High-entropy alloy wear-resistant coating flux-cored wire, and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coating flux-cored wire, which comprises a flux core and a welding sheath; the flux core is composed of the following components: Ti: 25%-30%, Ta: 20%-25%, Al: 20%-23%, Mn: 20%-23%, Y: 5%-15%, and the sum of the atomic percentages of the above components is 100%; the welding sheath is an FeCoNi strip, and the welding sheath is composed of the following components: Cr: 0.006%, Cu: 0.011%, C: 0.1%, Co: 17.31%, Ni: 29.08%, Si: 1%, and Fe is the balance. The application further discloses a preparation method and application of the high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coating flux-cored wire. The application solves the problems of insufficient high-temperature performance, easy wear and easy corrosion of a new nuclear power turbine blade TC4 surface under a long-term working environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal materials technology, specifically relating to high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire. This invention also relates to the preparation method and application of high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire. Background Technology

[0002] Titanium alloy (TC4) is lightweight and high-strength, with a density only 60% that of stainless steel. At certain rotational speeds, it can reduce root centrifugal force by 40%, significantly lowering stress load. It also possesses high strength and excellent corrosion resistance in seawater, making it widely used in the final stages of the low-pressure section blades of turbines in coastal nuclear power plants. It effectively avoids pitting and crevice corrosion problems common in traditional martensitic chromium stainless steel blades. Its operating environment is extremely harsh, characterized by high operating temperatures, severe friction and wear, high and complex working stresses, and high corrosiveness. These advantages of TC4 perfectly match the complex operating conditions of nuclear power turbine blades, hence its frequent use in the manufacture of high-performance turbine blades. However, TC4 also has some drawbacks, such as low hardness, poor wear resistance, poor thermal conductivity, and poor weldability, limiting its application in nuclear power turbine blades. The development of metal surface modification technology and modifying materials offers a solution to this problem; improving the surface properties of TC4 by preparing a modified coating is an effective method.

[0003] To address various complex working conditions, alloys have been discovered and ingeniously solved various material application problems. However, single alloys still have some shortcomings. The discovery of high-entropy alloys has diversified materials and propelled their development to new heights. High-entropy alloys are composed of five or more elements in equal or approximately equal amounts, with each component accounting for 5%-35%. Based on elements, they can be classified into equiatomic high-entropy alloys, non-equiatomic high-entropy alloys, and high-entropy alloys with trace element additions. Cladding coating preparation methods include arc cladding and laser cladding. Laser cladding has a concentrated heat source, with temperatures reaching over 3000℃, and can vaporize some elements. However, its cladding speed is slow and its cost is high, thus limiting its widespread application in the short term. TIG cladding has a molten pool temperature of approximately 1500℃-1700℃ and offers advantages such as simple operation, high flexibility, no vacuum limitations, and low equipment cost.

[0004] TIG cladding using flux-cored wire is low-cost, easy to process, and has a wide range of applications. It can be better applied to the cladding of blade roots to improve their connection strength and surface hardness. Since turbine blades require steam to provide power for rotation, they also have high requirements for wear resistance and corrosion resistance. TIG welding has a high tolerance for workpiece errors, and a reasonable process can be set according to the site to ensure that the cladding surface meets the appropriate process requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire, which solves the problems of insufficient high-temperature performance, easy wear, and easy corrosion of the TC4 surface of new nuclear power turbine blades during long-term operation in the working environment.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire.

[0007] The third objective of this invention is to provide the application of high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire in the field of novel nuclear power turbine blades.

[0008] The first technical solution adopted in this invention is a high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire, comprising a flux core and a welding skin; the flux core is composed of the following components: Ti: 25%-30%, Ta: 20%-25%, Al: 20%-23%, Mn: 20%-23%, Y: 5%-15%, and the sum of the atomic percentages of the above components is 100%; the welding skin is an FeCoNi strip, and the welding skin is composed of the following components: Cr: 0.006%, Cu: 0.011%, C: 0.1%, Co: 17.31%, Ni: 29.08%, Si: 1%, with Fe as the balance.

[0009] The first technical solution of this invention is further characterized by:

[0010] The flux-cored wire has a flux filling amount of 35wt%-45wt%.

[0011] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is a method for preparing high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Clean the FeCoNi tape; Step 2: Convert the atomic percentage to the mass percentage, weigh each metal powder and grind them to obtain a mixed powder; Step 3: Heat the mixed powder and then mix it evenly to obtain the core powder; Step 4: Wrap the flux powder inside the FeCoNi tape and close it to obtain a semi-finished welding wire of the required diameter; Step 5: The welding wire semi-finished product is cold-drawn and reduced in diameter through multiple passes to obtain the welding wire of the required diameter; Step 6: Wipe the oil off the surface of the welding wire, straighten it, coil it, and package it to obtain a high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire.

[0012] The second technical solution of the present invention is further characterized by: In step 1, the cleaning process involves the following steps in sequence: cleaning with a mixture of NaOH and acetone, rinsing with water, and ultrasonic cleaning with a mixture of HF and HNO3.

[0013] The mass fraction of NaOH in the mixed solution of NaOH and acetone is 20%-30% and the mass fraction of acetone is 70%-80%; the mass fraction of HF in the mixed aqueous solution of HNO3 is 8%-12% and the mass fraction of HNO3 is 28%-32%.

[0014] The ultrasonic cleaning time is 2-3 minutes, and the frequency is 25-30 kHz.

[0015] Step 2 specifically involves: placing each metal powder into a planetary ball mill for grinding, and then using a sieve to ensure that the particle size of each raw material powder is no greater than 119μm.

[0016] Step 3 specifically involves heating the mixed powder obtained in step 2, then placing the heated raw material powder into a mixer for dry mixing until the powder is fully mixed to obtain the core powder.

[0017] Step 6 involves wiping the surface of the welding wire with a cotton cloth soaked in anhydrous ethanol or acetone to remove the oil.

[0018] The third technical solution adopted in this invention is the application of high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire in the field of new nuclear power turbine blades.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire provided by this invention significantly improves wear resistance and hardness compared to the TC4 substrate when used to prepare wear-resistant coatings on the TC4 surface, thus solving the problem of easy wear of TC4 turbine blades under complex working conditions. It has good weldability, forming a beautiful weld with no welding defects such as porosity, inclusions, oxidation, or cracks. Furthermore, the wear-resistant coating prepared on the TC4 surface has good adhesion to the substrate. It is highly economical, requires minimal equipment, and allows for simple processes and easy operation, making it suitable for mass production. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a metallographic microstructure of the high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored wire in Embodiment 9 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a metallographic microstructure of the high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored wire in Embodiment 10 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 The high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire provided in this embodiment includes a flux core and a welding skin. The flux core is composed of the following components: Ti: 25%-30%, Ta: 20%-25%, Al: 20%-23%, Mn: 20%-23%, Y: 5%-15%, and the sum of the atomic percentages of the above components is 100%. The welding skin is an FeCoNi strip, and the welding skin is composed of the following components: Cr: 0.006%, Cu: 0.011%, C: 0.1%, Co: 17.31%, Ni: 29.08%, Si: 1%, and Fe as the balance.

[0023] The functions of each component in the core powder are: Ti: Adding Ti can improve the bonding and compatibility between high-entropy alloys and the matrix. In addition, Ti can also promote the formation of BCC phase, thereby improving the hardness and wear resistance of high-entropy alloys.

[0024] Ta: The element has a strong affinity for carbon, which can form a compound with low lattice mismatch with the matrix. At high temperatures, it can stabilize the second phase, hinder grain boundary migration and grain growth, and at the same time suppress the precipitation of harmful phases, thus improving the creep resistance of the alloy.

[0025] Al: Al is a core element for the directional regulation of phase structure in high-entropy alloys and a stabilizing element of the BCC phase. It also adjusts their high-temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0026] Mn: This element can stabilize the FCC phase, suppress the precipitation of the BCC phase by increasing the concentration of low-valence electrons, increase the space of the FCC phase, and inhibit the formation of brittle phases such as σ phase and Laves, thus avoiding the deterioration of the alloy's plasticity and toughness.

[0027] Y:Y can purify grain boundaries, promote the precipitation of the second phase, pin the grain boundaries to inhibit grain coarsening, and at the same time greatly improve the plasticity and toughness of the material.

[0028] The functions of each component in the drug coating: Cr: Element can improve interfacial bonding strength and compatibility, reduce the brittleness of alloys, and promote the formation of BCC phase, thereby improving the wear resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings.

[0029] Cu: In iron-based systems, Cu is easily dissolved into the FCC lattice, reducing lattice distortion energy and ensuring alloy plasticity.

[0030] C:C is a typical interstitial strengthening element and forms carbides, which can improve strength, hardness and wear resistance.

[0031] Co and Ni: These two elements belong to the same period and group as Fe in the periodic table, thus having similar atomic coefficients and atomic radii. They readily form substitutional solid solutions, which in turn can form infinite solid solutions. Therefore, they are often used as main elements in high-entropy alloy design. In addition, Co and Ni have good corrosion resistance, which can improve the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer.

[0032] Si: Si is a non-metallic modifying element, mainly used for structural regulation and solid solution strengthening, improving its corrosion resistance and preventing high-temperature oxidation.

[0033] Fe: Fe is a core element of transition metals and plays a role in structural support and solid solution strengthening in high-entropy alloy systems.

[0034] Example 2 The high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire provided in this embodiment includes a flux core and a welding skin. The flux core is composed of the following components: Ti: 25%-30%, Ta: 20%-25%, Al: 20%-23%, Mn: 20%-23%, Y: 5%-15%, and the sum of the atomic percentages of the above components is 100%. The welding skin is an FeCoNi strip, and the welding skin is composed of the following components: Cr: 0.006%, Cu: 0.011%, C: 0.1%, Co: 17.31%, Ni: 29.08%, Si: 1%, and Fe as the balance. The flux filling amount in the flux-cored welding wire is 35wt%-45wt%.

[0035] Example 3 The method for preparing high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: Clean the FeCoNi tape; Step 2: Convert the atomic percentage to the mass percentage, weigh each metal powder and grind them to obtain a mixed powder; Step 3: Heat the mixed powder and then mix it evenly to obtain the core powder; Step 4: Wrap the flux powder inside the FeCoNi tape and close it to obtain a semi-finished welding wire of the required diameter; Step 5: The welding wire semi-finished product is cold-drawn and reduced in diameter through multiple passes to obtain the welding wire of the required diameter; Step 6: Wipe the oil off the surface of the welding wire, straighten it, coil it, and package it to obtain a high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire.

[0036] Example 4 The method for preparing high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: Clean the FeCoNi tape; The cleaning process involved the following steps in sequence: cleaning with a mixture of NaOH and acetone, rinsing with water, and ultrasonic cleaning with a mixture of HF and HNO3. The mass fraction of NaOH in the mixed solution of NaOH and acetone is 20%-30%, and the mass fraction of acetone is 70%-80%; the mass fraction of HF in the mixed aqueous solution of HNO3 is 8%-12%, and the mass fraction of HNO3 is 28%-32%. The ultrasonic cleaning time is 2-3 minutes, and the frequency is 25-30 kHz; Step 2: Convert the atomic percentage to the mass percentage, weigh each metal powder and grind them to obtain a mixed powder; Specifically, each metal powder is placed into a planetary ball mill for grinding, and then screened using a sieve to ensure that the particle size of each raw material powder is no greater than 119μm. Step 3: Heat the mixed powder and then mix it evenly to obtain the core powder; Step 4: Wrap the flux powder inside the FeCoNi tape and close it to obtain a semi-finished welding wire of the required diameter; Step 5: The welding wire semi-finished product is cold-drawn and reduced in diameter through multiple passes to obtain the welding wire of the required diameter; Step 6: Wipe the oil off the surface of the welding wire, straighten it, coil it, and package it to obtain a high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire.

[0037] Example 5 The method for preparing high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: Clean the FeCoNi tape; The cleaning process involved the following steps in sequence: cleaning with a mixture of NaOH and acetone, rinsing with water, and ultrasonic cleaning with a mixture of HF and HNO3. The mass fraction of NaOH in the mixed solution of NaOH and acetone is 20%-30%, and the mass fraction of acetone is 70%-80%; the mass fraction of HF in the mixed aqueous solution of HNO3 is 8%-12%, and the mass fraction of HNO3 is 28%-32%. The ultrasonic cleaning time is 2-3 minutes, and the frequency is 25-30 kHz; Step 2: Convert the atomic percentage to the mass percentage, weigh each metal powder and grind them to obtain a mixed powder; Specifically, each metal powder is placed into a planetary ball mill for grinding, and then screened using a sieve to ensure that the particle size of each raw material powder is no greater than 119μm. Step 3: Heat the mixed powder and then mix it evenly to obtain the core powder; Specifically, the mixed powder obtained in step 2 is heated, and then the heated raw material powder is put into a mixer for dry mixing. After the powder is fully mixed, the core powder is obtained. Step 4: Wrap the flux powder inside the FeCoNi tape and close it to obtain a semi-finished welding wire of the required diameter; Step 5: The welding wire semi-finished product is cold-drawn and reduced in diameter through multiple passes to obtain the welding wire of the required diameter; Step 6: Wipe the oil off the surface of the welding wire, straighten it, coil it, and package it to obtain a high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire; The specific method for wiping the oil stains on the surface of the welding wire is as follows: use a cotton cloth soaked in anhydrous ethanol or acetone to wipe the oil stains on the surface of the welding wire.

[0038] Example 6 The application of the high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire provided in this embodiment in the field of new nuclear power turbine blades.

[0039] Example 7 The method for preparing high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare a mixture of NaOH and acetone, use it to thoroughly clean the FeCoNi tape, then clean it with water, and finally clean it with an ultrasonic cleaner. The cleaning solution is a mixed aqueous solution of HF and HNO3. After cleaning, dry it to obtain a clean FeCoNi tape. In step 1, the NaOH and acetone mixture used has a NaOH mass fraction of 25% and an acetone mass fraction of 75%; the HF and HNO3 mixed aqueous solution has a HF mass fraction of 10% and an HNO3 mass fraction of 30%; ultrasonic cleaning is performed for 2-3 minutes at a frequency of 25-30 kHz. Step 2: Prepare according to atomic percentage, the total atomic percentage is 100%, of which Ti: 25%, Ta: 20%, Ni: 20%, Mn: 21%, Y: 14%; convert the above atomic percentage to mass percentage, and weigh the various metal powders according to the mass percentage; In step 2, the metal powder is put into a planetary ball mill for grinding, and then screened with a sieve to ensure that the particle size of each raw material powder is no greater than 119μm. Step 3: Dry mix the various raw material powders heated in Step 2 in a mixer until they are evenly mixed to obtain core powder; Step 4: The flux-cored powder uniformly mixed in Step 3 is wrapped in FeCoNi tape using a flux-cored wire forming machine, and the FeCoNi tape is closed using a forming machine to obtain a semi-finished welding wire with a diameter of 2.1mm. Step 5: The high-entropy alloy flux-cored welding wire precursor with a diameter of 2.1 mm obtained in Step 4 is subjected to a multi-pass cold drawing and diameter reduction die to obtain a welding wire with a diameter of 1.42 mm; In step 5, the specific process of the multi-pass cold drawing and diameter reduction wire drawing die is as follows: the wires pass through drawing dies with diameters of 2.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.7mm, 1.6mm, 1.5mm, and 1.42mm in sequence. Step 6: Wipe the oil stains on the welding wire with a cotton cloth soaked in acetone or anhydrous ethanol. Finally, straighten the welding wire, coil it into a disc, and seal it in packaging using a wire drawing machine. The welding process of the high-entropy alloy flux-cored welding wire prepared in Example 7 was as follows: Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding was used, with a welding current of 178 A, a voltage of 18-23 V, a welding speed of 15 cm / min, and pure argon as the shielding gas. When using this welding wire, the arc was stable, the weld formation was aesthetically pleasing, and there were no defects such as porosity, inclusions, cracks, or oxidation. The resulting high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coating, under the following parameters in the friction and wear test (motor frequency 6.25 Hz, load 15 N, rotation speed 180 r / min, friction for 40 min), and with the wear layer being quenched 45 steel, showed a wear amount of 2.0 mg. In the microhardness test, the maximum hardness reached 520 HV. 0.5 Its hardness is 1.52 times higher than that of the base material, and its wear resistance is excellent, meeting the requirements for use.

[0040] Example 8 The method for preparing high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: First, clean the FeCoNi tape with a mixture of NaOH and acetone, then rinse with water, and finally use a mixed aqueous solution of HF and HNO3 for ultrasonic cleaning to obtain the cleaned FeCoNi tape. In step 1, the NaOH and acetone mixture used has a NaOH mass fraction of 25% and an acetone mass fraction of 75%; the HF and HNO3 mixed aqueous solution has a HF mass fraction of 10% and an HNO3 mass fraction of 30%; ultrasonic cleaning is performed for 2-3 minutes at a frequency of 25-30 kHz. Step 2: Prepare according to atomic percentage, the total atomic percentage is 100%, of which Ti: 26%, Ta: 21%, Ni: 23%, Mn: 23%, Y: 7%; convert the above atomic percentage to mass percentage, and weigh the various metal powders according to the mass percentage; In step 2, the metal powder is put into a planetary ball mill for grinding, and then screened with a sieve to ensure that the particle size of each raw material powder is no greater than 119μm. Step 3: Dry mix the various raw material powders heated in Step 2 in a mixer until they are evenly mixed to obtain core powder; Step 4: The flux-cored powder uniformly mixed in Step 3 is wrapped in FeCoNi tape using a flux-cored wire forming machine, and the FeCoNi tape is closed using a forming machine to obtain a semi-finished welding wire with a diameter of 2.1mm. Step 5: The high-entropy alloy flux-cored welding wire precursor with a diameter of 2.1 mm obtained in Step 4 is subjected to a multi-pass cold drawing and diameter reduction die to obtain a welding wire with a diameter of 1.42 mm; In step 5, the specific process of the multi-pass cold drawing and diameter reduction wire drawing die is as follows: the wires pass through drawing dies with diameters of 2.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.7mm, 1.6mm, 1.5mm, and 1.42mm in sequence. Step 6: Wipe the oil stains on the welding wire with a cotton cloth soaked in acetone or anhydrous ethanol. Finally, straighten the welding wire, coil it into a disc, and seal it in packaging using a wire drawing machine. The welding process of the high-entropy alloy flux-cored welding wire prepared in Example 8 was as follows: gas metal arc welding (MIG) was used, with a welding current of 180A, a voltage of 16-25V, a welding speed of 16cm / min, and pure argon as the shielding gas. During welding, the arc was stable, the weld bead was aesthetically pleasing, and free of porosity, cracks, inclusions, and oxidation defects. The resulting high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coating, under the following parameters in the friction and wear test (motor frequency 6.25 Hz, load 15 N, rotation speed 180 r / min, friction for 40 min), and with the wear layer made of quenched 45 steel, showed a wear amount of 1.9 mg. In the microhardness test, the maximum hardness reached 556 HV. 0.5 Its hardness is 1.58 times higher than that of the base material, and its wear resistance is excellent, meeting the requirements for use.

[0041] Example 9 The method for preparing high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: First, clean the FeCoNi tape with a mixture of NaOH and acetone, then rinse with water, and finally use a mixed aqueous solution of HF and HNO3 for ultrasonic cleaning to obtain the cleaned FeCoNi tape. In step 1, the NaOH and acetone mixture used has a NaOH mass fraction of 25% and an acetone mass fraction of 75%; the HF and HNO3 mixed aqueous solution has a HF mass fraction of 10% and an HNO3 mass fraction of 30%; ultrasonic cleaning is performed for 2-3 minutes at a frequency of 25-30 kHz. Step 2: Prepare according to atomic percentage, the total atomic percentage is 100%, of which Ti: 27%, Ta: 23%, Ni: 22%, Mn: 20%, Y: 8%; convert the above atomic percentage to mass percentage, and weigh the various metal powders according to the mass percentage; In step 2, the metal powder is put into a planetary ball mill for grinding, and then screened with a sieve to ensure that the particle size of each raw material powder is no greater than 119μm. Step 3: Dry mix the various raw material powders heated in Step 2 in a mixer until they are evenly mixed to obtain core powder; Step 4: The flux-cored powder uniformly mixed in Step 3 is wrapped in FeCoNi tape using a flux-cored wire forming machine, and the FeCoNi tape is closed using a forming machine to obtain a semi-finished welding wire with a diameter of 2.1mm. Step 5: The high-entropy alloy flux-cored welding wire precursor with a diameter of 2.1 mm obtained in Step 4 is subjected to a multi-pass cold drawing and diameter reduction die to obtain a welding wire with a diameter of 1.42 mm; In step 5, the specific process of the multi-pass cold drawing and diameter reduction wire drawing die is as follows: the wires pass through drawing dies with diameters of 2.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.7mm, 1.6mm, 1.5mm, and 1.42mm in sequence. Step 6: Wipe the oil stains on the welding wire with a cotton cloth soaked in acetone or anhydrous ethanol. Finally, straighten the welding wire, coil it into a disc, and seal it in packaging using a wire drawing machine. The welding process of the high-entropy alloy flux-cored welding wire prepared in Example 9 was as follows: Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding was used with a welding current of 176 A, a voltage of 15-20 V, a welding speed of 15 cm / min, and pure argon as the shielding gas. During welding, the arc was stable, the weld bead was aesthetically pleasing, and free of porosity, cracks, inclusions, and oxidation defects. The resulting high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coating, under the following parameters in the friction and wear test (motor frequency 6.25 Hz, load 16 N, rotation speed 180 r / min, friction for 40 min), and with the wear layer made of quenched 45 steel, showed a wear amount of 1.8 mg. In the microhardness test, the maximum hardness reached 759 HV. 0.5 Its hardness is 1.9 times higher than that of the base material, and it has excellent wear resistance, meeting the requirements for use.

[0042] Example 10 The method for preparing high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: First, clean the FeCoNi tape with a mixture of NaOH and acetone, then rinse with water, and finally use a mixed aqueous solution of HF and HNO3 for ultrasonic cleaning to obtain the cleaned FeCoNi tape. In step 1, the NaOH and acetone mixture used has a NaOH mass fraction of 25% and an acetone mass fraction of 75%; the HF and HNO3 mixed aqueous solution has a HF mass fraction of 10% and an HNO3 mass fraction of 30%; ultrasonic cleaning is performed for 2-3 minutes at a frequency of 25-30 kHz. Step 2: Prepare the powder according to atomic percentage, with a total atomic percentage of 100%, where Ti: 28%, Ta: 22%, Ni: 20%, Mn: 20%, and Y: 10%. Convert the atomic percentages to mass percentages and weigh out the various metal powders according to the mass percentages. In step 2, the metal powder is put into a planetary ball mill for grinding, and then screened with a sieve to ensure that the particle size of each raw material powder is no greater than 119μm. Step 3: Dry mix the various raw material powders heated in Step 2 in a mixer until they are evenly mixed to obtain core powder; Step 4: The flux-cored powder uniformly mixed in Step 3 is wrapped in FeCoNi tape using a flux-cored wire forming machine, and the FeCoNi tape is closed using a forming machine to obtain a semi-finished welding wire with a diameter of 2.1mm. Step 5: The high-entropy alloy flux-cored welding wire precursor with a diameter of 2.1 mm obtained in Step 4 is subjected to a multi-pass cold drawing and diameter reduction die to obtain a welding wire with a diameter of 1.42 mm; In step 5, the specific process of the multi-pass cold drawing and diameter reduction wire drawing die is as follows: the wires pass through drawing dies with diameters of 2.0mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.7mm, 1.6mm, 1.5mm, and 1.42mm in sequence. Step 6: Wipe the oil stains on the welding wire with a cotton cloth soaked in acetone or anhydrous ethanol. Finally, straighten the welding wire, coil it into a disc, and seal it in packaging using a wire drawing machine. The welding process of the high-entropy alloy flux-cored welding wire prepared in Example 10 was as follows: Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding was used with a welding current of 170A, a voltage of 15-20V, a welding speed of 15cm / min, and pure argon as the shielding gas. During welding, the arc was stable, the weld bead was aesthetically pleasing, and free of porosity, cracks, inclusions, and oxidation defects. The resulting high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coating, under the selected parameters of a motor frequency of 6.25Hz, a load of 15N, a rotation speed of 180r / min, and 40min of friction, with the wear layer made of quenched 45 steel, showed a wear amount of 1.6mg. In the microhardness test, the maximum hardness reached 585HV0.5, which is 1.71 times higher than the base material, demonstrating excellent wear resistance and meeting the application requirements.

[0043] Metallographic observation was performed on the cladding layer obtained in Example 9, such as... Figure 1As shown in the figure, near the weld fusion line, due to the base metal, the cooling rate is faster, the atomic diffusion rate is suppressed, carbide segregation is reduced, a supersaturated solid solution matrix is ​​formed, and many fine grains are generated, achieving a fine-grain strengthening effect. Furthermore, the cladding layer is tightly bonded to the base metal. Significant elemental segregation is observed near the fusion line, with no defects such as porosity or cracks. In the middle of the cladding layer, due to the slower cooling rate and the inability of Ti and Ta to migrate long distances during solidification, they accumulate within the dendrites. Metallographic images show some columnar crystals pointing towards the top of the cladding layer. Simultaneously, the increased grain boundary area and decreased grain boundary distance increase the resistance to dislocation movement.

[0044] In the cladding layer obtained in Example 10, such as Figure 2 As shown, numerous equiaxed grains were observed at the top of the cladding layer, and these grains gradually became smaller. Simultaneously, many secondary crystals were generated on the dendrites. Due to contact with air, the top and edge regions of the cladding layer, along with Co and Ni, enhanced its corrosion resistance and wear resistance, achieving the expected engineering mechanical properties. Microscopic imaging revealed that the cladding layer was free of pores and tightly bonded to the base material, thus also improving the properties of the base material.

Claims

1. A high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire, characterized in that, Includes a flux core and a solder pad; the flux core consists of the following components Composition: Ti: 25%-30%, Ta: 20%-25%, Al: 20%-23%, Mn: 20%-23%, Y: 5%-15%, the sum of the atomic percentages of the above components is 100%; the solder skin is FeCoNi strip, and the solder skin is composed of the following components Composition: Cr: 0.006%, Cu: 0.011%, C: 0.1%, Co: 17.31%, Ni: 29.08%, Si: 1%, Fe is the balance.

2. The high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flux-cored wire has a flux filling amount of 35wt%-45wt%.

3. A method for preparing high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire, characterized in that, The high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire according to claim 2 includes the following steps: Step 1: Clean the FeCoNi tape; Step 2: Convert the atomic percentage to the mass percentage, weigh each metal powder and grind them to obtain a mixed powder; Step 3: Heat the mixed powder and then mix it evenly to obtain the core powder; Step 4: Wrap the flux powder inside the FeCoNi tape and close it to obtain a semi-finished welding wire of the required diameter; Step 5: The welding wire semi-finished product is cold-drawn and reduced in diameter through multiple passes to obtain the welding wire of the required diameter; Step 6: Wipe the oil off the surface of the welding wire, straighten it, coil it, and package it to obtain a high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire.

4. The method for preparing the high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cleaning process in step 1 involves the following steps in sequence: cleaning with a mixture of NaOH and acetone, cleaning with water, and ultrasonic cleaning with a mixture of HF and HNO3.

5. The method for preparing the high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, The NaOH and acetone mixture contains 20%-30% NaOH and 70%-80% acetone by mass; the HF and HNO3 mixture contains 8%-12% HF and 28%-32% HNO3 by mass.

6. The method for preparing the high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ultrasonic cleaning time is 2-3 minutes, and the frequency is 25-30 kHz.

7. The method for preparing the high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step 2 specifically involves: placing each metal powder into a planetary ball mill for grinding, and then using a sieve to screen the powder so that the particle size of each raw material powder is no greater than 119 μm.

8. The method for preparing the high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step 3 specifically involves heating the mixed powder obtained in step 2, then placing the heated raw material powder into a mixer for dry mixing until the powder is fully mixed to obtain the core powder.

9. The method for preparing the high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific steps for wiping the oil stains on the surface of the welding wire in step 6 are as follows: use a cotton cloth soaked in anhydrous ethanol or acetone to wipe the oil stains on the surface of the welding wire.

10. The application of the high-entropy alloy wear-resistant coated flux-cored welding wire according to claim 2 in the field of new nuclear power turbine blades.

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