Storage battery anode fuse box and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile storage batteries, in particular to a storage battery anode fuse box and a vehicle, and aims to solve the problem that when a storage battery is in a charging state, a DC / DC (Direct Current to Direct Current) / power generator bears all load power consumption and battery charging current of the whole vehicle, and the wiring harness cost is increased due to large total fuse passing current. In order to achieve the purpose, the storage battery anode fuse box comprises a box body and a total fuse, a first interface of the total fuse is connected with a first conducting strip, the first conducting strip is fixed on the box body and used for connecting a first power supply load and a first power supply, and a second interface of the total fuse is connected with a second conducting strip which is fixed on the box body and used for connecting a second power supply load and a second power supply. And the second conducting strip is fixed on the box body and is used for connecting a second power supply load and a second power supply. The load of the whole vehicle is separated, and when the first power supply or the second power supply supplies power, only part of current passes through the main fuse, so that the load current of the main fuse is reduced, the low-voltage power supply safety of the whole vehicle is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile batteries, and specifically provides a battery positive electrode fuse box and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the battery positive pole fuse box is an important protective device connecting the DCDC / generator DC charging line with the battery and all on-board electrical appliances. The fuse box is usually equipped with a fuse for power distribution and circuit protection. When the battery is in the charging state, the DCDC bears the power consumption of all loads of the vehicle and the battery charging current. The overall current flow direction is that the DCDC output current flows to the positive electrode of the battery and the primary total fuse output through the MEGA fuse. The short-time current can reach more than 300A. The MEGA fuse has a large current, and the fuse specification must be increased to prevent the fuse from blowing. After the insurance is enlarged, the adapted DC charging line must also be thickened, otherwise the wire will catch fire and burn before the fuse blows during a short circuit, which leads to a significant increase in the cost of the wiring harness. At the same time, after the MEGA insurance is enlarged, a larger current is required to fuse this insurance when the charging line is short-circuited. This short-circuit current will exceed the current limit of the DCDC and the built-in MOS switch of the battery. In order to protect their respective MOS from being burned, the DCDC and the battery will cut off the MOS output protectively, which will cause the vehicle to lose power at low voltage, affecting driving safety. In addition, when the battery is short-circuited and the MEGA fuse blows, the total power supply to all loads in the vehicle will be cut off, and the DCDC will not be able to serve as a second power source, affecting driving safety.

[0003] In summary, the utility model needs to provide a new battery positive electrode fuse box to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the above technical problems, that is, to solve the problem that when the battery is in the charging state, the DCDC / generator bears the power consumption of all loads of the vehicle and the battery charging current. The total fuse passes a large current. In order to prevent it from blowing, the fuse specifications must be increased, which leads to the need to thicken the adapted DC charging line, resulting in an increase in the cost of the wiring harness. At the same time, after the total fuse is enlarged, a larger current is required to blow the fuse when the charging line is short-circuited. This short-circuit current will exceed the current limit of the DCDC and the built-in MOS switch of the battery. In order to protect their respective MOS from being burned, the DCDC and the battery will protectively cut off the MOS output, which will cause the vehicle to lose power at low voltage, affecting driving safety. In addition, when the battery is short-circuited internally and the total fuse is blown, the total power supply to all loads of the vehicle will be cut off, and the DCDC cannot serve as a second power source, affecting driving safety.

[0005] To this end, in a first aspect, the utility model provides a battery positive fuse box, comprising a box body and a main fuse installed on the box body, a first interface of the main fuse being connected to a first conductive sheet, the first conductive sheet being fixed to the box body and being used to connect a first power supply load and a first power supply, and a second interface of the main fuse being connected to a second conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet being fixed to the box body and being used to connect a second power supply load and a second power supply.

[0006] When adopting the above technical solution, the utility model separates the vehicle load to form a first power supply load and a second power supply load. When the first power supply or the second power supply is supplying power, only part of the current passes through the main fuse, thereby reducing the load current of the main fuse, preventing the risk of power failure of the vehicle or wiring harness and MOS burning, improving the safety of the low-voltage power supply of the vehicle and reducing costs.

[0007] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned battery positive pole fuse box, the battery positive pole fuse box also includes a third conductive sheet, the third conductive sheet is fixed on the box body and connected to the first conductive sheet, and the third conductive sheet is provided with a first power interface for connecting to a first power source.

[0008] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned battery positive pole fuse box, the battery positive pole fuse box also includes a plurality of first fuses, the first fuses are installed on the box body, the first interface of the first fuse is connected to the first conductive sheet, and the second interface of the first fuse is used to connect to a first power supply load.

[0009] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned battery positive electrode fuse box, the battery positive electrode fuse box further includes a plurality of second fuses, the second fuses are mounted on the box body, the first interface of the second fuse is connected to the second conductive sheet, and the second interface of the second fuse is used to connect to a second power supply load; and / or

[0010] The second conductive sheet is provided with a second power interface for connecting to a second power source.

[0011] In a specific embodiment of the above battery positive electrode fuse box, at least one of the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet is provided with a power rescue interface.

[0012] When the above technical solution is adopted, the power rescue interface provided in the utility model reserves a clamping position for the wire pliers when power rescue is needed later, thereby avoiding that the wire pliers have nowhere to clamp during power rescue and the fuse box is damaged due to misoperation.

[0013] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned battery positive pole fuse box, partitions are provided on both sides of the second interfaces of the first fuse and the second fuse, and the partitions are fixed on the box body. An error-proof structure that cooperates with the power supply line terminals of the corresponding power supply load is provided between two adjacent partitions.

[0014] In the specific implementation of the above-mentioned battery positive electrode fuse box, the anti-error structure includes an anti-error rib, the anti-error rib is fixed on the side wall of the partition, and the cavity between two adjacent partitions and the anti-error rib are combined to form an anti-error groove that cooperates with the anti-error clip on the power supply line terminal of the corresponding power supply load; and / or

[0015] The error-proofing structure comprises an installation prompt mark, and the installation prompt mark is arranged on the box body between two adjacent partitions.

[0016] When the above technical solution is adopted, the setting of anti-error grooves and installation prompt signs can help operators identify the installation position of the power supply line terminals of the power supply load, making the installation of the power supply load wiring harness convenient, which is beneficial to improving installation efficiency and avoiding the impact of wiring harness installation errors on use and danger.

[0017] In a specific embodiment of the battery positive electrode fuse box, the first interface of the main fuse and the first interface of the first fuse are both riveted to the first conductive sheet, and the first interface of the second fuse is riveted to the second conductive sheet.

[0018] When the above technical solution is adopted, a riveted connection structure is adopted between the conductive sheet and the fuse, replacing the traditional bolt connection, thereby improving the connection reliability and reducing the cost and weight.

[0019] In a specific implementation of the above battery positive electrode fuse box, the battery positive electrode fuse box further comprises a box cover, and the box cover is detachably connected to the box body.

[0020] In a second aspect, the utility model further provides a vehicle, on which is installed a battery positive electrode fuse box as described in any one of the above technical solutions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the battery positive electrode fuse box provided by the utility model when the box cover is not installed;

[0023] Figure 2 It is the wiring diagram of the battery positive electrode fuse box provided by the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a connection principle diagram of the battery positive electrode fuse box provided by the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the box cover.

[0026] List of reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Box body; 2. First conductive sheet; 3. Main fuse; 4. Second conductive sheet; 5. Third conductive sheet; 6. Power rescue interface; 7. Second fuse; 8. Error-proofing structure; 81. Error-proofing ribs; 82. Installation reminder mark; 9. Partition; 10. Error-proofing slot; 11. First fuse; 12. First power interface; 13. Second power interface; 14. Power supply line terminal; 15. Box cover; 16. Second power supply; 17. First power supply; 18. Second power supply load; 19. First power supply load. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments to them as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0029] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "edge", "inside" and other terms indicating direction or position relationship are based on the direction or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of description, and does not indicate or imply that the relevant device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the ordinal numbers "first", "second" and the like are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] See also Figure 1-3The utility model provides a battery positive pole fuse box, which includes a box body 1 and a main fuse 3 installed on the box body 1, a first interface of the main fuse 3 is connected with a first conductive sheet 2, the first conductive sheet 2 is fixed on the box body 1 and is used to connect a first power supply load 19 and a first power supply 17, a second interface of the main fuse 3 is connected with a second conductive sheet 4, the second conductive sheet 4 is fixed on the box body 1 and is used to connect a second power supply load 18 and a second power supply 16.

[0032] Specifically, see Figure 4 The battery positive electrode fuse box also includes a box cover, which is detachably connected to the box body 1, and covers the main fuse 3, the first conductive sheet 2, and the second conductive sheet 4 to avoid exposure to the outside. The first conductive sheet 2 and the second conductive sheet 4 can be, but are not limited to, conductive copper bars. The first interface of the main fuse 3 is connected to the main fuse 3 by riveting, and the second interface of the main fuse 3 is connected to the second conductive sheet 4 by riveting, but is not limited to riveting, or can be screwed by bolt assemblies.

[0033] In addition, the main fuse 3 can be but is not limited to a MEGA fuse, one of the first power source 17 and the second power source 16 is a battery, and the other is a DCDC / generator. Exemplarily, the first power source 17 is a 12V lithium battery, and the second power source 16 is a DCDC.

[0034] In the above embodiment, when the first power source 17 supplies power, a part of the current directly supplies power to the first power supply load 19, and another part of the current passes through the main fuse 3 to supply power to the second power supply load 18; when the second power source 16 supplies power, a part of the current directly supplies power to the first power supply load 19, and another part of the current passes through the main fuse 3 to supply power to the first power supply load 19, and when the first power source 17 is a battery, the first power source 17 can be charged. In this way, when the first power source 17 or the second power source 16 supplies power, the current passing through the main fuse 3 is reduced.

[0035] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The battery positive electrode fuse box also includes a third conductive sheet 5, which is fixed on the box body 1 and connected to the first conductive sheet 2. The third conductive sheet 5 is provided with a first power interface 12 for connecting to a first power source 17.

[0036] Specifically, the first power interface 12 is a connection hole for connecting with the positive electrode bolt of the battery. Figure 1 and 3 shown.

[0037] In one embodiment, see Figure 1The battery positive electrode fuse box also includes a plurality of first fuses 11 , which are mounted on the box body 1 , wherein a first interface of the first fuse 11 is connected to the first conductive sheet 2 , and a second interface of the first fuse 11 is used to connect to a first power supply load 19 .

[0038] Specifically, the first interface of the first fuse 11 is riveted to the first conductive sheet 2, replacing the traditional screw connection structure, thereby improving the connection reliability and reducing the cost and weight; the second interface of the first fuse 11 is screwed to the power supply line terminal 14 of the first power supply load 19 through a bolt assembly to achieve conduction.

[0039] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The battery positive electrode fuse box also includes a plurality of second fuses 7 , which are mounted on the box body 1 , wherein a first interface of the second fuse 7 is connected to the second conductive sheet 4 , and a second interface of the second fuse 7 is used to connect to a second power supply load 18 .

[0040] Specifically, the first interface of the second fuse 7 is riveted to the second conductive sheet 4, replacing the traditional screw connection structure, thereby improving the connection reliability and reducing the cost and weight; the second interface of the second fuse 7 is screwed to the power supply line terminal 14 of the second power supply load 18 through a bolt assembly to achieve conduction.

[0041] It should be noted that the method of using bolt assemblies for threaded connection is a prior art for those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0042] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The second conductive sheet 4 is provided with a second power interface 13 for connecting the second power source 16. The second power interface 13 can be a bolt, so that the second conductive sheet 4 and the charging line of the second power source 16 are connected and fixed by screw connection. When the second power source 16 is a DC / generator, the charging line of the second power source 16 is a DC charging line.

[0043] In this application, the first power supply 17 is a 12V lithium battery, the second power supply 16 is a DCDC, and the main fuse 3 is a MEGA fuse. When the DC charging line is powered (i.e., DCDC power supply), when the DC charging line is overloaded and short-circuited: ① DCDC will first be overloaded and shut down, and the whole vehicle will be powered by the 12V lithium battery; ② Because the DC charging line is still in an overloaded and short-circuited state at this time, a large current flows out from the 12V lithium battery through the MEGA fuse, which can reach the MEGA fuse fuse current, blow the MEGA fuse, and then the second power supply load 18 is powered off, and the first power supply load 19 maintains power supply to ensure the basic driving function.

[0044] When the 12V lithium battery is powered, if the DC charging line is overloaded and short-circuited, the MEGA fuse is also blown in step ② to keep the load on the battery side powered. If the 12V lithium battery is short-circuited internally, the MOS inside the battery is directly shut down, the battery connection is disconnected, and the DC charging line is responsible for powering the entire vehicle. When the DC charging line is not short-circuited, the total current passing through the MEGA fuse under any operating condition is lower than 80% of the total current of MEGA 200A. The MEGA fuse itself meets the power load requirements and will not be abnormally blown. In the prior art, the current required for the power supply load is passed through the total fuse 3, and the 200A fuse is not enough. It must be replaced with a 300A or larger fuse, which will cause the lithium battery capacity, battery MOS power, and wire diameter to increase. Otherwise, when the DC charging line is short-circuited, the short-circuit point cannot be cut off and a fire will occur, or the vehicle power supply will be automatically shut off for protection and the vehicle will lose power.

[0045] In one embodiment, at least one of the first conductive sheet 2 and the second conductive sheet 4 is provided with an electric rescue interface 6. The electric rescue interface 6 provided in the utility model reserves a clamping position for the wire clamp when electric rescue is needed later, so as to avoid the wire clamp having nowhere to clamp during electric rescue and damaging the fuse box due to misoperation.

[0046] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the power rescue interface 6 is installed on the second conductive sheet 4.

[0047] In one embodiment, partitions 9 are provided on both sides of the second interfaces of the first fuse 11 and the second fuse 7. The partitions 9 are fixed on the box body 1. An error-proofing structure 8 is provided between two adjacent partitions 9 to cooperate with the power supply line terminals 14 of the corresponding power supply load.

[0048] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The error-proofing structure 8 includes an error-proofing rib 81, which is fixed on the side wall of the partition 9. The cavity between two adjacent partitions 9 and the error-proofing rib 81 are combined to form an error-proofing groove 10 that cooperates with the error-proofing clip on the power supply line terminal 14 of the corresponding power supply load. In another embodiment, the error-proofing structure 8 includes an error-proofing rib 81 and an installation prompt mark 82, and the installation prompt mark 82 is set on the box body 1 between two adjacent partitions 9.

[0049] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the power supply line terminal 14 is provided with an error-proofing clip for matching with the error-proofing slot 10. Only the matching power supply line terminal 14 can be connected to the corresponding second interface of the fuse, thereby achieving the purpose of error-proofing. The installation prompt mark 82 can be, but is not limited to, Arabic numerals, each fuse corresponds to an Arabic numeral, and the power supply line terminal 14 is also marked according to the numerical serial number, so that the corresponding installation position can be found according to the numerical serial number to avoid installation errors.

[0050] In the above embodiment, the setting of the error-proofing slot 10 and the installation position prompt mark can help the operator identify the installation position of the power supply line terminal 14 of the power supply load, making the installation of the power supply load wiring harness convenient, which is beneficial to improving the installation efficiency and avoiding the abnormal melting of the fuse due to the wiring harness installation error, resulting in the power supply load being unable to work and fire due to short circuit.

[0051] In addition, a guide opening is provided at the edge of the box body 1 between two adjacent partitions 9 to guide the installation of the power supply harness. The guide opening can be, but is not limited to, a bell-mouth structure.

[0052] In the present application, the vehicle's installed load can be connected to the first fuse 11 and the second fuse 7 at the same time, which can achieve power supply redundancy, prevent short circuit power failure, and improve driving safety; at the same time, the first fuse 11 and the second fuse 7 can be adjusted separately according to the functional safety level and load balancing, reducing the total fuse 3 load current, reducing the DC charging line and MOS specifications, which not only reduces costs but also improves reliability.

[0053] Regarding the line-of-sight power supply redundancy described above, take the vehicle's trip computer with two power supply interfaces as an example. One of the power supply interfaces is connected to the first fuse 11 powered by the first power supply 17, and the other power supply interface is connected to the second fuse 7 powered by the second power supply 16. In this way, when both the second power supply 16 and the main fuse 3 fail, the power supply mode of the first power supply 17 can still continue to power the on-board computer, thereby achieving the purpose of improving power supply redundancy.

[0054] In addition, the utility model also provides a vehicle, on which is installed a battery positive electrode fuse box as described in any one of the above technical solutions.

[0055] In the above-mentioned various embodiments and various expanded implementation methods, the utility model separates the vehicle load to form a first power supply load and a second power supply load. When the first power supply or the second power supply is supplying power, only part of the current passes through the main fuse, thereby reducing the load current of the main fuse, preventing the risk of power failure of the whole vehicle or burning of the wiring harness and MOS, improving the low-voltage power supply safety of the whole vehicle and reducing costs.

[0056] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery positive electrode fuse box, characterized in that: The battery positive pole fuse box includes a box body and a main fuse installed on the box body, a first interface of the main fuse is connected to a first conductive sheet, the first conductive sheet is fixed on the box body and is used to connect a first power supply load and a first power supply, and a second interface of the main fuse is connected to a second conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet is fixed on the box body and is used to connect a second power supply load and a second power supply.

2. The battery positive electrode fuse box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery positive electrode fuse box also includes a third conductive sheet, which is fixed on the box body and connected to the first conductive sheet. The third conductive sheet is provided with a first power interface for connecting to a first power source.

3. The battery positive electrode fuse box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery positive electrode fuse box also includes a plurality of first fuses, which are mounted on the box body, wherein a first interface of the first fuse is connected to the first conductive sheet, and a second interface of the first fuse is used to connect to a first power supply load.

4. The battery positive electrode fuse box according to claim 3, characterized in that: The battery positive electrode fuse box further comprises a plurality of second fuses, wherein the second fuses are mounted on the box body, the first interfaces of the second fuses are connected to the second conductive sheet, and the second interfaces of the second fuses are used to connect to a second power supply load; and / or The second conductive sheet is provided with a second power interface for connecting to a second power source.

5. The battery positive electrode fuse box according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet is provided with an electrical rescue interface.

6. The battery positive electrode fuse box according to claim 4, characterized in that: Partitions are provided on both sides of the second interfaces of the first fuse and the second fuse, and the partitions are fixed on the box body. An error-proofing structure that cooperates with the power supply line terminals of the corresponding power supply load is provided between two adjacent partitions.

7. The battery positive electrode fuse box according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anti-error structure includes an anti-error rib, which is fixed on the side wall of the partition, and the cavity between two adjacent partitions and the anti-error rib are combined to form an anti-error groove that cooperates with the anti-error clip on the power supply line terminal of the corresponding power supply load; and / or The error-proofing structure comprises an installation prompt mark, and the installation prompt mark is arranged on the box body between two adjacent partitions.

8. The battery positive electrode fuse box according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first interface of the main fuse and the first interface of the first fuse are both connected to the first conductive sheet by riveting, and the first interface of the second fuse is connected to the second conductive sheet by riveting.

9. The battery positive electrode fuse box according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The battery positive electrode fuse box also includes a box cover, and the box cover is detachably connected to the box body.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is equipped with a battery positive fuse box as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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