter 241 is used to cut the seedling tray into strips of seedlings by moving in a straight line when the seedling tray is simultaneously on both the longitudinal feeding assembly 22 and the transverse feeding assembly 23. The frame 21 has a through groove 211, and the cutter 241 is located in the through groove 211. The longitudinal cutting assembly 25 includes a linear drive assembly 251 installed on the frame 21. The output end of the linear drive assembly 251 is equipped with a cutter 252. The linear drive assembly 251 cuts the seedling strips by driving the cutter 252 in a straight line.

[0022] It should also be noted that a seedling tray refers to a standardized rigid or semi-rigid container used for the factory cultivation of rice seedlings. The tray has a regularly arranged matrix of holes, with each hole used to cultivate one seedling with soil. The seedling tray is biodegradable and can be decomposed into water, carbon dioxide and inorganic matter by microorganisms in the natural environment. When transplanting, there is no need to remove the seedlings separately; they can be planted in the field together with the seedlings and soil, and then naturally degrade in the soil.

[0023] In this embodiment, the specific implementation scenario is as follows: First, the seedling tray is placed on the longitudinal feeding component 22, and the seedling tray is conveyed by the longitudinal feeding component 22. When the seedling tray is conveyed to the transverse feeding component 23, a long strip of the seedling tray is on the transverse feeding component 23. Then, by driving the cutter 241 to move laterally in a straight line, the seedling tray is cut laterally into a strip of seedlings. The strip of seedlings is then conveyed laterally by the transverse feeding component 23. When one end of the strip of seedlings is conveyed... When the seedling tray reaches the designated position, the linear drive component 251 drives the cutter 252 to move linearly, so that the cutter 252 cuts the seedling strip and cuts it into a single seedling. Finally, under the action of gravity, the single seedling slides off the planter 3 and is planted in the paddy field. By cutting the seedling tray in stages, the impact force is small and the vibration is slight during the cutting process. The cutting action is continuous and has minimal interference to the adjacent uncut areas, avoiding large-area pulling and vibration damage to the root system and reducing the damage to the seedlings during cutting.

[0024] Further, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The transverse cutting assembly 24 also includes a linear drive assembly 242 mounted on the frame 21. The linear drive assembly 242 includes a threaded rod 2421 that can be actively rotated. A movable seat 2422 is slidably mounted on the bottom of the frame 21. The movable seat 2422 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 2421. The cutter 241 is fixedly mounted on the movable seat 2422, and a stop block 2411 is mounted on the top of the cutter 241. The height of the stop block 2411 is higher than the height of the seedling tray.

[0025] It should be noted that the threaded rod 2421 can be driven to rotate by a motor. The threaded rod 2421 is connected to the movable seat 2422 by the threaded engagement of the threaded rod 2421, so that the movable seat 2422 can move laterally in a straight line. In turn, the movable seat 2422 drives the cutter 241 to move laterally in a straight line, and the cutter 241 cuts the seedling tray laterally.

[0026] Further, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 4 The frame 21 is set at an angle, and the feed end of the planter 3 is perpendicular to the frame 21, while the discharge end of the planter 3 is perpendicular to the ground.

[0027] It should be noted that by setting the frame 21 as an entire inclined position and setting the feed end of the planter 3 to be perpendicular to the frame 21, when cutting out individual seedlings, the individual seedlings can slide freely into the planter 3 under the action of gravity. Furthermore, by setting the discharge end of the planter 3 to be perpendicular to the ground, the individual seedlings can be vertically inserted into the mud for planting, reducing the impact caused by the tilting of the seedlings.

[0028] However, in the above-mentioned technical solutions and existing technologies, the seedlings are usually placed into the mud holes in the field using a planter 3. However, during the planting process, due to the fluidity of the mud, the disturbance when the planter 3 is lifted, or the instability of the seedling's center of gravity, even with the discharge end of the planter 3 set perpendicular to the ground, the seedlings are still prone to leaning to one side or the other, affecting the uniformity of the plant population and the normal growth of the seedlings. Therefore, this invention also proposes a planting guide mechanism 4 to guide the seedlings during planting, reducing the occurrence of tilting after planting. For details, please refer to the appendix of the specification. Figures 6 to 8 The discharge end of the planter 3 is also provided with a planting guide mechanism 4. The planting guide mechanism 4 includes a slidably arranged planting cylinder 42. The planting cylinder 42 is provided with a seedling support guide component and a guide component. The seedling support guide component is used to guide and straighten the seedlings, and the guide component is used to guide the mud into the planting cylinder 42. The seedling support guide component is a flexible seedling support guide wing 421, and the guide component is a guide hole 422. There are multiple flexible seedling support guide wings 421 and multiple guide holes 422, and the multiple flexible seedling support guide wings 421 and multiple guide holes 422 are arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the planting cylinder 42.

[0029] It should be noted that during planting, the planting cylinder 42 is inserted into the mud of the paddy field. Simultaneously, individual seedlings slide into the planting device 3 under gravity and enter the planting cylinder 42 through the fixing seat 41. As the seedling enters the planting cylinder 42, it is guided and restrained by multiple flexible seedling guide wings 421, causing it to be adjusted to an upright position and fall steadily along the center line of the cavity into the mud at the bottom of the cavity. Then, the planting cylinder 42 is pulled out simultaneously... At the same time, the mud flows in from the bottom opening and multiple guide holes 422 around the perimeter. The multiple guide holes 422 ensure that the pressure inside and outside the planting cylinder 42 can be quickly balanced through the multiple guide holes 422, avoiding the formation of a cavity inside the planting cylinder 42 above the seedling when the planting cylinder 42 is pulled out of the mud. This would cause the external mud to flow in at high speed from the lower opening of the planting cylinder 42, forming an upward jet that impacts the back of the seedling and causes the seedling to tilt.

[0030] Further, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 6 The frame 21 is also equipped with a lifting adjustment mechanism 43. The lifting adjustment mechanism 43 drives the planting cylinder 42 to move vertically and linearly, inserting or pulling the planting cylinder 42 into or out of the mud. The lifting adjustment mechanism 43 includes a rotating disk 431 rotatably mounted on the frame 21, a guide shaft 432 fixedly mounted on the rotating disk 431, and a lifting frame 433 fixedly mounted on the planting cylinder 42. The lifting frame 433 is movably sleeved on the guide shaft 432, and the planting cylinder 42 is vertically slidably mounted in the fixed seat 41.

[0031] It should be noted that the rotating disk 431 can be driven to rotate by a motor. The rotating disk 431 drives the guide shaft 432 to revolve, and the guide shaft 432 drives the lifting frame 433 to reciprocate up and down. Thus, the lifting frame 433 can drive the planting cylinder 42 to reciprocate up and down, realizing the planting action of inserting and pulling out the planting cylinder 42.

[0032] In this embodiment, the specific implementation scenario is as follows: First, the seedling tray is placed on the longitudinal feeding component 22, and the seedling tray is conveyed by the longitudinal feeding component 22. When the seedling tray is conveyed to the transverse feeding component 23, a long strip of the seedling tray is on the transverse feeding component 23. Then, the cutting blade 241 is driven to move laterally in a linear motion to cut the seedling tray laterally, cutting the seedling tray into a strip. The transverse feeding component 23 then conveys the strip laterally. When one end of the strip is conveyed to the designated position, the cutting blade 2 is driven by the linear drive component 251. The linear motion of cutter 252 cuts the seedling strip, creating a single seedling. Under gravity, the seedling enters the planting device 3 and then the planting cylinder 42. As the seedling enters the planting cylinder 42, it is guided and restrained by multiple flexible seedling guide wings 421, allowing it to be adjusted to an upright position and fall smoothly into the mud at the bottom of the cavity. As the planting cylinder 42 is pulled out, mud simultaneously flows in from the bottom opening and multiple drainage holes 422 around the perimeter, preventing the seedling from tilting.

[0033] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for precisely cutting and transplanting rice seedlings with soil attached, characterized in that, include: The machine body (1) is provided with a feeding and cutting mechanism (2). The feeding and cutting mechanism (2) includes a frame (21) provided on the machine body (1). The frame (21) is provided with a longitudinal feeding component (22) and a transverse feeding component (23). The longitudinal feeding component (22) is used for longitudinally conveying seedling trays. The frame (21) is also provided with a transverse cutting component (24) and a longitudinal cutting component (25). The transverse cutting component (24) is used to cut the seedling tray into multiple strips of seedlings in the transverse direction. The transverse feeding component (23) is used to transport the strips of seedlings in the transverse direction. The longitudinal cutting component (25) is used to cut the strips of seedlings into multiple individual seedlings in the longitudinal direction. The frame (21) is also equipped with a planter (3), which is used to receive individual seedlings and guide the individual seedlings for planting.

2. The device for precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: Both the longitudinal feeding assembly (22) and the transverse feeding assembly (23) are belt conveyors, and the transverse feeding assembly (23) is located at the discharge end of the longitudinal feeding assembly (22). The transverse cutting assembly (24) is located between the longitudinal feeding assembly (22) and the transverse feeding assembly (23).

3. The device for precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that: The transverse cutting assembly (24) includes a cutter (241) capable of transverse linear movement. The cutter (241) is used to cut the seedling tray into strips by linear movement when the seedling tray is simultaneously on the longitudinal feeding assembly (22) and the transverse feeding assembly (23). The frame (21) is provided with a through groove (211), and the cutter (241) is located in the through groove (211).

4. The device for precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that: The transverse cutting assembly (24) further includes a linear drive assembly (242) mounted on the frame (21). The linear drive assembly (242) includes a rotatable threaded rod (2421). A movable seat (2422) is slidably mounted on the bottom of the frame (21). The movable seat (2422) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (2421). The cutter (241) is fixedly mounted on the movable seat (2422), and a stop block (2411) is mounted on the top of the cutter (241). The height of the stop block (2411) is higher than the height of the seedling tray.

5. The device for precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that: The longitudinal cutting assembly (25) includes a linear drive assembly two (251) mounted on the frame (21). The output end of the linear drive assembly two (251) is equipped with a cutter two (252). The linear drive assembly two (251) cuts the seedlings by driving the cutter two (252) to move linearly.

6. The device for precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that: The frame (21) is inclined as a whole, and the feed end of the planter (3) is perpendicular to the frame (21), and the discharge end of the planter (3) is perpendicular to the ground.

7. The device for precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that: The discharge end of the planter (3) is also provided with a planting guide mechanism (4). The planting guide mechanism (4) includes a slidably arranged planting cylinder (42). The planting cylinder (42) is provided with a seedling support guide component and a guide component. The seedling support guide component is used to guide and straighten the seedlings, and the guide component is used to guide the mud into the planting cylinder (42).

8. The device for precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that: The seedling support guide component is a flexible seedling support guide wing (421), and the flow guide component is a flow guide hole (422). Both the flexible seedling support guide wing (421) and the flow guide hole (422) include multiple ones, and the multiple flexible seedling support guide wing (421) and the multiple flow guide hole (422) are arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the planting cylinder (42).

9. The device for precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached, as described in claim 8, is characterized in that: The frame (21) is also provided with a lifting adjustment mechanism (43), which drives the planting cylinder (42) to move vertically and linearly, inserting or pulling the planting cylinder (42) into or out of the mud.

10. The device for precise cutting and transplanting of rice seedlings with soil attached, as described in claim 9, is characterized in that: The lifting adjustment mechanism (43) includes a rotating disk (431) rotatably mounted on the frame (21), a guide shaft (432) fixedly mounted on the rotating disk (431), a lifting frame (433) fixedly mounted on the planting cylinder (42), the lifting frame (433) being movably sleeved on the guide shaft (432), and the planting cylinder (42) being vertically slidably mounted in the fixed seat (41).

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