Back door assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a back door assembly and a vehicle, and relates to the field of vehicle engineering.The back door assembly comprises a back door outer plate and a back door inner plate, and the back door inner plate is connected with the back door outer plate; the back door inner plate is provided with an upper area, a lower area and a boundary beam arranged around the back door inner plate. The section of the upper area protrudes towards the direction close to the back door outer plate; the cross section of the lower area protrudes in the direction away from the back door outer plate, and at least the cross section of the transversely-arranged edge beam is in a step shape. Thus, the section of the upper area protrudes towards the direction close to the back door outer plate, the width of a window frame opening can be shortened on the premise that the view field is guaranteed, and the rigidity of the area is guaranteed; the section of the lower area protrudes in the direction away from the back door outer plate, so that the distance between the back door inner plate and the back door outer plate is increased, and a large storage space is formed in the back door. Meanwhile, the cross section of at least the transversely-arranged edge beam is in a step shape, and the torsional rigidity and the collision impact resistance of the back door assembly are further improved.

Description

Rear door assembly and vehicle Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle engineering technology, specifically to a tailgate assembly and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In different vehicle models and under different operating conditions, the tailgate typically serves different functions. For example, in off-road conditions, the tailgate not only needs to carry heavy items such as the spare tire, but also needs to withstand the impact of harsh road conditions on the vehicle. At the same time, the tailgate is also required to provide good rear visibility and ample storage space.

[0003] Therefore, how to balance the needs of a wide field of vision, large storage space, and high structural strength in a single back door structure has become a technical issue that continues to attract the attention of technicians in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of this application aim to provide a tailgate assembly and vehicle that can simultaneously meet the requirements of a wide field of vision, large storage space and high structural strength in a single tailgate structure.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a tailgate assembly, comprising: an outer tailgate panel; and an inner tailgate panel connected to the outer tailgate panel and located on the side of the outer tailgate panel closer to the vehicle interior; the inner tailgate panel has an upper region and a lower region, and a side beam arranged around the inner tailgate panel; the cross-section of the upper region protrudes toward the direction close to the outer tailgate panel; the cross-section of the lower region protrudes away from the outer tailgate panel, and the cross-section of the side beam, which is at least laterally arranged, is stepped.

[0006] In one embodiment, the inner panel of the back door includes a window frame, and a first upper beam, a first lower beam, a first left beam, and a first right beam arranged around the window frame; the window frame is located in the upper region.

[0007] In one embodiment, the cross-sections of the first upper beam and the first lower beam are multi-step, and the number of steps is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5.

[0008] In one embodiment, the inner panel of the rear door includes a weight-reducing hole, and a first lower side beam, a second lower side beam, a second left side beam, and a second right side beam arranged around the weight-reducing hole; the second left side beam is connected to the first left side beam, the second right side beam is connected to the first right side beam, and the first upper side beam, the first lower side beam, and the second lower side beam are arranged parallel to each other; the weight-reducing hole is located in the lower region.

[0009] In one embodiment, the cross-sections of the first lower beam and the second lower beam are multi-step, and the number of steps is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5.

[0010] In one embodiment, the inner panel of the back door further includes a first reinforcing rib and a second reinforcing rib; the two ends of the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are respectively connected to the first lower side beam and the second lower side beam, and the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are disposed between the second left side beam and the second right side beam.

[0011] In one embodiment, the tailgate assembly further includes a reinforcing structure disposed around the weight-reducing hole and located between the inner tailgate panel and the outer tailgate panel.

[0012] In one embodiment, the reinforcing structure is formed by an upper reinforcing beam, a left reinforcing beam, a lower reinforcing beam, and a right reinforcing beam arranged sequentially. The upper reinforcing beam is connected to the first lower side beam and is located on the side of the first lower side beam near the outer panel of the tailgate. The left reinforcing beam is connected to the second left side beam and is located on the side of the second left side beam near the outer panel of the tailgate. The lower reinforcing beam is connected to the second lower side beam and is located on the side of the second lower side beam near the outer panel of the tailgate. The right reinforcing beam is connected to the second right side beam and is located on the side of the second right side beam near the outer panel of the tailgate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the upper and lower reinforcing beams have stepped cross-sections; the left and right reinforcing beams have U-shaped, L-shaped, or stepped cross-sections.

[0014] In one embodiment, the tailgate assembly further includes a spare tire bracket, a first mounting beam, and a second mounting beam; the first mounting beam and the second mounting beam are arranged laterally, and the spare tire bracket is arranged longitudinally; the first mounting beam is connected to the upper reinforcing beam and is located on the side of the upper reinforcing beam near the outer panel of the tailgate; the second mounting beam is connected to the lower reinforcing beam and is located on the side of the lower reinforcing beam near the outer panel of the tailgate; both ends of the spare tire bracket are connected to the first mounting beam and the second mounting beam, respectively.

[0015] In one embodiment, the spare tire bracket protrudes away from the inner tailgate panel and is located on the outer tailgate panel on the side closer to the outside of the vehicle.

[0016] In one embodiment, a support bracket is provided on the second mounting beam, and the spare tire bracket has a first end and a second end; the first end is connected to the first mounting beam, and the second end is connected to the support bracket.

[0017] In one embodiment, the tailgate assembly further includes at least two buffer blocks, which are respectively mounted on the first mounting beam and the second mounting beam; wherein, the second mounting beam is provided with a buffer block mounting bracket, and the buffer blocks are connected to the buffer block mounting bracket.

[0018] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a vehicle including the tailgate assembly described above.

[0019] Compared to existing tailgate structures, the tailgate assembly provided in this application has the following advantages: This application provides a tailgate assembly including an outer tailgate panel and an inner tailgate panel. The inner tailgate panel is connected to the outer tailgate panel and is located on the side of the outer tailgate panel closer to the vehicle interior. The inner tailgate panel has an upper region and a lower region, as well as a side beam surrounding the inner tailgate panel. The cross-section of the upper region protrudes towards the outer tailgate panel; the cross-section of the lower region protrudes away from the outer tailgate panel, and at least the transversely arranged side beam has a stepped cross-section. Thus, the upper region's cross-section protruding towards the outer tailgate panel shortens the width of the window frame opening while maintaining visibility, and ensures the rigidity of this region by increasing the cross-sectional depth and moment of inertia. The lower region's cross-section protruding away from the outer tailgate panel increases the distance between the inner and outer tailgate panels, creating a larger storage space inside the tailgate. Simultaneously, the stepped cross-section of at least the transversely arranged side beam further enhances the torsional stiffness and impact resistance of the tailgate assembly. Thus, the embodiments of this application take into account the needs of maintaining the field of vision, expanding storage space and enhancing structural rigidity in a single component. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the rear door assembly provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 shows the AA cross-section view in Figure 1.

[0022] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner panel of the back door provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 4 shows the BB cross-section view in Figure 3.

[0024] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the inner panel of the back door and the reinforcing structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 6 shows the CC cross-section view in Figure 5.

[0026] Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the reinforcing structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 8 shows the DD cross-section in Figure 7.

[0028] Figure 9 shows the cross-sectional view of EE in Figure 7.

[0029] Figure 10 shows the FF cross-section in Figure 7.

[0030] Figure 11 shows the cross-sectional view of GG in Figure 7.

[0031] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the spare tire bracket and the reinforcing structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 13 shows the HH cross-sectional view in Figure 12.

[0033] Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of the spare tire bracket, the first mounting beam, and the second mounting beam provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram of the spare tire bracket provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 16 shows a structural side view of the spare tire bracket provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the first mounting beam provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 18 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the second mounting beam provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 19 shows a schematic diagram of the support bracket and buffer block bracket provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0039] The following are the explanations of the reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Outer panel of the rear door; 2-Inner panel of the rear door; 20-Window frame; 21-First upper beam; 22-First lower beam; 23-First left beam; 24-First right beam; 25-Weight reduction hole; 26-Second lower beam; 27-Second left beam; 28-Second right beam; 30-First reinforcing rib; 31-Second reinforcing rib; 4-Reinforcing structure; 40-Upper reinforcing beam; 41-Left reinforcing beam; 42-Lower reinforcing beam; 43-Right reinforcing beam; 50-Spare tire bracket; 51-First mounting beam; 52-Second mounting beam; 500-Top platform; 501-Support leg; 502-Spare tire mounting hole; 510-First bracket mounting point; 511-First buffer block mounting point; 520-Support bracket; 521-Buffer block mounting bracket; 522-Second bracket mounting point; 523-Second buffer block mounting point; 524-Folded edge; 6-Spare tire. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "circumferential", "radial", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0043] As those skilled in the art will understand, in a vehicle tailgate structure, the inner tailgate panel, as the primary load-bearing structure, directly affects the window frame's field of vision, storage space, and structural rigidity. Common tailgate inner panels typically have only a planar or single cross-sectional shape. This structural design has certain limitations when addressing multiple objectives. For example, reducing the width of the window frame to increase the field of vision may result in insufficient moment of inertia in that area, affecting overall rigidity; pushing the lower part of the inner panel outward to increase cavity depth to increase storage space directly increases material usage; and welding multiple local reinforcing plates onto the tailgate inner panel to increase structural rigidity increases overall mass, worsens the continuity of load transmission, and may even cause stress concentration. These factors interact, making it difficult for traditional tailgate structures to achieve a balance between field of vision, storage space, and structural rigidity.

[0044] Based on this, please refer to Figures 1 and 2. This application embodiment provides a tailgate assembly, including an outer tailgate panel 1 and an inner tailgate panel 2. The inner tailgate panel 2 is connected to the outer tailgate panel 1 and is located on the side of the outer tailgate panel 1 closest to the vehicle interior. The outer tailgate panel 1 and the inner tailgate panel 2 are fixed together by edging, welding, or other methods to form a multi-cavity structure between them, in order to meet the comprehensive needs of a wide field of vision, large storage space, and impact energy absorption required by the vehicle in off-road conditions.

[0045] Optionally, the aforementioned tailgate inner panel 2 is a one-piece molded structure, which ensures the structural integrity and continuity of the tailgate inner panel 2 and avoids stress loss and stiffness loss caused by separate welding. This tailgate inner panel 2 constitutes the basic framework of the entire tailgate assembly.

[0046] In this embodiment, the inner panel 2 of the tailgate has an upper region and a lower region, as well as side beams surrounding the inner panel 2. The cross-section of the upper region protrudes towards the outer panel 1 of the tailgate; the cross-section of the lower region protrudes away from the outer panel 1 of the tailgate, and the cross-section of at least the transversely arranged side beams is stepped. Those skilled in the art will understand that the inner panel 2 of the tailgate can be considered as a frame structure, including the side beams surrounding it. This frame design clearly defines the force transmission path, allowing the load to be transmitted and distributed through the defined side beam structure. Furthermore, the cross-section of the inner panel 2 is not flat and uniform, but is differentiated according to the functional requirements of each area.

[0047] Specifically, the cross-section of the upper region protrudes towards the outer panel 1 of the tailgate, presenting an outward convex shape. Here, "outward" refers to the direction towards the outside of the vehicle. This outward convex cross-section design increases the structural depth of the upper region in the direction perpendicular to the inner panel 2 of the tailgate. According to the principles of mechanics of materials, the moment of inertia of a cross-section is proportional to the cube of the cross-sectional depth. Increasing the structural depth of the cross-section can effectively improve the bending stiffness. This allows the lateral dimensions of the upper region (e.g., the window frame 20) to be optimized while still maintaining a high resistance to deformation.

[0048] Correspondingly, the cross-section of the lower region protrudes away from the outer tailgate panel 1, exhibiting an inwardly concave shape, where "inward" refers to the direction towards the vehicle interior. This inwardly concave cross-section design directly increases the distance between the inner tailgate panel 2 and the outer tailgate panel 1 in this area. Compared to a tailgate inner panel 2 structure without this concavity treatment, the aforementioned concavity increases the usable space between the inner tailgate panel 2 and the outer tailgate panel 1. This increased space can be directly used to arrange storage boxes, wiring harnesses, and other components, thus expanding the storage function of the lower region of the tailgate assembly. At the same time, since the concave cross-section itself also forms a certain structural depth, as part of the overall frame, it can also provide basic structural rigidity for the lower region.

[0049] Meanwhile, the side beams surrounding the inner panel 2 of the tailgate, at least laterally, have a stepped cross-section. Specifically, the cross-section of these side beams can be multi-stepped. This multi-stepped cross-section is an efficient cross-sectional form, which significantly increases the moment of inertia of the side beam against bending and torsion without significantly increasing weight or material usage by extending the material at different heights. The multi-stepped structure allows the side beams to form a multi-level connection with the outer panel 1 of the tailgate, jointly constituting a composite cavity, which can effectively improve the local stiffness and strength of the side beams, enabling them to better bear concentrated loads from components such as the spare tire 6 and hinges.

[0050] Thus, the tailgate assembly provided in this application embodiment achieves a balance between ensuring visibility, expanding storage space, and increasing structural rigidity by differentiating the cross-section of the inner panel 2 of the tailgate according to functional requirements.

[0051] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the inner panel 2 of the tailgate includes a window frame 20, and a first upper beam 21, a first lower beam 22, a first left beam 23, and a first right beam 24 arranged around the window frame 20; the window frame 20 is located in the upper region. Optionally, placing the window frame 20 in the upper region of the inner panel 2 of the tailgate gives the window frame 20 sufficient rigidity to resist pressure from the window glass and sealing strips, as well as vibration loads during vehicle operation. At the same time, it also provides a larger opening for the window, thereby improving rear visibility.

[0052] Optionally, the cross-sections of the first upper beam 21 and the first lower beam 22 are multi-step, with the number of steps being greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5. Those skilled in the art will understand that a stepped cross-section can gradually disperse concentrated stress, avoiding stress concentration, while also improving material utilization efficiency and precisely matching material distribution with stress requirements. In this embodiment, the number of steps is set between 3 and 5, achieving a balance between optimization effect and cost. When the number of steps is less than 3, the optimization effect of stress concentration is limited, and some areas still have significant stress abrupt changes; when the number of steps is more than 5, the processing difficulty and cost increase exponentially.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4. The inner panel 2 of the tailgate includes a weight-reducing hole 25, and a first lower beam 22, a second lower beam 26, a second left beam 27, and a second right beam 28 arranged around the weight-reducing hole 25. The second left beam 27 is connected to the first left beam 23, and the second right beam 28 is connected to the first right beam 24. The first upper beam 21, the first lower beam 22, and the second lower beam 26 are arranged parallel to each other. The weight-reducing hole 25 is located in the lower region. Thus, by placing the weight-reducing hole 25 in the lower region of the inner panel 2 of the tailgate, further weight reduction can be achieved while ensuring structural rigidity.

[0054] Similarly, the cross-sections of the first lower beam 22 and the second lower beam 26 are multi-step, with the number of steps being greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5. For the advantages of designing the cross-sections of the first lower beam 22 and the second lower beam 26 as multi-step, please refer to the description of the cross-sectional shape of the first upper beam 21 and the first lower beam 22 above; this application's embodiments will not repeat them here.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the inner panel 2 of the back door further includes a first reinforcing rib 30 and a second reinforcing rib 31; the two ends of the first reinforcing rib 30 and the second reinforcing rib 31 are respectively connected to the first lower side beam 22 and the second lower side beam 26, and the first reinforcing rib 30 and the second reinforcing rib 31 are disposed between the second left side beam 27 and the second right side beam 28. Thus, in this embodiment, the weight-reducing hole 25 is divided into several smaller openings by the aforementioned first reinforcing rib 30 and the second reinforcing rib 31, which can effectively suppress local deformation in the area surrounding the weight-reducing hole 25. While removing material and reducing weight, it can maintain the planar stiffness and shear strength of the lower region, and the arrangement of the first reinforcing rib 30 and the second reinforcing rib 31 further improves the stability of the lower region. In some other embodiments, the first reinforcing rib 30 and the second reinforcing rib 31 can also be arranged laterally, or extend along a direction at an angle to the lateral or longitudinal direction; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0056] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, in another embodiment, to cope with the extreme loads that the vehicle tailgate needs to withstand under off-road conditions, a closed reinforcing frame is added to the inner tailgate panel 2. Optionally, the tailgate assembly also includes a reinforcing structure 4, which is arranged around the weight-reducing hole 25 and located between the inner tailgate panel 2 and the outer tailgate panel 1. The reinforcing structure 4 is welded to the side of the inner tailgate panel 2 near the outer tailgate panel 1, and is arranged around the weight-reducing hole 25. For example, the reinforcing structure 4 corresponds to and is connected to the first lower side beam 22, the second left side beam 27, the second lower side beam 26, and the second right side beam 28, respectively.

[0057] In this embodiment, the reinforcing structure 4 is formed by the upper reinforcing beam 40, the left reinforcing beam 41, the lower reinforcing beam 42, and the right reinforcing beam 43 in sequence. The upper reinforcing beam 40 is connected to the first lower side beam 22 and is located on the side of the first lower side beam 22 near the outer panel 1 of the back door. The left reinforcing beam 41 is connected to the second left side beam 27 and is located on the side of the second left side beam 27 near the outer panel 1 of the back door. The lower reinforcing beam 42 is connected to the second lower side beam 26 and is located on the side of the second lower side beam 26 near the outer panel 1 of the back door. The right reinforcing beam 43 is connected to the second right side beam 28 and is located on the side of the second right side beam 28 near the outer panel 1 of the back door.

[0058] Specifically, the aforementioned reinforcing structure 4 consists of four beam segments—upper reinforcing beam 40, left reinforcing beam 41, lower reinforcing beam 42, and right reinforcing beam 43—connected end-to-end by welding to form a complete rigid ring structure. This ring structure is welded together with the inner panel 2 of the tailgate, forming a ring-shaped force transmission path with a more complex cross-sectional shape and higher stiffness. When a load is applied to any point on the tailgate assembly, such as the vertical force applied by the spare tire 6, the force transmitted through the hinge, or the impact force received by the latch, the load can be quickly diffused and transmitted to the surrounding area through the ring-shaped force transmission path, avoiding stress concentration and significantly improving the overall stiffness, torsional resistance, and impact resistance of the tailgate assembly.

[0059] As shown in Figures 7-11, the upper reinforcing beam 40 and the lower reinforcing beam 42 have stepped cross-sections; the left reinforcing beam 41 and the right reinforcing beam 43 have U-shaped, L-shaped, or stepped cross-sections. In this way, the cross-sections of the aforementioned reinforcing beams can be designed according to the functional requirements of their location, further ensuring the structural rigidity of the tailgate assembly and meeting the needs of diverse design.

[0060] Optionally, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, the upper reinforcing beam 40 and the lower reinforcing beam 42 have stepped cross sections that are adapted to the inner panel 2 of the tailgate. When the upper reinforcing beam 40 and the lower reinforcing beam 42 are welded to the first lower side beam 22 and the second lower side beam 26 respectively, their cross sections are complementary and together form a closed cross section with multiple cavities inside, which can effectively increase the bending resistance of the tailgate assembly in the longitudinal direction.

[0061] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, the cross-sections of the aforementioned left reinforcing beam 41 and right reinforcing beam 43 are designed according to the different functional requirements of their respective locations. The upper parts of the left reinforcing beam 41 and right reinforcing beam 43 correspond to the first left-side beam 23 and the first right-side beam 24 of the window frame 20, respectively, forming a U-shaped cross-section. These U-shaped cross-sections are welded to the first left-side beam 23 and the first right-side beam 24, respectively, forming a box-shaped structure with higher stiffness for the window frame 20. This effectively improves the modal characteristics of the window frame 20 and suppresses vibration and noise. The lower parts of the left reinforcing beam 41 and right reinforcing beam 43 correspond to the hinge mounting points or latch mounting points, respectively, forming a stepped cross-section or an L-shaped cross-section. For example, as shown in Figure 11, the lower part of the right reinforcing beam 43 adopts a stepped cross-section. After the right reinforcing beam 43 is welded to the second right side beam 28 of the tailgate inner panel 2, it forms a multi-layered cavity, providing strong support for the hinge mounting point and effectively resisting the load caused by the weight of the spare tire 6. As another example, as shown in Figure 10, the lower part of the left reinforcing beam 41 adopts an L-shaped cross-section with a bending structure, providing good bending and compressive strength. After the left reinforcing beam 41 is welded to the second left side beam 27 of the tailgate inner panel 2, it provides reliable stiffness for the latch mounting point, ensuring that this area can effectively absorb energy and control deformation during high-speed collisions.

[0062] Of course, in some other embodiments, the cross-sections of the upper reinforcing beam 40, the lower reinforcing beam 42, the left reinforcing beam 41, and the right reinforcing beam 43 can also be in other shapes. For example, the upper reinforcing beam 40 and the lower reinforcing beam 42 can be set to a U-shaped cross-section, or the left reinforcing beam 41 and the right reinforcing beam 43 can be set to a stepped cross-section, or the left and right sections of the upper reinforcing beam 40 and the lower reinforcing beam 42 can be set to different cross-sections. Those skilled in the art can make rational designs according to the functional requirements of different positions, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0063] Please refer to Figures 12 and 13. In another embodiment, considering the core load-bearing requirement of spare tire installation, the tailgate assembly also includes a spare tire bracket 50, a first mounting beam 51, and a second mounting beam 52. The first mounting beam 51 and the second mounting beam 52 are arranged laterally, and the spare tire bracket 50 is arranged longitudinally. The first mounting beam 51 is connected to the upper reinforcing beam 40 and is located on the side of the upper reinforcing beam 40 near the outer panel 1 of the tailgate. The second mounting beam 52 is connected to the lower reinforcing beam 42 and is located on the side of the lower reinforcing beam 42 near the outer panel 1 of the tailgate. The two ends of the spare tire bracket 50 are connected to the first mounting beam 51 and the second mounting beam 52, respectively. In this embodiment, both the first mounting beam 51 and the second mounting beam 52 are arranged laterally. The two ends of the first mounting beam 51 are welded to the upper reinforcing beam 40, and the two ends of the second mounting beam 52 are welded to the lower reinforcing beam 42. In some other embodiments, the operator may also weld the two ends of the first mounting beam 51 to the left reinforcing beam 41 and the right reinforcing beam 43, respectively, according to the different lateral dimensions of the first mounting beam 51 and the second mounting beam 52, or weld the two ends of the second mounting beam 52 to the left reinforcing beam 41 and the right reinforcing beam 43, respectively.

[0064] Through the aforementioned connection method, the spare tire bracket 50, the first mounting beam 51, the second mounting beam 52, together with the adjacent reinforcing structure 4 and the tailgate inner panel 2, form a cavity with an I-shaped cross-section. As those skilled in the art will understand, the I-shaped cross-section can provide a large bending moment. After the spare tire 6 is installed on the spare tire bracket 50, the load is transferred to the aforementioned I-shaped cross-section, which provides bending moment. Simultaneously, the load rapidly diffuses to the reinforcing structures 4 at both ends, and is ultimately transferred to the vehicle body through a ring-shaped force transmission path. Thus, the I-shaped cross-section can effectively improve the local stiffness, load-bearing capacity, and impact resistance of the spare tire mounting area.

[0065] As shown in Figures 14-16, the spare tire bracket 50 protrudes away from the inner tailgate panel 2 and is located on the side of the outer tailgate panel 1 closest to the outside of the vehicle. Optionally, in this embodiment, the spare tire bracket 50 has a "U"-shaped cross-section, that is, the spare tire bracket 50 has a top platform 500 and support legs 501 extending outward from both ends of the top platform 500, and the support legs 501 are set at an angle to the top platform 500.

[0066] Thus, the top platform 500 of the spare tire bracket 50 forms a raised spare tire mounting surface, ensuring sufficient distance between the spare tire 6 and the outer panel 1 of the tailgate after installation, providing ample installation space for other components on the tailgate assembly (such as cameras, lights, etc.). Simultaneously, the "U"-shaped cross-section itself possesses excellent bending resistance, and the support legs 501 on both sides provide significant lateral stability, further enhancing the stability of the spare tire 6 after installation.

[0067] Optionally, a spare tire mounting hole 502 for mounting the spare tire 6 can be formed on the top platform 500. The spare tire bracket 50 is connected to the outer panel 1 of the tailgate through the mounting hole on the support leg 501, while the spare tire 6 is fixed on the raised spare tire 6 mounting surface through the wheel hub, thus realizing a stable, high-strength and easy-to-disassemble mounting structure.

[0068] Preferably, to further increase the rigidity of the spare tire bracket 50, a transverse reinforcing rib can be provided at the middle position of the support leg 501 to form a locally protruding structure. In other embodiments, a ring-shaped reinforcing frame can also be provided on the support leg 501, which can be configured according to the actual situation by those skilled in the art.

[0069] Please refer to Figures 14 and 17-19. In this embodiment, the two support legs 501 of the spare tire bracket 50 are connected to the first mounting beam 51 and the second mounting beam 52, respectively. The ends of the two support legs 501 away from the top platform 500 form a first end and a second end. Specifically, the first mounting beam 51 is an integrally formed structure with a first bracket mounting point 510. The first end of the spare tire bracket 50 is mounted on the first bracket mounting point 510 of the first mounting beam 51. The connection can be welded or bolted. The second mounting beam 52 has a support bracket 520, and a second bracket mounting point 522 is formed on the support bracket 520. The second end of the spare tire bracket 50 is mounted on the second bracket mounting point 522. The connection can be welded or bolted. As those skilled in the art will understand, the spare tire bracket 50 is designed with a "U"-shaped cross-section, and the cross-section of the outer panel 1 of the tailgate is not planar. Therefore, it is necessary to set the support bracket 520 on the second mounting beam 52 and provide a mounting surface for the lower part of the spare tire bracket 50. The aforementioned support bracket 520 can be welded to the second mounting beam 52 or bolted to the second mounting beam 52. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0070] Please refer to Figures 14 and 17-19. To further optimize the installation stability of the spare tire 6 and reduce its shaking and abnormal noise under off-road conditions, the tailgate assembly also includes at least two buffer blocks (not shown in the figures). These at least two buffer blocks are respectively installed on the first mounting beam 51 and the second mounting beam 52. The second mounting beam 52 is provided with a buffer block mounting bracket 521, and the buffer block is connected to the buffer block mounting bracket 521. Specifically, the first mounting beam 51 is provided with a first buffer block mounting point 511, and the buffer block is directly installed on the first buffer block mounting point 511. The second mounting beam 52 is provided with a buffer block mounting bracket 521, which has two laterally spaced flanges 524. A second buffer block mounting point 523 is formed between the two flanges 524, and the buffer block is installed on the second buffer block mounting point 523. It should be noted that the two folded edges 524 form an installation groove for installing the buffer block. Installing the buffer block in the installation groove can further improve the connection strength between the buffer block and the buffer block mounting bracket 521 and extend the service life of the buffer block.

[0071] Optionally, the buffer block can be made of rubber. Under normal conditions, the buffer block maintains slight contact or a small gap with the spare tire 6. When the vehicle experiences bumps or impacts, causing the spare tire 6 to shift, the buffer block can immediately absorb the impact energy, preventing the spare tire 6 from colliding with the tailgate outer panel 1, thereby reducing noise, suppressing shaking, and protecting the tailgate structure.

[0072] Preferably, referring to Figure 19, in this embodiment, the number of buffer blocks is set to four. Two buffer blocks are installed on the first mounting beam 51, and two buffer blocks are installed on the buffer block mounting brackets 521 of the second mounting beam 52. The first buffer block mounting points 511 on the first mounting beam 51 are respectively located at both ends of the first mounting beam 51 in the lateral direction, and the buffer block mounting brackets 521 on the second mounting beam 52 are also respectively located at both ends of the second mounting beam 52 in the lateral direction, so as to form a four-point support structure for the spare tire 6. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of buffer blocks can also be set to other numbers. For example, three buffer blocks are set to form a triangular support structure for the spare tire 6, or two buffer blocks are set to form a diagonal support structure for the spare tire 6.

[0073] In another embodiment, this application also provides a vehicle including the tailgate assembly described above. By using the tailgate assembly, the upper section of the inner tailgate panel 2 protrudes towards the outer tailgate panel 1, and the lower section of the inner tailgate panel 2 protrudes away from the outer tailgate panel 1, so that the cross-section of the inner tailgate panel 2 has an upwardly convex and downwardly concave shape. This improves structural rigidity while ensuring visibility in the upper region, and increases the distance between the inner tailgate panel 2 and the outer tailgate panel 1 in the lower region, forming a larger storage space inside the tailgate. At the same time, the side beams, which are at least laterally arranged, are set in a stepped shape, which can effectively improve the moment of inertia of the side beams against bending and torsion, further improving the load-bearing capacity of the tailgate assembly. This forms a tailgate assembly structure that takes into account visibility, storage space, and structural rigidity, thereby improving the practicality and safety performance of the vehicle.

[0074] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A rear door assembly, characterized in that, include: A tailgate outer panel; a tailgate inner panel, connected to the tailgate outer panel and located on the side of the tailgate outer panel closer to the vehicle interior; the tailgate inner panel has an upper region and a lower region, and a side beam arranged around the tailgate inner panel; the cross section of the upper region protrudes toward the direction close to the tailgate outer panel; the cross section of the lower region protrudes away from the tailgate outer panel, and the cross section of the side beam arranged at least laterally is stepped.

2. The rear door assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner panel of the back door includes a window frame, and a first upper beam, a first lower beam, a first left beam, and a first right beam arranged around the window frame; the window frame is located in the upper region.

3. The rear door assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sections of the first upper beam and the first lower beam are multi-step, and the number of steps is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5.

4. The rear door assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner panel of the rear door includes a weight-reducing hole, and a first lower side beam, a second lower side beam, a second left side beam, and a second right side beam arranged around the weight-reducing hole; the second left side beam is connected to the first left side beam, and the second right side beam is connected to the first right side beam; the first upper side beam, the first lower side beam, and the second lower side beam are arranged parallel to each other; the weight-reducing hole is located in the lower region.

5. The rear door assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-sections of the first lower beam and the second lower beam are multi-step, and the number of steps is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5.

6. The rear door assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner panel of the back door also includes a first reinforcing rib and a second reinforcing rib; the two ends of the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are respectively connected to the first lower side beam and the second lower side beam, and the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are disposed between the second left side beam and the second right side beam.

7. The rear door assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tailgate assembly also includes a reinforcing structure that surrounds the weight-reducing hole and is located between the inner tailgate panel and the outer tailgate panel.

8. The rear door assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reinforcing structure is formed by an upper reinforcing beam, a left reinforcing beam, a lower reinforcing beam, and a right reinforcing beam arranged in sequence. The upper reinforcing beam is connected to the first lower side beam and is located on the side of the first lower side beam closest to the outer panel of the tailgate. The left reinforcing beam is connected to the second left side beam and is located on the side of the second left side beam closest to the outer panel of the tailgate. The lower reinforcing beam is connected to the second lower side beam and is located on the side of the second lower side beam closest to the outer panel of the tailgate. The right reinforcing beam is connected to the second right side beam and is located on the side of the second right side beam closest to the outer panel of the tailgate.

9. The rear door assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The upper and lower reinforcing beams have stepped cross-sections; the left and right reinforcing beams have U-shaped, L-shaped, or stepped cross-sections.

10. The rear door assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The tailgate assembly also includes a spare tire bracket, a first mounting beam, and a second mounting beam; the first mounting beam and the second mounting beam are arranged laterally, and the spare tire bracket is arranged longitudinally; the first mounting beam is connected to the upper reinforcing beam and is located on the side of the upper reinforcing beam near the outer panel of the tailgate; the second mounting beam is connected to the lower reinforcing beam and is located on the side of the lower reinforcing beam near the outer panel of the tailgate; both ends of the spare tire bracket are connected to the first mounting beam and the second mounting beam, respectively.

11. The rear door assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, The spare tire bracket protrudes away from the inner tailgate panel and is located on the outer tailgate panel on the side closest to the outside of the vehicle.

12. The rear door assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, The second mounting beam is provided with a support bracket, and the spare tire bracket has a first end and a second end; the first end is connected to the first mounting beam, and the second end is connected to the support bracket.

13. The rear door assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, The rear door assembly also includes at least two buffer blocks, which are respectively mounted on the first mounting beam and the second mounting beam; wherein, the second mounting beam is provided with a buffer block mounting bracket, and the buffer blocks are connected to the buffer block mounting bracket.

14. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the rear door assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

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