Bag-type dust collector with exhaust air and bin body connected in series to assist fine powder sedimentation and collection

Abstract

The invention discloses a bag-type dust collector for assisting fine powder sedimentation and collection through series connection of exhaust air and a bin body, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection equipment. The device comprises a bin body, a cloth bag, an induced draft fan and an exhaust pipe. An exhaust pipe of the induced draft fan is divided into a plurality of flow dividing manifolds transversely penetrating through the interior of the bin body, and each flow dividing manifold is provided with a flapping device driven by air pressure in the pipe. A flow switching mechanism is arranged at the outlet end of each flow dividing manifold, and the flow switching mechanisms periodically and alternately block and communicate the different flow dividing manifolds. When a certain flow dividing manifold is suddenly blocked, static pressure which rises instantaneously in the pipe drives the flapping device to act, and the adjacent cloth bags are mechanically flapped. According to the invention, heat energy and pressure energy of exhaust gas of the system are utilized, pre-drying and self-driving of the cloth bag are realized, mechanical auxiliary ash removal without additional energy consumption is realized, the ash removal efficiency is high, and the energy-saving effect is remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental protection equipment technology, specifically relating to a bag filter for the treatment and collection of industrial fine powder and dust, and in particular a bag filter that utilizes the energy of the system's exhaust gas to achieve self-cleaning. Background Technology

[0002] Baghouse dust collectors are the most widely used high-efficiency dust removal equipment in industrial production. They use filter bags to intercept dust particles in dust-laden gas, achieving gas-solid separation. During long-term operation, dust accumulates on the surface of the filter bags, forming a dust layer, known as "dust buildup," which causes the equipment resistance to continuously increase and affects the filtration effect. Therefore, it is essential to clean the filter bags regularly.

[0003] Traditional dust removal methods mainly include mechanical rapping, reverse air blowing, and pulse jet cleaning. Among these, pulse jet cleaning is the most widely used, but it consumes a large amount of compressed air, resulting in high energy consumption. Furthermore, the instantaneous high-pressure impact can easily cause fatigue damage to the filter bags, shortening their service life. For dust with high humidity and high viscosity, traditional dust removal methods are ineffective, easily leading to "bag clogging," causing equipment blockage or even shutdown. In addition, dust collection systems generate a large amount of heat during operation due to the work done by the fan; this heat is usually directly discharged with the exhaust gas, resulting in energy waste.

[0004] Therefore, how to utilize the system's own energy to develop a new type of dust removal technology that is low in energy consumption, high in efficiency, and adaptable to complex working conditions, and to achieve full utilization of energy, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a bag filter dust collector that connects the exhaust and the silo in series to assist in the settling and collection of fine powder. This dust collector cleverly utilizes the heat and pressure energy contained in the exhaust gas discharged by the induced draft fan to construct a self-driven auxiliary dust removal system that integrates internal heating and drying and mechanical vibration functions, thereby improving dust removal efficiency, reducing operating energy consumption, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A baghouse dust collector with exhaust and hopper connected in series to assist in the settling and collection of fine powder includes: a hopper, a dust collection hopper, an exhaust and ventilation system, and a heating and vibration system.

[0007] The lower part of the chamber is connected to the dust collection hopper, and a perforated plate is installed between the two for mounting several filter bags in an array. The exhaust and ventilation system includes an exhaust duct, a fan, and an exhaust duct, which are used to draw the filtered clean gas from the top of the chamber and discharge it.

[0008] The heating and vibration system includes several diversion manifolds that are transversely inserted into the interior of the chamber and spaced apart from the fabric bags, a beating device that is installed on both sides of the diversion manifolds for beating the fabric bags, and a flow switching mechanism for controlling the action of the beating device.

[0009] Specifically, the clean but warm exhaust gas discharged from the fan enters the distribution manifold through the exhaust duct. The distribution manifold transfers the heat it carries to the environment and filter bags inside the chamber, preheating and drying the attached dust layer. The tail end of the distribution manifold extends out of the chamber to ensure that the exhaust gas does not come into direct contact with the dust-laden gas inside the chamber.

[0010] The flow switching mechanism periodically blocks one branch manifold outlet and opens another. When the outlet of a branch manifold is suddenly blocked, the kinetic energy of the gas flowing inside the pipe is rapidly converted into pressure energy, causing a momentary increase in static pressure. This instantaneous high pressure is used as a power source to drive the beating device connected to that manifold. The vibrating strip of the beating device is pushed out, mechanically beating the adjacent filter bags to dislodge the preheated and dried dust. When the manifold is reopened, the pressure inside the pipe returns to normal, and the beating device resets under the action of the return spring. Through the periodic operation of the flow switching mechanism, continuous auxiliary dust removal of all filter bags without additional energy is achieved.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the tapping device consists of a pneumatic expander and a vibrating strip. The pneumatic expander is connected to the manifold and uses pressure fluctuations within the manifold to drive the piston to reciprocate. The vibrating strip is connected to the piston and is arranged along the length of the manifold; a cushioning pad may be provided on it to protect the fabric bag.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the flow switching mechanism employs a pulsating gate. The pulsating gate has several ventilation openings and reciprocates up and down under the coordinated action of a pressing cylinder and a supporting spring. By alternately aligning and staggering the ventilation openings with the manifold outlets, it achieves the opening and closing of different branch manifolds. The ingenuity of this design lies in the fact that, through a rationally designed layout of the ventilation openings, the total exhaust flow cross-sectional area remains constant at any switching instant, thereby avoiding impact on the fan and ensuring the stable operation of the system.

[0013] Furthermore, the manifold of this invention is divided into upper and lower layers, and the flow switching mechanism controls the upper and lower manifolds to stagger their conduction and blockage. Thus, both sides of the same fabric bag are alternately beaten by beating devices from different levels; for example, the upper left side is beaten while the lower right side is beaten, causing the fabric bag to produce an S-shaped torsional undulation. Compared to unidirectional beating, this S-shaped undulation generates greater shearing and shaking force, making it more effective at removing stubbornly attached fine powder.

[0014] In addition, the present invention adopts a filtration method in which dust-laden gas passes through the filter bag from bottom to top and from inside to outside. A simple frame adapted to this method can be used, consisting only of a fixed base, two supporting ribs and a top support ring. This provides support for the filter bag and also leaves sufficient space for it to generate S-shaped fluctuations.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Energy saving and consumption reduction, green and environmentally friendly: Utilizing the pressure and heat energy of the system's waste gas as the power and heat source for dust removal, there is no need to consume additional energy such as compressed air, which significantly reduces operating costs.

[0016] 2. Highly efficient dust removal and strong adaptability: It integrates the dual functions of "internal pre-drying" and "self-driven mechanical vibration", realizing the best dust removal mode of "drying + tapping", which has excellent treatment effect on high humidity and high viscosity dust, and fundamentally prevents the "bag clogging" phenomenon.

[0017] 3. Stable operation and extended lifespan: The gentle mechanical beating method causes less damage to the filter bags compared to high-pressure pulse impact. Continuous, low-intensity auxiliary cleaning significantly extends the main cleaning cycle, ensuring the filter bags operate at low resistance, effectively extending the service life of both the filter bags and the fan.

[0018] 4. Innovative structure for thorough dust removal: The S-shaped wave beat pattern and the bottom air intake and inside-out filtration method make dust removal more thorough and improve dust collection efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is one of the overall structural schematic diagrams of the present invention (right side view); Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention (left side view); Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the concealed portion of the cloth bag in this invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view from the side view perspective of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the tapping devices distributed on both sides of the manifold; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of part A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the striking device; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of part B in the middle; Figure 10 This is a diagram showing air entering the bag from the bottom. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cloth bag; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration pattern of a cloth bag when it is being patted. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the frame supporting the bag; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the exposed damper plate behind the concealed air intake shroud; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the action of the tripping gate; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the exposed manifold tailpipe with the hidden flap valve.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Bin body; 2. Dust collection hopper; 3. Unloading device; 4. Exhaust duct; 5. Fan; 6. Exhaust duct; 7. Air volume distributor; 8. Dust inlet; 9. Air collection hood; 10. Air outlet; 11. Downward pressure cylinder; 12. Filter bag; 13. Perforated plate; 14. Diversion manifold; 15. Frame; 151. Fixed base; 152. Support rib; 153. Support ring; 16. Pneumatic expansion joint; 17. Vibration bar; 18. Buffer pad; 19. Return spring; 20. Jumping gate; 21. Ventilation outlet; 22. Manifold tail end; 23. Support spring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0022] The description of the present invention is merely a structural or even functional description of the embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described herein.

[0023] like Figures 1-16 As shown, this embodiment is achieved through the following technical solution: As attached Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention discloses a bag filter dust collector with exhaust and hopper connected in series to assist in the settling and collection of fine powder. It mainly includes a hopper 1, a dust collection hopper 2, a filter bag 12 and its installation structure, an exhaust and ventilation system, and a heating and vibration system.

[0024] The silo body 1 is connected to the dust collection hopper 2 at the bottom, and the bottom of the dust collection hopper 2 is equipped with a discharge device 3 such as a star-shaped discharge valve. The silo body 1 and the dust collection hopper 2 are separated by a perforated plate 13, which has several mounting holes for vertically fixing the filter bags 12. The side wall of the dust collection hopper 2 is provided with a dust gas inlet 8, through which dust-laden gas enters.

[0025] The exhaust and ventilation system is used to generate negative pressure and discharge clean gas. The air outlet 10 at the top of the chamber 1 is connected to the inlet of the fan 5 via the exhaust duct 4. The outlet of the fan 5 is connected to the exhaust duct 6, which leads to the subsequent heating and vibration system.

[0026] Heating and rapping system: The exhaust gas (usually clean but at a certain temperature) from the fan 5 enters the exhaust duct 6, first passes through an air volume distributor 7, and is then evenly distributed into several branch manifolds 14. For example... Figure 4 As shown, these manifolds 14 extend laterally through the interior of the chamber 1, arranged in an array, and interspersed with and spaced apart from the vertically installed filter bags 12. The other end of each manifold 14 forms a manifold outlet 22 extending out of the end wall of the chamber 1. An air collection hood 9 covers the outlet 22 for the unified collection and final discharge of exhaust gas. Importantly, the manifolds 14 are entirely closed pipes, ensuring that the exhaust gas inside does not come into contact with the dust-laden gas inside the chamber 1.

[0027] like Figures 6 to 9 As shown, each manifold 14 has a tapping device on both sides for removing dust from the surface of the filter bag. The tapping device includes multiple pneumatic expanders 16 and a long, narrow vibrating strip 17. The cylinder of the pneumatic expander 16 is connected to the wall of the manifold 14. The piston rod ends of multiple pneumatic expanders 16 on the same side are connected to the same vibrating strip 17. The vibrating strip 17 has an arc-shaped contact surface adapted to the shape of the filter bag 12 and a cushioning pad 18 is attached to prevent damage to the filter bag. A return spring 19 is also provided inside the cylinder of the pneumatic expander 16 to keep the piston in the retracted state when there is no air pressure.

[0028] like Figures 14 to 16 As shown, the flow switching mechanism for driving the tapping device is located at the manifold tail end 22. This mechanism mainly consists of a sliding tapping gate 20. Several ventilation openings 21 are provided on the tapping gate 20. By controlling the up-and-down position of the tapping gate 20, the ventilation openings 21 can be selectively aligned with one manifold tail end 22, allowing it to flow; simultaneously, they can block another manifold tail end 22, causing it to be blocked. The reciprocating motion of the tapping gate 20 is driven by a downward pressure cylinder 11 above it and a support spring 23 below it. When the downward pressure cylinder 11 pushes the tapping gate 20 downward, it compresses the support spring 23; when the downward pressure cylinder 11 depressurizes, the elastic force of the support spring 23 pushes the tapping gate 20 upward. By periodically controlling the downward pressure cylinder 11, the stable reciprocating motion of the tapping gate 20 can be achieved.

[0029] To achieve S-shaped undulating beats on the filter bag 12, the manifold 14 is divided into upper and lower layers in the vertical direction. For example... Figure 15As shown, the ventilation openings 21 on the actuating gate 20 are also divided into upper and lower layers, and the ventilation openings within the same layer are distributed in a wave-like or intermittent manner, with the upper and lower layers of ventilation openings 21 having a complementary layout. When the actuating gate 20 is in the upper position, the odd-numbered manifold tail ports 22 of the upper layer and the even-numbered manifold tail ports 22 of the lower layer are aligned and connected, while the remaining manifolds are blocked; when the actuating gate 20 is in the lower position, the situation is exactly the opposite. In this way, the beating devices adjacent to the same bag 12, located on its upper left and lower right sides, will operate simultaneously, while the beating devices located on its upper right and lower left sides will be in the reset state, thereby causing the bag 12 to produce a... Figure 12 The S-shaped torsional undulation is shown.

[0030] The working process of this invention is as follows: Dust-laden gas enters the dust collection hopper 2 through the dust inlet 8 and, under negative pressure, flows from bottom to top into the filter bag 12. Dust is trapped on the inner surface of the filter bag 12, while clean gas penetrates the filter bag 12 and enters the chamber 1, where it is finally extracted by the induced draft fan 5.

[0031] Meanwhile, the exhaust air discharged from the fan 5 enters the distribution manifold 14 network. The distribution manifold 14 heats the interior of the chamber 1, keeping the filter bag 12 and its attached dust layer dry. Driven by the pressure cylinder 11 and the support spring 23, the actuating gate 20 begins to move up and down reciprocally, periodically switching the on and off states of each distribution manifold 14.

[0032] When any of the branch manifolds 14 suddenly switches from an open state to a closed state, the static pressure inside the pipe increases instantaneously. This pressure acts on the piston of the pneumatic expansion joint 16, overcoming the elastic force of the return spring 19, and pushing the piston and vibrating strip 17 to extend rapidly, patting the adjacent filter bag 12 once. Subsequently, when the manifold is switched back to an open state, the pressure inside the pipe decreases, and the piston quickly retracts under the action of the return spring 19. Through this alternating switching, all filter bags 12 are subjected to continuous, S-shaped mechanical vibration without additional energy, and the attached dry dust is efficiently shaken off and falls into the dust collection hopper 2, and is discharged by the unloading device 3.

[0033] like Figure 10 , 11 As shown in Figure 13, in order to match the internal air intake filtration method and S-shaped undulation, the present invention adopts a simplified frame 15, which consists only of a fixed base 151, two symmetrical support ribs 152 and a top support ring 153. This provides the necessary support for the bag 12, while ensuring that it has sufficient flexibility to generate large-amplitude torsional undulation.

[0034] Of course, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. The present invention is also not limited to the above examples, and all equivalent changes and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should fall within the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A baghouse dust collector with exhaust and silo connected in series to assist in the settling and collection of fine powder, comprising: The hopper (1) has a dust collection hopper (2) connected to its lower part. The hopper (1) is characterized in that a perforated plate (13) for installing a cloth bag (12) is provided between the hopper (1) and the dust collection hopper (2). The ventilation and exhaust system includes an exhaust pipe (4) connected to the top of the chamber (1), a fan (5) and an exhaust pipe (6). Heating and rapping system, including: Several diversion manifolds (14) are horizontally inserted inside the silo (1) and spaced apart from the cloth bag (12). The inlet end of the diversion manifold (14) is connected to the exhaust pipe (6), and the outlet end forms a manifold tail (22) extending out of the silo (1). A beating device is provided on one or both sides of each of the branch manifolds (14) for beating the cloth bag (12); The flow switching mechanism is used to periodically block a portion of the manifold tail (22) and open another portion of the branch manifold tail (22) to form a momentary high pressure in the blocked branch manifold (14) and drive the tapping device to operate. The beating device includes a pneumatic expansion joint (16) connected to the diversion manifold (14) and a vibrating strip (17) linked to the piston of the pneumatic expansion joint (16); when the diversion manifold (14) is blocked, the increased static pressure inside the pipe drives the piston of the pneumatic expansion joint (16) to extend, thereby driving the vibrating strip (17) to beat the cloth bag (12).

2. The bag filter dust collector with exhaust and silo series connection for fine powder settling and collection as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collection hopper (2) has a dust inlet (8) on its side wall. Dust-laden gas enters from below the perforated plate (13) and passes through the inside of the cloth bag (12) from bottom to top. Clean gas enters the silo (1) from the outside of the cloth bag (12). The opening end of the cloth bag (12) is fixed to the perforated plate (13) with its opening facing downward.

3. The bag filter dust collector with exhaust and silo series connection for fine powder settling and collection as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pneumatic telescoping device (16) is provided with a return spring (19) for resetting the piston.

4. The bag filter dust collector with exhaust and silo series connection for fine powder settling and collection as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration strip (17) is a long strip structure arranged along the length of the manifold (14), and a cushioning pad (18) for buffering is provided on the side facing the bag (12).

5. The bag filter dust collector with exhaust and silo series connection for fine powder settling and collection as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flow switching mechanism is a pulsating gate (20) set at the manifold tail (22). The pulsating gate (20) has several ventilation openings (21) corresponding to the manifold tail (22). The pulsating gate (20) reciprocates under the action of the driving mechanism to alternately align with or stagger the manifold tail (22) to realize the switching of opening and blocking of the diversion manifold (14).

6. The bag filter dust collector with exhaust and silo series connection for fine powder settling and collection as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The driving mechanism includes a pressing cylinder (11) disposed above the jumping gate (20) and a support spring (23) disposed below the jumping gate (20). The pressing cylinder (11) and the support spring (23) work together to drive the jumping gate (20) to move up and down reciprocally.

7. The bag filter dust collector with exhaust and silo connected in series to assist fine powder settling and collection as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diversion manifold (14) is arranged in layers in the vertical direction; the tapping device is arranged on both sides of the same bag (12) and is driven by the diversion manifold (14) of different layers respectively, so as to alternately tap the opposite sides of the bag (12) under the action of the flow switching mechanism, so that the bag (12) generates S-shaped reciprocating ripples.

8. The bag filter dust collector with exhaust and silo connected in series to assist fine powder settling and collection as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The shunt manifold (14) is divided into upper and lower layers; the flow switching mechanism controls the upper odd-numbered shunt manifold (14) to be connected with the lower even-numbered shunt manifold (14) at the same time, while the upper even-numbered shunt manifold (14) and the lower odd-numbered shunt manifold (14) are blocked, and then switch in the opposite direction at the next moment.

9. The bag filter dust collector with exhaust and silo connected in series to assist fine powder settling and collection as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The bag (12) has a frame (15) inside. The frame (15) includes a fixed base (151) for fixing on the perforated plate (13), two support ribs (152) arranged along the length of the bag (12), and a top support ring (153) connected to the top of the support ribs (152).

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