SMA self-resetting damper and SMA viscous self-resetting damper

Abstract

The invention relates to an SMA self-resetting damper which comprises an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve and an inner sleeve. The inner sleeve comprises an inner sleeve A, an inner sleeve C and an inner sleeve B and is sleeved in the outer sleeve; the piston rod comprises a piston rod A and a piston rod B, the piston rod A extends to the inner sleeve A along one end of the outer sleeve and is clamped in the inner sleeve A through an end piston A arranged at the end of the piston rod A, and the piston rod B extends to the inner sleeve C along the other end of the outer sleeve and is clamped in the inner sleeve C through an end piston B arranged at the end of the piston rod B; the connectors comprise a connector A and a connector B, one end of the connector A is arranged in the inner sleeve A, the other end of the connector A is arranged in the inner sleeve C, one end of the connector B is arranged in the inner sleeve B, and the other end of the connector B is arranged in the inner sleeve C; the SMA short bars comprise the SMA short bars A and the SMA short bars B, one end of the SMA short bar A is fixed to the inner sleeve A, the other end of the SMA short bar A penetrates through the end piston A to be fixed to the connecting piece A, one end of the SMA short bar B is fixed to the inner sleeve C, and the other end of the SMA short bar B penetrates through the end piston B to be fixed to the connecting piece B. According to the invention, the wall structure can quickly recover the preset use function under the earthquake action.

Description

A self-resetting SMA damper, an SMA viscous self-resetting damper Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure technology, and in particular to building energy dissipation and vibration reduction technology, specifically to an SMA self-resetting damper and an SMA viscous self-resetting damper. Background Technology

[0002] Modern energy dissipation and vibration reduction technologies primarily involve adding dampers to the structure to dissipate energy and reduce structural deformation. However, significant residual deformation may still occur after an earthquake. Traditional seismic design prioritizes the protection of life, using ductile design to prevent brittle failure or even collapse of the structure under seismic loads, thus providing opportunities for escape.

[0003] Existing methods have mitigated the damage caused by earthquakes to some extent. However, to achieve this seismic resistance goal, design codes allow plastic deformation of the main lateral force-resisting members of the structure to dissipate the seismic energy input into the structure. This can lead to damage and residual deformation of structural members, ultimately causing irreparable damage and rendering the structure unusable. Therefore, structures designed based on traditional seismic resistance concepts focus more on protecting lives during an earthquake, neglecting the consequence that the structure may be unable to maintain its original function for a long period after the earthquake. Large-scale repair or demolition and reconstruction after an earthquake inevitably leads to huge economic losses and unnecessary waste.

[0004] Therefore, self-resetting damping structures have become a current research hotspot in the earthquake engineering field. However, existing technologies, when applied individually, only have a single effect, and their practical application is not very significant. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the main objective of this invention is to provide an SMA self-resetting damper that enables the structure to quickly restore its usability under a certain intensity of earthquake, and to restore its original usability without repair after an earthquake or with only minor repairs in a partially usable state.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention proposes an SMA self-resetting damper, comprising: an outer sleeve; an inner sleeve, including inner sleeve A, inner sleeve C, and inner sleeve B, wherein inner sleeves A, C, and B are sequentially fitted inside the outer sleeve; a piston rod, including piston rod A and piston rod B, wherein piston rod A is engaged with inner sleeve A at one end of the outer sleeve via an end piston A provided at its end, and piston rod B is engaged with inner sleeve B at the other end of the outer sleeve via an end piston B provided at its end; and a connecting member, including connecting member A and connecting member B, wherein... One end of connector A is disposed in the inner sleeve A, and the other end is disposed in the inner sleeve C. One end of connector B is disposed in the inner sleeve B, and the other end is disposed in the inner sleeve C. SMA short rod, including SMA short rod A and SMA short rod B, wherein one end of SMA short rod A is fixed to the inner sleeve A, and the other end passes through the end piston A and is fixed to one end of connector A. One end of SMA short rod B is fixed to the inner sleeve B, and the other end passes through the end piston B and is fixed to one end of connector B.

[0008] In some embodiments, a gap A is reserved between one end of the connector A and / or the end piston A and the inner sleeve A; and / or, a gap B is reserved between one end of the connector B and / or the end piston B and the inner sleeve B; and / or, a gap C is reserved between the other end of the connector A and / or the other end of the connector B and the inner sleeve C.

[0009] In some embodiments, the width of gap A is the same as the width of gap B, and the width of gap C is not less than the sum of the widths of gap A and gap B.

[0010] In some embodiments, the end piston A on the piston rod A is connected and fixed to the piston rod A or integrally formed therefrom; and / or, the end piston B on the piston rod B is connected and fixed to the piston rod B or integrally formed therefrom.

[0011] In some embodiments, the connecting member A includes a connecting rod A, a sleeve piston A1, and a sleeve piston A2, wherein two sleeve pistons are disposed at both ends of the connecting rod A and are correspondingly disposed in the inner cavities of the inner sleeve A and the inner sleeve C; and / or, the connecting member B includes a connecting rod B, a sleeve piston B1, and a sleeve piston B2, wherein two sleeve pistons are disposed at both ends of the connecting rod B and are correspondingly disposed in the inner cavities of the inner sleeve B and the inner sleeve C.

[0012] In some embodiments, the outer sleeve has two grooves symmetrically arranged along its length inside, and the inner sleeves A, B and C have protrusions corresponding to the two grooves. The protrusions of the inner sleeves A, B and C are engaged with the grooves of the outer sleeve.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inner sleeves A, B and C are each made of two semi-circular sleeves that are fastened together and are fixed by nuts through screws passing through the two semi-circular sleeves.

[0014] In some embodiments, the device further includes two sets of elastic positioning members, which are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the outer sleeve. One set of elastic positioning members is connected at one end to one end of the outer sleeve and at the other end to the inner sleeve A. The other set of elastic positioning members is connected at one end to the other end of the outer sleeve and at the other end to the inner sleeve B.

[0015] In some embodiments, both sets of elastic positioning elements are provided with at least one elastic positioning element. Each elastic positioning element includes a screw and a spring. One end of the screw passes through a positioning hole one opened in the outer sleeve and is fixed by a nut. The other end is engaged in a positioning hole two opened in the inner sleeve A or the inner sleeve B. The spring is sleeved on the screw, and the depth of the positioning hole two is greater than the maximum compression length of the spring.

[0016] In some embodiments, each of the two ends of the outer sleeve is provided with a head end cap, which is bolted or welded to the two ends of the outer sleeve.

[0017] The present invention also proposes an SMA viscous self-resetting damper, comprising: the above-mentioned SMA self-resetting damper, wherein the piston rod A's end piston A and one end of the connector A, the piston rod B's end piston B and one end of the connector B, and the other end of the connector A and the other end of the connector B are all provided with corresponding communicating oil holes; viscous oil is filled in the inner sleeve A, inner sleeve B and inner sleeve C.

[0018] The advantages of this invention over the prior art are:

[0019] This invention proposes an SMA self-resetting damper, which can be widely used for energy dissipation and vibration reduction in buildings, especially suitable for installation between two supporting shear wall structures. The damper is integrated into the frame by setting up a cantilever shear wall, forming a vibration-damping frame. The main installation method of this damper is wall mounting, which effectively solves the problems of existing dampers having a simple process and lacking self-resetting capability.

[0020] The SMA self-resetting damper integrates inner sleeve, outer sleeve, piston rod, connector, and SMA short bar to achieve energy dissipation and self-resetting effects, thereby reducing the deformation of the building structure during earthquakes and reducing losses. The building structure can still maintain acceptable function when subjected to earthquake action, and its original function can be restored after the earthquake without repair or with minor repairs in a partially usable state. The structural system is easy to construct.

[0021] The SMA self-resetting damper has detachable components that are easy to replace, and individual replacements do not affect the normal function of the structure, resulting in high cost-effectiveness over its entire lifespan.

[0022] The SMA rod material of this SMA self-resetting damper can be flexibly changed in type (thickness) according to different application scenarios, which can ensure the use of the structure while taking into account a certain degree of economy.

[0023] It should be understood that the implementation of any embodiment of the present invention does not mean that it will simultaneously possess or achieve multiple or all of the above-mentioned beneficial effects. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0025] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 is a perspective structural diagram of the SMA self-resetting damper proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the SMA self-resetting damper proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the SMA self-resetting damper proposed in this invention under normal conditions;

[0029] Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the SMA self-resetting damper proposed in this invention under compression.

[0030] Figure 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the SMA self-resetting damper proposed in this invention under tension.

[0031] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of section II in Figure 3;

[0032] Figure 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the SMA viscous self-resetting damper proposed in this invention under normal conditions;

[0033] Figure 8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the SMA viscous self-resetting damper proposed in this invention under pressure.

[0034] Figure 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the SMA viscous self-resetting damper proposed in this invention under tension.

[0035] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the installation of inner sleeve A, inner sleeve B and inner sleeve C proposed in this invention;

[0036] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the installation of piston rod A and connector A and piston rod B and connector B proposed in this invention;

[0037] Figure 12 is an exploded view of one of the port structures of the outer sleeve proposed in this invention;

[0038] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the installation process of the SMA self-resetting damper or the SMA viscous self-resetting damper proposed in this invention.

[0039] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the SMA self-resetting damper or the SMA viscous self-resetting damper proposed in this invention.

[0040] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the installation of an existing wall-mounted damper;

[0041] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the location of the SMA self-resetting damper proposed in this invention installed on a cantilever shear wall, where (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0043] 1-Outer sleeve; 101-Groove; 2-Inner sleeve A; 201-Gap A; 3-Inner sleeve C; 301-Gap C; 4-Inner sleeve B; 401-Gap B; 5-Piston rod A; 501-End piston A; 6-Piston rod B; 601-End piston B; 7-Connecting piece A; 701-Connecting rod A; 702-Sleeve piston A1; 703-Sleeve piston A2; 8-Connecting piece B; 801-Connecting rod B; 802- Sleeve piston B1; 803-Sleeve piston B2; 9-SMA short rod A; 10-SMA short rod B; 11-Elastic positioning element; 1101-Screw; 1102-Spring; 12-Positioning hole one; 13-Positioning hole two; 14-Head end cap; 15-Oil hole; 16-Pin shaft connector; 17-Connecting part; 171-Screw hole; 18-Screw; 19-Nut; 20-Washer; 21-Protrusion; 22-Connecting through hole.

[0044] In the various figures, the same or corresponding reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] It should be understood that the terms "comprising / including," "consisting of," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but may also include, where necessary, other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product, apparatus, process, or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising / including," "consisting of," does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the product, apparatus, process, or method that includes said element.

[0048] It should also be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0049] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0050] Dampers are increasingly used, and are generally divided into two types: energy dissipation dampers and viscous fluid dampers. Their structure and working principle are the same, and they are widely used in buildings and bridges.

[0051] Referring to Figure 15, the SMA self-resetting damper proposed in this invention has the same preset installation position as the traditional wall damper, mainly set between the two infill wall structures of the upper and lower frames, so that the supporting wall can quickly restore its intended function under a certain intensity of earthquake.

[0052] The SMA self-resetting damper proposed in this invention has a wide range of applications. It can be installed on steel structures or concrete structures as a support or connection node to dissipate seismic energy.

[0053] Referring to Figure 16, (a) shows a front view of the SMA self-resetting damper of the present invention installed on the cantilever shear wall, and (b) shows a side view of the SMA self-resetting damper installed on the cantilever shear wall. After comprehensively considering the usage requirements of this project, the form of cantilever wall + SMA self-resetting damper was selected. Its advantage is that the structure is set in the place where the displacement and movement speed are greatest due to the earthquake. When an earthquake occurs, only the cantilever wall area has a large relative movement, which will cause wall cracks, while other areas are less affected. At the same time, the wall-type damper does not require large-scale removal of the decorative surface layer of the wall during maintenance.

[0054] The SMA self-resetting damper proposed in this invention is installed inside the infill wall, and an inspection window can be set on the infill wall at the corresponding installation position of the damper, making inspection and replacement relatively easy. While effectively improving the ductility of the frame to prevent earthquake damage, it further reduces the cost of post-earthquake building repair.

[0055] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to preferred embodiments.

[0056] As shown in Figures 1 to 14, this invention proposes an SMA self-resetting damper, comprising an outer sleeve 1, an inner sleeve, a piston rod, a connector, and an SMA short rod. This invention allows the building structure to maintain acceptable functionality during earthquakes; it requires no repair after an earthquake or can be restored to its original function with minimal repair in partially usable conditions; and the structural system is easy to construct.

[0057] Specifically, the inner sleeve includes inner sleeve A2, inner sleeve C3 and inner sleeve B4, which are sequentially fitted into the outer sleeve 1, and are snapped together with the outer sleeve 1.

[0058] Under normal conditions, inner sleeves A2, C3, and B4 are abutted against each other inside outer sleeve 1 so that the relative positions of inner sleeves A2, C3, and B4 remain unchanged under pressure. Energy is dissipated only by stretching the SMA short bar. Under tension, inner sleeves A2 and B4 are moved away from inner sleeve C3, thereby stretching the SMA short bar to achieve the purpose of energy dissipation.

[0059] Referring to Figure 10, the inner sleeves A2, C3, and B4 have the same structure, each including two semi-circular sleeves. The two edges of the two semi-circular sleeves extend outward to form a connecting part 17. The connecting part 17 is provided with screw holes 171. The two semi-circular sleeves are mated and fastened together, and the connecting parts 17 on the two semi-circular sleeves are tightly attached. The two semi-circular sleeves are connected and fixed by nuts 19 through screws 18 passing through the screw holes 171 on the connecting part 17.

[0060] In some embodiments, the inner sleeve A2 and the inner sleeve B4 have the same structure and dimensions, and the length of the inner sleeve C3 is less than or equal to that of the inner sleeve A2 and the inner sleeve B4, so as to balance the ultimate displacement of compression and tension, reduce the total length of the damper, and save materials.

[0061] In some embodiments, referring to FIG12, the inner upper and lower sides of the outer sleeve 1 are symmetrically provided with two grooves 101 along its length direction. Referring to FIG10, the upper and lower sides of the inner sleeve A 2, inner sleeve C 3 and inner sleeve B 4 are provided with protrusions 21 corresponding to the two grooves 101. Referring to FIG1, the inner sleeve A 2, inner sleeve C 3 and inner sleeve B 4 are engaged with the grooves 101 of the outer sleeve 1 through the protrusions 21.

[0062] Referring again to Figures 1 to 6, the piston rod includes piston rod A 5 and piston rod B 6. Piston rod A 5 is engaged in the inner cavity of inner sleeve A 2 at one end of outer sleeve 1 by end piston A 501 provided at its end. Piston rod B 6 is engaged in the inner cavity of inner sleeve B 4 at the other end of outer sleeve 1 by end piston B 601 provided at its end.

[0063] In some embodiments, the end piston A501 on the piston rod A5 is connected and fixed to the piston rod A5 or integrally formed with it. The longitudinal section of the piston rod A5 is T-shaped. Both the piston rod A5 and the end piston A501 are made of metal.

[0064] Referring to Figures 2 to 5, the end piston A 501 is annular, and the width of the end piston A 501 is consistent with the width of the inner cavity of the inner sleeve A 2. The outer boundary of the end piston A 501 fits seamlessly with the inner cavity of the inner sleeve A 2.

[0065] In some embodiments, the end piston B601 on the piston rod B6 is connected and fixed to the piston rod B6 or integrally formed with it. The longitudinal section of the piston rod B6 is T-shaped. Both the piston rod B6 and the end piston B601 are made of metal.

[0066] Referring to Figures 2 to 5, the end piston B 601 is annular, and the width of the end piston B 601 is the same as the width of the inner cavity of the inner sleeve B 4. The outer boundary of the end piston B 601 fits seamlessly with the inner cavity of the inner sleeve B 4.

[0067] In this invention, the connectors include connector A7 and connector B8. One end of connector A7 is engaged with end piston A501 in the inner cavity of inner sleeve A2, and the other end is engaged with the inner cavity of inner sleeve C3. One end of connector B8 is engaged with end piston B601 in the inner cavity of inner sleeve B4, and the other end is engaged with the inner cavity of inner sleeve C3.

[0068] Under normal conditions, referring to Figure 3, a gap A201 is reserved between one end of connector A7 and inner sleeve A2 in the inner cavity of inner sleeve A2. A gap B401 is reserved between one end of connector B8 and inner sleeve B4 in the inner cavity of inner sleeve B4. A gap C301 is reserved between the other end of connector A7 and the other end of connector B8 in the inner cavity of inner sleeve C3.

[0069] In this invention, the width of gap A 201 is the same as the width of gap B 401, and the width of gap C 301 is not less than the sum of the widths of gap A 201 and gap B 401.

[0070] In some embodiments, referring to FIG11(a), the connector A7 includes a connecting rod A701, a sleeve piston A1 702 and a sleeve piston A2 703, wherein the two sleeve pistons are disposed at both ends of the connecting rod A701, wherein the sleeve piston A1 702 is disposed in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve A2, and the sleeve piston A2 703 is disposed in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve C3.

[0071] Connecting rod A 701, sleeve piston A1 702, and sleeve piston A2 703 are connected and fixed or integrally formed. The longitudinal section of connecting part A 7 is H-shaped. Connecting rod A 701, sleeve piston A1 702, and sleeve piston A2 703 are all made of metal.

[0072] Referring again to Figures 2 through 5, the sleeve piston A1 702 is annular, and its width matches the inner cavity width of the inner sleeve A2. The outer boundary of the sleeve piston A1 702 fits seamlessly with the inner cavity of the inner sleeve A2. Similarly, the sleeve piston A2 703 is annular, and its width matches the inner cavity width of the inner sleeve C3. The outer boundary of the sleeve piston A2 703 fits seamlessly with the inner cavity of the inner sleeve C3.

[0073] The present invention does not limit the width of sleeve piston A1 702 and sleeve piston A2 703, as long as a certain gap A201 and gap C301 are reserved in the inner cavity of inner sleeve A2 and inner sleeve C3 corresponding to sleeve piston A1 702 and end piston A501, and sleeve piston A2 703 and sleeve piston B2 803.

[0074] Referring to Figure 11(b), the connecting member B8 includes a connecting rod B801, a sleeve piston B1802 and a sleeve piston B2803, wherein the two sleeve pistons are located at both ends of the connecting rod B801, the sleeve piston B1802 is located in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve B4, and the sleeve piston B2803 is located in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve C3.

[0075] Connecting rod B 801, sleeve piston B1 802, and sleeve piston B2 803 are connected and fixed or integrally formed. The longitudinal section of connecting part B 8 is H-shaped. Connecting rod B 801, sleeve piston B1 802, and sleeve piston B2 803 are all made of metal.

[0076] Referring again to Figures 2 through 5, the sleeve piston B1 802 is annular, and its width matches the inner cavity width of the inner sleeve B4. The outer boundary of the sleeve piston B1 802 fits seamlessly with the inner cavity of the inner sleeve B4. Similarly, the sleeve piston B2 803 is annular, and its width matches the inner cavity width of the inner sleeve C3. The outer boundary of the sleeve piston B2 803 also fits seamlessly with the inner cavity of the inner sleeve C3.

[0077] The present invention does not limit the width of sleeve piston B1 802 and sleeve piston B2 803, as long as a certain gap B401 and gap C301 are reserved in the inner cavity of inner sleeve B4 and inner sleeve C3 corresponding to sleeve piston B1 802 and end piston B601, and sleeve piston B2 803 and sleeve piston A2 703.

[0078] In this invention, the SMA short rod includes SMA short rod A9 and SMA short rod B10. One end of SMA short rod A9 is fixed to the inner sleeve A2, and the other end passes through the end piston A501 and is fixed to one end of the connector A7. One end of SMA short rod B10 is fixed to the inner sleeve B4, and the other end passes through the end piston B601 and is fixed to one end of the connector B8.

[0079] In some embodiments, both SMA short bars A 9 and SMA short bars B10 are dog-bone type, and ready-made production samples are available for quick use and installation.

[0080] Referring again to Figures 10 and 11(a), the inner sleeve A2 near the piston rod A5 and the end piston A501 and sleeve piston A1 702 are each provided with six connecting through holes 22. There are six SMA short rods A9. The six SMA short rods A9 pass through the six connecting through holes 22 on the inner sleeve A2, the end piston A501 and the sleeve piston A1 702 respectively. The two ends of the SMA short rods A9 are connected and fixed by nuts 19 along the outer side of the inner sleeve A2 and the sleeve piston A1 702.

[0081] Preferably, a gasket 20 is provided between the nut 19 and the inner sleeve A2 and the sleeve piston A1 702 to reduce local punching pressure.

[0082] Referring again to Figures 10 and 11(b), the inner sleeve B4 near the piston rod B6 and the end piston B601 and sleeve piston B1 802 are each provided with six connecting through holes 22. There are six SMA short rods B10. The six SMA short rods B10 pass through the six connecting through holes 22 on the inner sleeve B4, the end piston B601 and the sleeve piston B1 802 respectively. The two ends of the SMA short rods B10 are connected and fixed by nuts 19 along the outer side of the inner sleeve B4 and the sleeve piston B1 802.

[0083] Preferably, a gasket 20 is provided between the nut 19, the inner sleeve B 4, and the sleeve piston B1 802 to reduce local punching pressure.

[0084] The SMA short bars of this invention can be changed in type (thickness) and quantity according to different application scenarios, which can ensure both the usability of the structure and a certain degree of economy.

[0085] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2, both ends of the SMA self-resetting damper proposed in this invention are connected to a pin connector 16, and this invention is connected to the external building components through the pin connector 16.

[0086] In some embodiments, the outer ends of piston rod A 5 and piston rod B 6 are both threaded, and piston rod A 5 and piston rod B 6 are threadedly connected to pin connector 16.

[0087] The different operating states of the SMA self-resetting damper proposed in this invention are shown in Figures 3 to 5. Figure 3 shows the normal state of the SMA self-resetting damper, that is, the state in which the SMA self-resetting damper is not working after installation. Figure 4 shows the compressed state of the SMA self-resetting damper. Figure 5 shows the compressed state of the SMA self-resetting damper.

[0088] Referring to Figure 3, under normal conditions, the end piston A 501 and the sleeve piston A1 702 are fixed inside the inner sleeve A2 by the SMA short rod A9 passing through both ends of the SMA short rod A9 to the left side of the inner sleeve A2 and the right side of the sleeve piston A1 702. At this time, a gap A201 is reserved between the right side of the sleeve piston A1 702 and the inner sleeve A2. In this embodiment, the inner sleeve A2, the inner sleeve B4, and the end piston A 501 and sleeve piston A1 702 set in the inner sleeve A2 are symmetrically arranged with the end piston B 601 and sleeve piston B1 802 set in the inner sleeve B4. Based on the same arrangement, a gap B401 is reserved between the left side of the sleeve piston B1 802 and the inner sleeve B4; a gap C is reserved between the sleeve piston A2 703 and the sleeve piston B2 803 inside the inner sleeve C3. 301. In this state, taking the SMA short rod A9 as an example, since its two ends are respectively connected and fixed to the inner sleeve A2 and the sleeve piston A1 702, while the end piston A501 is not fixed to it, the piston rod A5 can slide along the SMA short rod A9. Similarly, the piston rod B6 can slide along the SMA short rod B10.

[0089] Referring to Figure 4, when the piston rods at both ends of the damper, namely piston rod A5 and piston rod B6, are compressed, they indirectly compress sleeve piston A1 702 and sleeve piston B1 802. SMA short rod A9 is stretched along the right side, while SMA short rod B10 is stretched along the left side. End piston A501 and sleeve piston A1 702 move as a whole towards gap A201, while end piston B601 and sleeve piston B1 802 move as a whole towards gap B401. This also causes sleeve piston A2 703 and sleeve piston B2 803 to move towards gap C301. Energy is dissipated during this stage by stretching the SMA short rods. After the damper is no longer compressed, it can self-reset via SMA short rods A9 and B10, returning to its normal state.

[0090] Referring to Figure 5, when the piston rods at both ends of the damper are stretched, piston rods A5 and B6 are stretched outward, causing end pistons A501 and B601 to press against the outer inner walls of inner sleeves A2 and B4 respectively. This causes inner sleeves A2 and B4 to separate from inner sleeve C3, and SMA short rod A9 is stretched along the left side. End piston A501 moves along the left side, which is equivalent to sleeve piston A1702 moving alone towards gap A201. At the same time, SMA short rod B10 is stretched along the right side, and end piston B601 moves along the right side, which is equivalent to sleeve piston B1802 moving alone towards gap B401. At this time, there is no relative displacement inside inner sleeve C3, that is, the positions of sleeve pistons A2703 and B2803 remain unchanged, thus completing the stretching of SMA short rod to achieve the purpose of energy dissipation. After the damper is no longer under tension, it can be self-reset using SMA short bar A 9 and SMA short bar B10 to return to its normal state.

[0091] In some embodiments, the present invention further includes two sets of elastic positioning elements 11, which are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the outer sleeve 1. One set of elastic positioning elements 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the outer sleeve 1 and slidably engaged with the inner sleeve A 2 at the other end. The other set of elastic positioning elements 11 is fixedly connected to the other end of the outer sleeve 1 and slidably engaged with the inner sleeve B 4 at the other end. When the damper is under tension, both the inner sleeve A 2 and the inner sleeve B 4 move outwards, causing both sets of elastic positioning elements 11 to be compressed, dissipating some of the earthquake energy. Furthermore, after the damper is no longer under tension, it can self-reset based on the self-resetting of the SMA short bar, and the compressed elastic positioning elements 11 can also perform self-resetting, thereby reducing structural deformation and losses during earthquakes.

[0092] Referring to Figures 3 and 12, each set of elastic positioning elements 11 has four parts. Each elastic positioning element 11 includes a screw 1101 and a spring 1102. One end of the screw 1101 passes through the positioning hole 12 of the outer sleeve 1 and is fixed by the nut 19. The other end is engaged in the positioning hole 13 of the inner sleeve A 2 or the inner sleeve B 4. The spring 1102 is sleeved on the screw 1101. The depth of the positioning hole 13 is greater than the maximum compression length of the spring 1102, so that one end of the screw 1101 can slide along one side of the positioning hole 13 when the spring is squeezed.

[0093] The width of positioning hole 2 13 is the same as or slightly larger than the width of screw 1101, which facilitates snap-fit.

[0094] In some embodiments, the spring 1102 may also be replaced with a disc spring.

[0095] In some embodiments, referring again to Figure 12, each end of the outer sleeve 1 is provided with a head cap 14 to seal the internal structure, prevent corrosion, and improve the overall integrity of the damper. The head cap 14 can be fixed to the outer sleeve 1 by threaded connection or by direct welding.

[0096] In some embodiments, four positioning holes 12 are provided on the head end cap 14, and one end of the screw 1101 passes through the positioning holes 12 provided on the head end cap 14 and is fixed by the nut 19.

[0097] In some embodiments, a washer 20 is provided between the nut 19 and the screw 1101 to reduce local punching pressure during operation.

[0098] Referring to Figures 13 and 14, when installing the damper, first clamp the sleeve piston A2 703 and sleeve piston B2 803 inside the inner sleeve C3. Then clamp the end piston A501 of piston rod A5 and sleeve piston A1 702 inside the inner sleeve A2, and clamp the end piston B601 of piston rod B6 inside the inner sleeve B4. After all internal components are assembled, insert the outer sleeve 1. Then install the head cap 14 at both ends of the outer sleeve 1 to complete the closure.

[0099] Referring to Figures 7 to 9, the present invention also proposes an SMA viscous self-resetting damper, comprising the above-mentioned SMA self-resetting damper and viscous oil, wherein the end piston A501 in the inner sleeve A2 of the SMA self-resetting damper and one end of the connector A7, the other end of the connector A7 in the inner sleeve C3 and the other end of the connector B8, and the end piston B601 in the inner sleeve B4 and one end of the connector B8 are all provided with corresponding communicating oil holes 15, and the viscous oil is filled in the inner sleeve A2, the inner sleeve C3 and the inner sleeve B4.

[0100] The working state of the SMA viscous self-resetting damper is the same as that of the SMA self-resetting damper, and will not be repeated in this invention. The only difference is that the inner sleeves A2, C3 and B4 are filled with viscous oil. When the SMA viscous self-resetting damper is under pressure or tension, the viscous oil will flow along the oil hole to dissipate energy through viscous flow, thereby further dissipating energy.

[0101] In this invention, inner sleeve A2, inner sleeve C3, and inner sleeve B4 are all strictly sealed. A sealing ring is provided at the connection point of the two semi-circular sleeves of inner sleeve A2, inner sleeve C3, and inner sleeve B4 to ensure the sealing performance of inner sleeve A2, inner sleeve C3, and inner sleeve B4.

[0102] The SMA viscous self-resetting damper proposed in this invention comprehensively utilizes liquid damping, springs, and SMA shape memory alloy to achieve energy dissipation and self-resetting effects, thereby reducing structural deformation and losses during earthquakes. Furthermore, all components are detachable and easily replaceable.

[0103] While several specific implementation details are included in the foregoing discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple implementations.

[0104] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A self-resetting SMA damper, characterized in that, include: Outer sleeve; inner sleeve, including inner sleeve A, inner sleeve C and inner sleeve B, wherein inner sleeve A, C and B are sequentially fitted inside the outer sleeve; A piston rod, including piston rod A and piston rod B, wherein piston rod A is engaged in the inner sleeve A at one end of the outer sleeve via an end piston A provided at its end, and piston rod B is engaged in the inner sleeve B at the other end of the outer sleeve via an end piston B provided at its end; a connector, including connector A and connector B, wherein one end of connector A is disposed in the inner sleeve A and the other end is disposed in the inner sleeve C, and one end of connector B is disposed in the inner sleeve B and the other end is disposed in the inner sleeve C; SMA short rods include SMA short rod A and SMA short rod B, wherein one end of SMA short rod A is fixed to the inner sleeve A, and the other end passes through the end piston A and is fixed to one end of the connector A; one end of SMA short rod B is fixed to the inner sleeve B, and the other end passes through the end piston B and is fixed to one end of the connector B.

2. The SMA self-resetting damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gap A is reserved between one end of the connector A and / or the end piston A and the inner sleeve A; and / or, a gap B is reserved between one end of the connector B and / or the end piston B and the inner sleeve B; and / or, a gap C is reserved between the other end of the connector A and / or the other end of the connector B and the inner sleeve C.

3. The SMA self-resetting damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The width of gap A is the same as the width of gap B, and the width of gap C is not less than the sum of the widths of gap A and gap B.

4. The SMA self-resetting damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end piston A on piston rod A is connected and fixed to piston rod A or integrally formed therefrom; and / or, the end piston B on piston rod B is connected and fixed to piston rod B or integrally formed therefrom.

5. The SMA self-resetting damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting member A includes a connecting rod A, a sleeve piston A1, and a sleeve piston A2, wherein two sleeve pistons are disposed at both ends of the connecting rod A and are correspondingly disposed in the inner cavities of the inner sleeve A and the inner sleeve C; and / or, the connecting member B includes a connecting rod B, a sleeve piston B1, and a sleeve piston B2, wherein two sleeve pistons are disposed at both ends of the connecting rod B and are correspondingly disposed in the inner cavities of the inner sleeve B and the inner sleeve C.

6. The SMA self-resetting damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer sleeve has two symmetrical grooves along its length inside. The inner sleeves A, B, and C have protrusions corresponding to the two grooves. The protrusions of the inner sleeves A, B, and C are engaged with the grooves of the outer sleeve.

7. The SMA self-resetting damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sleeves A, B and C are each made up of two semi-circular sleeves that are fastened together and secured by nuts through screws passing through the two semi-circular sleeves.

8. The SMA self-resetting damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes two sets of elastic positioning elements, which are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the outer sleeve. One set of elastic positioning elements is connected to one end of the outer sleeve and the other end is connected to the inner sleeve A. The other set of elastic positioning elements is connected to the other end of the outer sleeve and the other end is connected to the inner sleeve B.

9. The SMA self-resetting damper according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both sets of elastic positioning elements are provided with at least one elastic positioning element. Each elastic positioning element includes a screw and a spring. One end of the screw passes through a positioning hole one opened in the outer sleeve and is fixed by a nut. The other end is engaged in a positioning hole two opened in the inner sleeve A or inner sleeve B. The spring is sleeved on the screw, and the depth of the positioning hole two is greater than the maximum compression length of the spring.

10. The SMA self-resetting damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the outer sleeve are provided with a head end cap, which is bolted or welded to the two ends of the outer sleeve.

11. An SMA viscous self-resetting damper, characterized in that, include: The SMA self-resetting damper according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the piston rod A end piston A and one end of the connector A, the piston rod B end piston B and one end of the connector B, and the other end of the connector A and the other end of the connector B are all provided with corresponding communicating oil holes; viscous oil is filled in the inner sleeve A, inner sleeve B and inner sleeve C.

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