Low-nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of combustors, and particularly relates to a low-nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier combustor, which is characterized by comprising an upper combustor, a cylindrical combustion chamber and a lower combustor, the upper combustor comprises an upper volute, a fuel gas assembly, a flame detection assembly, a fire observation assembly, a flame detector, an ignition gun, a primary air inlet, a secondary air inlet and an instrument air distributor, the lower combustor comprises a lower volute, a lower volute inner spray, a plurality of cooling pipe water spray holes and an air duct fuel gas spray gun, and the combustion chamber is integrally cooled through a water jacket. And cooling water enters from low position and exits from high position. Overall fuel grading and rich-lean combustion are adopted, the limited space of the upper volute and the lower volute and the cylindrical combustion chamber is fully utilized, the low-nitrogen combustion technology is utilized, reverse jet flow combustion is formed, a center backflow area is formed, the effects of stabilizing flames, prolonging the smoke stroke and guaranteeing sufficient combustion are achieved, and low-concentration emission of NOx and CO is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of burners, in particular to a low-nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner. Background Art

[0002] In the submerged combustion gasifier, the burner is an important component. Its function is to convert gas into high-temperature and high-pressure gas to provide energy for subsequent combustion. However, in practical applications, the burner of the submerged combustion gasifier often has some problems, such as unstable flame and low combustion efficiency. Flame instability is a common problem of the submerged combustion gasifier burner. This is because the temperature and pressure in the gasifier vary greatly, which will lead to a decrease in the stability of the flame. This situation will lead to a decrease in combustion efficiency and will also affect the safe operation of the gasifier. Low combustion efficiency is also a problem of the submerged combustion gasifier burner. Low combustion efficiency will lead to a decrease in the conversion rate of the gasifier, thereby affecting the performance of the gasifier. With the implementation of low-nitrogen environmental protection at the national and local levels, reducing NOx and CO emissions during combustion is also a technical problem that needs to be overcome urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a low-nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier (SCV) burner to reduce the fluctuation of flame, improve the combustion efficiency, and realize low-concentration emission of NOx and CO by utilizing low-nitrogen combustion technology.

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The utility model discloses a low-nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner, which is characterized by comprising an upper burner, a cylindrical combustion chamber and a lower burner.

[0006] The upper burner comprises an upper volute, a gas assembly, a fire detection assembly, a fire viewing assembly, a flame detector, an ignition gun, a primary air inlet, a secondary air inlet and an instrument air distributor. The combustion head of the upper burner is inserted into the combustion chamber.

[0007] The lower burner comprises a lower volute, a spray in the lower volute, several water spray holes in the cooling pipe and a gas spray gun in the air duct.

[0008] The combustion chamber is integrally cooled by a water jacket, and the cooling water enters at a low level and exits at a high level. A plurality of inclined holes are opened on the side wall of the combustion chamber, and the inclined holes include axial spray holes and radial spray holes. A plurality of spiral guide vanes are welded outside the combustion chamber.

[0009] The upper burner is provided with a water mist spray gun.

[0010] The gas assembly comprises an outer ring fuel gas assembly, a middle ring fuel gas assembly and an inner ring fuel gas assembly.

[0011] The outer ring fuel gas assembly includes an outer ring gas spray gun, an outer ring fuel inlet pipe and an outer ring fuel supply pipe group.

[0012] The middle circle fuel gas assembly includes a middle circle fuel supply pipe group,

[0013] The inner circle fuel gas assembly comprises an inner circle fuel inlet pipe and an inner circle fuel supply pipe group.

[0014] The outer ring fuel gas component adopts high-speed jet, and a Venturi tube is adopted outside the outer ring gas spray gun.

[0015] The middle circle fuel supply pipe group is provided with a premixing hole to allow part of the fuel gas to be premixed with the air.

[0016] The fire viewing assembly includes a fire viewing mirror I and a fire viewing mirror II. The fire viewing mirror I extends axially into the combustion chamber along the inner ring fuel and gas assembly, and the fire viewing mirror II extends axially into the combustion chamber along the outer ring fuel and gas assembly to observe the fuel combustion state.

[0017] The flow rate of the axial spray hole is greater than the flow rate of the radial spray hole.

[0018] Advantages of the utility model:

[0019] The low-nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner of the present invention adopts overall fuel grading and rich and thin combustion, fully utilizes the limited space of "upper and lower volutes + cylindrical combustion chamber", utilizes low-nitrogen combustion technology, forms reverse jet combustion, forms a central reflow zone, has a stable flame, extends the flue gas stroke, ensures the effect of full combustion, and achieves low-concentration emissions of NOx and CO. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The specific implementation of the present utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the low-nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner of the utility model is characterized by comprising an upper burner 1, a cylindrical combustion chamber 3 and a lower burner 2.

[0023] The upper burner 1 comprises an upper volute 4, a gas assembly 10, a fire detection assembly 6, a fire viewing assembly 7, a flame detector, an ignition gun, a primary air inlet and a secondary air inlet 8 and an instrument air distributor 9. The combustion head of the upper burner 1 is inserted into the combustion chamber 3.

[0024] The lower burner 2 comprises a lower volute 5, a spray inside the lower volute, several water spray holes in the cooling pipe and a gas spray gun in the air duct.

[0025] The combustion chamber 3 is integrally cooled by a water jacket, and the cooling water enters at a low level and exits at a high level. A plurality of inclined holes are opened on the side wall of the combustion chamber 3, and the inclined holes include axial spray holes and radial spray holes. A plurality of spiral guide vanes are welded outside the combustion chamber 3.

[0026] The upper burner 1 is provided with a water mist spray gun.

[0027] The gas assembly 10 comprises an outer ring fuel gas assembly, a middle ring fuel gas assembly and an inner ring fuel gas assembly.

[0028] The outer ring fuel gas assembly includes an outer ring gas spray gun, an outer ring fuel inlet pipe and an outer ring fuel supply pipe group.

[0029] The middle circle fuel gas assembly includes a middle circle fuel supply pipe group,

[0030] The inner circle fuel gas assembly comprises an inner circle fuel inlet pipe and an inner circle fuel supply pipe group.

[0031] The outer ring fuel gas component adopts high-speed jet, and a Venturi tube is adopted outside the outer ring gas spray gun.

[0032] The middle circle fuel supply pipe group is provided with a premixing hole to allow part of the fuel gas to be premixed with the air.

[0033] The fire viewing assembly 7 includes a fire viewing mirror I and a fire viewing mirror II. The fire viewing mirror I extends axially into the combustion chamber 3 along the inner ring fuel and gas assembly, and the fire viewing mirror II extends axially into the combustion chamber 3 along the outer ring fuel and gas assembly to observe the fuel combustion state.

[0034] The flow rate of the axial spray hole is greater than the flow rate of the radial spray hole.

[0035] Example

[0036] The low-nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier (SCV) burner of the utility model is composed of an upper burner 1, a cylindrical combustion chamber 3, and a lower burner 2. It adopts a structure of upper and lower volutes + cylindrical combustion chambers to form overall fuel grading and rich and thin combustion, and uses low-nitrogen combustion technology to achieve low-concentration emissions of NOx and CO.

[0037] The upper burner 1 is the main burner, which is a high-power burner. It adopts fuel grading + partial premixing technology. The air volume is taken from the main air duct and the flow rate is adjustable. It includes an upper volute 4, a gas component 10, a fire detection component 6, a fire viewing component 7, a flame detector, an ignition gun, a primary air inlet, a secondary air inlet 8 and an instrument air distributor 9. One end of the upper burner 1 is provided with a fire viewing mirror I, a fire viewing mirror II, a fire detection I, a fire detection II, a flame detector and an ignition gun. The shell is a volute structure. The top of the upper volute 4 is respectively provided with a primary air inlet and a secondary air inlet 8. The primary air inlet is used to assist combustion by introducing air; the secondary air inlet is used to cool the combustion chamber wall temperature by introducing air, and at the same time serves as the burnout air of the upper and lower burners. The ignition gun, gas pipeline, water spray gun and sight glass are arranged on the top of the upper burner, and the combustion head of the upper burner 1 is inserted into the combustion chamber 3.

[0038] The upper burner 1 is provided with a water mist spray gun to reduce the generation of NOx in the main burner.

[0039] The upper burner 1 is provided with three circles of fuel supply combustion, including an inner circle, an outer circle and a middle circle, so as to achieve dispersed flame and uniform temperature distribution.

[0040] The outer ring fuel inlet pipe is connected to the fuel supply pipe group to evenly supply fuel to the outer ring fuel supply pipe group and the middle ring fuel supply pipe group; the inner ring fuel inlet pipe is connected to multiple inner ring fuel supply pipe groups to ensure that the fuel can be smoothly and evenly supplied to the corresponding fuel pipe groups.

[0041] The inner circle fuel supply pipe group is responsible for providing a stable ignition source to ignite the fuel gas of the middle circle fuel supply pipe group, forming a "lean fuel and rich air" flame.

[0042] The outer ring gas adopts high-speed jet flow, which has a speed difference with the "lean fuel and rich air" airflow formed by the combustion of the inner and middle ring gases. It cuts into the "lean fuel and rich air" airflow for combustion, consumes excess air, and realizes combustion under a low excess air coefficient (α=1.1). At this time, due to the low excess air coefficient, incomplete combustion may occur, the flame peak temperature is low, the amount of thermal NOx generated is small, and the incompletely burned CO continues to burn in the excess air of the lower burner until it is burned out.

[0043] A premixing hole is opened on the middle circle fuel supply pipe group to allow part of the fuel gas to be premixed with air, which can appropriately increase the combustion speed and shorten the flame length. The air in the middle circle adopts weak swirl to control the flame length.

[0044] A Venturi tube is used on the outside of the outer ring gas spray gun, which can draw in part of the smoke in the combustion chamber and mix it with the gas, diluting the gas concentration and reducing the combustion speed.

[0045] The fire-viewing sight glass I extends into the combustion chamber 3 along the axial direction of the inner ring fuel and gas assembly, and the fire-viewing sight glass II extends into the combustion chamber along the axial direction of the outer ring fuel and gas assembly to observe the fuel combustion state.

[0046] The lower burner is arranged in the lower volute. It is a low-power burner and adopts a fully premixed combustion mode. It uses full premixing under excess air conditions and uses excess air to cool the flame, lower the flame temperature, and reduce the concentration of thermal NOx.

[0047] Arrange the lower volute spray inside the lower volute to increase the spray amount to the local high temperature area and control the generation of NOx.

[0048] A plurality of cooling pipe water spray holes are provided on the cooling coil of the lower burner 2. The number and position of the spray holes cover the entire area of ​​the lower volute and part of the cone combustion chamber. The lower volute can realize all-round water mist spray without dead angles. The coil is designed to ensure sufficient water spray volume and realize circulation with the water bath to ensure the water inlet temperature and water outlet temperature.

[0049] An air duct gas spray gun is arranged in the air duct, and the spray head has axial and radial spray holes.

[0050] The lower volute is the main combustion area. The flow field distribution is uneven and there is turbulence, forming a local high-temperature area. Spray is arranged in the lower volute to increase the spray amount to the local high-temperature area, control the temperature distribution of the lower volute, prevent the occurrence of local high-temperature areas, and control the generation of NOx.

[0051] The combustion chamber 3 is integrally cooled by a water jacket, and the cooling water enters from a low position and exits from a high position. Multiple inclined holes are opened on the side wall of the combustion chamber 3, including axial spray holes and radial spray holes, where the flow rate of the axial spray holes is greater than the flow rate of the radial spray holes, in order to evenly disperse the flame, which is equivalent to the effect of fuel grading. In order to enhance the heat exchange effect, multiple spiral guide vanes are welded outside the combustion chamber to optimize the flow rate of the cooling water.

[0052] The low-nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner of the present invention adopts overall fuel grading and rich and thin combustion, fully utilizes the limited space of "upper and lower volutes + cylindrical combustion chamber", utilizes low-nitrogen combustion technology, forms reverse jet combustion, forms a central reflow zone, has a stable flame, extends the flue gas stroke, ensures the effect of full combustion, and achieves low-concentration emissions of NOx and CO.

Claims

1. A low nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner, characterized in that It includes an upper burner, a cylindrical combustion chamber and a lower burner. The upper burner comprises an upper volute, a gas assembly, a fire detection assembly, a fire viewing assembly, a flame detector, an ignition gun, a primary air inlet, a secondary air inlet and an instrument air distributor. The combustion head of the upper burner is inserted into the combustion chamber. The lower burner comprises a lower volute, a spray in the lower volute, several water spray holes in the cooling pipe and a gas spray gun in the air duct. The combustion chamber is integrally cooled by a water jacket, and the cooling water enters at a low level and exits at a high level. A plurality of inclined holes are opened on the side wall of the combustion chamber, and the inclined holes include axial spray holes and radial spray holes. A plurality of spiral guide vanes are welded outside the combustion chamber.

2. The low nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that The upper burner is provided with a water mist spray gun.

3. The low nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that The gas assembly comprises an outer ring fuel gas assembly, a middle ring fuel gas assembly and an inner ring fuel gas assembly. The outer ring fuel gas assembly includes an outer ring gas spray gun, an outer ring fuel inlet pipe and an outer ring fuel supply pipe group. The middle circle fuel gas assembly includes a middle circle fuel supply pipe group, The inner circle fuel gas assembly comprises an inner circle fuel inlet pipe and an inner circle fuel supply pipe group.

4. The low nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner according to claim 3 is characterized in that The outer ring fuel gas component adopts high-speed jet, and a Venturi tube is adopted outside the outer ring gas spray gun.

5. The low nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner according to claim 3 is characterized in that The middle circle fuel supply pipe group is provided with a premixing hole to allow part of the fuel gas to be premixed with the air.

6. The low nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner according to claim 3, characterized in that The fire viewing assembly includes a fire viewing mirror I and a fire viewing mirror II. The fire viewing mirror I extends axially into the combustion chamber along the inner ring fuel and gas assembly, and the fire viewing mirror II extends axially into the combustion chamber along the outer ring fuel and gas assembly to observe the fuel combustion state.

7. The low nitrogen submerged combustion gasifier burner according to claim 1, characterized in that The flow rate of the axial spray hole is greater than the flow rate of the radial spray hole.

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