A liquid cooling plate flow channel structure based on a hilbert curve

Abstract

This invention discloses a liquid-cooled plate flow channel structure based on Hilbert curves, belonging to the field of power battery thermal management technology. It mainly involves a coolant flow channel network composed of multiple flow channel units. The coolant flow channel network includes multiple integrated main channels, each consisting of multiple flow channel units connected in series. Each flow channel unit includes a unit inlet end, a Hilbert curve flow channel, and a unit outlet end. The liquid-cooled plate has inlets on both sides of its long side and outlets on both sides of its short side, forming intersecting transverse flow channels. This invention utilizes the self-similarity and high spatial coverage of the Hilbert curve to achieve near-full coverage flow of the coolant, expanding the heat dissipation area. Furthermore, it enhances heat transfer through continuous turns and flow channel contraction-expansion, significantly improving temperature uniformity and heat dissipation efficiency, and solving problems such as localized overheating in traditional straight channels or serpentine flow channels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power battery thermal management technology, specifically involving a liquid cooling plate flow channel structure design based on Hilbert curves. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries have become the main power source due to their high energy density and long cycle life, but their performance is highly sensitive to temperature. Existing liquid-cooled plate channels (such as serpentine channels, parallel straight channels, and biomimetic channels) still face challenges in balancing temperature uniformity, flow resistance, and space constraints. Serpentine channels are prone to generating local hot spots, while conventional parallel channels often sacrifice heat transfer capacity to reduce flow resistance, making it difficult to simultaneously optimize cooling efficiency and temperature uniformity in a compact space.

[0003] The optimal operating temperature range for power batteries is 25-40℃. Temperatures that are too high or too low will severely impact battery performance: when the temperature exceeds 45℃, battery capacity decays rapidly, and cycle life is significantly shortened. For every 5℃ increase in temperature, cycle life is reduced by approximately 40%, and thermal runaway may occur, leading to fires, explosions, and other safety accidents. When the temperature is below 0℃, battery activity decreases, charging and discharging efficiency drops drastically, and charging may even fail. Especially in extreme low-temperature environments, traditional heating methods are energy-intensive, further reducing the vehicle's range by 15%-20%. As new energy vehicles iterate towards higher energy density, high-rate fast charging, 800V high-voltage platforms, and fully intelligent driving, the energy density of mainstream passenger vehicle battery cells has generally reached 250-300Wh / kg. High-rate fast charging technology is evolving from 3C to 5C and above. The heat generated by power batteries during charging and discharging increases exponentially, placing higher demands on the heat exchange efficiency, temperature control accuracy, structural reliability, and adaptability of liquid cooling plates. Traditional liquid cooling plates can no longer meet the current technological development needs.

[0004] Therefore, designing a novel flow channel within a limited space to meet the heat dissipation requirements of batteries under high-rate charging and discharging conditions while reducing the flow channel pressure drop to a certain extent is an important prerequisite for the further promotion and application of liquid cooling technology in the field of battery cooling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to design a liquid cooling plate flow channel structure based on the Hilbert curve to improve the heat transfer performance and flow performance of the liquid cooling plate.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: A further improvement of the present invention is that a coolant flow channel network is provided inside the liquid cooling plate substrate, the coolant flow channel network includes multiple flow channel units, and the flow channel trajectory of the flow channel unit is a Hilbert curve structure. A further improvement of the present invention is that the flow channel unit includes a unit inlet end, a Hilbert curve flow channel, and a unit outlet end; A further improvement of the present invention is that the liquid cooling plate substrate is further provided with a first liquid inlet and a second liquid inlet, which are respectively arranged on the two long sides of the liquid cooling plate, and a first liquid outlet and a second liquid outlet, which are respectively arranged on the two short sides of the liquid cooling plate. The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are arranged on opposite sides to form a cross flow channel. A further improvement of the present invention is that the coolant flow channel network includes 8 sets of integrated main channels, each set of integrated main channels is composed of 3 flow channel units connected in series; A further improvement of the present invention is that the cross-section of the flow channel unit is rectangular, and the width of the flow channel is uniformly set to 7mm. The short side of the rectangle is arranged perpendicular to the heat dissipation surface, and the cross-sectional size is preferably 3mm×7mm.

[0007] The present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention designs a Hilbert curve flow channel inside the liquid cooling plate, utilizing the self-similarity and high spatial coverage of the Hilbert curve to achieve near "full coverage" flow of the coolant within a limited space. By using the Hilbert space-filling curve as the center line of the flow channel, a continuous, uniform, and dead-zone-free coolant flow path is constructed, expanding the heat dissipation area. At the same time, continuous 90° turns and periodic flow channel contraction-expansion enhance the thermal interaction between the fluid and the wall, thereby improving the temperature uniformity and heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate and effectively avoiding problems such as flow short-circuiting and local overheating in traditional straight channels or serpentine flow channels. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present invention and an enlarged schematic diagram of a partial flow channel unit.

[0009] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0010] In the figure: 1-Liquid cooling plate substrate; 2-Coolant flow channel network; 3-Flow channel unit; 4-Unit inlet end; 5-Hilbert curve flow channel; 6-Unit outlet end; 7-First inlet; 8-Second inlet; 9-First outlet; 10-Second outlet; 11-Integrated main flow channel. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a liquid cooling plate flow channel structure based on the Hilbert curve is provided with a first liquid inlet (7) and a second liquid inlet (8) at the center of the upper and lower long sides of the liquid cooling plate substrate (1); and a first liquid outlet (9) and a second liquid outlet (10) are provided on the left and right short sides, respectively. The liquid cooling plate substrate (1) is internally distributed with a coolant flow channel network (2) composed of flow channel units (3). Specifically, the coolant flow channel network (2) includes 8 sets of integrated main channels (11), each set of integrated main channels (11) is composed of 3 flow channel units (3) connected in series. The coolant flows in from the unit inlet end (4), undergoes continuous right-angle collisions and local acceleration inside the Hilbert curve flow channel (5), and finally flows out from the unit outlet end (6). In order to balance pressure drop and heat exchange, the channel width is uniformly set to 7 mm, and the cross-sectional dimensions are 3 mm × 7 mm rectangles.

[0013] The liquid-cooled plate flow channel structure of the present invention is not limited to the example shown in the figure, and can be modified in many ways, such as by changing the shape and size of the flow channel. All modifications that can be directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid cooling plate runner structure based on Hilbert curve, comprising a liquid cooling plate base body (1), characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate substrate (1) is provided with a coolant flow channel network (2), which includes multiple flow channel units (3), and the flow channel trajectory of the flow channel unit (3) is a Hilbert curve structure.

2. The liquid cold plate flow channel structure based on a Hilbert curve of claim 1, wherein: The flow channel unit (3) includes the unit inlet end (4), the Hilbert curve flow channel (5), and the unit outlet end (6).

3. The liquid cooling plate flow channel structure based on the Hilbert curve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate substrate (1) is also provided with a first liquid inlet (7) and a second liquid inlet (8), which are respectively arranged on the two long sides of the liquid cooling plate. It is also provided with a first liquid outlet (9) and a second liquid outlet (10), which are respectively arranged on the two short sides of the liquid cooling plate. The liquid inlets and outlets are arranged on opposite sides to form a cross flow channel.

4. The liquid cooling plate flow channel structure based on the Hilbert curve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coolant flow channel network (2) includes 8 sets of integrated main flow channels (11), each set of integrated main flow channels (11) is composed of 3 flow channel units (3) connected in series.

5. The liquid cooling plate flow channel structure based on the Hilbert curve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the flow channel unit (3) is rectangular, and the width of the flow channel is uniformly set to 7mm. The short side of the rectangle is arranged perpendicular to the heat dissipation surface, and the cross-sectional size is preferably 3mm×7mm.

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