Construction form for tunnel joint waterproof and drainage

By using drainage-enhanced or waterproof reinforced back-mounted water stops and drainage plates in the lining joints of railway tunnels, the construction joint problems caused by the buried water stops and the insufficient drainage performance of the back-mounted water stops are solved. , achieving better waterproofing and drainage effects, avoiding cracks, hollowing, block drops and water leakage problems of tunnel lining.

CN222162648UActive Publication Date: 2024-12-13RAILWAY CONSTR RES INST OF CHINA ACAD OF RAILWAY SCI CO LTD +1
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202420613945.X
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-03-27
Publication Date
2024-12-13
Estimated Expiration
2034-03-27

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In the existing drainage-proof structure of the lining joints of railway tunnels, the lateral stiffness of the middle buried water stops and the drainage performance of the back-mounted water stops lead to cracks, hollows, block loss and other problems. Moreover, the drainage performance is insufficient, which can easily cause water leakage.

Method used

Use drainage reinforced or waterproof reinforced back-mounted water stop belt and drainage plate to cancel the buried water stop belt, enhance the drainage performance through the design of back-mounted water stop belt, and set up drainage plates at the tunnel arch wall To improve drainage capacity and ensure waterproofing of joints.

Benefits of technology

It effectively avoids cracking, hollowing and blocking problems in the construction joints during the tunnel lining operation period, and improves the drainage capacity of the tunnel arch wall, ensures the waterproof performance of the joints and prevents water leakage.

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a construction form for tunnel joint water prevention and drainage, which comprises a primary support, self-adhesive cloth, a water prevention and drainage plate, a waterproof plate, a back-attached water stop belt and a secondary lining which are arranged from outside to inside of a tunnel, and the waterproof plate is a water drainage enhanced back-attached water stop belt or a waterproof enhanced back-attached water stop belt; according to the construction form for tunnel joint water prevention and drainage, a middle-buried type water stop belt is omitted, and a drainage enhancement type back-attached water stop belt or a waterproof enhancement type back-attached water stop belt and a water prevention and drainage plate are adopted to enhance the water prevention and drainage performance of the back-attached water stop belt and improve the drainage capacity of a tunnel arch wall; the problem that the waterproof performance of a lining joint is reduced after a middle-buried water stop belt is cancelled is solved, the waterproof and drainage capacity of the tunnel lining joint is guaranteed, and the problems of cracking, hollowing, chipping and the like of a tunnel construction joint in the tunnel lining operation period due to the fact that a lining is cut by a middle-buried water stop belt in a traditional waterproof and drainage structure can be solved.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of drainage prevention structures, and more specifically to a structure for drainage prevention of tunnel joints. Background Art

[0002] At present, the waterproof and drainage structural forms of railway tunnel lining joints are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes initial support 1, waterproof board 4', back-sticking waterstop 5', embedded waterstop 6' and secondary lining 2'. The back-sticking waterstop 5' and embedded waterstop 6' are located at the construction joint 3 of the secondary lining 2'. The construction joint 3 is mainly waterproofed and drained in the composite drainage structure of "back-sticking waterstop 5'+embedded waterstop 6'". However, this structure has the following problems:

[0003] (1) Cutting of the embedded waterstop 6' lining is the primary cause of cracking, hollowing and falling of tunnel construction joints, accounting for more than 70% of the problems of cracking, hollowing and falling of tunnel construction joints. For the cutting of the embedded waterstop 6' lining, it is mainly due to the insufficient lateral rigidity of the embedded waterstop 6', the loose construction fixation, the buried position is too shallow from the concrete surface or the positioning is incorrect, etc., which causes the displacement and exposure of the waterstop caused by extrusion during the concrete pouring process. In particular, the gravity causes the waterstop to fall in the arch of the tunnel, which seriously affects the thickness of the concrete lining at the joint, and even causes serious accidents such as falling of the lining at the joint. In recent years, the falling of lining joints has become the main type of disease in high-speed railway tunnels, seriously threatening driving safety and attracting wide attention from all parties;

[0004] (2) The back-attached waterstop 5' will also sag under the pressure of concrete pouring. Although it will not cause serious safety risks such as lining falling off like the embedded waterstop 6' cutting the lining, it will still cause quality defects such as hollows behind the back-attached waterstop 5' and lining cutting at the joints. In order to solve the problem of the back-attached waterstop 5' sagging, steel bar clips are often set for the back-attached waterstop 5' with a width of 350mm, 400mm and other specifications to prevent the back-attached waterstop 5' from sagging on both sides. However, the setting of the steel bar clips also causes a gap between the back-attached waterstop and the waterproof layer, and it is not completely close. In addition, the back-attached waterstop 5' is still mainly waterproof, and its drainage performance is not sufficient. Once the waterproof layer is damaged, the surrounding rock seepage penetrates the waterproof layer and enters between the secondary lining and the waterproof layer. The surrounding rock seepage cannot be discharged in time, which is easy to cause water leakage in the tunnel lining joints.

[0005] (3) The drainage of the tunnel arch wall is mainly through the annular blind pipe set along the circumference of the tunnel. However, the annular blind pipe is easily deformed by pressure, and once this linear drainage channel is blocked at any point of the arch foot or arch waist, the drainage of the entire pipe may fail. When the seepage of the initial support and waterproof layer is stored at a certain level of water volume and pressure, the seepage will penetrate the damaged part of the waterproof layer and enter between the waterproof layer and the secondary lining, which may cause seepage in the joints. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a structural form for tunnel joint drainage prevention, which eliminates the use of embedded waterstop and adopts a drainage-enhanced back-stick waterstop or a waterproof-enhanced back-stick waterstop and a drainage board to enhance the drainage performance of the back-stick waterstop and improve the drainage capacity of the tunnel arch wall, so as to compensate for the reduction in the waterproof performance of the lining joints after the elimination of the embedded waterstop, ensure the drainage capacity of the tunnel lining joints, and avoid the problems of cracking, hollowing, and falling of the tunnel construction joints during the operation period of the tunnel lining caused by the embedded waterstop cutting the lining in the traditional drainage prevention structure.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A structural form for tunnel joint drainage, comprising initial support, self-adhesive cloth, drainage board, waterproof board, back-sticking waterstop and secondary lining arranged from outside the tunnel to inside, wherein the waterproof board is a drainage-enhanced back-sticking waterstop or a waterproof-enhanced back-sticking waterstop;

[0009] The drainage-enhanced back-sticked waterstop comprises a first belt body, a second drainage channel is arranged on both sides of the first belt body, a drainage support is arranged in the second drainage channel, a first waterstop area is arranged on both sides of the back water surface of the first belt body, a first waterstop structure is arranged at the first waterstop area, and a first installation positioning structure is arranged in the middle of the back water surface of the first belt body;

[0010] The waterproof enhanced back-stick waterstop includes a second belt body, an extended rib is provided in the middle of the back water surface of the second belt body, second waterstop areas are provided on both sides of the extended rib, second waterstop structures are provided at the second waterstop areas, and second installation and positioning structures are provided on the back water surface of the second belt body and on both sides of the extended rib;

[0011] The anti-drainage board includes a body, a water-facing surface of the body is provided with a plurality of convex columns, and an adhesive tape is provided on the water-facing surface of the body, the adhesive tape is in contact with the initial support, and a first drainage channel exists between the water-facing surface of the body and the initial support.

[0012] Furthermore, the width of the drainage board is 1 m, and the waterproof board is fully laid along the length direction of the tunnel and is located between the drainage board and the back waterstop.

[0013] Furthermore, the width of the anti-drainage board is 2m. The anti-drainage board is arranged at the lining joint. Both sides of the anti-drainage board are provided with overlapping areas, and are overlapped with the waterproof board through the overlapping areas.

[0014] Furthermore, first sticking and fixing areas are arranged on both sides of the water-facing surface of the first belt body, and first adhesive glue is arranged at the first sticking and fixing areas.

[0015] Further, second sticking and fixing areas are arranged on both sides of the water-facing surface of the second belt body, and second adhesive glue is arranged at the second sticking and fixing areas.

[0016] Furthermore, the first water-stopping structure and the second water-stopping structure are both polymer self-adhesive.

[0017] Furthermore, the first installation and positioning structure and the second installation and positioning structure each include a plurality of installation and positioning ribs.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0019] The utility model changes the existing tunnel joint drainage form, performs drainage through the construction form of initial support, drainage board, waterproof board, back-stick waterstop and secondary lining, cancels the use of embedded waterstop, adopts drainage-enhanced back-stick waterstop or waterproof-enhanced back-stick waterstop and drainage board to enhance the drainage performance of back-stick waterstop and improve the drainage capacity of tunnel arch wall, so as to compensate for the reduced waterproof performance of lining joints after canceling the embedded waterstop, ensure the drainage performance of tunnel lining joints, and avoid the problems of cracking, hollowing, falling of blocks and the like in the tunnel construction joints during the operation period of tunnel lining caused by the use of embedded waterstop. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0021] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the drainage structure of the existing tunnel lining joints;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structural form of tunnel joint drainage (Example 1);

[0023] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the structural form of tunnel joint waterproofing and drainage (Example 2);

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structural form of tunnel joint drainage (Example 3);

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drainage enhanced back-stick waterstop;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waterproof enhanced back-stick waterstop;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the drainage board.

[0028] Markings in the figure are: 1. initial support; 2. secondary lining; 3. joint; 4. waterproof board; 5. drainage-enhanced back-stick waterstop; 501. second drainage channel; 502. first adhesive; 503. first waterstop structure; 504. first installation and positioning structure; 6. drainage board; 601. convex column; 602. adhesive tape; 7. waterproof-enhanced back-stick waterstop; 701. second adhesive; 702. extended rib; 703. second waterstop structure; 704. second installation and positioning structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that directional words, such as the terms "center", "lateral (X)", "longitudinal (Y)", "vertical (Z)", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating directions and positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of narrating the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and cannot be understood as limiting the specific protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. Therefore, the definition of "first" and "second" features can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "several" and "a number" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] A structural form used for tunnel joint drainage, such as Figure 2As shown, it includes initial support 1, self-adhesive cloth, drainage board 6, waterproof board 4, back-sticking water stop strip and secondary lining 2 arranged from outside to inside of the tunnel, wherein the waterproof board 4 is a drainage-enhanced back-sticking water stop strip 5;

[0033] The drainage enhanced back-sticking water stop strip 5 is as follows Figure 5 As shown, it comprises a first belt body, both sides of the first belt body are provided with second drainage channels 501, drainage supports are provided in the second drainage channels 501, first water stop areas are provided on both sides of the back water surface of the first belt body, a first water stop structure 503 is provided at the first water stop area, and a first installation positioning structure 504 is provided in the middle of the back water surface of the first belt body;

[0034] The anti-drainage board 6 includes a body, such as Figure 7 As shown, the water-facing surface of the body is provided with a plurality of convex columns 601, and the water-facing surface of the body is provided with an adhesive tape 602, the adhesive tape 602 is in contact with the initial support 1, and a first drainage channel is provided between the water-facing surface of the body and the initial support 1;

[0035] Specifically, by setting up an anti-drainage board 6 and setting a number of protruding columns 601 and an adhesive tape 602 on the main body of the drainage board, a first drainage channel is formed between the water-facing surface of the anti-drainage board 6 and the initial support 1 to form surface drainage, replacing the original linear drainage channel of the annular blind pipe, which can greatly increase the drainage range and drainage flow of the arch wall and effectively avoid blockage of the drainage channel at the arch wall.

[0036] The width of the drainage board 6 is 1 m, and the waterproof board 4 is fully laid along the length direction of the tunnel and is located between the drainage board 6 and the back-attached waterstop.

[0037] Preferably, the drainage support is a drainage hose, which is connected to the longitudinal drainage blind pipe at the bottom of the tunnel arch, thereby supporting the second drainage channel 501 of the drainage enhanced back waterstop 5, ensuring that the drainage enhanced back waterstop 5 can effectively eliminate water seepage in the lining joint 3.

[0038] Preferably, first pasting and fixing areas are provided on both sides of the water-facing surface of the first belt body, and the first pasting and fixing areas are provided with a first adhesive 502, and the first adhesive 502 can be a common adhesive; specifically, by providing the first adhesive 502 on the water-facing surface of the first belt body, on the one hand, during the tunnel construction period, the back-sticking waterstop can be conveniently fixed on the waterproof layer to avoid the back-sticking waterstop from falling, and the concrete slurry can be prevented from entering the drainage area when the concrete is poured; on the other hand, during the tunnel operation period, it can also allow seepage into the second drainage channel 501.

[0039] Preferably, the first water-stop structure 503 is a polymer self-adhesive glue; specifically, a polymer self-adhesive glue is arranged on the back water surface of the first belt body to form a water-stop area, which forms an adhesive sealing tape by reacting with concrete, thereby further blocking the water seepage channel of the back-stick water-stop tape and ensuring its waterproof performance.

[0040] Preferably, the first installation positioning structure 504 includes a plurality of installation positioning ribs, and the plurality of installation positioning ribs are short ribs. The installation and fixation of the template can be facilitated by these installation positioning ribs, and the displacement of the back waterstop can be effectively avoided.

[0041] The construction form used for tunnel joint drainage in the first embodiment uses the construction form of "drainage enhanced back-stick waterstop 5 + full-covered waterproof board 4 + 1m wide drainage board 6" for drainage, changing the original existing construction form and canceling the use of embedded waterstop. By enhancing the drainage performance of the back-stick waterstop and adding drainage strips, the drainage capacity of the arch wall is increased by using the drainage board 6, and the underground seepage behind the tunnel is timely channeled and discharged, reducing the tunnel seepage pressure, and finally compensating for the reduced waterproof performance of the lining joint 3 after canceling the embedded waterstop, thereby avoiding the problems of cracking, hollowing, and falling of the tunnel construction joints during the tunnel lining operation period caused by the use of embedded waterstop.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] A structural form used for tunnel joint drainage, such as Figure 3 As shown, the rest of the structural features are the same as those of the first embodiment, except that: the width of the anti-drainage board 6 is 2m, the anti-drainage board 6 is arranged at the lining joint 3, and overlapping areas are provided on both sides of the anti-drainage board 6, which are overlapped with the waterproof board 4 through the overlapping areas.

[0044] The second embodiment of the present invention uses a "drainage-enhanced back-sticked waterstop 5 + waterproof board 4 + 2m wide drainage board 6" structure for drainage, and its function and effect are the same as those of the first embodiment. The specific difference is that a 1m wide drainage board 6 and a 2m wide drainage board 6 are used, and the main difference between the 1m wide drainage board 6 and the 2m wide drainage board 6 in terms of structural form and construction technology is that the 1m wide drainage board 6 has no overlapping strips and is directly laid between the fully-paved waterproof board 4 and the initial support 1 during construction, which makes the construction more flexible; the 2m wide drainage board 6 is provided with overlapping strips, which are set at the lining joint 3 during construction and overlapped with the waterproof board 4 for use.

[0045] Embodiment three:

[0046] A structural form used for tunnel joint drainage, such as Figure 4As shown, it includes initial support 1, self-adhesive cloth, drainage board 6, waterproof board 4, back-sticking water stop and secondary lining 2 arranged from outside to inside of the tunnel, and the waterproof board 4 is a waterproof enhanced back-sticking water stop 7;

[0047] The waterproof enhanced back-sticking water stop strip 7, such as Figure 6 As shown, it includes a second belt body, an extended rib 702 is provided in the middle of the back water surface of the second belt body, a second water stop area is provided on both sides of the extended rib 702, a second water stop structure 703 is provided at the second water stop area, and a second installation positioning structure 704 is provided on the back water surface of the second belt body and on both sides of the extended rib 702;

[0048] The anti-drainage board 6 includes a body, a plurality of convex columns 601 are arranged on the water-facing surface of the body, and an adhesive tape 602 is arranged on the water-facing surface of the body, the adhesive tape 602 is in contact with the initial support 1, and a first drainage channel exists between the water-facing surface of the body and the initial support 1;

[0049] Specifically, by setting up an anti-drainage board 6, and setting a number of protruding columns 601 and an adhesive tape 602 on the body of the drainage board, a first drainage channel is formed between the water-facing surface of the anti-drainage board 6 and the initial support 1 to form surface drainage, replacing the original linear drainage channel of the annular blind pipe, which can greatly increase the drainage range and drainage flow of the arch wall and effectively avoid blockage of the drainage channel.

[0050] Preferably, the width of the drainage board 6 is 1 m, and the waterproof board 4 is fully laid along the length direction of the tunnel.

[0051] Preferably, second adhesive fixing areas are provided on both sides of the water-facing surface of the second belt body, and second adhesive glue 701 is provided at the second adhesive fixing areas. The second adhesive glue 701 can be a common adhesive glue; specifically, by providing the second adhesive glue 701 on the water-facing surface of the second belt body, the back-sticking waterstop can be conveniently fixed on the waterproof layer during the tunnel construction period to prevent the back-sticking waterstop from sagging.

[0052] Preferably, the second water-stop structure 703 is a polymer self-adhesive glue; specifically, a polymer self-adhesive glue is arranged on the back water surface of the second belt body to form a water-stopping area, which forms an adhesive sealing tape by reacting with concrete, thereby further blocking the water seepage channel of the back-stick water-stop tape and ensuring its waterproof performance.

[0053] Preferably, the second installation positioning structure 704 includes a plurality of installation positioning ribs, and the plurality of installation positioning ribs are short ribs. The installation and fixation of the template can be facilitated by these installation positioning ribs, and the displacement of the back waterstop can be effectively avoided.

[0054] The structural form used for tunnel joint drainage in the third embodiment uses the structural form of "waterproof enhanced back-stick waterstop 7 + full-covered waterproof board 4 + 1m wide drainage board 6" for drainage, changing the original existing structural form and canceling the use of embedded waterstop. By enhancing the waterproof performance of the back-stick waterstop and adding drainage strips, the drainage capacity of the arch wall is increased by using the drainage board 6, and the underground seepage behind the tunnel is timely channeled and discharged, reducing the tunnel seepage pressure, and finally compensating for the reduced waterproof performance of the lining joint 3 after canceling the embedded waterstop, thereby avoiding the problems of cracking, hollowing, and falling of the tunnel construction joints during the tunnel lining operation period caused by the use of embedded waterstop.

[0055] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structural form for tunnel joint drainage, Features: It includes initial support, self-adhesive cloth, drainage board, waterproof board, back-sticking waterstop and secondary lining arranged from outside to inside of the tunnel, wherein the waterproof board is drainage-enhanced back-sticking waterstop or waterproof-enhanced back-sticking waterstop; The anti-drainage board includes a body, a plurality of convex columns are arranged on the water-facing surface of the body, and an adhesive tape is arranged on the water-facing surface of the body, the adhesive tape is mechanically engaged and fixed with the self-adhesive cloth and the initial support, and a first drainage channel is provided between the water-facing surface of the body and the initial support; The drainage-enhanced back-sticked waterstop comprises a first belt body, a second drainage channel is arranged on both sides of the first belt body, a drainage support is arranged in the second drainage channel, a first waterstop area is arranged on both sides of the back water surface of the first belt body, a first waterstop structure is arranged at the first waterstop area, and a first installation positioning structure is arranged in the middle of the back water surface of the first belt body; The waterproof enhanced back-stick waterstop strip includes a second strip body, an extended rib is arranged in the middle of the back water surface of the second strip body, second waterstop areas are arranged on both sides of the extended rib, a second waterstop structure is arranged at the second waterstop area, and a second installation and positioning structure is arranged on the back water surface of the second strip body and on both sides of the extended rib.

2. A structural form for tunnel joint waterproofing and drainage according to claim 1, Features: The width of the drainage board is 1m. The waterproof board is fully laid along the length direction of the tunnel and is located between the drainage board and the back-attached waterstop.

3. A structural form for tunnel joint waterproofing and drainage according to claim 1, Features: The width of the anti-drainage board is 2m. The anti-drainage board is arranged at the lining joint. Both sides of the anti-drainage board are provided with overlapping areas, and are overlapped with the waterproof board through the overlapping areas.

4. A structural form for tunnel joint waterproofing and drainage according to claim 1, Features: First sticking and fixing areas are arranged on both sides of the water-facing surface of the first belt body, and first adhesive glue is arranged at the first sticking and fixing areas.

5. A structural form for tunnel joint waterproofing and drainage according to claim 1, Features: Second sticking and fixing areas are arranged on both sides of the water-facing surface of the second belt body, and second adhesive glue is arranged at the second sticking and fixing areas.

6. A structural form for tunnel joint waterproofing and drainage according to claim 1, Features: The first water-stopping structure and the second water-stopping structure are both polymer self-adhesive.

7. A structural form for tunnel joint waterproofing and drainage according to claim 1, Features: The first installation and positioning structure and the second installation and positioning structure both include a plurality of installation and positioning ribs.