Variable-wheel-track widening device and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-wheel-track widening device and a vehicle and solves the problems that stability and trafficability of a fixed wheel track of a traditional transport vehicle are difficult to consider, an existing production process needs to be changed, and an execution element is easy to damage. A driving mechanism, a box-type telescopic mechanism and a load guide rail mechanism of the device are all arranged in a frame box girder, the driving mechanism drives the three-stage box-type telescopic mechanism to move along a guide rail, a box girder penetrates through a strip-shaped through hole of the frame box girder to be fixedly connected with the telescopic mechanism, the bottom of the box girder is connected with a bearing wheel set, and the wheel track is widened and shrunk through the action of the telescopic mechanism. The device is further provided with limiting blocks, square sleeves and carriage beam bearing guide rail assemblies to guarantee stable operation; the device is transversely arranged on the vehicle and arranged at two ends of the carriage beam. Original core components of the vehicle do not need to be greatly changed, the hydraulic execution elements do not bear main loads, the structure is stable, cost is low, and the device adapts to heavy-load special transportation complex working conditions and can rapidly fall to the ground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicles, and more particularly to a variable track widening device and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] With the rapid development of the heavy equipment and large component industries, the demand for transporting ultra-long and ultra-heavy components such as wind turbine blades, large bridge components, and heavy towers is increasing, and the comprehensive performance requirements for special transport vehicles are also constantly rising. These special transport vehicles often travel in areas with complex road conditions, such as mountainous areas, hilly areas, and construction site access roads, facing unfavorable working conditions such as varying road widths, large cross slope angles, and numerous sharp bends. At the same time, they also need to travel on standardized roads such as ordinary highways and expressways.

[0004] Special transport vehicles typically carry components that are long, have concentrated mass, and are installed at high heights, resulting in a center of gravity that is much higher than that of ordinary road transport vehicles. This makes them highly susceptible to rollover risks when driving on slopes or turning, placing stringent demands on the vehicle's lateral stability. Furthermore, when navigating narrow mountain roads, highway entrances and exits, or temporary construction access roads with limited width, even higher requirements are placed on the vehicle's maneuverability. Increasing the wheelbase is an effective way to improve lateral stability and reduce the risk of rollover. However, traditional special transport vehicles often use a fixed wheelbase structure, with a rigid connection between the axle and the frame. The wheelbase cannot be adjusted after the design is completed, making it difficult to balance stability under complex working conditions with maneuverability on narrow roads.

[0005] Taking wind turbine blade transportation as an example, the existing wheelbase of wind turbine blade transport vehicles is approximately 4.025m, and the maximum cross slope angle that can be traversed is about 10 degrees. However, the cross slope angle on special mountain roads and construction access roads can reach 12 degrees. To ensure safe driving, the wheelbase needs to be widened by about 0.8m. However, this widened wheelbase will be severely restricted by road boundaries when passing through narrow roads, significantly reducing the vehicle's passability. In addition to wind turbine blade transportation, the special transportation of other ultra-long and ultra-heavy components also faces the same wheelbase adaptation problem. Fixed wheelbase structures can no longer meet the passage requirements of special transport vehicles under different road conditions. There is an urgent need to develop a device and vehicle that can flexibly adjust the wheelbase to achieve dynamic adjustment of the wheelbase according to road conditions.

[0006] While some adjustable wheelbase structures exist in existing technologies, achieving wheelbase changes through retractable axles, movable wheel sets, or adjustable suspensions, these solutions are mostly applied to light vehicles, small construction machinery, or agricultural machinery. Their structural load-bearing capacity is limited, making them unsuitable for heavy-duty special vehicles such as those transporting wind turbine blades or heavy components. Furthermore, these solutions require significant modifications to the original axle, wheel set, and suspension structure design and manufacturing processes, necessitating adjustments to production equipment and testing standards. This not only substantially increases the manufacturing cost of special transport vehicles but also places extremely high demands on the process modification capabilities of production enterprises, making rapid implementation within the existing special transport vehicle production system difficult.

[0007] In addition, most of the hydraulic or mechanical actuators in variable wheelbase structures are directly installed inside the wheelset and need to bear part of the vehicle's load. This results in excessive stress on the actuators, making them prone to damage and making it difficult to meet the long-term requirements of heavy-duty special transport vehicles for operational stability and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a variable wheelbase widening device and vehicle. This invention not only avoids significant modifications to existing axles, wheel sets, and suspension components, but also ensures that its hydraulic actuators do not bear the main load of the vehicle, thereby guaranteeing the service life of the hydraulic actuators and ensuring the vehicle's stability and safety requirements.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A variable wheelbase widening device includes: a drive mechanism, a box-type telescopic mechanism, a load-bearing guide rail mechanism, a vehicle frame beam, and a load-bearing wheel set; the drive mechanism, the box-type telescopic mechanism, and the load-bearing guide rail mechanism are all located inside the vehicle frame beam.

[0010] The drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the box-type telescopic mechanism. The piston rod of the drive mechanism drives the box-type telescopic mechanism to move along the load guide rail mechanism. A strip-shaped through hole is opened on the side of the frame box beam. The end of the box beam passes through the strip-shaped through hole and is fixedly connected to the box-type telescopic mechanism. The box beam slides along the strip-shaped through hole under the drive of the box-type telescopic mechanism. The bottom of the box beam is fixedly connected to the load-bearing wheel set. The wheel track is widened and narrowed by the extension and retraction of the box-type telescopic device.

[0011] The box-type telescopic mechanism includes a primary box-type telescopic mechanism, a secondary box-type telescopic mechanism, and a tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism. The primary box-type telescopic mechanism is fixed inside the vehicle frame box beam. Primary guide rails are installed on the upper and lower inner walls of the primary box-type telescopic mechanism, and sliders are installed on the upper and lower outer walls of the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism. Through the cooperation of the primary guide rails and the sliders, the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism can move relative to the primary box-type telescopic mechanism. The tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism is fixedly connected to the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism. The load guide rail mechanism includes a secondary guide rail and a load-bearing guide rail seat. The secondary guide rail is fixed on the upper and lower walls inside the frame box girder. The load-bearing guide rail seat is fixed on the tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism. The load-bearing guide rail seat cooperates with the secondary guide rail to achieve relative movement. The tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism moves along the secondary guide rail with the load-bearing guide rail seat inside the frame box girder. The bearing guide rail base is provided in at least two sets, each set containing two, and each set of bearing guide rail bases is respectively provided on the upper and lower walls outside the three-stage box-type telescopic mechanism, with the two bearing guide rail bases aligned vertically. A load-bearing guide rail seat for the box girder is fixedly installed on the box girder, and a load-bearing guide rail for the box girder is installed at the bottom of the frame; The driving mechanism is a telescopic sleeve hydraulic cylinder; The piston head of the telescopic box-type sleeve hydraulic cylinder is provided with a through hole, and the inner part of the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism near the end of the primary telescopic mechanism is provided with an ear ring shaft, which passes through the through hole at the end of the piston head of the telescopic box-type sleeve hydraulic cylinder and connects to the piston head. A variable wheel track widening device also includes a limiting block, which is fixedly installed inside the vehicle box beam to prevent the first-stage box telescopic mechanism from disengaging from the second-stage box telescopic mechanism under the drive of the telescopic box-type sleeve hydraulic cylinder. A variable wheel track widening device also includes square sleeves. Multiple square sleeves are evenly arranged along the length of the telescopic sleeve hydraulic cylinder, and the telescopic sleeve hydraulic cylinder is fixed inside the first-stage box-type telescopic device through the square sleeves. Secondly, this application also provides a vehicle that employs the aforementioned variable track widening device; the variable track widening device is arranged along the lateral direction of the vehicle, and the variable track widening device is provided at both ends of the vehicle body beam.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1) The variable wheel track widening device of the present invention is integrated inside the frame box beam, which does not require major structural modifications to the original core components of special vehicles such as axles, wheelsets, and suspensions. It avoids the problems of existing adjustable wheel track solutions that require redesigning core components and adjusting production equipment and testing standards. It significantly reduces the production and manufacturing costs and process modification costs of vehicles, and can be quickly implemented in the existing production system of special transport vehicles.

[0013] 2) This invention, through the multiple load transfer design of the load guide rail mechanism, the car box beam bearing guide rail and the bearing guide rail seat, enables the main vertical load of the vehicle to be transferred to the bearing wheel set through the car box beam, guide rail and telescopic mechanism. The drive mechanism does not bear the main load of the vehicle, which solves the problem of excessive stress and easy damage of the actuator in the existing adjustable wheel track structure, greatly improves the service life of the actuator, and ensures the stability and safety of the long-term operation of heavy-duty special vehicles.

[0014] 3) The present invention adopts a nested design of a three-stage box-type telescopic mechanism, and the cross-sectional dimensions of each telescopic mechanism gradually decrease. While ensuring the structural load-bearing capacity, it effectively reduces the weight of the device itself and lowers material and manufacturing costs.

[0015] 4) The present invention is equipped with a limit block, which can effectively limit the movement range of the telescopic mechanism, prevent the primary and secondary box-type telescopic mechanisms from separating, and avoid device failure; the drive mechanism is fixed at multiple points by a square sleeve, which ensures the installation stability of the hydraulic cylinder and prevents it from shaking or shifting during vehicle travel and telescopic movement; the overall device is a modular integrated design, the connection of each component is simple, and the operation is convenient when inspecting and replacing components in the later stage, reducing the vehicle maintenance cost. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a vehicle using a variable wheelbase widening device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of the variable wheel track widening device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the variable wheel track widening device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the box-type telescopic mechanism of the variable wheel track widening device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the drive mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] The components include: 1. Drive mechanism; 2. Chassis box girder; 3. Box-type telescopic mechanism; 3.1. Primary box-type telescopic mechanism; 3.2. Secondary box-type telescopic mechanism; 3.3. Tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism; 4. Primary guide rail; 5. Slider; 6. Load guide rail mechanism; 6.1. Secondary guide rail; 6.2. Bearing guide rail seat; 7. Piston head; 8. Earring shaft; 9. Chassis box girder; 10. Chassis box girder bearing guide rail; 11. Chassis box girder bearing guide rail seat; 12. Flange; 13. Limiting block; 14. Square sleeve; 15. Bearing wheel set. Detailed Implementation

[0023] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0024] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof. As described in the background section, existing technologies require changes to the original production process to achieve wheelbase adjustment. At the same time, hydraulic or mechanical actuators need to withstand some of the load generated by the vehicle, resulting in greater stress on the actuators and easy damage to the hydraulic actuators. In order to solve the above technical problems, this invention proposes a variable wheelbase widening device and vehicle.

[0025] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a variable wheelbase widening device includes a drive mechanism 1, a box-type telescopic mechanism 3, a load guide rail mechanism 6, a vehicle box beam 9, and a load-bearing wheel set 15. The drive mechanism 1, the box-type telescopic mechanism 3, and the load guide rail mechanism 6 are all located inside the vehicle box beam 2, and the vehicle box beam 2 is fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame.

[0026] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the box-type telescopic mechanism 3 includes a primary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1, a secondary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2, and a tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3. The primary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1 is fixed inside the chassis box beam, and the drive mechanism 1 is fixedly connected to the primary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1. Primary guide rails 4 are provided on the upper and lower inner walls of the primary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1, and sliders 5 are provided on the upper and lower outer walls of the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2. Through the cooperation of the primary guide rails 4 and the sliders 5, the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2 can move relative to the primary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1. The tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3 is fixedly connected to the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2 by bolts, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the primary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1, the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2, and the tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3 gradually decrease. This arrangement can ensure that the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2 can move inside the primary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1, and at the same time, it can reduce the weight of the variable wheelbase widening device itself, thereby reducing the production cost of the enterprise.

[0027] The load-bearing guide rail mechanism 6 includes a secondary guide rail 6.1 and a load-bearing guide rail seat 6.2. The secondary guide rail 6.1 comprises two rails, fixedly mounted on the upper and lower walls inside the frame box girder 2. They can be fixedly connected by welding or bolts, etc., without limitation. At least two sets of load-bearing guide rail seats 6.2 are provided, each set containing two rails. Each set of load-bearing guide rail seats 6.2 is respectively mounted on the upper and lower walls outside the tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3, with the two load-bearing guide rail seats 6.2 aligned vertically. The load-bearing guide rail seats 6.2 cooperate with the secondary guide rail 6.1 to achieve relative movement, thereby ensuring that the tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3 can move along the secondary guide rail 6.1 inside the frame box girder 2 along with the load-bearing guide rail seats 6.2.

[0028] This invention, by setting up a secondary guide rail 6.1 and a load-bearing guide rail seat 6.2, ensures the movement stability of the tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3 while also preventing the drive mechanism 1 from bearing the vertical load of the vehicle, thereby guaranteeing the service life of the drive mechanism 1. Specifically, the vertical load generated by the vehicle is first transferred to the frame box beam 2, then through the secondary guide rail 6.1 to the load-bearing guide rail seat 6.2 on the tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3. The load-bearing guide rail seat 6.2 then transfers the vertical load to the tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3, and finally, the tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3 transfers the load to the load-bearing wheel set 15 through the box beam 9. This avoids the drive mechanism 1 bearing the vertical load of the vehicle, ultimately ensuring the service life of the drive mechanism.

[0029] The drive mechanism 1 adopts a telescopic box-type sleeve hydraulic cylinder. The piston head 7 of the telescopic sleeve hydraulic cylinder is provided with a through hole at the end. The secondary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2 is provided with an ear shaft 8 inside the end near the primary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1. The ear shaft 8 passes through the through hole at the end of the piston head 7 of the telescopic box-type sleeve hydraulic cylinder and connects to the piston head 7. During operation, the telescopic box-type sleeve hydraulic cylinder drives the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2 to move, and then the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2 drives the tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3 to move.

[0030] A strip-shaped through hole is opened on the side of the frame box girder 2. The end of the box girder 9 passes through the strip-shaped through hole and is fixedly connected to the three-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3, for example, by welding. The bottom of the box girder 9 and the load-bearing wheel set 15 can be fixedly connected by the flange 12. The box girder 9 slides along the strip-shaped through hole under the drive of the three-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3. The workflow of this invention is as follows: The first-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1 is fixedly connected to the frame box beam 2, the drive mechanism 1 is fixedly connected to the first-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1, the second-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2 can move relative to the first-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1 through the first-stage guide rail 4 and the slider 5, the second-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2 is fixedly connected to the third-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3, one end of the box beam 9 is fixedly connected to the third-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3 through the strip-shaped through hole on the frame box beam 2, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the load-bearing wheel set 15 through the flange 12. The drive mechanism 1 drives the second-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2 to move, and then the second-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.2 drives the third-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3 to move, and the third-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3 drives the box beam 9 to move along the strip-shaped through hole on the frame box beam 2. The box beam 9 drives the load-bearing wheel set 15 to move, ultimately achieving the contraction and widening of the wheel track.

[0031] The present invention also includes a box girder bearing guide rail 10 and a box girder bearing guide rail seat 11. The box girder bearing guide rail seat 11 is fixedly installed on the box girder 9 by welding, and the box girder bearing guide rail 10 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame. Driven by the three-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.3, the box girder 9 moves on the box girder bearing guide rail 10 via the box girder bearing guide rail seat 11. The stability of the box girder 9 during movement is ensured by the setting of the box girder bearing guide rail seat 11 and the box girder bearing guide rail 10.

[0032] like Figure 5As shown, the present invention also includes a square sleeve 14. Multiple square sleeves 14 are evenly arranged along the length direction of the drive mechanism 1. The square sleeves 14 are hollow. The drive mechanism 1 passes through the square sleeves 14 and is fixedly connected to the square sleeves. The outer contour of the square sleeve matches the inner contour of the first-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1. The square sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1. The telescopic sleeve hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the first-stage box-type telescopic mechanism 3.1 through the square sleeves 14.

[0033] The present invention also includes a limiting block 13, which is fixedly installed inside the frame box beam 2. The limiting block 13 restricts the movement range of the three-stage box telescopic mechanism 3.3, thereby preventing the first-stage box telescopic mechanism 3.1 from disengaging from the second-stage box telescopic mechanism 3.2 under the drive of the driving mechanism 1.

[0034] Example 2 This embodiment provides a vehicle including the variable track widening device described in Embodiment 1. The variable track widening device is arranged along the lateral direction of the vehicle, and one variable track widening device of the present invention is provided at each of the two ends of the vehicle box beam 9.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable wheelbase widening device, characterized in that, include: The vehicle includes a drive mechanism, a box-type telescopic mechanism, a load-bearing guide rail mechanism, a vehicle box beam, and a load-bearing wheel assembly; the drive mechanism, box-type telescopic mechanism, and load-bearing guide rail mechanism are all located inside the vehicle box beam. The drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the box-type telescopic mechanism. The piston rod of the drive mechanism drives the box-type telescopic mechanism to move along the load guide rail mechanism. A strip-shaped through hole is opened on the side of the frame box beam. The end of the box beam passes through the strip-shaped through hole and is fixedly connected to the box-type telescopic mechanism. The box beam slides along the strip-shaped through hole under the drive of the box-type telescopic mechanism. The bottom of the box beam is fixedly connected to the load-bearing wheel set. The wheel track is widened and narrowed by the extension and retraction of the box-type telescopic device.

2. The variable wheelbase widening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box-type telescopic mechanism includes a primary box-type telescopic mechanism, a secondary box-type telescopic mechanism, and a tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism. The primary box-type telescopic mechanism is fixed inside the vehicle frame box beam. Primary guide rails are installed on the upper and lower inner walls of the primary box-type telescopic mechanism, and sliders are installed on the upper and lower outer walls of the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism. Through the cooperation of the primary guide rails and the sliders, the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism can move relative to the primary box-type telescopic mechanism. The tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism is fixedly connected to the secondary box-type telescopic mechanism.

3. The variable wheelbase widening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load guide rail mechanism includes a secondary guide rail and a load-bearing guide rail seat. The secondary guide rail is fixed on the upper and lower walls inside the frame box girder, and the load-bearing guide rail seat is fixed on the tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism. The load-bearing guide rail seat and the secondary guide rail cooperate to achieve relative movement. The tertiary box-type telescopic mechanism moves along the secondary guide rail with the load-bearing guide rail seat inside the frame box girder.

4. The variable wheelbase widening device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The load-bearing guide rail base is provided in at least two sets, each set containing two bases. Each set of load-bearing guide rail bases is respectively set on the upper and lower walls outside the three-stage box-type telescopic mechanism, and the two load-bearing guide rail bases are aligned vertically.

5. The variable wheelbase widening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box girder is fixedly mounted on the box girder, and the box girder is mounted on the bottom of the frame.

6. The variable wheelbase widening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism is a telescopic sleeve hydraulic cylinder.

7. A variable wheelbase widening device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The piston head of the telescopic box-type sleeve hydraulic cylinder is provided with a through hole. The secondary box-type telescopic mechanism is provided with an ear shaft inside the end near the primary telescopic mechanism. The ear shaft passes through the through hole at the piston head end of the telescopic box-type sleeve hydraulic cylinder and connects to the piston head.

8. The variable wheelbase widening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting block, which is fixedly installed inside the box beam to prevent the first-stage box telescopic mechanism from separating from the second-stage box telescopic mechanism when driven by the telescopic box-type sleeve hydraulic cylinder.

9. A variable wheelbase widening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes square sleeves, with multiple square sleeves evenly arranged along the length of the telescopic sleeve hydraulic cylinder, which are used to fix the telescopic sleeve hydraulic cylinder inside the first-stage box-type telescopic device.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The variable track widening device according to any one of claims 1-9 is arranged along the lateral direction of the vehicle, and the variable track widening device is provided at both ends of the vehicle body beam.

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