A vehicle refrigeration unit and its refrigeration system

Abstract

This application discloses a vehicle refrigeration unit and its refrigeration system, belonging to the related technical field of vehicle refrigeration units. It includes an installation frame with a housing and an inner housing detachably mounted on both sides. An air outlet assembly is located at the top of the inner housing, and the assembly includes a vertically structured mounting plate. External and internal air outlets are respectively located on the two sides of the vertically arranged mounting plate. The beneficial effects of this application are: the refrigerant from the condenser is directly split. During this splitting, one path is throttled and cooled by a throttling device before entering the economizer, while the other path, the un-throttled mainstream refrigerant, enters the economizer. The two refrigerants undergo sufficient heat exchange within the economizer. The throttled, low-temperature refrigerant can more effectively absorb heat from the mainstream refrigerant, thereby significantly increasing the subcooling of the mainstream refrigerant. This results in a lower dryness and higher liquid ratio of the refrigerant entering the evaporator, leading to a higher cooling capacity per unit mass of refrigerant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle refrigeration unit technology, and in particular to a vehicle refrigeration unit and its refrigeration system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the cold chain logistics industry, refrigerated trucks are playing an increasingly prominent role in the transportation of fresh food, pharmaceuticals, and other goods. As the core refrigeration equipment of refrigerated trucks, the operating efficiency, defrosting performance, and cargo protection capabilities of the refrigeration unit directly affect transportation quality and energy consumption levels. In existing refrigeration units on the market, the refrigeration cycle system operates as follows: the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor is condensed by the condenser and then enters the economizer. A flow splitting structure is set after the economizer. Part of the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the throttling device and then enters the evaporator to absorb heat and cool, while the other part of the refrigerant directly enters the economizer to participate in heat exchange. In this process, because the flow splitting point is after the economizer, this design will limit the flow of refrigerant participating in heat exchange in the economizer, resulting in the economizer's internal heat exchange efficiency not being fully utilized. This limits the increase in the refrigerant's subcooling, and insufficient subcooling will reduce the unit cooling capacity of the refrigeration system. Furthermore, existing defrosting modes mostly use high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor, which is throttled by an electronic expansion valve and directly introduced into the evaporator for hot gas defrosting. The condensate produced during defrosting drips from the evaporator surface into a drip tray and is discharged outside the vehicle through a drain pipe. When the ambient temperature is low, especially in winter or cold regions, the bends in the drain pipe are prone to freezing and blockage due to localized low temperatures, leading to poor drainage, affecting the normal operation of the unit and the hygiene of the vehicle compartment. During defrosting, the evaporator changes from absorbing heat to releasing heat, becoming a heat source. However, existing refrigeration units typically only have one air outlet facing the interior of the vehicle compartment. During defrosting, to ensure the defrosting effect, the evaporator fan is sometimes kept off. However, even when the evaporator fan is off, hot air will inevitably blow into the cargo inside the compartment through various gaps. If the defrosting time is long, the continuous hot air will cause the cargo temperature to rise abnormally. This is especially true for temperature-sensitive fresh, frozen foods or medicines, which may be at risk of spoilage or damage. After the defrosting is completed and the refrigeration mode is switched back, the refrigeration mode not only has to consume cooling energy to neutralize the heat accumulated in the evaporator and the compartment, but also has to remove the heat absorbed by the cargo. This will result in a very high energy consumption for the entire system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One of the objectives of this application is to address the problems of low refrigeration efficiency and obstructed condensate flow during defrosting in current refrigeration units on the market, which can significantly interfere with goods. This application provides a vehicle refrigeration unit and its refrigeration system.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a vehicle refrigeration unit and its refrigeration system, including a mounting frame, with an outer shell and an inner shell of the equipment respectively detachably mounted on both sides of the mounting frame. An air outlet assembly is provided at the top of the inner shell, and the air outlet assembly includes a vertically structured mounting plate. An external air outlet and an internal air outlet are respectively provided on the two sides of the vertically arranged mounting plate. The external air outlet is used for external air supply during defrosting, and the internal air outlet is used for internal air supply during refrigeration. A refrigeration assembly is provided inside the mounting frame for refrigeration.

[0005] Preferably, the mounting plate on the air outlet assembly is detachable from the inner shell of the equipment. The external air outlet is horizontally arranged, and the internal air outlet is vertically arranged. A switching mechanism is provided between the external air outlet and the internal air outlet to control the opening and closing of the external air outlet and the internal air outlet.

[0006] Preferably, the exterior air outlet includes equally spaced outer fan blades, and each outer fan blade has an outer fan blade gear coaxially connected to both sides. The interior air outlet includes equally spaced inner fan blades, and each inner fan blade has an inner fan blade gear coaxially connected to both sides.

[0007] Preferably, the mounting frame includes an outer frame, a middle connecting plate, and an inner frame. The outer frame and the inner frame are respectively provided on both sides of the middle connecting plate. An equipment shell is provided on the outside of the outer frame. The inner frame includes two symmetrically arranged side plates, and an inner shell of the equipment is provided on the outside of the two symmetrically arranged side plates.

[0008] Preferably, the refrigeration assembly includes a condenser, a compressor, a power supply box, an economizer, an evaporator fan, an evaporator core, a condenser fan, and a piping system. The top of the outer frame is provided with an inclined condenser, and the condenser fan is provided on the rear side of the condenser. The compressor is provided in the middle of the outer frame, and the power supply box and economizer are provided on both sides of the compressor, respectively. The evaporator fan and evaporator core are provided inside the inner frame, and the evaporator fan and evaporator core are inclined. The condenser, compressor, economizer, and evaporator core are connected by a piping system.

[0009] Preferably, a water receiving tray is provided below the evaporator core, and the water receiving tray is located below the two side plates of the inner frame. A water inlet pipe is provided on the outer side of the water receiving tray and connected to a water outlet pipe. The outer wall of the water outlet pipe is provided with reserved threaded grooves at equal intervals.

[0010] Preferably, the switching mechanism includes a transverse rack, a longitudinal rack, a drive gear, and a servo motor. The transverse rack and the longitudinal rack are arranged perpendicularly to each other, and a drive gear is provided at their intersection point. One side of the drive gear is connected to the servo motor. An outer fan-blade gear is provided at the bottom of the transverse rack and meshes with the bottom of the transverse rack. An inner fan-blade gear is provided on the outer side of the longitudinal rack and meshes with the longitudinal rack. The intersection of the transverse rack and the longitudinal rack meshes with the drive gear.

[0011] This invention provides another technical solution: a refrigeration system for a vehicle refrigeration unit, specifically including a refrigeration mode and a defrosting mode. The refrigeration mode includes the following steps: Step 1: The first shut-off valve on the first pipe at the top of the compressor is opened, and the second shut-off valve on the fourth pipe is closed, so that the refrigerant compressed by the compressor can enter the interior of the condenser through the first pipe. Then, it is discharged through the condenser and splits into two paths: one path goes directly into the interior of the economizer, and the other path goes into the interior of the economizer through the throttling device. Step two: After heat exchange in the economizer, the refrigerant is subcooled and then throttled by the electronic expansion valve on the second pipe before entering the evaporator core for evaporation and heat absorption, thus completing the refrigeration work. Afterward, it reaches the compressor for compression. After heat exchange in another path, it enters the compressor's medium-pressure chamber directly through the third pipe for compressor cooling.

[0012] Preferably, the defrosting mode is as follows: the first shut-off valve on the first pipe at the top of the compressor is closed, and the second shut-off valve on the fourth pipe is opened, so that the refrigerant compressed by the compressor can directly reach the second pipe through the fourth pipe, and then reach the interior of the evaporator through the electronic expansion valve to release heat. With the low-speed rotation of the evaporator fan, convection is achieved, and the defrosting work can be completed.

[0013] Preferably, the middle part of the third pipe is configured as a spiral structure, and its spiral structure engages with the threaded groove reserved on the outer wall of the outlet pipe.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: (1) The refrigerant coming out of the condenser is directly split. During the split, one path is throttled and cooled by the throttling device before entering the economizer, while the other path, the mainstream refrigerant, enters the economizer without throttling. The two refrigerants exchange heat fully in the economizer. The low-temperature refrigerant after throttling can more effectively absorb the heat of the mainstream refrigerant, thereby significantly increasing the subcooling of the mainstream refrigerant. This results in a lower dryness and a higher liquid ratio of the refrigerant entering the evaporator, and a higher cooling capacity per unit mass of refrigerant.

[0015] (2) After the refrigerant is discharged after heat exchange by the economizer, it reaches the interior of the third pipe. The middle of the third pipe is designed with a spiral structure, and the spiral structure is tightly wrapped around the outside of the water outlet pipe outside the water receiving pan. Therefore, the heat inside the third pipe will be transferred to the water outlet pipe, so the water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe outside the water receiving pan can be continuously heated. This can effectively suppress the problem of ice formation on the inner wall of the water outlet pipe and water inlet pipe, ensure the smooth discharge of condensate, eliminate the need for additional electric heating elements, and will not increase energy consumption and cost, thereby improving the reliability of the unit in cold environments.

[0016] (3) In defrosting mode, the evaporator fan is controlled to operate in a low-disturbance, low-speed mode, and the outside air vent is opened while the inside air vent is closed. The heat generated by the evaporator is efficiently discharged outside the vehicle through the outside air vent. Compared with the traditional method of completely shutting down the evaporator fan, the low-speed operation of the evaporator fan can form a weak forced convection, which promotes the flow of hot air on the surface and inside the evaporator core towards the outside air vent, thereby accelerating the uniform melting of the frost layer and improving the defrosting efficiency. At the same time, due to the extremely low wind speed, hot air will hardly seep into the passenger compartment through equipment gaps or return air channels. Internally, the impact on cargo temperature is negligible. Furthermore, the energy consumption increased by the low-speed operation of the evaporator fan is only in the tens to hundreds of watts range, far lower than the additional cooling capacity and power consumption consumed by the compressor after defrosting to neutralize the heat accumulation in the evaporator body, equipment shell, and cavity. Significant defrosting efficiency is achieved with minimal auxiliary power consumption. During the process, not only is the defrosting effect not weakened, but the ineffective accumulation of heat in the evaporator cavity is also avoided, making the defrosting process more thorough and uniform, and further shortening the cooling recovery time, thus optimizing the overall system energy efficiency ratio. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the mounting frame and cooling components of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a side view of the mounting frame and cooling components of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the cooling component of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a side view of the cooling component of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the refrigeration component of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the water receiving tray, water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the inner shell and the air outlet assembly of the device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the air outlet component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure connecting the air outlet component and the switching component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a partially enlarged front view schematic diagram of the switching component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a bottom view of the connection structure between the air outlet component and the switching component of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 14 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the connection between the transverse rack and the external fan blade gear of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 15 This is a flowchart of the operation of the refrigeration system of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Equipment outer shell; 2. Equipment inner shell; 3. Air outlet assembly; 31. Outer air vent; 311. Outer fan blade; 312. Outer fan blade gear; 32. Inner air outlet; 321. Inner fan blade; 322. Inner fan blade gear; 4. Mounting frame; 41. Outer frame; 42. Intermediate connecting plate; 43. Inner frame; 5. Condenser; 6. Compressor; 7. Power supply box; 8. Economizer; 9. Evaporator fan; 10. Evaporator core; 11. Condenser fan; 12. Water tray; 13. Water inlet pipe; 14. Water outlet pipe; 15. Piping system; 16. Switching mechanism; 161. Horizontal rack; 162. Vertical rack; 163. Drive gear; 164. Servo motor. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0034] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., which indicate the orientation and positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of this application.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. Example 1

[0036] One preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figures 1 to 15 As shown, a vehicle refrigeration unit and its refrigeration system include a mounting frame 4. An outer shell 1 and an inner shell 2 are respectively detachably installed on both sides of the mounting frame 4. An air outlet assembly 3 is provided at the top of the inner shell 2, and the air outlet assembly 3 includes a vertically structured mounting plate. An outer air outlet 31 and an inner air outlet 32 ​​are respectively provided on the two sides of the vertically arranged mounting plate. The outer air outlet 31 is used for outward air during defrosting, and the inner air outlet 32 ​​is used for inward air during refrigeration. A refrigeration assembly is provided inside the mounting frame 4 for refrigeration.

[0037] This application provides a refrigeration unit with an external air outlet 31 and an internal air outlet 32. Specifically, during operation, according to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the entire refrigeration unit is installed between the refrigeration unit and the truck compartment. During installation, the outer casing 1 of the control equipment is located outside the truck compartment, and the inner casing 2 of the equipment is located inside the truck compartment. Then, the power supply of the entire equipment is turned on, and the refrigeration components on the mounting frame 4 begin refrigeration. During refrigeration, cold air is discharged through the inner air outlet 32 ​​on the surface of the air outlet component 3 of the inner casing 2, cooling the interior of the truck compartment. When the refrigeration components are defrosting, it is only necessary to close the inner air outlet 32 ​​and open the outer air outlet 31. Therefore, the heat generated during the defrosting process will be discharged to the outside of the truck compartment through the outer air outlet 31, thereby reducing the impact on the goods inside the truck compartment. Example 2

[0038] This embodiment further improves upon Embodiment 1 by specifically designing a switching mechanism 16 to control the opening and closing states of the external air outlet 31 and the internal air outlet 32. (Refer to...) Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the mounting plate on the air outlet assembly 3 is detachable from the inner shell 2 of the equipment. The external air outlet 31 is horizontally arranged, and the internal air outlet 32 ​​is vertically arranged. A switching mechanism 16 is provided between the external air outlet 31 and the internal air outlet 32. The switching mechanism 16 controls the opening and closing of the external air outlet 31 and the internal air outlet 32.

[0039] The exterior air outlet 31 includes external fan blades 311 arranged at equal intervals, and external fan blade gears 312 are coaxially connected to both sides of each external fan blade 311. The interior air outlet 32 ​​includes internal fan blades 321 arranged at equal intervals, and internal fan blade gears 322 are coaxially connected to both sides of each internal fan blade 321.

[0040] The switching mechanism 16 includes a transverse rack 161, a longitudinal rack 162, a drive gear 163, and a servo motor 164. The transverse rack 161 and the longitudinal rack 162 are arranged vertically, and the drive gear 163 is provided at the top of their intersection. One side of the drive gear 163 is connected to the servo motor 164. An outer fan-blade gear 312 is provided at the bottom of the transverse rack 161, and the outer fan-blade gear 312 meshes with the bottom of the transverse rack 161. An inner fan-blade gear 322 is provided on the outer side of the longitudinal rack 162, and the inner fan-blade gear 322 meshes with the longitudinal rack 162. The intersection of the transverse rack 161 and the longitudinal rack 162 meshes with the drive gear 163.

[0041] Specifically, during control switching, the external control system sends a start command to the servo motor 164 on the switching mechanism 16, causing it to drive the drive gear 163 at its top to rotate. When the drive gear 163 rotates, it meshes with the transverse rack 161 and longitudinal rack 162 on its outside, which in turn causes the transverse rack 161 and longitudinal rack 162 to mesh with the outer fan blade gear 312 and inner fan blade gear 322 on their outer sides, respectively. The rotation of the outer fan blade gear 312 and inner fan blade gear 322 simultaneously drives the outer fan blade 311 and inner fan blade 321, which are coaxially connected to each other, to rotate. Since the outer fan blade 311 and inner fan blade 321 are initially in a closed state and the inner fan blade 321 is in an open state, even when they rotate simultaneously, they will still maintain a closed and open state. This avoids errors caused by human error or program mistakes and ensures the safety and reliability of the entire system operation.

[0042] In this application, the switching mechanism 16 is provided with an external mounting cover. The mounting cover allows the switching mechanism 16, the external air outlet 31, and the internal air outlet 32 ​​to be installed with the mounting plate, facilitating subsequent maintenance and disassembly.

[0043] Furthermore, according to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the mounting frame 4 includes an outer frame 41, a middle connecting plate 42, and an inner frame 43. The outer frame 41 and the inner frame 43 are respectively provided on both sides of the middle connecting plate 42. The equipment shell 1 is provided outside the outer frame 41. The inner frame 43 includes two symmetrically arranged side plates. The equipment inner shell 2 is provided outside the two symmetrically arranged side plates.

[0044] The refrigeration components can be installed using the outer frame 41 and the inner frame 43, and then sealed using the outer casing 1 and the inner casing 2. Example 3

[0045] The specific cooling principle is as follows: Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the refrigeration assembly includes a condenser 5, a compressor 6, a power supply box 7, an economizer 8, an evaporator fan 9, an evaporator core 10, a condenser fan 11, and a piping system 15. The top of the outer frame 41 is provided with an inclined condenser 5, and the condenser fan 11 is provided on the rear side of the condenser 5. The compressor 6 is provided in the middle of the outer frame 41, and the power supply box 7 and the economizer 8 are provided on both sides of the compressor 6, respectively. The evaporator fan 9 and the evaporator core 10 are provided inside the inner frame 43, and the evaporator fan 9 and the evaporator core 10 are inclined. The condenser 5, compressor 6, economizer 8, and evaporator core 10 are connected by the piping system 15. The inclined condenser 5 is conducive to the drainage of condensate.

[0046] A water receiving tray 12 is provided below the evaporator core 10, and the water receiving tray 12 is located below the two side plates of the inner frame 43. A water inlet pipe 13 is provided on the outside of the water receiving tray 12 and connected to the water outlet pipe 14. The outer wall of the water outlet pipe 14 is provided with reserved threaded grooves at equal intervals.

[0047] Compressor 6 inputs the compressed refrigerant into condenser 5. After condensation by condenser 5 and condenser fan 11, the refrigerant is split. One stream goes directly into the economizer 8, while the other stream is throttled by a throttling device before reaching the economizer 8. The two streams of refrigerant exchange heat in the economizer 8 and are then discharged separately. The throttled refrigerant, after heat exchange in the economizer 8, enters the medium-pressure chamber outside compressor 6 through a pipe to achieve vapor injection and enthalpy increase, while also carrying away some of the heat from the compression process, improving the compressor's operating condition. During this process, the pipe passes through water outlet pipe 14. The heat is transferred to the water outlet pipe 14, reducing the risk of condensate freezing and accumulating in the pipe, and assisting in defrosting after defrosting. The other unthrottled refrigerant, after heat exchange in the economizer 8, becomes colder and enters the pipe with the electronic expansion valve for further cooling. Finally, it reaches the interior of the evaporator core 10. With the design of the evaporator fan 9, cold air is continuously discharged into the interior of the vehicle through the internal air outlet 32, thus completing the cooling work. Finally, the refrigerant inside the evaporator core 10 re-enters the compressor 6 to complete the cycle. Example 4

[0048] This application provides another technical solution: a refrigeration system for a vehicle refrigeration unit, specifically including a refrigeration mode and a defrosting mode. The refrigeration mode includes the following steps: Step 1: The first shut-off valve on the first pipe at the top of the compressor 6 is opened, and the second shut-off valve on the fourth pipe is closed, so that the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 6 can enter the interior of the condenser 5 through the first pipe. Then, it is discharged through the condenser 5 and splits into two paths: one path goes directly into the interior of the economizer 8, and the other path goes into the interior of the economizer 8 through the throttling device. Step two: After heat exchange through the economizer 8, the refrigerant is subcooled and then throttled by the electronic expansion valve on the second pipe before entering the evaporator core 10 for evaporation and heat absorption, thus completing the refrigeration work. Afterward, it reaches the compressor 6 for compression. After heat exchange, it enters the medium-pressure chamber of the compressor 6 directly through the third pipe to cool the compressor 6.

[0049] The defrosting mode is as follows: the first shut-off valve on the first pipe at the top of the compressor 6 is closed, and the second shut-off valve on the fourth pipe is opened, so that the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 6 passes through the fourth pipe and crosses the condenser 5 directly to the second pipe. After passing through the electronic expansion valve, it reaches the interior of the evaporator core 10 to release heat. With the low-speed rotation of the evaporator fan 9, convection is achieved, and the defrosting work can be completed.

[0050] The middle part of the third pipe is configured as a spiral structure, and its spiral structure engages with the threaded groove reserved on the outer wall of the outlet pipe 14.

[0051] Specifically, during defrosting, to ensure smooth drainage of water without affecting the cargo inside the compartment, the second shut-off valve must first be opened while the first shut-off valve is closed. This activates the switching mechanism 16, closing the internal air outlet 32 ​​and opening the external air outlet 31. The refrigerant compressed by the compressor 6 then flows directly through the fourth pipe to the second pipe, passing through the electronic expansion valve to the evaporator core 10 for heat release. During this process, the air blown by the evaporator fan 9 is exhausted to the outside of the compartment through the external air outlet 31, thus preventing any impact on the cargo inside. The water generated during defrosting will fall into the water collection pan 12 for collection, and then be discharged through the water inlet pipe 13 and the water outlet pipe 14. If freezing occurs during the process, the water will accumulate in the water collection pan 12. When the defrosting mode ends and the cooling operation continues, the refrigerant that has been heat-exchanged by the economizer 8 flows inside the second pipe. With the spiral structure on its surface engaging with the threaded groove structure of the water outlet pipe 14, heat will be transferred to the water outlet pipe 14 and the water inlet pipe 13 connected above it to carry out the defrosting work inside both, reducing the risk of condensate freezing and clogging for a long time.

[0052] In this application, the refrigerant discharged from the condenser 5 is split by a diversion device. One path directly enters the high-pressure side of the economizer 8, where the temperature of the subcooled liquid at medium temperature and high pressure is assumed to be 35°C. The other path is throttled and depressurized by a throttling device before entering the low-pressure side of the economizer 8, where the temperature of the medium-pressure gas-liquid mixture is assumed to be 5°C. Due to the temperature difference between the two, bidirectional heat exchange occurs inside the economizer 8. That is, the temperature of the subcooled liquid in the main circuit can drop from 35°C to 20°C, while the medium-pressure gas-liquid mixture in the throttling and depressurization circuit absorbs heat and evaporates, and its temperature can rise from 5°C to 15°C. The above temperatures are merely exemplary operating conditions for ease of understanding and do not constitute a limitation on the actual operating parameters of this application.

[0053] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection claimed by this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vehicle refrigeration unit, characterized in that, The device includes an installation frame (4), on which a device outer shell (1) and a device inner shell (2) are respectively disassembled and installed. An air outlet assembly (3) is provided at the top of the device inner shell (2), and the air outlet assembly (3) includes a vertically structured installation plate. An external air outlet (31) and an internal air outlet (32) are respectively provided on the two sides of the vertically arranged installation plate. The external air outlet (31) is used for external air operation during defrosting, and the internal air outlet (32) is used for internal air operation during refrigeration. A refrigeration assembly is provided inside the installation frame (4) for refrigeration operation.

2. The vehicle refrigeration unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting plate on the air outlet assembly (3) is detachable from the inner shell (2) of the equipment. The external air outlet (31) is horizontally arranged and the internal air outlet (32) is vertically arranged. A switching mechanism (16) is provided between the external air outlet (31) and the internal air outlet (32). The switching mechanism (16) controls the opening and closing of the external air outlet (31) and the internal air outlet (32).

3. A vehicle refrigeration unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The exterior air outlet (31) includes external fan blades (311) arranged at equal intervals inside, and external fan blade gears (312) are coaxially connected to both sides of each external fan blade (311). The interior air outlet (32) includes internal fan blades (321) arranged at equal intervals inside, and internal fan blade gears (322) are coaxially connected to both sides of each internal fan blade (321).

4. A vehicle refrigeration unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting frame (4) includes an outer frame (41), a middle connecting plate (42) and an inner frame (43). The outer frame (41) and the inner frame (43) are respectively provided on both sides of the middle connecting plate (42). The outer shell (1) is provided on the outside of the outer frame (41). The inner frame (43) includes two symmetrically arranged side plates. The inner shell (2) is provided on the outside of the two symmetrically arranged side plates.

5. A vehicle refrigeration unit as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The refrigeration components include a condenser (5), a compressor (6), a power supply box (7), an economizer (8), an evaporator fan (9), an evaporator core (10), a condenser fan (11), and a piping system (15). The top of the outer frame (41) is provided with an inclined condenser (5), and the rear side of the condenser (5) is provided with a condenser fan (11). The middle of the outer frame (41) is provided with a compressor (6), and the sides of the compressor (6) are respectively provided with a power supply box (7) and an economizer (8). The inside of the inner frame (43) is provided with an evaporator fan (9) and an evaporator core (10), and the evaporator fan (9) and the evaporator core (10) are inclined. The condenser (5), the compressor (6), the economizer (8), and the evaporator core (10) are connected by the piping system (15).

6. A vehicle refrigeration unit as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A water receiving tray (12) is provided below the evaporator core (10), and the water receiving tray (12) is located below the side plates on both sides of the inner frame (43). A water inlet pipe (13) is provided on the outside of the water receiving tray (12) and connected to the water outlet pipe (14). The outer wall of the water outlet pipe (14) is provided with reserved threaded grooves at equal intervals.

7. A vehicle refrigeration unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The switching mechanism (16) includes a transverse rack (161), a longitudinal rack (162), a drive gear (163), and a servo motor (164). The transverse rack (161) and the longitudinal rack (162) are arranged vertically, and a drive gear (163) is provided at the top of their intersection. One side of the drive gear (163) is connected to the servo motor (164). An outer fan-blade gear (312) is provided at the bottom of the transverse rack (161), and the outer fan-blade gear (312) meshes with the bottom of the transverse rack (161). An inner fan-blade gear (322) is provided on the outer side of the longitudinal rack (162), and the inner fan-blade gear (322) meshes with the longitudinal rack (162). The intersection of the transverse rack (161) and the longitudinal rack (162) meshes with the drive gear (163).

8. A refrigeration system for a vehicle refrigeration unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, it includes a cooling mode and a defrosting mode. The cooling mode includes the following steps: Step 1: The first shut-off valve on the first pipe at the top of the compressor (6) is opened, and the second shut-off valve on the fourth pipe is closed, so that the refrigerant compressed by the compressor (6) can enter the interior of the condenser (5) through the first pipe. Then, it is discharged through the condenser (5) and splits into two paths: one path directly enters the interior of the economizer (8), and the other path enters the interior of the economizer (8) through the throttling device. Step 2: After the refrigerant is cooled by the economizer (8), it passes through the electronic expansion valve on the second pipe and enters the evaporator core (10) to evaporate and absorb heat, thus completing the refrigeration work. Then, it reaches the compressor (6) for compression. After the other refrigerant is cooled, it enters the medium-pressure chamber of the compressor (6) through the third pipe to cool the compressor (6).

9. The refrigeration system of a vehicle refrigeration unit as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The defrosting mode is as follows: the first shut-off valve on the first pipe at the top of the compressor (6) is closed, and the second shut-off valve on the fourth pipe is opened, so that the refrigerant compressed by the compressor (6) can directly reach the second pipe through the fourth pipe, and reach the interior of the evaporator through the electronic expansion valve to release heat. With the low-speed rotation of the evaporator fan (9), convection is achieved, and the defrosting work can be completed.

10. The refrigeration system of a vehicle refrigeration unit as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The middle part of the third pipe is set as a spiral structure, and its spiral structure is engaged with the threaded groove reserved on the outer wall of the water outlet pipe (14).

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